AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Sperm CapacitationSperm HeadSperm CountSpermatozoaAcrosomeSperm-Ovum InteractionsSperm MotilityOvumSperm MaturationSperm MidpieceInfertility, MaleAcrosome ReactionFertilizationSemenZona PellucidaSperm Injections, IntracytoplasmicSperm TransportSemen PreservationSemen AnalysisSperm BanksEpididymisProtaminesEjaculationTestisOvalbuminSeminal Plasma ProteinsFertilityOvum TransportCryopreservationSperm AgglutinationAsthenozoospermiaOligospermiaEgg ProteinsSperm TailVaccines, ContraceptiveSperm Immobilizing AgentsCervix MucusOocytesAcrosinSperm WhaleContraception, ImmunologicSeminal Vesicle Secretory ProteinsVasectomySpermatocidal AgentsContraceptive Agents, MaleFallopian TubesChromomycin A3AneuploidyPrimed In Situ LabelingDNA FragmentationInsemination, ArtificialCryoprotective AgentsPovidoneZygoteSea UrchinsAntigensChromatinIonophoresCell MembraneCalciumrab3A GTP-Binding ProteinInfertilityPregnancyIn Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceProgesteroneCricetinaeAzoospermiaSexual Behavior, AnimalFertilization in VitroY ChromosomeHolographyMicroinjectionsMolecular Sequence DataDichlorodiphenyl DichloroethyleneMesocricetusNonoxynolCattleVitelline MembraneFluorescent Antibody Technique, IndirectReproductive Techniques, AssistedCalcimycinReproductionFollicular FluidAmino Acid SequenceBlotting, WesternWhalesChromosomes, Human, YCell NucleusDesmosterolOviductsInseminationMicroscopy, FluorescenceFluorescent Antibody TechniquePregnancy RateChromosome AberrationsMibefradilComet AssayMicroscopy, ElectronCopulationFlow Cytometry
MotilityFertilizationIntracytoplasmic Sperm InjInfertilityICSIZygoteOvulationMiceEmbryoMammalianNormal spermFollicleFallopian tubesCouplesAbnormalSuppressGenitalsCervicalAcrosome biogenesisUterusWoman'sDonorsFusesArtificialFertilityVaginaContraceptivesGonadotropinMembraneFertilizeAbsenceMaleConcentrationPregnancyProteinsReproductive systemImplantationOvariesGenomeSevereInterventionalEndometrialSpermatogenesisFunctionFemalesSexualProteinMatureHealthyOrgansDifferencesCellsDiseasesSurvive
Motility5
  • This analysis evaluates the sperm count (normal is greater than twenty million), sperm motility and shape, and semen volume. (westonaprice.org)
  • Copper releasing IUDs (CuT, multiload) increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus and the Cu ions released suppress sperm motility and the fertilising capacity of sperms. (ncertmcq.com)
  • However, the over production of oxygen free radicals in sperm membrane decreases the antioxidant defense activity thereby leading to low sperm motility and viability, DNA fragmentation and protein denaturation. (scialert.net)
  • Structural events and molecular mechanisms that promote mammalian sperm acrosomal exocytosis and motility. (uba.ar)
  • Asthenozoospermia - Sperm with reduced motility and consequently poor quality. (nordicalagos.org)
Fertilization10
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Inj1
  • This study was conducted to evaluate in vivo and in vitro development of in vitro-matured equine oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (bioone.org)
Infertility10
  • infertile women with different etiologies for It seems to be an important ovarian antigen their infertility. (who.int)
  • However, no correlation were categorised into 2 groups: 73 infertile has been found between these antibodies women presenting for an infertility evalu- and the number of oocytes and pregnancy ation, with a mean duration of infertility rate [ 6 ]. (who.int)
  • Anti-sperm any medication with potentially negative antibody (ASA) may also play a different effects on the rheological characteristics role in female infertility by interfering with of the mucus were stopped in the previous sperm migration through the female genital cycle. (who.int)
  • The most common cause of infertility in men is abnormal sperm, accounting for 90 percent of cases. (westonaprice.org)
  • IVF is one of the infertility treatments in which some ova have been transported to the woman's uterus in order to make a baby. (tebmedtourism.com)
  • ICSI or Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection is one of the techniques of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) that helps couples to overcome their infertility. (ncertmcq.com)
  • Infertility in men can result from deficiencies in sperm formation, concentration, or transportation. (medscape.com)
  • Indications for performing a postcoital test include semen hyperviscosity, increased or decreased semen volume with good sperm density, or unexplained infertility. (medscape.com)
  • Testicular biopsy is indicated in azoospermic men with a normal-sized testis and normal findings on hormonal studies to evaluate for ductal obstruction, to further evaluate idiopathic infertility, and to retrieve sperm. (medscape.com)
  • Infertility - Infertility in women can result from pelvic adhesions, which can alter pelvic anatomy and interfere with ovum capture and transport, or from tubal or intrauterine adhesions that hinder sperm transport or embryo implantation. (medilib.ir)
ICSI2
  • The method of directly injecting a sperm into ovum in assisted reproductive technology is called (a) GIFT (b) ZIFT (c) ICSI (d) ET. (ncertmcq.com)
  • In ICSI, sperm is directly injected into ovum, in vitro to form zygote, which is implanted through ZIFT into woman. (ncertmcq.com)
Zygote1
  • The zygote then undergoes a defined development process that is known as human embryogenesis, and this starts the typical 9-month gestation period that is followed by childbirth. (wikipedia.org)
Ovulation3
  • In order for human reproduction to be achieved, an individual must have undergone puberty first, requiring ovulation in females and the spermarche in males to have occurred prior to engaging in sexual intercourse or achieving pregnancy through non-penetrative means. (wikipedia.org)
  • Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a simple treatment that places sperm directly within your uterus during ovulation, allowing healthy sperm to reach closer to your egg. (progenesisivf.com)
  • In a youthful ovary, multiple dormant primordial follicles with immature eggs activate and progress, and typically, only one follicle ultimately releases the mature egg/ovum (ovulation) as the dominant follicle. (novoslabs.com)
Mice3
  • Other recent studies verified the presence of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells of humans, monkeys, cattle, mice, and pigs. (bioone.org)
  • This review focuses on recent findings using genetically modified mice (gene knockouts and transgenic 'green acrosome' mice) to study the effects of eliminating acrosomal matrix-associated proteins on sperm structure and function. (nih.gov)
  • 2010). Notably, attempts to restore estrus cycles (similar to menstrual cycles in human women) by transplanting ovaries from young rats and mice into older ones proved unsuccessful (Peng, et al. (novoslabs.com)
Embryo1
  • Natural pregnancy results from sexual interaction in which the man's sperm is ejaculated into the vagina, where it travels to and fertilizes her egg, resulting in the formation of an embryo that implants in the womb. (progenesisivf.com)
Mammalian2
  • Mammalian sperm cells present highly specific lipidic composition, high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, plasmalogenes and sphingomyelins. (scialert.net)
  • In one of the most well-studied examples, the spermatozoa of all mammalian species must undergo a series of physiological changes, termed capacitation, in the female reproductive tract before realizing their potential to fertilize an ovum. (bvsalud.org)
Normal sperm1
  • Since, ROS is essential for the normal sperm physiology, rationale use of antioxidants is advocated. (scialert.net)
Follicle1
  • B12 deprivation affects how the ovum responds to the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), or what stimulates egg production. (tigertech.net)
Fallopian tubes1
  • In this process does the sperm visit the ovum within the female reproductive organ (at the fallopian tubes to be precise), and the ovum there receives the sperm. (arvindus.com)
Couples3
  • An abnormal postcoital test result is observed in 10% of infertile couples. (medscape.com)
  • An estimated 15% of couples meet this criterion and are considered infertile, with approximately 35% due to female factors alone, 30% due to male factors alone, 20% due to a combination of female and male factors, and 15% unexplained. (medscape.com)
  • The purpose of this program is to help infertile couples to conceive a baby. (sanfoundry.com)
Abnormal1
Suppress1
  • Chronic medical illnesses may directly suppress sex hormone production and sperm production, leading to end-organ failure. (medscape.com)
Genitals4
  • Before puberty, humans are infertile, as their genitals lack reproductive function (only being able to discharge urine). (wikipedia.org)
  • 1 It is used to refer to the physical interaction between bodies and their genitals. (arvindus.com)
  • The mentioning of the genitals is important because physical interaction between people in which the genitals are not involved is generally not considered as sex. (arvindus.com)
  • So this sexual intercourse by means of which the species are reproduced is primarily an interaction between male and female genitals or organs of reproduction. (arvindus.com)
Cervical5
  • ABSTRACT Anti-zona-pellucida autoantibodies (AZP-Ab) and anti-sperm isoantibodies (ASA) were as- sessed in the cervical secretions from 73 infertile Jordanian women and 41 fertile control women using latex agglutination. (who.int)
  • Using polymerase chain reaction Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum were detected in cervical secretions of 19.2% and 13.7% of infertile women, and the presence of mycoplasma was significantly correlated with the presence of AZP-Ab and ASA. (who.int)
  • Cervical mucus aids in carrying the sperm to the egg when the woman is ovulating. (tigertech.net)
  • While this may not seem like an important task, cervical fluid helps the sperm travel to the egg. (tigertech.net)
  • The thickness of your cervical mucus prevents the entry of sperm. (progenesisivf.com)
Acrosome biogenesis1
  • Some gene knockouts produce infertile phenotypes with obviously missing, specific activities that affect acrosome biogenesis during spermatogenesis or interfere with acrosome function in mature sperm. (nih.gov)
Uterus2
  • The hormone releasing IUDs (progestaserf, LNG-20), make the uterus unsuitable for implantation and the cervix hostile to the sperms. (ncertmcq.com)
  • Blighted ovum (egg) - A fertilized egg that implants itself in the uterus but does not develop normally. (nordicalagos.org)
Woman's2
  • During this process, the man inserts his erect penis into the woman's vagina and then either partner initiates rhythmic pelvic thrusts until the man achieves orgasm, which leads to ejaculation of semen containing sperm into the vaginal canal. (wikipedia.org)
  • All treatments that involve combining the eggs that were removed from a woman's ovaries with sperm to enable pregnancy. (nordicalagos.org)
Donors1
  • It works by collecting ova from female donors and sperms from male donors. (sanfoundry.com)
Fuses2
  • If an egg fuses with a sperm with a Y chromosome, the resulting individual is usually male. (en-academic.com)
  • If an egg fuses with a sperm with an X chromosome, the resulting individual is usually female. (en-academic.com)
Artificial3
  • Legal factors also play a vital role in the achievement of human reproduction: a minor under the age of consent cannot give legal consent to sexual intercourse or artificial alternatives to reproduction, the former case of which is liable to have the older party charged with statutory rape, depending on jurisdictions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human reproduction normally begins with copulation, though it may be achieved through artificial insemination, and is followed by nine months of pregnancy before childbirth. (wikipedia.org)
  • Science has developed artificial ways to fertilize ovums with sperms in laboratories, without the necessity of any physical contact between the man and the woman to whom the sex cells belong. (arvindus.com)
Fertility1
Vagina1
  • Just as the man enters the woman for a unification, and just as the penis enters the vagina to do the same, so does also the sperm enter the ovum for a unification by means of a fusion. (arvindus.com)
Contraceptives1
  • Men and women may be infertile, they may be using contraceptives, or they may have sex with those who belong to the same gender as themselves. (arvindus.com)
Gonadotropin1
Membrane2
  • Oxygen free radicals are naturally produced by mitochondrial and sperm plasma membrane and have beneficial and detrimental effects that cannot be overlooked. (scialert.net)
  • This unusual structure of sperm membrane is responsible for its flexibility and the functional ability of sperm cells. (scialert.net)
Fertilize1
  • In reality, looking at sperm under the microscope is not a very accurate way to assess their ability to fertilize an egg, but it is the best test currently available. (westonaprice.org)
Absence2
  • Thus, in the absence of, gonadotropins, ovum is not released and hence chances of fertilisation are nil upto 6 months following parturition (if the mother is regularly breast-feeding). (ncertmcq.com)
  • Azoospermia - The absence of sperm in semen. (nordicalagos.org)
Male4
  • It typically involves sexual intercourse between a sexually mature human male and female. (wikipedia.org)
  • The male reproductive system contains two main divisions: the testes where sperm are produced, and the penis which discharges the sperm as semen (this is known as an ejaculation). (wikipedia.org)
  • These roles of the male and female reproductive organs during sexual intercourse (and the roles of men and women in their sexual interaction in general), are analogous to the roles that the male sperm and the female ovum play in the process of conception. (arvindus.com)
  • The initial step in the evaluation of an infertile male is to obtain a thorough medical and urologic history. (medscape.com)
Concentration1
  • Infertile men may have deficiencies in sperm formation, concentration (eg, oligospermia [too few sperm], azoospermia [no sperm in the ejaculate]), or transportation. (medscape.com)
Pregnancy1
  • This protease activity has recently been ascribed to serine metalloprotease(s), including pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), which was first detected in human follicular fluid nearly 20 yr ago. (bioone.org)
Proteins2
  • Strikingly, 269 proteins had altered expression after 8 weeks when the hallmark pathological features of human COPD emerge, but this dropped to 27 changes at 12 weeks with disease progression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Differentially expressed proteins were validated using other mouse and human COPD bronchial biopsy samples. (bvsalud.org)
Reproductive system1
  • 1,2 The human reproductive system is prolific under ideal circumstances, but it is also fragile, and a lot can go wrong. (westonaprice.org)
Implantation1
  • Sperm analysis, pre-implantation genetic screening and endometrial receptivity should be considered and evaluated, and IVF protocols should be tailored to specific patients or patient populations. (biomedcentral.com)
Ovaries2
  • The ova, which are the female sex cells, are much larger than the spermatozoon and are normally formed within the ovaries of the female fetus before birth. (wikipedia.org)
  • Oocytes were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, matured in vitro, and injected with frozen-thawed stallion sperm. (bioone.org)
Genome2
  • This microbial metagenome acts as an "extended human genome," and, like our own genes, is highly specific to the individual. (frontiersin.org)
  • The human genome consists of two copies of each of 23 chromosomes (a total of 46). (en-academic.com)
Severe1
  • However, spermatozoa's lipids are the main substrates for peroxidation, which may provoke severe functional disorder of sperm. (scialert.net)
Interventional2
  • Investigations of the human microbiome are propelling interventional strategies from treating medical populations to treating individual patients. (frontiersin.org)
  • A number of animal studies and human interventional trials have evaluated a variety of techniques and materials designed to reduce and prevent postsurgical adhesions. (medilib.ir)
Endometrial1
  • Human umbilical cord platelet-rich plasma to treat endometrial pathologies: methodology, composition and pre-clinical models. (ivi-rmainnovation.com)
Spermatogenesis1
  • Using Western blot analysis, the affinity-purified polyclonal VCY2 antibody gave a single specific band of approximately 14 kDa in size, corresponding to the expected size of VCY2 in all the collected human testicular biopsy specimens with normal spermatogenesis. (bioone.org)
Function2
  • Reproduction is an expendable biologic function to the human body, in fact to all living systems. (westonaprice.org)
  • They are complementary because both need each other to fulfill their shared main function of reproduction of the human species. (arvindus.com)
Females1
  • There are two kinds of sex chromosomes- "X" and "Y" . In humans and in almost all other mammals, females carry two X chromosomes, designated XX, and males carry one X and one Y, designated XY. (en-academic.com)
Sexual4
  • A couple is considered infertile if they have not conceived after one year of frequent, unprotected sexual intercourse (if the woman is under age thirty-five). (westonaprice.org)
  • Normally the word 'sex' is associated with the human act of having sexual intercourse. (arvindus.com)
  • However the principle of sex itself is not limited to solely a sexual intercourse of two humans. (arvindus.com)
  • Sexual dimorphism in humans is the subject of much controversy, especially relating to mental ability and psychological gender. (en-academic.com)
Protein1
  • Equatorial segment protein (ESP), a novel 349-amino acid concanavalin-A-binding protein encoded by a two-exon gene ( SP-ESP ) located on chromosome 15 at q22, has been localized to the equatorial segment of ejaculated human sperm. (bioone.org)
Mature1
  • Subsequently, ESP was localized to electron-dense regions of the equatorial segment and the expanded equatorial bulb in elongating spermatids and mature sperm. (bioone.org)
Healthy2
  • A healthy sperm entering the ovum. (westonaprice.org)
  • Importantly, perturbations in the microbiome can lead to both metabolic and immune diseases, highlighting the importance of understanding the "healthy" human microbiome and its interaction with the host. (frontiersin.org)
Organs1
  • In humans, both of these organs are outside the abdominal cavity. (wikipedia.org)
Differences1
  • There are differences between these ideas about IVF, egg, and sperm donation. (tebmedtourism.com)
Cells1
  • These microbes (10 14 ) outnumber human cells by 10 to 1 and account for 3 × 10 6 genes, more than ten times the 25,000 human genes. (frontiersin.org)
Diseases1
  • NIEHS research uses state-of-the-art science and technology to investigate the interplay between environmental exposures, human biology, genetics, and common diseases to help prevent disease and improve human health. (nih.gov)
Survive1