• Recent reports suggest that in vivo administration of FP attenuates pulmonary inflammation through its ability to reduce the number of eosinophils in airway biopsies 16 and inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis 17 . (ersjournals.com)
  • The consumption of milled flaxseed resulted in potentially beneficial alterations in the plasma oxylipin profiles of both the younger and older individuals by reducing oxylipins that induce neutrophil chemotaxis and inflammation. (wakeup-world.com)
  • Effect of theophylline on induced sputum inflammatory indices and neutrophil chemotaxis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The cell-free media from MWCNT-polarized macrophages induced the migration of neutrophilic cells (differentiated from HL-60), which was blocked by Acebilustat, a specific leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitor, or LY239111, an LTB4 receptor antagonist, but not NS-398, a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, revealing LTB4 as a major mediator of neutrophil chemotaxis from MWCNT-polarized macrophages. (cdc.gov)
  • Effect of retinoic acid on canine neutrophil chemotaxis was also studied under in vitro conditions. (usask.ca)
  • HDPs are seen as true multifunctional peptides with activities as diverse as chemotaxis, inhibition of LPS-induced inflammation, modulation of leukocyte differentiation and promotion of wound healing. (unina.it)
  • 2017). The inhibition of hypothalamic inflammation by intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of IKK2 inhibitor (IMD-0354) rectified PM2.5-induced glucose intolerance, IR, energy metabolism dysfunction, and attenuated peripheral inflammation in response to PM2.5 exposure (Song et al. (deepdyve.com)
  • These results suggest that costimulation via FcεRI and CCR1 engagements induced 1) inhibition of membrane ruffling, 2) decreased ROCK activation, and 3) reciprocal imbalance between Small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho family, which result in the inhibition of chemotaxis of RBL-CCR1 cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • H4 stimulation has also recently been shown to cause inhibition of airway resistance and inflammation in a murine model of allergic asthma. (drugdiscoveryopinion.com)
  • During an inflammatory response, neutrophils move from the blood to the site of inflammation by transmigrating across the endothelial barrier and through the basement membrane (BM) of the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). (nature.com)
  • TBI-induced microglial activation and the release of inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL), and interferon (IFN), cause direct neuronal cell death and also induce vascular endothelial cells to express a variety of cell adhesion molecules and cell chemotaxis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have studied the relationship between clinical and biochemical parameters and C-peptide and anti-inflammatory IL-10, as well as selected markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction such as: CCL2, CRP, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and E-selectin in obese women with various degree of glucose metabolism disturbance. (medsci.org)
  • Disturbed lipid and carbohydrate metabolism are manifested by enhanced inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with simply obesity. (medsci.org)
  • The consensus of researchers studying RILI is that ionizing radiation could induce damage to epithelial cells and endothelial cells, dysfunction of the blood-air barrier, and increase vascular permeability. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neutrophils, though increasingly linked to the development of inflammatory disorders, have been less well studied in relation to TB-induced lung pathology. (frontiersin.org)
  • SAA is a functional agonist for formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX), where it promotes chemotaxis and survival of neutrophils. (frontiersin.org)
  • Neutrophilic inflammation is particularly prominent in COPD where neutrophils degranulate with increasing severity of COPD, resulting in uncontrolled release of proteolytic enzymes (neutrophil elastase and matrix metalloproteinase 9-MMP9) that further damage the lungs ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Neutrophils are chemoattracted to sites of inflammation by several stimuli. (uai.cl)
  • A generation of kinin B 1 receptor agonists during the early phase of acute inflammation may favor the recruitment of neutrophils to the inflammatory site. (uai.cl)
  • Induced sputum inflammatory cells, neutrophils, interleukin-8, myeloperoxidase, and lactoferrin were all significantly reduced by about 22% by theophylline. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Neutrophils from a healthy donor showed reduced chemotaxis (approximately 30%) to induced sputum samples obtained during theophylline treatment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Knockdown of Alox5 using specific small hairpin-RNA suppressed MWCNT-induced M1 polarization, LTB4 secretion, and migration of neutrophils. (cdc.gov)
  • Chemotaxis--the directed movement of cells in a gradient of chemoattractant--is essential for neutrophils to crawl to sites of inflammation and infection and for Dictyostelium discoideum (D. discoideum) to aggregate during morphogenesis. (illinois.edu)
  • This suggests that retinoic acid reverses LPS-induced delay in spontaneous apoptosis of neutrophils. (usask.ca)
  • However, retinoic acid did not exert inhibitory effects on the LPS-induced chemotaxis of canine neutrophils. (usask.ca)
  • Taken together, the data from these studies show that retinoid receptors are expressed in normal and inflamed lungs, and treatment with retinoic acid hastens apoptosis in activated neutrophils and inhibits neutrophil recruitment and permeability in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung inflammation. (usask.ca)
  • These products, acting in concert with one another, contribute to inflammation and associated sensitivity and pain, as evidenced by increased vascular permeability, increased leukocyte migration, and increased sensitivity of nociceptors. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Processed by a variety of proteases linked to inflammation, it activates the G-protein coupled receptor chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) and induces chemotaxis in natural killer cells, macrophages, and immature dendritic cells. (nih.gov)
  • FP induces apoptosis of eosinophils 18 and also reduces the production of several cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and RANTES (regulated on activation, T-cell expressed and secreted) by alveolar macrophages 19 and lymphocytes 20 , 21 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Omental preadipocytes induced chemoattraction of macrophages and monocytes. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Multi-walled carbon nanotube s induce arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase expression and enhance the polarization and function of M1 macrophages in vitro. (cdc.gov)
  • Fibrogenic carbon nanotube s (CNTs) induce the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages in mouse lungs. (cdc.gov)
  • Polarization of the macrophages regulates the production of proinflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators (LMs) to mediate acute inflammation and its resolution in a time-dependent manner. (cdc.gov)
  • the ability of the macrophages to phagoytose indictor fluorescent beads and to migrate towards aC5a were determined.Results: Ultrafine particles induced more PMN recruitment, epithelial damage, and cytotoxicity than their fine counterparts, exposed at equal mass. (hw.ac.uk)
  • Protective immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) -the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB)-is not fully understood but involves immune responses within the pulmonary airways which can lead to exacerbated inflammation and immune pathology. (frontiersin.org)
  • This review discusses aspects of neutrophil activity associated with active TB, including the resulting inflammation and pulmonary impairment. (frontiersin.org)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of disability and death world-wide, where chronic inflammation accelerates lung function decline. (frontiersin.org)
  • Inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP) is widely used to reduce pulmonary inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but the potential effects of FP on airway epithelial cells from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are unknown. (ersjournals.com)
  • RILI can be divided into two phases-radiation pneumonitis (RP) and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF)-which represent acute and late phases in the development of RILI, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, ω-3 PUFA supplementation inhibited TBI-induced microglial activation and the subsequent inflammatory response by regulating HMGB1 nuclear translocation and secretion and also HMGB1-mediated activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to neuroprotective effects. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hyperglycemia contributes to glycosylation of proteins and lipids, increases the production of reactive oxygen species, stimulates the synthesis and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins in various tissues, promoting thus inflammation processes in the vascular wall [ 2 , 3 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and chemotaxis assays were used to confirm proinflammatory chemokine secretion between depots. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The second group of receptors reacts with small complement fragments (C4a, C3a, C5a) as well as with C1q, Ba, Bb and factor H. Stimulation of these receptors results in various biological effects (chemotaxis, secretion of vasoactive amines, mediators of the inflammatory and anaphylactic reaction etc. (dadamo.com)
  • Consistent with M1 polarization, the MWCNTs induced the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-1β, and proinflammatory LMs leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). (cdc.gov)
  • For example, HSC activation and the subsequent matrix secretion by activated HSCs induce liver fibrosis, leading to cirrhosis in chronic liver injury ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Additionally, some cytokines found to play an important role in human inflammation such as IL-8 7 , are not expressed by mice. (nature.com)
  • BZK induced a significant increase in the severity of the clinical score, infiltration of inflammatory cells, local expression of inflammatory cytokines in subcutaneous tissue, and total serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E. PVP-I increased the clinical score, number of mast cells, and production of inflammatory cytokines, and total serum IgE. (medsci.org)
  • However, BMGlvA2 attenuated the inflammatory responses by decreasing the serum inflammatory cytokines and improving the metabolisms in ETEC-challenged mice, and alleviated the ETEC-induced tissue damage in spleen. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PM2.5 exposure leads to hepatic insulin resistance (IR) that was accompanied by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis (Laing et al. (deepdyve.com)
  • Previous studies indicated that endotoxins usually caused intestinal mucosa inflammation and destruction of tight junction integrity and epithelial cell apoptosis [ 4 ], which subsequently led to disruption of intestinal homeostasis and damage of the intestinal barrier functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It was found that ω-3 PUFA supplementation inhibited TBI-induced microglial activation and expression of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ), reduced brain edema, decreased neuronal apoptosis, and improved neurological functions after TBI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, I designed a series of studies to evaluate the expression of retinoid receptors in many species and the role of retinoic acid in neutrophil apoptosis and acute lung inflammation. (usask.ca)
  • After studying the effects of retinoic acid on canine neutrophil apoptosis, I used a mouse model of acute lung injury to investigate the effects of retinoic acid on endotoxin-induced acute lung inflammation. (usask.ca)
  • Recent developments revealed the role of the nonsignaling chemerin receptor C-C chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2) in inflammation. (nih.gov)
  • Plerixafor is a chemokine receptor antagonist for CXCR4 and CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis with IC50 of 44 nM and 5.7 nM, respectively. (csnpharm.com)
  • Here, we report that cross-talk between CCR1-mediated signaling pathway and FcεRI-mediated signaling pathway affects degranulation positively but affects chemotaxis of mast cells adversely. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The cross-talk between FcεRI-mediated signaling pathway and CCR-mediated signaling pathway would induce optimal activation and arrested chemotaxis of mast cells, thus contributing to allergic inflammation. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 2012). Our previous study demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure led to hyperglycemia and IR, which were accompanied by hypothalamic inflammation evidenced by increased mRNA levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), Inhibitor kappa B kinase 2 (IKK2), and enhanced microglial/astrocyte reactivity (Song et al. (deepdyve.com)
  • Both a Rho inhibitor C3 exoenzyme and a Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 inhibited chemotaxis of RBL-CCR1 cells toward CCL3, indicating that activation of the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway is required for the CCL3-mediated chemotaxis of the cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • An inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) decreased the transmigration of microglia in our system, indicating that MMPs play a role in microglial chemotaxis. (portlandpress.com)
  • It was demonstrated that a relevant concentration of FP (10 −8 M) inhibited constitutive and P. aeruginosa LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production of non-CF and CF bronchial epithelial cells. (ersjournals.com)
  • Aims: To compare the ability of ultrafine and fine particles of titanium dioxide and carbon black to induce inflammation, cause epithelial injury, and affect the alveolar macrophage clearance functions of phagocytosis and chemotaxis in vivo. (hw.ac.uk)
  • Results: Ultrafine particles induced more PMN recruitment, epithelial damage, and cytotoxicity than their fine counterparts, exposed at equal mass. (hw.ac.uk)
  • Conclusions: Ultrafine particles of two very different materials induced inflammation and epithelial damage to a greater extent than their fine counterparts. (hw.ac.uk)
  • Epithelial injury and toxicity were associated with the development of inflammation after exposure to ultrafines. (hw.ac.uk)
  • Conclusions Secretomes of omental and subcutaneous preadipocytes are distinct, with the former inducing more macrophage/monocyte chemoattraction, in part through IL-6/JAK-mediated signaling. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The pathogeneses of bacterial and viral exacerbations are significant as clinical symptoms are more severe and there is a marked increase in neutrophilic inflammation and tissue damage. (frontiersin.org)
  • In the present study, the effects of pretreatment with S1P by intranasal administration on antigen-induced inflammatory signs of the airways were determined in a murine model of allergic bronchial asthma. (openrespiratorymedicinejournal.com)
  • The prominence of perivenular round cell inflammation in either illness is a feature that is shared with many forms of encephalitis, but patchy demyelination with preservation of axon cylinders and the prominence of microglial cells in the inflammatory exudate are not. (medscape.com)
  • Assessment of microglial activation in lesioned sites and protein markers for proinflammatory, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, and HMGB1 were used to evaluate neuroinflammatory responses and anti-inflammation effects of ω-3 PUFA supplementation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, the current work aimed to ensure the plausible beneficial effects of T. nilotica different fractions on LPS-induced acute lung injury after elucidating their phytochemical constituents using LC/MS analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chemoattractant-induced activation of spatially localized cellular signals causes cells to polarize and move toward the highest concentration of the chemoattractant. (illinois.edu)
  • GSP also inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation and IκBα phosphorylation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In the recognition of immune cells during inflammation, the function of CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in the bloodstream is mainly recruitment of immune cells by migration through chemotaxis and diapedesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • COPD is characterized as a chronic inflammatory condition due to the persistent accumulation of innate and adaptive immune cells in the airways along with increased systemic inflammation ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Basic research utilizing immune-related disease patient-derived induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is expected to be a promising platform for elucidating the pathogenesis of the diseases and for drug discovery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Investigating human immune-related diseases using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells presents a novel and promising field of study. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The mechanisms of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) and the mechanisms by which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) alleviate it. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interestingly, FcεRI engagement inhibited CCL3-mediated chemotaxis and membrane ruffling of RBL-CCR1 cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In this study, we used the OrganoPlate to develop a humanized 3D in vitro inflammation-on-a-chip model to recapitulate neutrophil transmigration across the endothelium and subsequent migration through the extracellular matrix (ECM). (nature.com)
  • Chemotaxis was performed using the migration under agarose technique. (uai.cl)
  • We therefore investigated the effects of PM2.5 exposure on insulin resistance and the disorders of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism via hypothalamic inflammation. (deepdyve.com)
  • Although the treatment did not affect hepatic inflammation or endoplasmic reticulum stress, it inhibited the expression of the enzymes for gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis in the liver. (deepdyve.com)
  • Therefore, our current finding indicates an important role of hypothalamic inflammation in PM2.5 exposure-mediated hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism disorder. (deepdyve.com)
  • Thus, GSP may be considered as a novel drug for the treatment of hepatic inflammation, infectious diseases and fibrosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The Feeney DM TBI model was adopted to induce brain injury in rats. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, a series of important implications on inflammation and the immune system that are induced by the activity of cannabinoid receptors stimulated by the delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) have been noticed. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • There are limited data available on the species-specific expression of various retinoid receptors and the role of retinoic acid in acute lung inflammation. (usask.ca)
  • The MWCNTs induced the expression of CD68 and that induction persisted for up to 3 days post-exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Interestingly, succinate plays key dual roles during inflammatory responses, leading to net inflammation or anti-inflammation depending on factors like the cellular context. (haematologica.org)
  • They mimic the cardinal signs of inflammation by inducing vasodilatation and by increasing vascular permeability and pain. (uai.cl)
  • Here we examined the molecular mechanism by which multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs, Mitsui-7) induce M1 polarization in vitro. (cdc.gov)
  • GSP inhibited mRNA expression of LPS-induced TLR4, NOD2 and COX-2, in addition to inhibiting the expression of iNOS. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • NC/Nga mice were subcutaneously injected with mite allergen (Dp) to induce AD-like skin lesions (ADSLs), and an application of 0.2% (w/v) benzalkonium chloride (BZK), 10% (w/v) povidone-iodine (PVP-I), 80% (v/v) ethanol (Et-OH), or 0.5% (v/v) chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) was applied to the ear envelope. (medsci.org)
  • Even though more localized dose delivery to patients with tumors via advanced radiation techniques can increase the survival rate and lessen radiation-related toxicity, the occurrence of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is still inevitable and limits dose escalation for thoracic radiotherapy [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Colon musocal inflammation and damage were assessed by measuring colon mass, morphologic damage score, colonic myeloperoxidase enzyme (MPO) activity, serum TNF-α and colonic TNF-α mRNA level. (wjgnet.com)
  • Inflammation, immunity, and vaccines for Helicobacter pylori infection. (medscape.com)
  • Specifically, both activated and proliferating HSCs play key roles in the inflammation-fibrosis-carcinoma axis, whereas apoptotic HSCs promote fibrosis resolution ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In patients with bullous systemic lupus erythematosus, antibodies directed at the BMZ likely mediate the blistering phenotype by directly interfering with adhesive connections at the dermoepidermal junction and through induction of complement-dependent inflammation that leads to tissue injury and dermoepidermal separation. (medscape.com)
  • However, excessive or unresolved inflammation can damage healthy tissue and result in chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, cardiomyopathies, cardiovascular disease, and asthma. (nature.com)
  • Once the radiation dose exceeds the radiation threshold, radiation damage may extend beyond the intrinsic repair capacity of the human body, and radiation-induced lung injury occurs (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • At the same time, the possible implications of cannabinoids in the most important biological pathways involved in sepsis, such as inflammation, redox activity, immune system, and epigenetic expression will be presented. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Research shows that flaxseed positively impacts age-associated changes in inflammation, adding to an already extensive list of beneficial health effects linked to its consumption. (wakeup-world.com)
  • Since radiotherapy is widely used in managing thoracic tumors, physicians have begun to realize that radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) seriously limits the effects of radiotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pathological inflammation is worsened by chronic bacterial lung infections and susceptibility to recurrent acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD), typically caused by viral and/or bacterial respiratory pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we review emerging mechanisms into why COPD patients are susceptible to chronic bacterial infections and highlight dysregulated inflammation and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as central causes. (frontiersin.org)
  • DS patients also present a T cell immunodeficiency causing functional defects of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, reduced chemotaxis, diminished phagocytic ability, defective oxidative response and abnormal bactericidal activity 3 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Irisin-induced PGC-1α could potentially prevent α-synuclein-induced dopaminergic injury, neuroinflammation, and neurotoxicity in PD. (bvsalud.org)