• infiltrates consisted mainly of CD8-positive suppressor/cytotoxic and CD4-positive helper T lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
  • At present, the most widely used ICIs in clinical immunotherapy for a variety of solid tumors are monoclonal antibodies against cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and their ligand PD-L1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Activated γδ T cells exhibit strong cytotoxic activity and cytokine secretion functions and are effective antitumor lymphocytes with simple and direct recognition modes and rapid responses. (explorationpub.com)
  • PD-1 was readily detected after combined immunoradiotherapy causing massive tumor infiltration by PD-1+ lymphocytes. (thno.org)
  • The complex interactions that occur between human tumors, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and the systemic immune system are likely to define critical factors in the host response to cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are a universal feature of human cancers and may hold an important key to unlocking effective cancer immunotherapy [ 1 - 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the context of cancer, appropriately activated DCs can induce anti-tumor immunity by activating innate immune cells and tumor-specific lymphocytes that target cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
  • Adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has potential to treat bladder cancer, as previously demonstrated by successful expansion of tumor reactive T cells from human bladder tumors. (bmj.com)
  • It neutralizes pathogenic cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 as well as superantigens that prevent activation of classes of T lymphocytes. (nursingcenter.com)
  • However, the clinical application of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells has certain limitations. (explorationpub.com)
  • Among the components of TME, distinct populations of innate and adaptive immune cells consist of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). (biomedcentral.com)
  • METHODS: Between April 2019 and December 2021, advanced HCC patient demographics, tumor response, survival data, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and peripheral lymphocyte profiles were retrospectively collected and analyzed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Blood from patients treated with IVIG is reported to have increased suppressor CD8-positive T-cells. (nursingcenter.com)
  • Key open questions in MS research are the identification of the target antigen recognized by tissue resident CD8 + T-cells and B-cells and the molecular nature of the soluble inflammatory mediators, which may trigger tissue damage. (frontiersin.org)
  • Inflammatory infiltrates in areas positive for VSBV-1 RNA and antigen consisted of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, with perivascular B-cell accumulation. (cdc.gov)
  • The initial empirical therapy consisted of moxifloxacin for 2 weeks and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Inflammatory infiltrates in the placenta mainly consisted of CD8+ and, to a lesser extent, CD4+ T cells and macrophages (CD163+). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The applicability of the complete analytical pipeline to real world datasets was validated by immunophenotyping the local inflammatory infiltrate in individuals with and without acute bacterial infection. (biorxiv.org)
  • It is suggested that CD8 + T-lymphocytes remain in the brain and spinal cord as tissue resident cells, which may focally propagate neuroinflammation, when they re-encounter their cognate antigen. (frontiersin.org)
  • The polymorphous infiltrate consists of lymphocytes of moderate size with pale/clear cytoplasm and smaller reactive lymphocytes, eosinophils, histiocytes, plasma cells, and follicular dendritic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Differentiating between low-grade lymphoma and reactive lymphocytes is often difficult by morphology alone as reactive lymphoid cells may acquire activation morphology from being exposed to different cytokines within the body fluid. (cytojournal.com)
  • However, in most cases there are specific features that may aid in differentiating small reactive from non-reactive lymphocytes including the round shape of the nucleus, the absence of visible nucleoli and the presence of fine clumped chromatin. (cytojournal.com)
  • AIDP is histopathologically characterised by the combination of primary demyelination and infiltration by lymphocytes and macrophages [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Histological examination was performed to evaluate lymphocyte infiltration, presence of immune cells (T and B cells, plasma cells, dendritic cells and macrophages) and immune activation markers. (bmj.com)
  • Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) (see the image below) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by localization of neoplastic T lymphocytes to the skin, with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • Histologically, sarcoid nodules are composed of collections of noncaseating eptheliod histiocytes and lymphocytes. (aao.org)
  • Karyorrhectic foci consist of various types of histiocytes, plasmacytoid monocytes, immunoblasts, and small and large lymphocytes. (medscape.com)
  • CD38 (NAD+ glycohydrolase) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein able to induce activation, proliferation and differentiation of mature lymphocytes and mediate apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. (thermofisher.com)
  • We speculate that the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to affect T-lymphocyte and myeloid cell physiology coupled with age-related maladaptive biological phenomena explain the strong association between advanced age and increased risk of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality. (ersjournals.com)
  • TIME possesses distinct populations of myeloid cells and lymphocytes to influence the immune escape of cancer, the response to immunotherapy, and the survival of patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • TIME primarily consists of myeloid cells, lymphocytes and some other innate immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the lymphoid aggregate, 20% macrophages are seen, while 30% B-L or plasma cells and remainder T-L (with a ratio of CD4: CD8 = up to 4: 1). (labpedia.net)
  • Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL, sometimes misspelled AILT, formerly known as "angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia": 747 ) is a mature T-cell lymphoma of blood or lymph vessel immunoblasts characterized by a polymorphous lymph node infiltrate showing a marked increase in follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) and high endothelial venules (HEVs) and systemic involvement. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is observed in the majority of cases, being identified in the reactive (i.e. non-malignant) B-cells that comprise part of the polymorphous infiltrate of AITL. (wikipedia.org)
  • The normal architecture of a lymph node is partially effaced by a polymorphous infiltrate and residual follicles are commonly seen. (wikipedia.org)
  • This portion of the female genital tract comprises the vagina and the ectocervix, and it has a commensal microbiota that consists predominantly of Lactobacillus [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The lymphoid infiltrate contained predominantly CD3(+) T cells and scattered KP-1(+) mononuclear cells, without CD20(+) B cells. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
  • THZ1 boosted antitumor immunity by recruiting infiltrating CD8 + T cells and synergized with antiPD-1 therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mucosal immunity consists of innate and adaptive immune responses which can be influenced by systemic immunity. (hindawi.com)
  • Mucosal immunity consists of innate and adaptive immune responses that can be influenced by systemic immunity [ 15 ] and by hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle. (hindawi.com)
  • Receptor involved in the costimulatory signal essential for T-lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 production, by binding CD28 or CTLA-4. (cusabio.com)
  • [ 4 . 5 ] Adding to the challenge, classic lymphoglandular bodies, representing remnants of lymphocyte cytoplasm, are typically inconspicuous or absent in effusion fluids, in contrast to FNA material from solid specimens. (cytojournal.com)
  • The infiltrating immune cells in the TME constitute the main body of TIME. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The other cell types in these infiltrates, including the malignant TFH cells, are EBV negative. (wikipedia.org)
  • AITL typically has the phenotype of a mixture of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, with a CD4:CD8 ratio greater than unity. (wikipedia.org)
  • It also triggers activated B-LYMPHOCYTES to differentiate into IMMUNOGLOBULIN-secreting cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • In the early stages, occasional fibrosis, lymphocytic and plasma cells infiltrate is seen. (labpedia.net)
  • The upper portion of the female reproductive tract consists of the fallopian tubes, uterus body, and endocervix, which has columnar epithelial cells and is distincted from ectocervix which is part of the lower tract characterized by squamous epithelial cells [ 4 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In addition, CD4 + cells infiltrating the epithelium can act as potential target cells to initiate transmission [ 21 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The immune system in NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγnull (NSG) mice was reconstituted by the co-administration of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) or subsets (CD4+ or CD8+) and autologous human dendritic cells (DC), and animals simultaneously challenged by implanting human prostate cancer cells (PC3 line). (biomedcentral.com)
  • As a proof of concept, peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and dendritic cells (DC) were obtained from healthy donors and used to reconstitute NSG animals, followed by implantation with cells from the human prostate cancer cell line, PC3. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CD8 depletion antibodies were used to assess the role of CD8 + T cells in combined CDK7 and PD-1 blockade. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The associations among CDK7, p38α, MYC, PD-L1, infiltrating T cells, and survival outcomes were validated in two tissue microarrays and public transcriptomic data of NSCLC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Germinal centres, B cells and plasma cells were only found in ACPA-positive patients. (bmj.com)
  • The frequency of T cells in bronchial biopsies of patients with ACPA-positive RA was positively associated with expression of immune activation markers. (bmj.com)
  • B-lymphocytes may propagate demyelination and neurodegeneration, most likely by producing soluble neurotoxic factors. (frontiersin.org)
  • The revised CDC classification system for HIV-infected adolescents and adults * categorizes persons on the basis of clinical conditions associated with HIV infection and CD4+ T- lymphocyte counts. (cdc.gov)
  • Pan LXDiss TCPeng HZNorton AJIsaacson PG Nodular lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease: a monoclonal or polyclonal B-cell disorder? (jamanetwork.com)
  • A chronic disease characterized by enlargement (goiter) and dense chronic lymphocytic infiltrates in the thyroid tissue, hypothyroidism. (labpedia.net)
  • The demonstration of antibodies, mixed T-helper (Th) type 1/2 responses diisocyanate occupational asthma in a murine model after sub- and the involvement of CD8 T lymphocytes in chronic inhalation exposure at relevant exposure levels should diisocyanate OA. (cdc.gov)
  • The non Hodgkin's lymphomas comprise a neoplasia group derived from lymphocyte clones in their different evolutive stages. (scielo.br)
  • After discontinuation of montelukast therapy and administration of systemic corticosteroids the patient's symptoms reversed rapidly and there was prompt resolution of the pulmonary infiltrates. (lookformedical.com)
  • Some hypothesize that it is a clinical syndrome consisting of different diseases with different underlying etiologies. (aao.org)
  • The transfer of lymphocytes or ethylene di-isocyanate (HDI), which are used in a serum from sensitized mice can cause clinical disease in naive variety of industries including polyurethane foam mice. (cdc.gov)
  • CDC has revised the classification system for HIV infection to emphasize the clinical importance of the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count in the categorization of HIV-related clinical conditions. (cdc.gov)
  • Measures of CD4+ T-lymphocytes are used to guide clinical and therapeutic management of HIV-infected persons (22). (cdc.gov)
  • This revision establishes mutually exclusive subgroups for which the spectrum of clinical conditions is integrated with the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count. (cdc.gov)
  • The system is based on three ranges of CD4+ T- lymphocyte counts and three clinical categories and is represented by a matrix of nine mutually exclusive categories (Table 1). (cdc.gov)
  • The classical laboratory finding is polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, and other immunoglobulin derangements are also seen, including hemolytic anemia with cold agglutinins, circulating immune complexes, anti-smooth muscle antibodies, and positive rheumatoid factor. (wikipedia.org)
  • Immune checkpoints are usually triggered by the interaction of negative regulatory lymphocyte co-receptors and their ligands, and can thus be blocked by antagonistic antibodies to either the receptor or the ligand [ 1 , 2 ]. (thno.org)
  • In the advanced stage, the thyroid tissue is replaced by lymphocytes and fibrosis. (labpedia.net)
  • Whether lymphocytes within the brain tissue of MS lesions have also regulatory functions is presently unknown. (frontiersin.org)
  • Two distinct cohorts of GO patients were studied, one of which was a unique cohort consisting of blood, fecal, and retro-orbital tissue samples. (frontiersin.org)
  • Conclusions Signs of immune cell accumulation and activation are present both in the bronchial tissue and in BAL of untreated patients with early RA without concomitant lung disease, strengthening the role of the lung compartment as an important player in ACPA-positive RA. (bmj.com)
  • The likelihood of a particular syndrome correlates with viral load and CD4 + lymphocyte counts. (medscape.com)
  • As a result, antiretroviral therapy should be considered for all persons with CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts of less than 500/uL, and prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), the most common serious opportunistic infection diagnosed in men and women with AIDS, is recommended for all persons with CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts of less than 200/uL and for persons who have had prior episodes of PCP. (cdc.gov)
  • A) Schematic representation of the PP2A holoenzyme, which consists of 3 subunits: a core dimer scaffold A subunit, a regulatory B subunit, and a catalytic C subunit. (cancerbiomed.org)
  • Background Hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer is a disease for which no immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promise as effective therapies. (bmj.com)
  • CD38, a counter-receptor for CD31, is an ectoenzyme with cyclase and hydrolase enzymatic activity and is speculated to play a role in lymphocyte activation and differentiation. (thermofisher.com)
  • Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is a critical negative co-receptor expressed on activated lymphocytes [ 3 ]. (thno.org)
  • Occasionally positive in thyroid cancers. (labpedia.net)
  • A diverse array of infiltrating immunocytes regulates the development and progression of HCC, as is the case in many other cancers. (wjgnet.com)
  • TME consists of cell component, the extracellular matrix (ECM) and abundant soluble signaling molecules. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Methods Individual Psa genotypes are identified using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) from sputum samples obtained from all our patients with CF (every 3 months for LES negative and yearly for LES positive). (bmj.com)
  • The CDK7/MYC/PD-L1 signature and infiltrating T cell status collectively stratified NSCLC patients into different risk groups. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BAL samples of patients with ACPA-positive, but not ACPA-negative, RA had significantly higher relative numbers of lymphocytes and expressed higher levels of activation markers compared with controls. (bmj.com)
  • Among the changes to CTCL classification were the addition of primary cutaneous acral CD8 + T-cell lymphoma as a new provisional entity. (medscape.com)
  • Specific T-Lymphocytes are present but are limited. (labpedia.net)
  • 8 Interestingly, increased expression of citrullinated proteins in RA was present in smokers as well as in ACPA-positive non-smokers, suggesting that factors other than smoking might also contribute to generation of citrullinated epitopes in the lungs. (bmj.com)
  • The first is the focal bulk invasion of T- and B-lymphocytes with profound blood brain barrier leakage, which predominately affects the white matter, and which gives rise to classical active demyelinated plaques. (frontiersin.org)
  • Other studies have shown a strong association between the development of life-threatening opportunistic illnesses and the absolute number (per microliter of blood) or percentage of CD4+ T- lymphocytes (14-21). (cdc.gov)
  • Bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) at 6 d of age and intestinal histology, enzymatic activity, phenotypical and functional analysis of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) from the appendix were determined at 6, 25 and 35 d of age. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite a lack of effect on performance and mortality the inclusion of 0.4% Gln has a positive effect by maintaining intestinal villous height and modulating the cytokine profile at weaning. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The supplementation with Arg or Arg + Gln at the selected doses in this study did not exert positive effects on rabbit intestinal health. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is positive in about 50% of the cases of subacute thyroiditis. (labpedia.net)
  • The CD4+ T-lymphocyte is the primary target for HIV infection because of the affinity of the virus for the CD4 surface marker (3). (cdc.gov)
  • The classification system for HIV infection among adolescents and adults has been revised to include the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count as a marker for HIV-related immunosuppression. (cdc.gov)
  • Consistent with the 1993 revised classification system, CDC has also expanded the AIDS surveillance case definition to include all HIV-infected persons who have less than 200 CD4+ T-lymphocytes/uL, or a CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage of total lymphocytes of less than 14. (cdc.gov)