AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHumanitiesInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Obesity, AbdominalWaist CircumferenceObesityAbdominal FatBody Mass IndexWaist-Hip RatioMetabolic Syndrome XAnthropometryInflammationAbdomenAdiposityRisk FactorsBody ConstitutionCross-Sectional StudiesOverweightBody Weights and MeasuresBody CompositionCardiovascular DiseasesInsulin ResistanceIntra-Abdominal FatBody Fat DistributionPrevalenceAdipose TissueBlood GlucoseBody WeightDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Sex FactorsBody SizeBody HeightTriglyceridesProspective StudiesCholesterol, HDLLipidsLife StyleSkinfold ThicknessReproducibility of ResultsCohort StudiesBlood PressureLinear ModelsAsian Continental Ancestry GroupHypertensionWeight LossDietObesity, MorbidMetabolic DiseasesHypertriglyceridemiaBiological MarkersC-Reactive ProteinAge FactorsAdiponectinSuperficial Back MusclesExerciseLogistic ModelsBrazilInsulinChinaObserver VariationDiabetes MellitusFollow-Up StudiesPredictive Value of TestsWeight GainDyslipidemiasOdds RatioROC CurveFastingLongitudinal StudiesTime FactorsNutrition SurveysPediatric ObesityReference ValuesRegression AnalysisGlucose Tolerance TestJapanEuropean Continental Ancestry GroupQuestionnairesRisk AssessmentSedentary LifestyleInflammation MediatorsLeptinMotor ActivityRepublic of KoreaMultivariate AnalysisEnergy IntakeGlucose IntoleranceUnited StatesScrotumFood HabitsThinnessHealth SurveysSex DistributionIndiaCholesterol, LDLHeadSmokingCase-Control StudiesKoreaAbsorptiometry, PhotonTreatment OutcomeAfrican Continental Ancestry GroupPregnancy
Insulin resistanceAdipose tissuePrevalenceMetabolic syndromeCentral obesityHypertensionType 2 diabetDiabetesEpidemicOxidative stressVisceral abdominalSystemic inflammationSeveritySerumRise in obesityIncrease in obesityOsteoporosis and obesityAdiposityMetabolismSignificantly higher bodyGlucoseLeptinHypertriglyceridemiaAssessIncreasesHomeostasisRatioSarcopeniaAtherosclerosisStronglyAdjustmentUltrasonographyPathophysiologicalGeneRelationshipParticipantsClosely relatedChronic diseasesClinicalComorbiditiesParticipatesEpidemiologicalTissuePosesRisk factorStudyBaselineFactorsFindingsBody MassLevelsEpithelial
Insulin resistance11
Adipose tissue10
Prevalence8
Metabolic syndrome13
  • VAV is assumed to be metabolically more active than SAV, and is involved in production of cytokines and release of free fatty acids that contribute to inflammation and alterations in insulin metabolism associated with metabolic syndrome and risk of EC [ 8 , 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It has been shown that traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome modify the structural and functional characteristics of arteries reducing their compliance and increasing arterial stiffness. (dovepress.com)
  • The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of metabolic risk factors (including hypertension, dyslipidaemia, abdominal obesity and impaired glucose metabolism), which is associated with a twofold increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (Ford, 2005), and an even higher risk of T2DM (Grundy, 2008). (bhma.org)
  • We examined the utility of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference to identify metabolic syndrome in adolescent girls. (cdc.gov)
  • Participants were designated as having metabolic syndrome if they met criteria for 3 of 5 variables: 1) high blood pressure, 2) low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, 3) high fasting blood glucose level, 4) high waist circumference, and 5) high triglyceride level. (cdc.gov)
  • We predicted the likelihood of the presence of metabolic syndrome by using previously established cutpoints of BMI and waist circumference. (cdc.gov)
  • 001). Girls with a waist circumference above the cutpoint were more likely than girls with a waist circumference below the cutpoint to have metabolic syndrome ( P = .002). (cdc.gov)
  • Stepwise regression showed that only waist circumference significantly predicted metabolic syndrome. (cdc.gov)
  • Both anthropometric measures were useful screening tools to identify metabolic syndrome. (cdc.gov)
  • Waist circumference was a better predictor of metabolic syndrome than was BMI in our study sample of predominantly African American female adolescents living in an urban area. (cdc.gov)
  • Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and obesity, mainly visceral obesity, are associated with increased mortality due to Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Metabolic syndrome (MS) comprises central obesity, increased plasma glucose levels, hyperlipidemia and hypertension, and its incidence is increasing due to changes in lifestyle and dietary structure in recent years. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we have reviewed recent studies concerning the role of the gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome and the effects of probiotic bacterial strains and prebiotics on the prevention or treatment of metabolic syndrome, such as their anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects and their ability to improve glycemic control and modulate serum lipids. (biomedcentral.com)
Central obesity5
Hypertension1
Type 2 diabet4
Diabetes8
  • Researchers first started to focus on abdominal obesity in the 1980s when they realized it had an important connection to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • High consumption of red and processed meats, dairy products and sweets is associated with an increased risk of diabetes, independent of obesity, physical activity, age, or family history. (cupcoffeeco.com)
  • Although we live in a different world today, we continue to consume foods rich in fat, sugar, and cholesterol - foods that have been linked to increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and obesity. (cupcoffeeco.com)
  • That a gene involved in obesity and diabetes has a direct effect on DNA in specific regions of the brain is very exciting. (richardpettymd.com)
  • The moderate analyses revealed significantly interaction effect of 25(OH)D and glucagon on C-p ( P =0.0124), as well as the effect of 25(OH)D and duration of diabetes on glucagon/C-p in abdominal obesity group. (researchsquare.com)
  • Duration of diabetes influence the effect of 25(OH)D on the ratio of glucagon/C-p, on behalf of islet function homeostasis, in T2D patients with abdominal obesity. (researchsquare.com)
  • All participants were apparently healthy and exclusion criteria were as follows: diabetes, secondary causes of obesity, chronic diseases or chronic medication as steroids, and acute infection. (springeropen.com)
  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver sickness (NAFLD) is a variety of liver pathological conditions that intensely related to other chronic diseases including obesity and diabetes. (egyptianjournal.xyz)
Epidemic3
  • With a global epidemic in obesity, time is of the essence to make lasting improvements to patient care. (bhma.org)
  • The obesity epidemic is the wide of the century, with a multifactor origin. (isciii.es)
  • Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally and is a major contributor to the global burden of chronic diseases. (researchpaper.sbs)
Oxidative stress2
  • Repetitive apneic episodes disrupt the normal physiologic function and trigger sympathetic activation, vascular endothelial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, inflammation, increased platelet aggregability, and metabolic dysregulation. (hindawi.com)
  • CONCLUSION: These results suggest that LAB has beneficial effects on the diabetic nephropathy in OLETF rats by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation as potent as losartan. (e-dmj.org)
Visceral abdominal1
  • Obesity is quantified with the body mass index (BMI), yet BMI does not reflect the fat distribution in the visceral abdominal volume (VAV) and subcutaneous abdominal volume (SAV). (biomedcentral.com)
Systemic inflammation1
Severity4
  • Aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the severity of psoriasis and obesity based on the analysis of the visceral fat index and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and resistin. (bvsalud.org)
  • Visceral fat index was a better indicator of the relationship between psoriasis severity and obesity than waist circumference and body mass index. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2 Obesity will increase the load on the knee and hip, the resulting effect on the joint could well be responsible for the degeneration of the cartilage as measured by grade of severity in a study of OA patients. (isciii.es)
  • The severity, the symptoms, the impairment in physical function and the progression of OA may also be partly mediated by the extent of chronic inflammation in OA patients [ 6 , 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Serum5
  • Serum omega-3 fatty acid levels were measured with the gas chromatography method. (frontiersin.org)
  • This study shows that serum estradiol is correlated with BMI and other fat-distribution measures in postmenopausal endometrial cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, neither serum sex steroids nor lipid levels were measured in these studies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Anthropometric indices, biochemical parameters, serum 25(OH)D, and islet function including C-peptide (C-p) and glucagon were measured. (researchsquare.com)
  • From IVCCM, we measured corneal nerve density, branch, and tortuosity, total corneal/epithelial thickness, and the number of endothelial/keratocyte cells, and we checked patients' biochemical profiles and serum and tear NGF levels. (e-dmj.org)
Rise in obesity1
Increase in obesity1
Osteoporosis and obesity1
  • However, whether the concurrent existence of sarcopenia, osteoporosis and obesity leads to an increased risk of adverse musculoskeletal outcomes and mortality above and beyond the risks associated with the sum of the component parts remains to be proven and is a question of research interest. (springer.com)
Adiposity1
  • The co-existence of impaired bone health (osteopenia/osteoporosis), reduced muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia), and increased adiposity (obesity) in middle-aged and older people has been identified in recent studies, leading to a proposal for the existence of "osteosarcopenic obesity" as a distinct entity. (springer.com)
Metabolism2
  • The relation between obesity and cancer is complicated and involves alterations in insulin metabolism, response to inflammation and alterations in estradiol metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Visceral obesity is assumed to play the most important role in the first two mechanisms, but its role in estradiol metabolism is unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
Significantly higher body1
Glucose1
  • Abdominal fat is especially active hormonally, secreting a group of hormones called adipokines that may possibly impair glucose tolerance. (wikipedia.org)
Leptin1
  • 11 , 12 Visceral obesity is associated with hyperleptinemia, leptin-resistance and hypoadiponectinemia configuring a high cardiovascular risk phenotype. (dovepress.com)
Hypertriglyceridemia1
Assess4
  • Additionally, studies should assess whether the clinical outcomes associated with osteosarcopenic obesity are worse than the mere addition of those linked with its components. (springer.com)
  • Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between obesity, measured by body mass index, and death from any cause within 30 days after the index CDI test. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ABSTRACT To assess overall and abdominal obesity and their relation to periodontal disease among young adults, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured and clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival index (GI) and Community Periodontal Index (CPI) were estimated. (who.int)
  • High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a parameter that is used to assess inflammation and risk factor for cardiovascular events. (springeropen.com)
Increases1
Homeostasis1
  • Background Recent studies have associated several microRNAs (miRNAs) with childhood obesity and energy homeostasis, suggesting that an individual miRNA profile could be used as an early predictor to estimate the response to weight loss interventions in the design of precision nutrition. (unav.edu)
Ratio1
  • DNA methylation levels at the ABCG1 cg27243685 site positively correlated with plasma triglyceride concentration (r = 0.510, p = 0.008), body mass index (r = 0.556, p = 0.013) and waist-to-hip ratio (r = 0.504, p = 0.012) in SAT samples. (biomedcentral.com)
Sarcopenia1
Atherosclerosis3
  • A previous study in a sample of middle-aged men and women found that higher amounts of subcutaneous abdominal fat are associated with lower levels of subclinical atherosclerosis[ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among them, patients who had undergone thorough evaluations for carotid atherosclerosis and abdominal SFT and VFT were included in this study. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There is a recent line of research favoring hypothetic allergic mechanisms in the genesis of atherosclerosis and, consequently, coronary artery disease (CAD), among which Interleukin (IL)-17 appears to be a key cytokine regulating local tissue inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
Strongly1
  • Abdominal obesity has been strongly linked to cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and other metabolic and vascular diseases. (wikipedia.org)
Adjustment2
  • In partial correlation coefficient analyses between CIMT and abdominal fat thickness after adjustment for body mass index (BMI), SFT showed a negative correlation with CIMT in men (r = -0.27, p = 0.03). (biomedcentral.com)
  • 25(OH)D level was associated with HbA1c, glucagon and HOMA-β in non-abdominal obesity group after adjustment. (researchsquare.com)
Ultrasonography1
  • Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) and visceral fat thickness (VFT) were assessed by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography (US). (biomedcentral.com)
Pathophysiological1
Gene2
  • BACKGROUND: To determine the association of the A55T and K153R polymorphisms of the Myostatin gene with obesity, abdominal obesity and lean body mass (LBM) in Asian Indians in north India. (keyopinionleaders.com)
  • This particular gene was of great interest because the genetic variant in FTO that predisposes to obesity is very common in the population. (richardpettymd.com)
Relationship2
  • Recent studies have also shown an association between mid-life obesity and dementia, but the relationship between later life obesity and dementia is less clear. (wikipedia.org)
  • We hypothesized that obesity would demonstrate a non-linear relationship with mortality, in which underweight and obese patients would have higher mortality compared to normal weight individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
Participants3
Closely related1
  • Abdominal obesity was more closely related with metabolic dysfunctions connected with cardiovascular disease than was general obesity. (wikipedia.org)
Chronic diseases1
  • Increased body fat can be present either as an overt overweight/obesity or fat redistributed into visceral organs and/or fat infiltrated into bone and muscle, which occurs especially with age and some chronic diseases [ 3 , 4 ]. (springer.com)
Clinical1
  • We conclude that, there is insufficient evidence to support a discrete clinical entity of osteosarcopenic obesity at this time. (springer.com)
Comorbidities2
Participates2
  • Conclusions Bioinformatic analysis evidenced that miR-221-3p participates in several obesity-related pathways, and more interestingly, this miRNA targets several candidate genes to childhood obesity according to DisGeNet database. (unav.edu)
  • Our results indicate that Notch signaling participates as the negative regulator of osteoclast activity during inflammation, which may be relevant in immune and bone diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Epidemiological2
  • To expand knowledge and understanding in this area, there is a need for consensus on a definition of osteosarcopenic obesity which will allow for identification, further epidemiological studies and comparisons between studies. (springer.com)
  • Epidemiological studies have shown obesity to be an important risk factor for the development of knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA). (isciii.es)
Tissue2
  • Figure 1.1 shows a combination of genetic and environmental culprits triggering activation of intestinal immune and non-immune systems which culminate in inflammation and tissue damage. (ukessays.com)
  • The main function of Interleukin (IL)-17 appears to be the regulation of local tissue inflammation via the coordinated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. (biomedcentral.com)
Poses1
Risk factor6
  • Obesity is associated with increased risk for death in most infections but has not been studied as a risk factor for mortality in Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study tested obesity as a risk factor for death in patients hospitalized with CDI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Obesity has not previously been studied as a risk factor for complications and mortality in CDI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1 In fact, obesity is probably the single most important risk factor for the development of severe OA of the knee, more so than other potential predisposing factors, including heredity. (isciii.es)
  • Katzmarzyk et al previously published sex-, age-, and race/ethnicity-specific body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference cutpoints to identify adolescents at risk for CVD risk factor clustering ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Moreover, given that weight loss results in a reduction of the load that is exerted upon the knee during daily activities, obesity is also considered to be a modifiable risk factor for the development and or exacerbation of KOA. (biomedcentral.com)
Study8
  • We performed a retrospective cohort study to determine whether obesity (as measured by BMI) is associated with mortality in CDI patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of our study was to evaluate in patients with obesity and chronic osteoarthritis the impact on quality of life and metabolic control of a dietary intervention with a hypocaloric commercial formula. (isciii.es)
  • The study also found that the link between waist circumference and heart attack risk was stronger in women than in men. (thegreenlawreport.com)
  • The new study from Oxford University highlights the significant link between waist circumference and heart attack risk. (thegreenlawreport.com)
  • In just three decades, the number of school-going children and adolescents with obesity has increased by tenfold, and the International Association for the Study of Obesity and International Obesity Task Force reckon that 200 million school children worldwide are either overweight or obese [ 1 ]. (springeropen.com)
  • The International Association for the study of Obesity (IASO)/International Obesity Taskforce (IOTF) analysis (2010) estimated that approximately 1.0 billion adults are currently overweight and a further 475 million are obese, worldwide [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A mouse study published in Nature found that emulsifiers alter gut bacteria, causing inflammation. (remediesforme.com)
  • In one study , scientists assessed the effect of drinking water by measuring subjects' oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production in a respiratory chamber. (remediesforme.com)
Baseline1
  • As for abdominal obesity group, there was the significant association between 25(OH)D and HbA1c, glucagon, HOMA-IR, baseline insulin and C-p. (researchsquare.com)
Factors3
  • Inflammation of the gastric mucosa occurs as a result of an imbalance between mucosal defensive and aggressive factors. (ukessays.com)
  • It is unknown whether these variables are optimal for prediction of CDI-associated mortality, or whether addition of obesity to these other factors may better help to predict the patients with CDI at the highest risk for death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Obesity, prior knee injury, physical activity levels, physical strength and the extent of alignment/misalignment of body segments are the most often cited potential risk factors for KOA in the academic literature. (biomedcentral.com)
Findings2
  • These findings were further confirmed by the findings for body composition measured by the BIA method. (frontiersin.org)
  • The findings revealed that people with a waist circumference of 35 inches or more for women, and 40 inches or more for men, were at a significantly higher risk of heart attack than those with smaller waist circumferences. (thegreenlawreport.com)
Body Mass3
Levels1
  • The OLS regression and quantile regression further showed that 25(OH)D was associated with glucagon and fasting C-p levels in T2D patients with abdominal obesity. (researchsquare.com)
Epithelial1
  • Iron-pill gastritis involves mucosal erosion which is accompanied by acute and chronic inflammation and marked regenerative epithelial changes [19]. (ukessays.com)