Inhibition of cocaine. Medical search. Frequent questions

Although modafinil was originally categorized as a psychostimulant, its structure, sites of action, as well as neurochemical and behavioral effects appear to be different from those of prototypical stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine. (nature.com)
A large body of evidence supports the hypothesis that mesolimbic dopamine (DA) mediates, in animal models, the reinforcing effects of central nervous system stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine. (erowid.org)
Both amphetamine and cocaine increase norepinephrine (NE) via stimulation of release and inhibition of reuptake, respectively. (erowid.org)
To compare and contrast the stimulant effects of adenosine antagonism to direct dopamine stimulation, we administered 150 mg and 300 mg caffeine, 20 mg amphetamine, and placebo to cocaine-dependent vs. healthy control subjects, matched on moderate caffeine use. (omicsonline.org)

Long-term effects of cocaine: Prolonged use of cocaine can lead to addiction, cardiovascular issues, and damage to the respiratory and nervous systems. (healingpicks.com)

Compounds potentially used with MDMA [fluoxetine, paroxetine, (-)-cocaine] demonstrated significant inhibition of MDMA metabolism in both human liver and CYP2D6.1-expressing microsomes. (mdma.net)

Difluoropine is unique among the tropane-derived dopamine reuptake inhibitors in that the active stereoisomer is the (S) enantiomer rather than the (R) enantiomer, the opposite way round compared to natural cocaine. (wikipedia.org)
Cocaine is known to block the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine at preganglionic sympathetic nerve endings, and this action by the drug is presumed to cause the increase in heart rate and blood pressure and the acute vasospastic syndromes observed in individuals who use cocaine. (medscape.com)
Furthermore, cocaine prevents the reuptake of exogenously administered epinephrine. (medscape.com)

The short-term effects of cocaine use create a significant increase in feelings of euphoria. (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)
Short-term effects of cocaine: When consumed, cocaine produces immediate effects such as euphoria, increased energy, and heightened mental focus. (healingpicks.com)

Restoring extracellular glutamate with systemic administration of cysteine prodrugs prevented the reinstatement of cocaine seeking. (jneurosci.org)

2006 It is hypothesized that related molecular mechanisms responsible for long-term memory space formation also participate in the formation of Pyroxamide (NSC 696085) long-term cocaine-context connected remembrances (Nestler 2002 Hyman 2005 Everitt et al. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
For instance, cocaine users display significantly poorer ability to inhibit their behavioural responses compared to healthy controls (Fillmore & Rush, 2002). (health.am)
To measure impulsive action and inhibition of behavior in rats, we used the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) ( Robbins, 2002 ). (frontiersin.org)

The effect is a heightened feeling of euphoria, among the many effects cocaine has on the system. (lighthouserecoverytx.com)
Struggling to cope with the stresses of daily life, users are then forced to return to cocaine and indulge in its benefits of euphoria, elevation, and heightened energy levels. (lighthouserecoverytx.com)
This, in combination with the euphoria experienced by the user, can be reinforcing, and cocaine use is perceived as free of any adverse consequences. (brainkart.com)
In addi-tion to the synergistic effects of cocaine and alcohol in humans, an active metabolite, cocaethylene, with cocaine-like pharmaco-logical properties is formed and users of both drugs simultane-ously report enhanced euphoria. (brainkart.com)
Cocaine users quickly learn that higher doses are asso-ciated with intensified and prolonged euphoria, resulting in in-creasing use of the drug and progression to cocaine dependence. (brainkart.com)
The abuser is focused on the cocaine-induced euphoria and be-gins compulsively to pursue this effect. (brainkart.com)

Thus, there is concern primarily about use of epinephrine, lidocaine, and beta-blockers in the setting of acute cocaine toxicity. (medscape.com)
There are 3 reported phases of acute cocaine toxicity. (medscape.com)

These data demonstrate that nonsynaptic glutamate derived from xc- modulates synaptic glutamate release and thereby regulates cocaine-induced drug seeking. (jneurosci.org)
Collectively results from this study demonstrate that HDAC3 negatively regulates cocaine-induced CPP acquisition. (healthandwellnesssource.org)

Neuronal dopamine transporter activity, density and methamphetamine inhibition are differentially altered in the nucleus accumbens and striatum with no changes in glycosylation in rats behaviorally sensitized to methamphetamine. (academictree.org)
Those who abuse drugs, such as heroin, methamphetamine, or cocaine, tend to use more than one drug at a time, including alcohol. (drugs.com)

Objectives: The current study examined the hypothesis that nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) blockade influences the ability of cocaine to elicit increases in extracellular dopamine levels. (unimore.it)
Materials and Methods: Pharmacological studies using nicotinic antagonists as well as genetic inactivation of beta 2* nAChRs were used to determine the effect of nAChR blockade on dopamine levels in ventral striatum elicited by acute or repeated administrations of cocaine in mice. (unimore.it)
Conclusions: These data indicate that inhibition of both alpha 7* and beta 2* nAChRs is necessary to prevent development of sensitization of cocaine-elicited increases in extracellular dopamine levels in the ventral striatum of mice. (unimore.it)
Cocaine increases dopamine levels in the brain, which is associated with pleasure and reward. (healingpicks.com)

Rapid adaptation to changes, while maintaining a certain level of behavioral inhibition is an important feature in every day functioning. (frontiersin.org)
In the present study, we examined the effect of a complex rearing environment during adolescence on attention and behavioral inhibition in adult male rats. (frontiersin.org)
We also tested whether these effects were affected by an adverse early life challenge, maternal deprivation (MD). We found that animals that were raised in large, two floor Marlau TM cages, together with 10 conspecifics, showed improved attention, but impaired behavioral inhibition in the 5-choice serial reaction time task. (frontiersin.org)
Our data suggest that a complex rearing environment leads to a faster adaptation to changes in the environment, but at the cost of lower behavioral inhibition. (frontiersin.org)
Like many aspects of behavior, development of attention and behavioral inhibition is driven by genetic makeup in interplay with environmental context and challenges in life. (frontiersin.org)
Exactly how behavioral inhibition and impulsivity are shaped by the environment, both early in life and throughout development, can be studied in preclinical models that allow precise control over the environment. (frontiersin.org)
We therefore set out to examine the effect of a complex environment during adolescence -whether primed by early life adversity or not- on behavioral inhibition and impulsivity in male rats. (frontiersin.org)
After extensive training to acquire baseline levels of responding, either attentional load can be increased or behavioral inhibition can be challenged. (frontiersin.org)
Title : Developmental trajectories of behavioral inhibition from infancy to age seven: The role of genetic and environmental risk for psychopathology Personal Author(s) : Anaya, Berenice;Neiderhiser, Jenae M.;Pérez-Edgar, Koraly;Leve, Leslie D.;Ganiban, Jody M.;Reiss, David;Natsuaki, Misaki N.;Shaw, Daniel S. (cdc.gov)

Repeated administration of cocaine led to increases in ambulation- accelerating activity (sensitization) and conditioned place preference (CPP). (ewha.ac.kr)
Results: Administration of mecamylamine (a general nicotinic antagonist that is not highly selective for individual nAChR subtypes) or co-administration of methyllycaconitine (a more selective antagonist of alpha 7* nAChRs) with dihydro-beta-erythroidine (a more selective antagonist of beta 2* nAChRs and other heteromeric nAChR subtypes) prevented sensitization of cocaine-elicited increases in extracellular DA levels in the ventral striatum in wild-type mice. (unimore.it)
Postmeal Optogenetic Inhibition of Dorsal or Ventral Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons Increases Future Intake. (neurotree.org)
Some studies have found that cocaine also increases the body's response to stress , which may explain why cocaine abuse and stress disorders typically occur together. (lighthouserecoverytx.com)
Cocaine is a stimulant drug: Cocaine belongs to the class of stimulant drugs, which means it increases brain activity and alertness. (healingpicks.com)

In order to find pharmacotherapy for cocaine addiction, it is necessary to understand the neurobiological mechanism underlying craving and relapse. (nature.com)
As cocaine relapse may occur after prolonged abstinence, mechanisms resulting in long-lasting modifications in the brain, such as the ones underlying learning and memory processes are required [ 1 ]. (nature.com)
Recently, clinical studies suggested that the wake-promoting drug modafinil might decrease relapse in cocaine addicts. (nature.com)
Finally, type-1 cannabinoid receptor-dependent inhibition of GABA-ergic release and relapse to reward-associated stimuli is linked to ghrelin and orexin signaling in the lateral hypothalamus-ventral tegmental area-nucleus accumbens network to highlight its pathological potential for food addiction-like behavior. (frontiersin.org)
This shot aims to minimize the risk of relapse, encouraging the body to create specific antibodies that prevent cocaine from entering the brain. (lighthouserecoverytx.com)
Cocaine abusers are at high risk for relapse, particularly in the first few months of treatment related to acute craving often in the context of ongoing psychoso-cial stressors that result from or have been exacerbated by cocaine abuse. (brainkart.com)
Although the ability to cope with cocaine craving improves with continued abstinence, relapse to cocaine abuse or other drug and alcohol abuse will continue to be a risk for those with a history of a cocaine use disorder who re-lapse to cocaine abuse. (brainkart.com)

Therefore, a mechanism that may account for the ameliorative effect of cysteine prodrugs on cocaine seeking is that the increase in extracellular glutamate produced by activating xc- restores tone on presynaptic mGluR2/3 and thereby reduces synaptic glutamate release. (jneurosci.org)
2008 An underlying molecular mechanism of both cocaine-induced neuroplasticity associated with habit (with HDAC4 or HDAC5 in multi-protein transcriptional repressor complexes (Lahm et al. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
The development of postsynaptic DA-receptor supersensitivity may be an underlying common mechanism that mediates cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization and CPP. (ewha.ac.kr)
The pharmacological mechanism of the facilitatory effect of TFP is thought to be the result from its specific inhibition of CaM, without any involvement of the Ca2+ channel blocking effect. (chinaphar.com)
A mechanism for the inhibition of neural progenitor cell proliferation by cocaine. (bvsalud.org)
2 The mechanism appears to involve alcohol blockage (inhibition) of enzymes needed to break down cocaine, leading to accumulation of the drug. (drugs.com)
But there's more to the mechanism of cocaine than just that. (lighthouserecoverytx.com)

We established that, in the nucleus accumbens, a key brain region of reward processing, the neuronal ensembles -- a sparse network of neurons activated simultaneously -- are reward-specific, and sucrose and cocaine ensembles are mostly nonoverlapping," says Ana Clara Bobadilla, a UW assistant professor in the School of Pharmacy and in the WWAMI (Washington, Wyoming, Alaska, Montana and Idaho) Medical Education Program. (uwyo.edu)
The study determined the sucrose and cocaine ensembles recruited mostly D1 receptor expressing medium spiny neurons. (uwyo.edu)
For example, cocaine administration leads to altered responsiveness of striatal medium spiny neurons to dopamine ( Henry and White, 1991 ). (jneurosci.org)
Increase of energy accumulation elicits leptin release and simultaneous inhibition of orexigenic neurons expressing neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP), as well as activation of the anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons within the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC). (frontiersin.org)
Chorea and athetosis result from impaired inhibition of thalamocortical neurons by the basal ganglia. (msdmanuals.com)

The voltage dependence for inhibition associated with each site is consistent with these results. (aspetjournals.org)
For patient education information, see Cocaine Abuse , Drug Dependence & Abuse , and Substance Abuse . (medscape.com)
Recently, clinical trials have reported that modafinil may be effective in treating cocaine dependence. (nature.com)
Disulfiram, typically used to treat alcohol dependence, has shown some promise in the treatment of cocaine addiction . (lighthouserecoverytx.com)
This differentiation is crucial to an understanding of the syndrome of cocaine dependence. (brainkart.com)

Users crush the pill into a powder and make a mixture using rat poison (strychnine), ARV's, detergent and illicit drugs (heroin, marijuana, MDMA , phencyclidine (PCP) or cocaine). (vumc.org)
The present study aims to evaluate the cardiovascular toxicity and lethality induced by first-generation synthetic cathinones (mephedrone, methylone, and MDPV) and more classical psychostimulants (cocaine and MDMA) in zebrafish embryos using a new approach methodology (NAM). (bvsalud.org)

Cocaine produces a sense of intensified pleasure in most activi-ties and a heightened sense of alertness and well-being. (brainkart.com)

The patient should be educated regarding the absolute necessity of abstinence from cocaine. (medscape.com)
After just 24 h of drug abstinence, brief exposures to olfactory stimuli previously paired with cocaine injections led to a transient dilation of the pupil, which was greater than the dilation effect to neutral cues. (eneuro.org)
Newly abstinent cocaine abusers may ex-perience a triphasic abstinence pattern, although this varies by individual, that includes a period of acute abstinence, sometimes referred to as the "crash", lasting several hours to several days consisting of dysphoria, fatigue, insomnia or hypersomnia, in-creased appetite, and either psychomotor agitation or retardation, subsequent to the more intensive "crash" phase. (brainkart.com)

Cocaine-induced neuroplasticity mediated by histone acetylating and deacetylating enzymes may contribute to addiction-like behaviors. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
The use of dopamine antagonists as antipsychotics can result in tardive dyskinesia, while drugs such as cocaine that increase striatal dopamine release can cause dependency and addiction (for review, see Hyman, 1996 ). (jneurosci.org)
Genotype-by-diagnosis interaction influences self-control in human cocaine addiction. (neurotree.org)
2012). These results support the idea of an underlying neurobiological phenotype for stimulant drug addiction and indicate that brain abnormalities associated with self-control and inhibition may exist before drug use, increasing the risk for addictive behaviour. (health.am)
Drugs will lower your inhibitions, lead you to ill-advised activities - it's a well known fact in addiction counselling circles. (warrenkinsella.com)
Cocaine is a serious drug which can cause a debilitating addiction for many people who try it. (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)
Cocaine addiction treatment is always the best option for anyone who is struggling with cocaine addiction. (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)
How Does Cocaine Addiction Treatment Work? (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)
At a cocaine addiction treatment center, therapists work with you to get to the root of your addiction. (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)
It is this pleasurable sensation that users quickly begin to crave and seek compulsively, leading many people to need cocaine addiction treatment and cocaine rehab. (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)
Call To Talk To One Of Cocaine Addiction Treatment Staff Members Today! (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)
Many people know how dangerous cocaine addiction is, even if they've never had a personal experience with the substance. (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)
This is because most of us know somebody who has struggled with cocaine addiction at some point in their lives. (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)
If you have experienced any of the side effects mentioned above, it might be time to seek cocaine addiction treatment. (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)

It is not explicitly illegal anywhere in the world as of 2008[update], but might be considered to be a controlled substance analogue of cocaine on the grounds of its related chemical structure, in some jurisdictions such as the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. (wikipedia.org)

In particular, subacute or even chronic cardiomyopathy resulting from cocaine use has been increasingly recognized. (medscape.com)
Cerebral atrophy is also a known feature of chronic cocaine use. (medscape.com)
Moreover, pathologic similarities between cocaine-related cardiomyopathy and cardiomyopathy associated with pheochromocytomas suggest that chronic adrenergic stimulation may play a role in the development of cocaine-related cardiomyopathy . (medscape.com)
Due to indirect modulation of dopamine transmission, adenosine receptor antagonists may be useful in either treating cocaine use or improving disrupted cognitive-behavioral functions associated with chronic cocaine use. (omicsonline.org)
2012). A recent study discovered abnormalities in brain systems linked to controlling behaviour as measured by SSRT in both cocaine-dependent individuals and their biological siblings who had no history of chronic drug abuse (Ersche et al. (health.am)
Abuse of cocaine (COC) and alcohol have been among the leading causes of non-prescription drug-related deaths in the USA and are known to cause acute and chronic lung diseases. (utmb.edu)
A more chronic withdrawal period sometimes occurs characterized by minor de-pressive symptoms and cocaine craving lasting 2 to 10 weeks. (brainkart.com)
Like other drug and alcohol use disorders, cocaine use disorders are chronic relapsing illnesses that present substantial challenges in the treatment process. (brainkart.com)

Repeated treatments may be required for those with cocaine use disorders. (brainkart.com)

The effect of cocaine on cardiac muscle and coronary vessels remains poorly understood. (medscape.com)
The human liver combines cocaine and alcohol and manufactures a third substance, cocaethylene , that intensifies the euphoric effect of cocaine, but may increase the risk of stroke and sudden death. (drugs.com)

In the present study, rats were treated with either ibogaine (40 mg/kg, i.p.), noribogaine (40 mg/kg, i.p.), 18-methoxycoronaridine (40 mg/kg, i.p.), or saline, 1 or 19 h prior to the administration of cocaine (20 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline. (erowid.org)

Cocaethylene is much more potent than cocaine or alcohol alone and may stay in the system longer. (drugs.com)

2008). Thus, the protocol of "enriched environment for alcohol withdrawal" during an alcohol detoxification programme is mimicking the stimulation that was found active in eliminating behavioural sensitization to cocaine in rodents. (health.am)
A particularly concerning, yet often unknown interaction between alcohol and cocaine has been reported. (drugs.com)
Alcohol can also suppress first pass metabolism and elimination of cocaine from the body. (drugs.com)
The interaction between cocaine and alcohol has been identified a common two-drug combination that results in drug-related deaths, including motor vehicle fatalities. (drugs.com)
Therefore, CE-induced inhibition of cellular proliferation may contribute to the pathogenesis of diffuse alveolar damage in co-abusers of COC and alcohol. (utmb.edu)
Cocaine and alcohol are often consumed together. (brainkart.com)
Aside from alcohol (and not including tobacco-related illnesses), cocaine is the most common cause of drug-related emergency department (ED) visits in the United States, accounting for 505,224 ED visits in 2011, or 162.1 ED visits per 100,000 population. (medscape.com)

Bobadilla is lead author of a paper, titled " Cocaine and Sucrose Rewards Recruit Different Seeking Ensembles in the Nucleus Accumbens Core ," that was published in the Sept. 28 issue of Molecular Psychiatry. (uwyo.edu)

Drug users may inject or snort the powder, and it can also be made into a solid form of crack cocaine, which comes in crystal form which is typically smoked to create a quicker, more intense high. (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)

Cocaine is a potent and highly addictive substance that originates from the leaves of the coca plant, which is endemic to South America, but it can also be created synthetically. (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)
Cocaine is a highly addictive substance that causes its user to feel elevated and euphoric. (lighthouserecoverytx.com)

Canadian authorities now seize more khat than cocaine, heroin, opium, crack, and meth combined , including a large shipment that landed in Fort McMurray, Alberta a few weeks ago. (takimag.com)

One example is dynorphin gene expression, which is progressively induced in dorsal striatum by cocaine. (jneurosci.org)

This study used large-scale neural recordings with silicon microprobe technology to simultaneously examine prefrontal and striatal activity in cocaine-conditioned mice. (eneuro.org)
We found relationships among the level of cocaine cue-evoked neural inhibition, frontostriatal network synchrony, and conditioned arousal measured via pupillometry. (eneuro.org)

Rationale: Several studies have suggested that nicotine treatment can modulate the behavioral and neurochemical responses to other psychostimulants, such as cocaine. (unimore.it)

2011 treated with adeno-associated disease expressing Cre recombinase (AAV-Cre) to generate NAc-specific deletions of in adult mice and examine the effect on histone aceytlation gene manifestation and cocaine-induced CPP. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
Dopamine (DA)-receptor supersensitivity was also developed in cocaine- induced sensitized and CPP mice. (ewha.ac.kr)
No effect was observed on the AMPA/NMDA receptor current ratio in the ventral tegmental area, 24 h after cocaine injection in eEF2K-KI mice compared with WT. (nature.com)
However, development and expression of cocaine psychomotor sensitization were decreased in KI mice. (nature.com)
However, one day following cocaine challenge, phosphorylated eEF2 decreased in WT but not KI mice. (nature.com)
Acute and repeated injections of cocaine reduced phosphorylation of eIF2α in the VTA resulting in increased cocaine CPP in both adolescent and adult mice [ 20 ]. (nature.com)
In a study using genetically modified mice, a University of Wyoming faculty member found that the nucleus accumbens recruited by cocaine use are largely distinct from nucleus accumbens recruited by sucrose, or table sugar. (uwyo.edu)
The dual cocaine and sucrose model used in this study allows us to characterize the cocaine-specific ensemble after the mice experienced sucrose, another type of competing reward. (uwyo.edu)
Here we introduce a behavioral assay of conditioned arousal to cocaine cues involving pupillometry in awake head-restrained mice. (eneuro.org)

Here, another commonly abused drug, cocaine, is shown to selectively inhibit particular nAChR subtypes with a potency in the low micromolar range by interacting with separate sites associated with the α4 and β4 nAChR subunits. (aspetjournals.org)
Cocaine is a commonly used illegal recreational drug that may have significant cardiovascular implications. (medscape.com)
Medications commonly administered to treat pathophysiologic effects of cocaine may worsen other adverse effects of cocaine. (medscape.com)

In summary, the present work describes sequence elements critical in both cocaine inhibition and acetylcholine activation of nAChRs and indicates that nAChRs may provide a site of interaction for the effects of nicotine and cocaine in the nervous system. (aspetjournals.org)
The effects of cocaine are generally short lived. (medscape.com)
However, epinephrine and cocaine have many similar cardiovascular effects. (medscape.com)
The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of iboga agents on cocaine-induced hyperactivity. (erowid.org)
All three iboga agents had acute inhibitory effects and delayed potentiating effects on cocaine-induced hyperactivity. (erowid.org)
Effects of acid-sensing ion channel-1A (ASIC1A) on cocaine-induced synaptic adaptations. (neurotree.org)
The modulatory effects of atomoxetine on aberrant connectivity during attentional processing in cocaine use disorder. (neurotree.org)
Differential effects of Zn2+ on the kinetics and cocaine inhibition of dopamine transport by the human and rat dopamine transporters. (academictree.org)
Cocaine renders its powerful effects by working directly with the brain . (lighthouserecoverytx.com)
Uncontrolled use of cocaine often begins with either increased access and resultant escalating dosages and frequency of administration or a change from intranasal use to a route of administration with more rapid onset of effects (i.e., intravenous or smoked). (brainkart.com)
These memories are later contrasted with current dys-phoria to produce intense craving, which perpetuates the binge use pattern Addicts report that during binge use, thoughts are focused exclusively on the cocaine-induced effects. (brainkart.com)
Here is an overview of the classification of cocaine and its effects on the nervous system. (healingpicks.com)
Explore the classification of drugs into stimulant and depressant categories, providing context for understanding the effects of cocaine. (healingpicks.com)
Outline the immediate effects experienced by users after consuming cocaine. (healingpicks.com)
Explain the stimulant properties of cocaine and how they contribute to its perceived effects. (healingpicks.com)
Address any depressant effects that may be present when using cocaine and how they may differ from its primary stimulant effects. (healingpicks.com)
By delving into the classification and effects of cocaine, we can gain a comprehensive understanding of this powerful and potentially dangerous substance. (healingpicks.com)
Brace yourself for an exploration of the effects and characteristics that make cocaine such a perplexing substance. (healingpicks.com)

Cocaine is a highly potent and addictive substance that affects the central nervous system. (healingpicks.com)

If you suspect someone is abusing stimulant drugs like cocaine , seek professional help and support. (healingpicks.com)
Some teens use drugs because it lowers their inhibitions and makes them more comfortable socially. (medlineplus.gov)
6. Subjects having negative urine screen for drugs of abuse (including amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, marijuana, cocaine and morphine). (who.int)

cocaine-dependent subjects were sensitive only to 300 mg caffeine. (omicsonline.org)

Activating xc- with N -acetylcysteine restores extracellular glutamate and prevents cocaine-induced drug seeking. (jneurosci.org)
Two experiments were conducted to examine the hypothesis that glutamate derived from xc- stimulates inhibitory presynaptic mGluR2/3, thereby reducing synaptic glutamate release and preventing cocaine-primed drug seeking. (jneurosci.org)

In the second experiment, blocking mGluR2/3 prevented the ability of N -acetylcystine to inhibit the reinstatement of drug seeking in rats trained to self-administer cocaine. (jneurosci.org)

That said, behavioral treatment and therapy remain the best choices for cocaine abuse treatment. (lighthouserecoverytx.com)
These behaviors becomepivotal in the lives of cocaine abusers who continue drug abuse despite the presence of increasing personal and social conse-quences. (brainkart.com)

These results suggest that the cocaine-induced dopaminergic behaviors such as sensitization to ambulatory activity and CPP may be produced via activation of the NMDA receptor. (ewha.ac.kr)

An N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor antagonist, MK-801, blocked simultaneously developments of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization, CPP, and DA-receptor supersensitivity. (ewha.ac.kr)
Cocaine psychomotor sensitization and conditioned place preference were used to evaluate behavioural outcome. (nature.com)
These results suggest that the eEF2 pathway play a role in cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization and conditioned place preference. (nature.com)

In the second experiment, cocaine-primed reinstatement of drug seeking was used to determine whether blocking mGluR2/3 prevents the capacity of the cysteine prodrug N -acetylcysteine to inhibit drug seeking. (jneurosci.org)

Importantly, specific targeting of eEF2K expression by shRNA in the NAc decreased cocaine condition place preference. (nature.com)

A very similar set of genes is induced in unlesioned animals by administration of the psychostimulant cocaine or the antipsychotic eticlopride, although in distinct striatal cell populations. (jneurosci.org)

The chemicals in cocaine create bouts of euphoric highs. (pinnaclepeakrecovery.com)

Discuss how cocaine affects the central nervous system and the specific mechanisms behind its actions. (healingpicks.com)
Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase leads , thereby leading to an accumulation of acetylcholine in the central and peripheral nervous system. (cdc.gov)

And in doing so, cocaine prevents the excess dopamine from being reabsorbed, effectively increasing the concentration of the neurotransmitter at a given time. (lighthouserecoverytx.com)

Carbonic anhydrase 4 disruption decreases synaptic and behavioral adaptations induced by cocaine withdrawal. (neurotree.org)

Cocaine inhibits the transient inward flux of sodium across the cell membrane during depolarization and causes local anesthesia. (medscape.com)

Ana Clara Bobadilla, a UW assistant professor in the School of Pharmacy and the WWAMI Medical Education Program, is lead author of a paper that found that the nucleus accumbens recruited by cocaine use are largely distinct from nucleus accumbens recruited by sucrose, or table sugar. (uwyo.edu)
Infralimbic projections to the nucleus accumbens shell and amygdala regulate the encoding of cocaine extinction learning. (neurotree.org)

Complications of cocaine use also include embolic disease (cerebral and in other organs). (medscape.com)

The behavioral assay was combined with simultaneous recordings from dozens of electrophysiologically identified units in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and ventral striatum (VS). We found significant relationships between cocaine cue-evoked pupil dilation and the proportion of inhibited principal cells in the mPFC and VS. Additionally, LFP coherence analysis revealed a significant correlation between pupillary response and synchrony in the 25-45 Hz frequency band. (eneuro.org)

Perform routine pregnancy testing for appropriate patients as physiologic changes in pregnancy may increase cocaine toxicity. (medscape.com)
Accordingly, a rehabilitation programme trying to increase motor inhibition might be helpful to deal in a different way with the usual cue reactivity related to alcoholism such as being proposed a drink in a group, shopping and seeing bottles, etc. (health.am)

2006 More specifically we forecast that cocaine exposure during the conditioning phase of CPP relieves HDAC3-mediated repression of genes necessary for the contextual association that leads to acquisition. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
In acute cocaine exposure, the vasoconstrictive action of the drug seems to have the predominant effect. (medscape.com)
Thus, unless pre-exposure levels are available for comparison, only a level of inhibition greater than that due to interindividual variability (about 25% for RBC cholinesterase) can be considered significant. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy4

Organisms4

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs24

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment6

Psychiatry and Psychology20

Phenomena and Processes4

Health Care2

Amphetamine4

Long-term effects of coca1

Significant inhibition1

Reuptake3

Short-term effects of coca2

Reinstatement of cocaine1

20023

Euphoria6

Acute cocaine toxicity2

Regulates cocaine-induced2

Methamphetamine2

Dopamine levels4

Behavioral inhibition9

Increases5

Relapse7

Mechanism7

Neurons5

Dependence5

MDMA2

Alertness1

Abstinence3

Addiction14

Controlled substance1

Chronic8

Disorders1

Effect of cocaine2

Administration of cocaine1

Cocaethylene1

Alcohol7

Psychiatry1

Crack cocaine1

Highly addictive substance2

Heroin1

Dorsal1

Neural2

Psychostimulants1

Mice9

Commonly3

Effects18

Potent1

Drugs3

Caffeine1

Glutamate2

Rats1

Abuse2

Behaviors1

Sensitization3

Inhibit1

Place preference1

Striatal1

Euphoric1

Nervous system2

Prevents1

Withdrawal1

Transient1

Nucleus2

Complications1

Ventral striatum1

Increase2

Exposure3