OrchitisEpididymisRight testisMumpsTesticularSpermaticScrotumTunicaTorsionVirus infectsAcuteOxidative stressSertoliInfection and inflammationProstateTendernessAndrogenTissuesPosteriorDeferensInfarctionAtrophyOvariesLiverUrethralUrethraReceptorsProgressesLesionsTumorsReproductive healthMyocarditisScrotalPainMetabolicBrainInflammatoryGerm cellApoptoticTestosteroneFindingsAdultHarborLong axisAlterationsPainfulBloodMale
Orchitis10
- Orchitis is inflammation of the testes. (wikipedia.org)
- If the testis is involved, the condition is called epididymo-orchitis . (medscape.com)
- Complications associated with mumps include orchitis (inflammation of the testes), meningitis, pancreatitis, and deafness. (cdc.gov)
- Therefore, methane exerts therapeutic effects on acute orchitis and might be a new and convenient strategy for the treatment of inflammation-related testicular diseases. (hindawi.com)
- Orchitis is inflammation of the testis (testicle) or testes (testicles). (andrology.org)
- Orchitis doesn't often occur alone it's usually accompanied by inflammation of the epididymis (epididymo-orchitis). (andrology.org)
- Orchitis on its own, without inflammation of the epididymis, is most often caused by viral infection that reaches the testes through the bloodstream. (andrology.org)
- Orchitis can affect the function of the affected testis, so changes in your testosterone levels or sperm production can occur for a while. (andrology.org)
- If your orchitis is caused by mumps, your affected testis (or testes) can become smaller because of damage from the infection and inflammation. (andrology.org)
- Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis (the coiled tube on top of the testis that provides the space and environment for sperm to mature), and epididymo-orchitis is inflammation of the epididymis and testes. (merckmanuals.com)
Epididymis12
- The epididymis is a coiled, tubular structure located along the posterior aspect of the testis. (medscape.com)
- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), acute epididymitis consists of pain, swelling, and inflammation of the epididymis lasting less than 6 weeks. (medscape.com)
- The image demonstrates increased blood flow in the epididymis resulting from the active inflammation. (medscape.com)
- The male will present with severe inflammation and/or infection of the epididymis (that part of the testicle where sperm matures and is stored). (akc.org)
- The deformity leads to inadequate posterior fixation of the testis to the epididymis and scrotal wall. (aafp.org)
- Retrograde infection from the urethra via the vas deferens to the epididymis and testis. (pediatriconcall.com)
- At times the pain is not very severe and gradually supporting and lifting the epididymis with the palm of the hand may give relief to the child again a sign of inflammation. (pediatriconcall.com)
- An image depicting the testes and epididymis can be seen below. (medscape.com)
- The tunica vaginalis testis (a remnant of the processus vaginalis) envelopes the testis in a double layer, except at the superior and posterior borders where the spermatic cord and epididymis adhere to the testes. (medscape.com)
- The visceral layer of the tunica vaginalis testis is closely applied to the testis, epididymis, and ductus deferens. (medscape.com)
- On the posterolateral surface of the testis, this layer invests a slit-like recess between the body of the epididymis and the testis that is called the sinus of epididymis. (medscape.com)
- The epididymal head overhangs the upper pole of the testis, receives the seminal fluid from the ducts of the testis (which pierce the upper portion of the mediastinum), then allows the passage of the sperm into the distal portion of the epididymis. (medscape.com)
Right testis4
- Why does sometimes my right testis veins swells and pain after urination? (healthtap.com)
- Next day morning, he came again to the hospital and repeated same complains but additionally he was also complaining of heaviness in his right testis despite of all medications. (lupinepublishers.com)
- His scrotum was also examined which was absolutely normal except tenderness present in right testis. (lupinepublishers.com)
- Superiorly, it is suspended by the spermatic cord, with the left testis often sitting lower than the right testis. (medscape.com)
Mumps2
- Isolated inflammation of the testis is commonly caused by associated mumps infection (a viral infection of the parotid glands). (nails-beauty.de)
- Bacterial or viral infections, such as Brucella, mumps virus, herpes simplex virus, and Zika virus, destroy immune homeostasis of the testes, leading to spermatogenesis disorder and infertility. (bvsalud.org)
Testicular12
- The patient should perform the Valsalva maneuver while standing so he can be evaluated for a mass of dilated testicular veins in the spermatic cord forming a varicocele above and behind the testis. (aafp.org)
- In this disorder, incomplete attachment of the gubernaculum and testicular tunics to dartos fascia causes the cord to twist above the level of the testis and tunica vaginalis. (aafp.org)
- Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are majorly sourced from macrophages [ 5 ], may be the major contributory factors leading to testicular cell apoptosis and acute inflammation of testes [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Additionally, it has been shown that the PK2/PKR1 pathway contributes to the development of testicular inflammation [ 7 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
- In contrast, tumors arising in the retroperitoneum are virtually always associated with premalignant lesions in one of the testes and behave clinically similar to metastatic testicular seminomas. (medscape.com)
- Ex vivo exposure of first trimester testes to CBD, THC, or CBD/THC [ratio 1:1] at 10 −7 to 10 −5 M altered testosterone secretion by Leydig cells, AMH secretion by Sertoli cells, and impacted testicular cell proliferation and viability as early as 72 h post-exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
- The infection and subsequent inflammation lead to pain and swelling in the testicular region very similar to that in torsion. (pediatriconcall.com)
- The time from the onset when the study is done, after 6-9 hours, there is an excess blood flow around the testicular region and could be mistaken for EO and the boy is conserved with the poor results and the testis is atrophic and functionless later in life. (pediatriconcall.com)
- Testicular torsion is an acute emergency condition that warrants urgent diagnosis to save the testis from fatal infarction. (lupinepublishers.com)
- The aetiological factors for oligoasthenospermia include - testicular causes as well as environmental problems while sperms are being transferred or stored, like inflammation or varicocoele. (ndtv.com)
- RESULTS: We found that SARS-CoV-2 testicular tropism is higher than previously thought and that reliable viral detection in the testis requires sensitive nanosensors or RT-qPCR using a specific methodology. (bvsalud.org)
- Through an in vitro experiment exposing VERO cells to testicular macerates, we observed viral content in all samples, and the subgenomic RNA's presence reinforced the replicative activity of SARS-CoV-2 in testes of the severe COVID-19 patients. (bvsalud.org)
Spermatic1
Scrotum6
- The cause is a congenital anomaly wherein, the testis after descending into the scrotum is not fixed in place and is mobile. (pediatriconcall.com)
- The purpose of presenting this case is to emphasize the early intervention of Color Doppler study of scrotum to avoid delayed surgical corrective measures which, if taken on time, could have saved the testis. (lupinepublishers.com)
- We strongly recommend that Testis must be examined by the consulting physician in all patients presenting with nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain and if found tender, the immediate ultrasonography of the scrotum with color doppler imaging should be done. (lupinepublishers.com)
- Over the last 3 months of gestation, the testis must course its way down from its original retroperitoneal position to its final destination in the scrotum. (medscape.com)
- The testis is a paired, ovoid male reproductive organ that sits in the scrotum, separated from its mate by a scrotal septum. (medscape.com)
- Inferiorly, the testis is anchored to the scrotum by the scrotal ligament, a remnant of the gubernaculum. (medscape.com)
Tunica3
- This anomaly is known as the "bell-clapper" deformity, in which the tunica vaginalis completely surrounds the testis. (aafp.org)
- Inflammation of the tunica vaginalis testis. (wordinfo.info)
- Deep to the tunica vaginalis, the tunica albuginea is a tough, fibrous outer covering of the testis. (medscape.com)
Torsion7
- During a torsion of the testes, this cord twists. (healthline.com)
- Bilateral torsion, when both testes are simultaneously affected, is extremely rare. (healthline.com)
- Torsion of the testes is a medical emergency, but many adolescents are hesitant to say that they're hurting or seek treatment right away. (healthline.com)
- The free-floating testis is more likely to twist on its cord and strangulate its blood supply through intra-vaginal torsion. (aafp.org)
- On the other hand absence of the reflex does not necessarily mean the only torsion as the inflammation and edema due to the infection can temporarily make the cremaster inactive. (pediatriconcall.com)
- A Color Doppler study for the blood supply to the testis will show no blood flow in the case of Torsion but excess blood flow in EO. (pediatriconcall.com)
- The first reported case of torsion of an undescended testis was published in 1840 [1]. (lupinepublishers.com)
Virus infects2
- Fever is sometimes present, and in adult males, complications may occur if the virus infects the testis. (cliffsnotes.com)
- The virus infects Sertoli cells in the testis and causes inflammation leading to structural damage and breakdown of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in mice. (nih.gov)
Acute2
- Pathological study of infected tissues revealed sections of parasite, severe acute and chronic inflammation, fibrosis and atrophy. (scialert.net)
- To create acute skin inflammation, an H2O2 producing enzyme, glucose oxidase conjugated to polyethylene glycol (GOD-PEG), was injected intradermally. (cdc.gov)
Oxidative stress3
- Cd exposure is strongly associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, antioxidant depletion, and liver cells apoptosis. (springer.com)
- NAC can protect liver tissue against Cd by elevating antioxidants capacity, mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as down-regulating of apoptotic genes. (springer.com)
- Ricardo Delgado: Yesterday we talked about the toxicity of graphene and that it causes thrombi, clots, post-inflammatory syndrome, alteration of the immune system, alteration of oxidative stress, an increase of associative and cytokine storms, probably bilateral pneumonia as a consequence of uniform dissemination through the alveolar tract, inflammation of mucous membranes, and we also talked about the toxicity it (graphene oxide) causes in sperm. (markcrispinmiller.com)
Sertoli4
- The two key somatic cell types in the testis, Leydig and Sertoli cells, express melatonergic receptors. (preprints.org)
- The receptor is also expressed at high levels in the human testis, where it is found in both Sertoli and Leydig cells. (nih.gov)
- Depending on the molecules and testis age, highly deleterious effects of phytocannabinoid exposure were observed on testis tissue after 14 days, including Sertoli and germ cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
- On the other hand, laminin-333 comprised of laminin-α3/ß3/γ3 at the apical ES (ectoplasmic specialization, a testis-specific cell-cell adherens junction at the Sertoli cell-step 8-19 spermatid interface) expressed by spermatids serves as a unique cell adhesion protein that forms an adhesion complex with α6ß1-integrin expressed by Sertoli cells to support spermiogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
Infection and inflammation1
- Recent researches have demonstrated that infection and inflammation of the testes are one of the major contributors to male infertility, accounting for ~15% of cases of male infertility [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Prostate3
- Infected males may also develop prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland), with clinical symptoms of difficulty urinating and defecating. (akc.org)
- Medications may help if there is inflammation of the testicles, prostate or urethra. (issm.info)
- In males, it may cause inflammation of the prostate gland or testes, both of which play a role in semen production and fertility. (britannica.com)
Tenderness1
- The testes should be palpated for masses, equal volume, tenderness or cryptorchidism. (aafp.org)
Androgen1
- Anabolic and progress smoothly through four distinct phases: steroids exert their effect when bound to androgen hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodel- receptors with activation of deoxyribonucleic acid ing (Kumara Swamy et al. (sagepub.com)
Tissues4
- Melatonin released from the pineal gland to the circulation is taken up by peripheral tissues including testes. (preprints.org)
- Inflammation of the connective tissues around the eyes. (wordinfo.info)
- 2) the discovery of a highly toxic substance in these covid vaxxines, Graphene Oxide (GO), causes major inflammation and damages the testes and other tissues and organs. (markcrispinmiller.com)
- This may explain the damage to cells and ultimately the tissues they form, such as the inner lining of blood vessels, heart muscle, kidneys, ovaries, testes and basically any organ that displays the spike protein. (whatreallyhappened.com)
Posterior2
- On the posterior surface, it is reflected inwardly to form an incomplete vertical septum called the mediastinum testis. (medscape.com)
- Located on the posterior border of the testis, it is composed of 3 parts, including the head (caput), body (corpora), and tail (cauda). (medscape.com)
Deferens1
- It allows for storage, maturation, and transport of sperm, connecting the efferent ducts of the testis to the vas deferens. (medscape.com)
Infarction1
- As this progresses, the total blood supply of the testis is cut off leading to gangrene or infarction of the testis. (pediatriconcall.com)
Atrophy1
- This makes the testis atrophy and lose all functions. (pediatriconcall.com)
Ovaries2
- Additionally, CBD can affect the function of the ovaries and testes, which can improve sperm quality and increase the chances of conception. (mainevocals.net)
- CBD can also improve the function of the ovaries and testes, which can increase the chances of conception. (mainevocals.net)
Liver1
Urethral1
- The term is typically reserved to describe urethral inflammation caused by an STD, and the condition is normally categorized into either gonococcal urethritis (GU) or nongonococcal urethritis (NGU). (medscape.com)
Urethra2
- Urethritis - inflammation of urethra, the tube that semen passes through when a man ejaculates. (issm.info)
- Urethritis is defined as infection-induced inflammation of the urethra. (medscape.com)
Receptors2
- We demonstrate the presence in the human fetal testis of two key endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) and to a lower level anandamide (AEA), as well as a range of enzymes and receptors for the ECS. (biomedcentral.com)
- BACKGROUND: Cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to rely on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, whose expression in the testis is among the highest in the body. (bvsalud.org)
Progresses1
- As the infection progresses, the testes become firm and shrunken. (akc.org)
Lesions1
- It (graphene oxide) accumulates in the testes causing inflammation, nodules, and lesions. (markcrispinmiller.com)
Tumors1
- While macrophage-induced inflammation is crucial for the response to pathogen infection, excessive or sustained inflammation can cause tissue damage and may lead to different conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and tumors 2 . (nature.com)
Reproductive health1
- Additionally, the risk of mortality seems higher among male COVID-19 patients, and though much has been published since the first cases of COVID-19, there remain unanswered questions regarding SARS-CoV-2 impact on testes and potential consequences for reproductive health. (bvsalud.org)
Myocarditis1
- myocarditis, inflammation of the heart muscle, or myocardium. (britannica.com)
Scrotal2
- Funiculitis, an inflammation of cord structures, may cause inguinal or scrotal pain, but the testis is normal. (aafp.org)
- Signs of scrotal herniation are closely related to the pathophysiology of incarceration and strangulation, so these include local pain, swelling and inflammation. (vin.com)
Pain2
- He may feel pain between his anus and genitals or in his testes. (issm.info)
- CBD can also reduce pain and inflammation associated with conditions such as endometriosis. (mainevocals.net)
Metabolic1
- Mitochondrial response to inflammation is crucial in the metabolic adaptation to infection. (nature.com)
Brain2
- Cannabis action is mediated by the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which expression is well established in the brain but unknown in the developing testis. (biomedcentral.com)
- The infection may also affect the testes, brain, and pancreas, especially in adolescents and adults. (msdmanuals.com)
Inflammatory4
- Inflammatory cytokines in the testes and serum, including interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β ), IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), were measured using ELISA and RT-qPCR. (hindawi.com)
- CBD has anti-inflammatory properties, which can reduce inflammation in the reproductive organs and improve fertility. (mainevocals.net)
- Switching to an anti-inflammatory diet - The last thing you want is to trigger inflammation. (uppercervicalawareness.com)
- Furthermore, immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) analysis indicated that SPRY1 binds to nuclear factor kappa B1 (NF-κB1) to prevent nuclear translocation of p65, inhibit activation of NF-κB signaling, prevent excessive inflammatory reaction in the testis, and protect the integrity of the blood-testis barrier. (bvsalud.org)
Germ cell1
- Seminoma is the most common pure germ cell tumor (GCT) of the testis, accounting for up to 50% of cases. (medscape.com)
Apoptotic1
- It was found that methane significantly prolonged rat survival, decreased the W/D ratio, alleviated LPS-induced histological changes, and reduced apoptotic cells in the testes. (hindawi.com)
Testosterone2
- We have studied the effect of porcine testis steroid extract (PTSE), an extract of porcine testes, which holds a good ratio of 19-nortestosterone (nandrolone), testosterone, androstenedione, 17b-estradiol, and estrone, on the healing rate of a standardized full-thickness linear wound on the back of the rat. (sagepub.com)
- As the fetus develops, the functioning testis produces the male hormone testosterone to allow development of male genitalia. (medscape.com)
Findings1
- Importantly, our findings suggest that patients who become critically ill may exhibit severe alterations and harbor the active virus in the testes. (bvsalud.org)
Adult2
- In adult rat testes, the basement membrane is structurally constituted by laminin and collagen chains that lay adjacent to the blood-testis barrier (BTB). (bvsalud.org)
- Described by some as being shaped and sized like a large olive or small plum, the average volume of the adult testis is approximately 25 mL. (medscape.com)
Harbor1
- One hypothesis is that the testes may harbor SARS-CoV-2 in men, providing it sanctuary from the immune system, beyond the BTB. (nih.gov)
Long axis2
- The testis is free to rotate along its long axis - this in turn leads to a twisting of the blood vessels of the testis and cutting off of the blood supply to the testis. (pediatriconcall.com)
- Smooth to palpation, the testis sits obliquely with its long axis mostly vertical with a slight anterior and lateral slant to the superior pole. (medscape.com)
Alterations1
- The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of multiple exposomal factors (genetics, lifestyle factors, environmental/occupational exposures) on pulmonary inflammation and corresponding alterations in local/systemic immune parameters. (cdc.gov)
Painful1
- In the early phase of infection, the testes will be enlarged and painful. (akc.org)
Blood2
- This twisting also obliterates the blood supply to the testis. (aafp.org)
- is sometimes used to assess blood flow to the testes. (merckmanuals.com)
Male3
- Intradermal administration of GOD-PEG to B6C3F1 mice (female and male, 8-12 weeks old) resulted in inflammation and muscle fiber necrosis in the skin. (cdc.gov)
- Our study is the first to evidence the presence of the ECS in the human fetal testis and to highlight the potential adverse effect of cannabis consumption by pregnant women onto the development of the male gonad. (biomedcentral.com)
- The testis (from the Greek word orchis ) is the male gland important for both reproductive (exocrine) and endocrine functions. (medscape.com)