• Another reported that IL-10, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL-10, formerly IFN-γ inducible protein 10) and CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2, formerly monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) levels were higher in patients with high viral loads ( 12 ), but patients with severe disease had higher levels of CXCL10 and CCL2 than did patients with less-severe cases. (cdc.gov)
  • Chemokine ccl2. (lookformedical.com)
  • CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL2 and several other CCL2-related chemokines. (lookformedical.com)
  • Enzymatic cleavage of chemokines CCL2 and CXCL10 : Implications for multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. (shu.ac.uk)
  • CCL2 and CXCL10 are chemokines expressed in MS lesions, which are thought to be pivotal in chemoattraction of T cells and monocytes into the CNS. (shu.ac.uk)
  • To assess the potential effects of chemokine cleavage in MS, recombinant proteins were used in an in vitro study which examined processing of CCL2 and CXCL10 by MMP2, MMP9 and CD26, using mass spectrometry to identify enzymatic cleavage products. (shu.ac.uk)
  • MMP9 removed four residues, and CD26 cleaved a dipeptide, from the N-termini of both CCL2 and CXCL10. (shu.ac.uk)
  • MMP2 N-terminally cleaved four residues from CCL2, and five from CXCL10. (shu.ac.uk)
  • MMP truncation of CCL2 was complete within 3h, but with CXCL10, remained incomplete by 48h. (shu.ac.uk)
  • Protease expression was investigated, to identify the likelihood that cleaved CCL2 and CXCL10 arise in vivo in MS. The MMP mRNA expression profile of cytokine-treated and untreated astrocytes examined by real time PCR showed that MMP2 mRNA was highly expressed with and without cytokine treatment, and MMP9 mRNA was increased following treatment with the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1 p. (shu.ac.uk)
  • The chemotactic activity of the cleaved forms of CCL2 and CXCL10 identified in this study was investigated using real time in vitro migration assays. (shu.ac.uk)
  • Collectively, this study demonstrated that cleavage of CCL2 and CXCL10 by proteases, found at elevated levels in MS, may be an important regulator of chemokine activity. (shu.ac.uk)
  • In COVID-19, chemokines like CCL2, CCL3, and CXCL10 attract several immune cell types. (biolegend.com)
  • Surprisingly, the induction appeared to be independent of known chemokine receptors, indicating that these molecules were activating the immune cells through some previously unknown mechanism. (labmanager.com)
  • Subsequent experiments revealed that the chemokines can bind pieces of DNA to form nanoparticles, which then bypass the cells' chemokine receptors to induce interferon production directly. (labmanager.com)
  • A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR10 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
  • A CC-type chemokine that is found at high levels in the THYMUS and has specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif. (lookformedical.com)
  • A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
  • CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL27. (lookformedical.com)
  • CCR receptors with specificity for a broad variety of CC CHEMOKINES. (lookformedical.com)
  • Chemokine CCL8 has specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Chemokine receptors that are specific for CC CHEMOKINES. (lookformedical.com)
  • A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
  • CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL19 and CHEMOKINE CCL21. (lookformedical.com)
  • Circulating memory T cells can be divided into tissue-specific subsets, which traffic through distinct tissue compartments during physiologic immune surveillance, based on their expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In particular, CD26 may play a key role in regulating chemokine activity, and thus cell migration into the CNS, as it demonstrated rapid and highly specific proteolytic activity and is highly likely to encounter chemokines as it was associated with T cells and macrophages that express the appropriate chemokine receptors. (shu.ac.uk)
  • The chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CXCR3 are expressed predominantly on the cell surface of NK T cells. (huji.ac.il)
  • CXCR3 ligands (CXCL4, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11) trigger antagonistic responses partly due to the presence of two splice variants, CXCR3A and CXCR3B. (oncotarget.com)
  • Chemokines such as CXCL10 (IP-10) and CXCL9 may inhibit cancer development. (thomasnet.com)
  • In contrast to CXCR4, the expression levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and the migration of cells in response to CXCL9 and CXCL10 increased after IL-2 treatment. (huji.ac.il)
  • The CXCR3-ligand system is involved in thyroid inflammation and CXCR3 has been found upregulated in many tumors, suggesting its pro-tumorigenic role under the inflammatory microenvironment. (oncotarget.com)
  • For instance, studies in mice have demonstrated that CD4+ T cells activated in cutaneous lymph nodes upregulate trafficking determinants specific for the skin, such as P-selectin ligand, while T cells responding to antigen in intestinal lymph nodes express high levels the gut-associated adhesion molecule integrin α4β7 and acquire responsiveness to the intestinal CC-chemokine ligand CCL25 [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In patients with PPMS, CSF concentrations of CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL-3), CXC chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL-8), CXCL-10, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-15, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A were increased compared with healthy controls and comparable with CSF concentrations in patients with RRMS. (ku.dk)
  • This antimicrobial gene encodes a chemokine of the CXC subfamily and ligand for the receptor CXCR3. (cancerindex.org)
  • Interferon pathway-related cytokines/chemokines, including interleukin (IL) 18, macrophage inflammatory protein 3α, and IL-33, were elevated, but tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, CXCL8 (formerly IL-8), and cytokines acting through C-C chemokine receptor 2 and CCR5 were lower among case-patients than controls. (cdc.gov)
  • CXCL10 is an interferon-induced chemokine that attracts cells that express the chemokine receptor CXCR3 on their surface. (bio-thing.cn)
  • Notably, CXCL10 binding to CXCR3 induces receptor internalization and, therefore, low CXCR3 levels in cells positive for CXCR3 expression can be indicative of chemokine signaling. (bio-thing.cn)
  • We reasoned that a bias (either enrichment or depletion) of CSF T cell expression of known organ-specific trafficking determinants might suggest that homing of T cells to the subarachnoid space could be governed by a CNS-specific adhesion molecule or chemokine receptor. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we show that treatment of these cells with pertussis toxin and neutralizing antibodies to the chemokine receptor CXCR4 inhibited homing of the cells to the BM, but not the spleen, of NOD/SCID mice. (huji.ac.il)
  • The levels of several chemokines were significantly higher in intervillous compared to peripheral blood, including macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), CXCL10, and CCL25, whereas CCL21, CCL27 and CXCL12 were lower. (frontiersin.org)
  • CXCL12, CXCL10, CCL21, CCL19 manifestation (= 5 and 6 for WT and Tg, respectively) were compared to CXCL13 (= 17 and 21 for SR 144528 WT and Tg, respectively). (districsides.com)
  • We also report SPARC can directly bind to CCR7 ligands CCL19 and CCL21 but not CXCL10, and enhance migration toward a chemokine gradient. (escholarship.org)
  • We assessed the effects of individual and combined drugs administered post-infection, at a clinically relevant concentration range (10(-6)-10(-10) m), on the production of CCL5, CXCL10, CXCL8, IL-6 and the remodelling-associated VEGF and bFGF, using ELISA and RT-PCR. (nih.gov)
  • The combination of BUD and FORM had concentration-dependent, additive or synergistic effects in the suppression of RV-induced CCL5, CXCL8 and CXCL10 in both cell types as well as VEGF in NHBE only. (nih.gov)
  • Multiplex protein analysis further showed elevated expression of IP-10/CXCL10, a potent downstream effector of IFN-γ, as well as RANTES/CCL5, eotaxin/CCL11 and IL-10, prior to symptomatic onset in Npc1 −/− /App −/− cerebella, compared with Npc1 −/− /App +/+ mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Blood samples were taken for complete blood count and blood chemistry analysis, and human interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10/CXCL10) level. (bvsalud.org)
  • The upregulated DEGs were primarily protein‑coding genes enriched in immune and inflammation response pathways, while the downregulated DEGs were mainly coding long non‑coding (lnc)RNAs, indicating the regulatory function of USF1. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The increasing complexity of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine networks has made it crucial to examine them in relevant functional groups rather than individually. (labclinics.com)
  • Learn about the concepts and principles of our LEGENDplex™ multiplexing assays and how they can aid in cytokine and chemokine monitoring. (biolegend.com)
  • Spatially resolved transcriptomics reveals pro-inflammatory fibroblast involved in lymphocyte recruitment through CXCL8 and CXCL10. (cngb.org)
  • Furthermore, we spatially mapped a rare pathogenic fibroblast population localised in a highly immunogenic region, responsible for lymphocyte recruitment through CXCL8 and CXCL10 and with a possible role in pathological angiogenesis through ALOX5AP. (cngb.org)
  • The process of acute inflammation is well defined, but the causes of chronic inflammation and its associated molecular and cellular pathways are still not well understood. (labclinics.com)
  • We demonstrate that the absence of hematopoietic CXCL4 ameliorates the MPN phenotype, reduces stromal cell activation and BM fibrosis and decreases 1) the activation of pro-fibrotic pathways in megakaryocytes, 2) inflammation in fibrosis-driving cells and 3) JAK/STAT activation in both megakaryocytes and stromal cells in three murine PMF models. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • Background: Urinary CXCL10 is a promising biomarker for subclinical tubulointerstitial inflammation, but limited data exists regarding its correlation with (micro)vascular inflammation. (umanitoba.ca)
  • The researchers also identified the chemokine CXCL10 in circulating blood as a novel biomarker for radiation-induced cardiac toxicity. (mskcc.org)
  • Conclusion: CXCL10 is a useful RA disease activity biomarker and is an RA-ILD-sensitive biomarker, also CXCL10 is a significant predictor for development of RA-ILD. (bvsalud.org)
  • Using mouse models and human biospecimens, the investigators found that activation of cytosolic cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)- and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent type 1 interferon signaling (cGAS-STING pathway) induced delayed cardiac inflammation after radiation and anthracycline chemotherapy. (mskcc.org)
  • In setting up controls for one of their experiments, Barrat's team, including first author, Dr. Yong Du, a postdoctoral associate in microbiology and immunology at Weill Cornell Medicine and a member of the HSS Research Institute, discovered that CXCL4 and several other chemokines could induce immune cells called plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) to produce interferon-alpha. (labmanager.com)
  • Interferon pathway activation and cytokines/chemokines acting through CCR2 and CCR5 improved health results among children with severe CCHF. (cdc.gov)
  • Background and Objectives: It is unclear to what extent intrathecal inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis in primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). (ku.dk)
  • This study was undertaken to explore the contribution of PDCs and type I IFNs to RA pathogenesis using various animal models of PDC depletion and to monitor the effect of localized PDC recruitment and activation on joint inflammation and bone damage. (cnrs.fr)
  • Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human ovary tumor tissue slide using 10937-1-AP (CXCL10/IP10 antibody) at dilution of 1:400 (under 10x lens). (ptglab.com)
  • Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human ovary tumor tissue slide using 10937-1-AP (CXCL10/IP10 antibody) at dilution of 1:400 (under 40x lens). (ptglab.com)
  • At tumor sites, monocytes differentiate into tumor-associated macrophages capable of inducing growth factors, proteases, angiogenic mediators, and cytokines such as TNFα, IL-1 and IL-6, and chemokines. (thomasnet.com)
  • There is a recent line of research favoring hypothetic allergic mechanisms in the genesis of atherosclerosis and, consequently, coronary artery disease (CAD), among which Interleukin (IL)-17 appears to be a key cytokine regulating local tissue inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We had a project looking at scleroderma and it was shown by us and others a few years ago that patients with this condition have an elevated level of the chemokine CXCL4 in their blood," said senior author Dr. Franck Barrat, professor of microbiology and immunology at Weill Cornell Medicine and the Michael Bloomberg Chair and senior scientist at HSS. (labmanager.com)
  • For example, while CXCL4 appears to be important in scleroderma, another chemokine, CXCL10, may perform a similar function in lupus. (labmanager.com)
  • Increased CXCL4 expression in hematopoietic cells links inflammation and progression of bone marrow fibrosis in MPN. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • Using an unbiased approach and validation in MPN patients, we identified that the differential spatial expression of the chemokine CXCL4/platelet-factor-4 (PF4) marks the progression of fibrosis. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • Our data indicate that higher CXCL4 expression in MPN has pro-fibrotic effects and is a mediator of the characteristic inflammation. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • Therefore, targeting CXCL4 might be a promising strategy to reduce inflammation in PMF. (phoenixpeptide.com)
  • AVE0991 inhibited perivascular inflammation, through the reduction of chemokine expression in pVAT, as well as through direct actions on monocytes/macrophages inhibiting their activation, characterized by IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1 and CXCL10 and differentiation to M1 phenotype. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Furthermore, no study has evaluated whether concomitant serum CXCL10 improves the discrimination for (micro)vascular inflammation. (umanitoba.ca)
  • Methods: We investigated whether serum/urinary CXCL10 reflect subclinical inflammation within different renal compartments. (umanitoba.ca)
  • Serum and urinary CXCL10 ELISA was performed. (umanitoba.ca)
  • Finally, serum CXCL10 was elevated with BKV and CMV viremia but was not associated with microvascular or vascular inflammation (p≥0.19). (umanitoba.ca)
  • Serum CXCL10 was not a useful marker for (micro)vascular inflammation. (umanitoba.ca)
  • Pulmonary inflammation, inflammatory bioactivity of serum, and neurometabolic changes were assessed at 24 h post-exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • These biomarkers are readily measurable in the peripheral blood, providing useful surrogates of inflammation, and provide a way to select candidates with acceptable safety profiles. (elifesciences.org)
  • We have characterized the T cell composition and chemokine profile in paired intervillous and peripheral blood samples from healthy mothers giving birth following term pregnancies. (frontiersin.org)
  • Aim: This study aimed to identify the role of CXCL10 as a peripheral blood marker of RA-ILD and its correlation with disease activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • injected the muscle tissue of different groups of mice with one of four licensed vaccines which, by definition, cause little or no inflammation. (elifesciences.org)
  • Acute inflammation is a short-lived response that is characterized by extravasation of leukocytes, erythrocytes, and plasma components into the injured tissue. (labclinics.com)
  • Aging influence on pulmonary and systemic inflammation and neural metabolomics arising from pulmonary multi-walled carbon nanotube exposure in apolipoprotein E-deficient and C57BL/6 female mice. (cdc.gov)
  • Before a new vaccine is licensed for use, it is thoroughly tested in mice and rodents, and then in human volunteers, to ensure it will cause little or no inflammation. (elifesciences.org)
  • Infected mice treated with Pam3CSK4 possessed more hepatic inflammation focus, lower IgG and IgG2a antibody titers, and a lower proportion of spleen CD3+CD4+ T cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Experimental approach: We investigated the effects of AVE0991 on the spontaneous atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice, in the context of vascular inflammation and plaque stability. (gla.ac.uk)
  • D. Chemokine mRNA manifestation in the thymus of 2- to 3-month-old WT and Tg mice. (districsides.com)
  • Neutrophils are generally the first leukocytes to be recruited to a site of infection, playing a major role in regulating inflammation and, as a result, viral replication and dissemination. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. (lookformedical.com)
  • Preliminary experiments with Jurkat cells, a T cell line, indicated that migration remained unaffected, or was slightly increased, by cleaved CXCL10 compared to the intact form. (shu.ac.uk)
  • Small proteins, called chemokines, that direct immune cells toward sites of infection can also form DNA-bound nanoparticles that can induce chronic, dysfunctional immune responses, according to a new study by researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine and Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS). (labmanager.com)
  • Abstract] Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC2) play an important role in immune responses at barrier surfaces, notably in the lung during airway allergic inflammation or asthma. (bio-thing.cn)
  • The release of cytokines is stimulated by a variety of cellular stress responses, including carcinogen-induced injury, infection, and inflammation. (thomasnet.com)
  • CONCLUSION: The therapeutic effects of imiquimod on joint inflammation and bone destruction are dependent on TLR-7 sensing by PDCs and type I IFN signaling. (cnrs.fr)
  • And that inflammation is helping to recruit other cells of the immune system. (labmanager.com)
  • It tells you the type of response that you have to stop, not necessarily at the DNA-chemokine level, but potentially more downstream in the cells themselves," Barrat said. (labmanager.com)
  • Abstract] Chemokines are molecules that regulate the positioning of cells during homeostasis and inflammation. (bio-thing.cn)
  • Consequently, this mouse model finally mimics the thymic pathology observed in human being MG. Our data also shown that inflammation is definitely required to reveal CXCL13 ability to recruit B cells and to induce tertiary lymphoid organ development. (districsides.com)
  • Chemokines can maintain normal homeostasis within tissues or call cells into action to investigate injuries and invading pathogens. (biolegend.com)
  • The prominence of perivenular round cell inflammation in either illness is a feature that is shared with many forms of encephalitis, but patchy demyelination with preservation of axon cylinders and the prominence of microglial cells in the inflammatory exudate are not. (medscape.com)
  • A detailed examination and comparative analysis of these transcriptomes revealed a set of novel biomarkers that are reflective of inflammation after vaccination. (elifesciences.org)
  • The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of multiple exposomal factors (genetics, lifestyle factors, environmental/occupational exposures) on pulmonary inflammation and corresponding alterations in local/systemic immune parameters. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients with RA-ILD show significantly higher CXCL10 than those without ILD (p (bvsalud.org)
  • Intriguingly, urinary CXCL10 was predominantly elevated with peritubular capillaritis, but not glomerulitis (p=0.04). (umanitoba.ca)
  • Tests in mouse models of skin inflammation suggest that this mechanism could account for the chronic immune activation that underlies scleroderma and other autoimmune diseases. (labmanager.com)
  • Se tomaron muestras de sangre para hemograma completo y análisis de química sanguínea y el nivel de proteína 10 inducible por interferón humano (IP-10/CXCL10). (bvsalud.org)
  • Infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes chronic infection and inflammation in the brain parenchyma. (escholarship.org)
  • But the role of this chemokine in disease is unclear and we didn't expect the chemokine to provoke this particular immune response. (labmanager.com)
  • Background and Purpose: Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerosis. (gla.ac.uk)
  • As part of the immune response, inflammation plays an important role in defending the body against pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other parasites. (labclinics.com)
  • In this Review, we outline current insights into the ways in which MSCs sense and control inflammation, highlighting the central role of macrophage polarization. (pdffox.com)
  • Collectively, HF diet appeared to have a greater impact on global immune status and exposure-induced lung injury in SD rats, but a more pronounced effect on inflammation resolution in BN rats. (cdc.gov)
  • In conclusion, a strong relationship was found between the IL-17-related chemokine eotaxin and IMT. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As this novel PDE4 inhibitor interferes with several key processes of inflammation, Apremilast may emerge as a promising new drug for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as those of the skin and the joints. (chemspider.com)
  • If left unchecked, the acute inflammatory process can lead to chronic inflammation. (labclinics.com)