Kinase InhibitorKinasesCdksCDK4Conserved cyclin-dependComplexesDegradationInhibitorCDK2Phosphorylation of Rb proteinAngiogenesisColony formationSquamous cell carcMelanoma CellsPhosphorylateInhibitorsCellsMDM2ProgressionCdk1Protein kinaseBindsReplicationRegulationMAPKCDK6AutophagicArrestOverexpressionEnzymesActivityCheckpointMigrationApoptosisExpressionConcentrationsPhaseMitosisVivoBreast cancer
Kinase Inhibitor1
- Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Hog1 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) Far1 are both well-known for negatively regulating cell cycle progression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . (unl.edu)
Kinases7
- In addition to this catalytic core, Cdk1, like other cyclin-dependent kinases, contains a T-loop, which, in the absence of an interacting cyclin, prevents substrate binding to the Cdk1 active site. (wikipedia.org)
- Malumbres, M. Cyclin-dependent kinases. (nature.com)
- Among the major cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), Cdk1 is most abundantly expressed in IDG-SW3 cells, and its expression is down-regulated during differentiation into osteocytes. (lu.se)
- The p27 protein is a canonical negative regulator of cell proliferation and acts primarily by inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). (rcsb.org)
- We found that p27, when phosphorylated by tyrosine kinases, allosterically activated CDK4 in complex with cyclin D1 (CDK4-CycD1). (rcsb.org)
- Cyclins and cyclin dependent kinases, or CDK. (jove.com)
- Positive regulators include two protein groups that allow cells to pass through regulatory checkpoints: cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). (jove.com)
Cdks3
- Thus, levels of the four different cyclins vary in predictable patterns and combine with consistent CDKs at specific points to achieve forward momentum. (jove.com)
- Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) are proteins that bind to and inhibit the activity of CDKs. (prospecbio.com)
- The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p21 and p16 inhibit the activity of CDKs, such as CDK4. (medscape.com)
CDK43
- The p16 family (p15, p16, p18 and p19) binds to and inhibits the activities of CDK4 and CDK6. (prospecbio.com)
- The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)
- The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)
Conserved cyclin-depend1
- The cell cycle is a tightly regulated process that is controlled by the conserved cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-cyclin protein complex 1 . (nature.com)
Complexes4
- Cdk1-cyclin complexes are also governed by direct binding of Cdk inhibitor proteins (CKIs). (wikipedia.org)
- Lundberg, A. S. & Weinberg, R. A. Functional inactivation of the retinoblastoma protein requires sequential modification by at least two distinct cyclin-cdk complexes. (nature.com)
- The p21 family (p21, p27, p28 and p57) can bind to broad range of CDK-cyclin complexes and inhibit their activities. (prospecbio.com)
- Meanwhile, Far1 arrests or delays G 1 by directly inhibiting G 1 cyclin complexes in response to mating pheromones. (unl.edu)
Degradation4
- Cdk1 phosphorylation also leads to the activation of the ubiquitin-protein ligase APCCdc20, an activation which allows for chromatid segregation and, furthermore, degradation of M-phase cyclins. (wikipedia.org)
- Myo1b promotes tumor progression and angiogenesis by inhibiting autophagic degradation of HIF-1α in colorectal cancer. (nih.gov)
- In contrast, Dox treatment was found to induced cyclin B1 accumulation as a result of stimulating its synthesis and inhibiting its degradation. (aspetjournals.org)
- Activated Akt inhibited GSK3 and prevented proteasome-mediated cyclin D1 degradation in LeTx-intoxicated THP-1 cells. (uwo.ca)
Inhibitor4
- Additionally, the use of simvastatin plus classII histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor (MC1568) induced further overexpression of p27(KIP1) by inhibiting HDAC5 induction originated from downregulated EZH2 in CRC cells and synergistically led to considerable antiproliferative effects. (nih.gov)
- Several studies have shown that miRNAs play multiple roles in the phenotypic transformation, migration, and proliferation of VSMCs by inhibiting ERK1/2 activation [ 11 , 12 ], partly by regulating the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)-MMPs and p21-cyclins interactions [ 13 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Anticancer effects of the HDAC inhibitor, 3β,6β‑dihydroxyurs‑12‑en‑27‑oic acid, in MCF‑7 breast cancer cells via the inhibition of Akt/mTOR pathways. (iasp-pain.org)
- Roscovitine is a cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitor. (tocris.com)
CDK21
- Treatment with honey stops the tumour cells cycle by regulating some genes (cyclin D1, CDK2, p27Kip. (agenciasinc.es)
Phosphorylation of Rb protein1
- phosphorylation of Rb protein on Ser780 and Ser811 is inhibited by miR-503. (biomedcentral.com)
Angiogenesis1
- Cruciferous vegetables, which contain phytochemicals, inhibit a wide range of cancer-promoting cellular processes, including angiogenesis (new blood vessel growth), which is needed for tumor growth and fat tissue growth. (drfuhrman.com)
Colony formation1
- ACT‑3 and SAHA significantly inhibited the colony formation in MCF‑7 cells. (iasp-pain.org)
Squamous cell carc1
- Targeting MYO1B impairs tumorigenesis via inhibiting the SNAI2/cyclin D1 signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (nih.gov)
Melanoma Cells1
- Restoring p53 Function in Human Melanoma Cells by Inhibiting MDM2 and Cyclin B1/CDK1-Phosphorylated Nuclear iASPP. (ox.ac.uk)
Phosphorylate1
- Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE Ds (CDKDs) phosphorylate the C-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. (indexindex.com)
Inhibitors1
- Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
Cells9
- is known to exert anticancer effects, such as inducing cell cycle arrest, inhibiting metastasis, and overcoming immunotherapy resistance in breast cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
- The results, published in the Journal of Functional Foods, show that strawberry tree honey is capable of inhibiting the proliferation of tumour cells cultivated in laboratory plates - more specifically, those of a line of human colon adenocarcinoma (HCT-116) and another with metastatic characteristics (LoVo), widely used to investigate this type of tumour. (agenciasinc.es)
- Strawberry tree honey is capable of inhibiting the proliferation of tumour cells on a line of human colon adenocarcinoma (HCT-116) and another with metastatic characteristics (LoVo). (agenciasinc.es)
- Our research further revealed that inhibiting IRE1 activity in cancer-surveilling dendritic cells augments anti-tumor immunity. (gene.com)
- Laboratory studies have shown that Ganoderma lucidum enhances immune functions and also inhibits growth of various cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. (greenmedinfo.com)
- 2017. Rapamycin inhibits the secretory phenotype of senescent cells by a Nrf2-independent mechanism. . (oregonstate.edu)
- Cell cycle-dependent cytotoxicity, G2/M phase arrest, and disruption of p34cdc2/cyclin B1 activity induced by doxorubicin in synchronized P388 cells. (aspetjournals.org)
- It inhibits cytokine production and cell proliferation/differentiation in various immune cells. (uwo.ca)
- In occasional cells, this crossing over may lead to increased 12p copy number and overexpression of cyclin D2. (medscape.com)
MDM22
- MDM2 binds to and inhibits TP53 activity. (medscape.com)
- The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)
Progression3
- When bound to its cyclin partners, Cdk1 phosphorylation leads to cell cycle progression. (wikipedia.org)
- Statins may inhibit tumor progression via an EZH2-mediated epigenetic alteration, which results in survival benefits after resected CRC. (nih.gov)
- The results showed that Ganoderma lucidum inhibits cell growth and disruption of cell cycle progression via down regulation of cyclin D1. (greenmedinfo.com)
Cdk19
- Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 also known as CDK1 or cell division cycle protein 2 homolog is a highly conserved protein that functions as a serine/threonine protein kinase, and is a key player in cell cycle regulation. (wikipedia.org)
- Cdk1 also contains a PSTAIRE helix, which, upon cyclin binding, moves and rearranges the active site, facilitating Cdk1 kinase activities. (wikipedia.org)
- however, when phosphorylated by Cln3-Cdk1, Whi5 is ejected from the nucleus, allowing for transcription of the G1/S regulon, which includes the G1/S cyclins Cln1,2. (wikipedia.org)
- G1/S cyclin-Cdk1 activity leads to preparation for S phase entry (e.g., duplication of centromeres or the spindle pole body), and a rise in the S cyclins (Clb5,6 in S. cerevisiae). (wikipedia.org)
- Most obviously, Cdk1 is regulated by its binding with its cyclin partners. (wikipedia.org)
- furthermore, cyclins impart specificity to Cdk1 activity. (wikipedia.org)
- Furthermore, cyclins can target Cdk1 to particular subcellular locations. (wikipedia.org)
- In addition to regulation by cyclins, Cdk1 is regulated by phosphorylation. (wikipedia.org)
- Pthlh expression increases during differentiation, but inhibiting CDK1 activity reduces Pthlh expression. (lu.se)
Protein kinase1
- AA and the extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) blocker U0126 markedly inhibited migration, elevated smooth muscle 22 α (SM22 α ) expression, repressed VSMC proliferation, elevated miR-466f-3p and miR-425-3p expression, and suppressed miR-27a-5p and miR-128-5p expression in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs. (hindawi.com)
Binds1
- For instance, during G1, when one type of cyclin, named D, is synthesized and binds to a CDK, the cell transitions into S phase, as another cyclin, E, peaks and forms a complex with CDK to promote DNA replication. (jove.com)
Replication1
- Concurrent deletion of cyclin E1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 in hepatocytes inhibits DNA replication and liver regeneration in mice. (nature.com)
Regulation2
- Our results suggest that anthracycline-induced cytotoxicity is cell cycle dependent and is mediated, at least in part, by disturbance of the regulation of p34cdc2/cyclin B1 complex, thus leading to G2/M phase arrest. (aspetjournals.org)
- In human monocytic cell lines U-937 and THP-1, LeTx induced cell cycle arrest in Go-Gi phase by rapid down-regulation of cyclin D1/D2 and checkpoint kinase 1 through MEK1 inhibition. (uwo.ca)
MAPK1
- In addition, AKT/mTOR signaling and MAPK signaling were inhibited by JIB extract to suppress melanoma cell growth and proliferation. (medsci.org)
CDK61
- miR-503 inhibited significantly the expression of CDK6 and the downstream genes of E2F3. (biomedcentral.com)
Autophagic1
- Additionally, ACT‑3 significantly increased autophagic cell death by inhibiting the serine‑threonine kinase/mammalian target of the rapamycin pathway. (iasp-pain.org)
Arrest2
- JIB extract induced cell cycle arrest at the G 0 /G 1 phase and decreased cyclin and cdk protein expressions. (medsci.org)
- Cell-cycle arrest was associated with the engagement of checkpoint kinase 2-cell division cycle 25C-cyclin-dependent kinase 1/cyclin B1 signaling. (bioone.org)
Overexpression1
- Overexpression of JAM3 or recombinant JAM3 protein enhanced trophoblast adhesion and migration, which were inhibited by JAM3 knockdown. (bioone.org)
Enzymes1
Activity4
- Fig. 4: Pirfenidone inhibits p38γ activity and protects against DEN-induced HCC. (nature.com)
- The anticancer activity of 3β,6β‑dihydroxyurs‑12‑en‑27‑oic acid (ACT‑3), a major component isolated from , has not yet been investigated in detail. (iasp-pain.org)
- ACT‑3 inhibited total HDAC activity in a dose‑dependent manner. (iasp-pain.org)
- In a cell-free system, Dox did not inhibit p34cdc2 kinase activity, indicating that is has no direct effect on the enzyme function. (aspetjournals.org)
Checkpoint1
- Generally, levels of a given cyclin are low during most of the cell cycle but abruptly increase at the checkpoint they most contribute to (G 1 cyclins are an exception, as they are required throughout the cell cycle). (jove.com)
Migration2
- Our research showed that the migration, phenotypic transformation, and proliferation of ox-LDL-induced VSMCs were repressed by AA through inhibiting miR-128-5p by targeting the p21 gene, which may provide an effective option for the treatment of atherosclerosis. (hindawi.com)
- it inhibits cell migration, reduces the ability to form colonies and induces apoptosis or programmed cell death through the modulation of other key genes (p53, caspase-3, c-PARP) and various apoptotic factors," says Maurizio Battino, coordinator of the research. (agenciasinc.es)
Apoptosis1
- JAM3 knockdown additionally inhibited trophoblast proliferation and increased the number of trophoblasts in the sub-G1 and G2/M phases, indicating cell-cycle disturbance and apoptosis. (bioone.org)
Expression3
- All-trans retinoic acid inhibits HOXA7 expression in leukemia cell NB4. (nih.gov)
- ACT‑3 significantly reduced the expression levels of cyclin D1 and cyclin‑dependent kinase 4, and upregulated the expression levels of p21 and p53. (iasp-pain.org)
- Epigenetic Downregulation of Hsa-miR-193b-3p Increases Cyclin D1 Expression Level and Cell Proliferation in Human Meningiomas. (cdc.gov)
Concentrations1
Phase6
- however, they are inhibited by Sic1, preventing premature S phase initiation. (wikipedia.org)
- In most cases, when a cyclin is degraded, the CDK is inactivated, signaling the end of a particular phase. (jove.com)
- Cyclins can be categorized as G 1 , G 1 /S, S, or M cyclins based on the cell cycle phase or transition they are most involved in. (jove.com)
- Existing data suggests that Hog1 arrests or delays cell cycle phase G 1 and also delays cell cycle phase G 2 by indirectly inhibiting and downregulating the transcription of cyclins in response to osmotic stress. (unl.edu)
- We then studied the effect of Dox on the p34cdc2/cyclin B1 complex because it plays a key role in regulating G2/M phase transition. (aspetjournals.org)
- Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 is a key regulator of G1 PHASE of the CELL CYCLE. (bvsalud.org)
Mitosis1
- This destruction of M cyclins leads to the final events of mitosis (e.g., spindle disassembly, mitotic exit). (wikipedia.org)
Vivo1
- Inhibits phosphorylation of vimentin in vivo . (tocris.com)
Breast cancer1
- substances that inhibit the production of estrogen, which can reduce breast cancer risk. (drfuhrman.com)