Infectious diseases for antimicrobial resistance. Medical search. Frequent questions

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, changes in hospital infection prevention and control and antibiotic stewardship strategies have had implications for nosocomial infection rates and antimicrobial resistance [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Increased food demand, global commerce of perishable foods, and the growing threat of antibiotic resistance are driving factors elevating concern for food safety. (cdc.gov)
Since the introduction of antibiotics in the first half of the 20th century, Neisseria gonorrhoeae has successively developed resistance to each antibiotic recommended for gonorrhea treatment. (cdc.gov)
If local antibiotic use does lead to gonococcal resistance, then you would expect to find that counties with higher prescribing rates would also have more resistance. (cdc.gov)
So basically, lower MICs mean the bacteria get killed when exposed to only a little bit of antibiotic, which is good, and higher MICs mean the bacteria can survive despite being exposed to more and more antibiotics, which is bad, and can move the bacteria toward resistance. (cdc.gov)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has published several studies characterizing antibiotic prescribing during the COVID-19 pandemic in outpatient, nursing home, and hospital settings. (cdc.gov)
This note was first published as evidence submitted to the joint inquiry of the UK All-Party Parliamentary Groups (APPGs) on WASH and Antibiotics into the links between antibiotic resistance and lack of access to WASH. The written responses are available here . (cgdev.org)
Moreover, there is concern that with the rise of antibiotic resistance, previously treatable infections may become deadly, and communicable diseases may again be major causes of mortality. (cgdev.org)
Protozoa evolve antiprotozoal resistance, and bacteria evolve antibiotic resistance. (wikipedia.org)
Antibiotic resistance is a major subset of AMR, that applies specifically to bacteria that become resistant to antibiotics. (wikipedia.org)
The prevention of antibiotic misuse, which can lead to antibiotic resistance, includes taking antibiotics only when prescribed. (wikipedia.org)
Antimicrobial resistance is increasing globally due to increased prescription and dispensing of antibiotic drugs in developing countries. (wikipedia.org)
The burden of worldwide antibiotic resistance is not completely identified, but low-and middle- income countries with weaker healthcare systems are more affected, with mortality being the highest in sub-Saharan Africa. (wikipedia.org)
This analysis does not include mutations that may result in antibiotic resistance or resistance determinants added to newer versions of used database or other antimicrobial resistance gene databases. (cdc.gov)
and to what extent will this affect antibiotic resistance in different bacteria? (bmj.com)
Antibiotic misuse increases the risk of toxicity, raises healthcare costs, and selection of resistance. (springer.com)
Pediatric ASPs have a significant impact on the reduction of targeted and empiric antibiotic use, healthcare costs, and antimicrobial resistance in both inpatient and outpatient settings. (springer.com)
Nearly a century after the discovery of penicillin heralded the beginning of the antibiotic era, which has been associated with unparalleled improvements in human health and reductions in mortality associated with infection, the dwindling pipeline for new antibiotic classes coupled with the inevitable spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pose a major global challenge. (polimi.it)
Methods The authors built risk-structured 'susceptible-infectious-susceptible' models with and without the possibility of antibiotic resistance and used these models as a platform for the evaluation of competing plausible treatment strategies, including changing antimicrobial choice when resistance prevalence surpassed fixed thresholds, random assignment of treatment and use of combination antimicrobial therapy. (bmj.com)
When antimicrobial resistance exists, a focus on the core group causes rebound in incidence, with maximal dissemination of antibiotic resistance. (bmj.com)
The executive order is a first-of-its-kind effort to address antibiotic resistance, and highlights growing awareness of the issue. (stlukesonline.org)
Researchers have discovered new methods that could improve treatment for infectious diseases by enabling earlier detection of influenza outbreaks and curtailing inappropriate antibiotic usage. (news-medical.net)
Two major issues in the field of infectious diseases today are the threat of a global flu pandemic and the spread of antibiotic resistance. (news-medical.net)
One of the primary causes of antibiotic resistance is unnecessary antibiotic use, which happens because providers often have difficulty determining whether an infection is bacterial or viral in nature. (news-medical.net)
Antibiotic-resistant pathogens are a public health threat that has rapidly spread over decades due to continuous and uncontrolled administration of antimicrobial medicines, becoming an ever-increasing worldwide concern. (intechopen.com)
Antibiotic Resistance in Dermatology: Combating Resistance It's crucial that dermatologists aim to combat antibiotic resistance, given the high use of antibiotics in dermatology. (medscape.com)
Antibiotic Resistance in Dermatology: Mechanisms of Resistance This article presents a brief review of the use of antibiotics in dermatology, their mechanisms of action, and mechanisms by which antibiotic resistance develops. (medscape.com)
Antimicrobial Therapy of CAP During Stewardship Efforts Guideline recommendations for the treatment of community acquired pneumonia reflect efforts to improve antibiotic stewardship, but are these guidelines being followed? (medscape.com)
The rise of antibiotic-resistant infections - also called antimicrobial resistance, or AMR - is indeed a looming global crisis," said Michel Pairet, Head of Boehringer Ingelheim's Innovation Unit and Member of the Board of Managing Directors. (newswire.co.kr)
Antibiotic resistance kills about 1.27 million people globally every year[1] and it has been estimated that by 2050, as many as 10 million worldwide deaths could result from AMR[2], making it potentially deadlier than cancer. (newswire.co.kr)
Werner Lanthaler, CEO of Evotec added: "The grim prospect of a post-antibiotic era has many causes but only one solution: The development of new, targeted, and effective antimicrobial therapies. (newswire.co.kr)
What prompted your initial interest in antibiotic resistance? (sciencewatch.com)
One of the most intriguing and clinically relevant features of microbial biofilms is their significantly higher antibiotic resistance relative to their free-floating counterparts, which generates serious consequences for therapy of biofilm-associated infections. (medscape.com)
[ 10 ] Multiple biofilm-specific mechanisms are operated simultaneously in a reversible and transient manner contributing to the high levels of antibiotic resistance of biofilms, and these are distinct from the well-characterized intrinsic resistance mechanisms (e.g., expression of antibiotic-degrading enzymes, inducible decrease in antibiotic influx, inducible increase in antibiotic efflux and alteration in antibiotic target sites) employed by planktonic cells. (medscape.com)
If the time required for an antibiotic to penetrate biofilms is longer than the duration of antibiotic treatment, the slower penetration will explain the antibiotic resistance. (medscape.com)
Antimicrobials - which range from antibiotic and antiviral medicines to disinfectant and antiseptic chemicals - help prevent or treat human, animal and plant infections and have contributed immensely to health and progress worldwide. (globalissues.org)
The data set aims to create awareness about antibiotic resistance situation and advocate AMR control policies in participating countries. (who.int)
Commercial paper disks containing widely prescribed antimicrobial agents were used to perform the antibiotic susceptibility tests. (bvsalud.org)
Modulation of the avian innate immune system using immunostimulatory compounds provides a promising solution to enhance poultry immune responses to a broad range of bacterial infections without the risk of generating antibiotic resistance. (bvsalud.org)
But there is a growing problem of antibiotic resistance. (medlineplus.gov)
Antibiotic resistance can cause problems. (medlineplus.gov)
What Can Be Done about Antibiotic Resistance? (medlineplus.gov)
What Is Antibiotic Resistance? (medlineplus.gov)

Antibiotics and similar drugs, together called antimicrobial agents, have been used for the last 70 years to treat people who have infectious diseases. (cdc.gov)
However, these drugs have been used so widely and for so long that the infectious organisms the antibiotics are designed to kill are adapting to them, making the drugs less effective. (cdc.gov)
The high resistance pattern -especially in secondary microbial infections in COVID-19 patients- to most antibiotics used is a matter of great concern, portends an inevitable catastrophe, and requires continuous monitoring to avoid the evolution of new generations. (biomedcentral.com)
The excessive use of antibiotics or antifungals, empirical treatment without antimicrobial susceptibility testing and self-treatment lead to mutation and increased drug resistance [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We hear a lot about how use of antibiotics in the United States can cause resistance in other bacteria, but we don't know whether this is the case with Neisseria gonorrhoeae . (cdc.gov)
Because of the remarkable adaptation capabilities of microbes, many antibiotics and other antimicrobials have been rendered obsolete or far less effective due to the onset of antimicrobial resistance. (iselectfund.com)
Infections caused by resistant microbes are more difficult to treat, requiring higher doses of antimicrobial drugs, more expensive antibiotics, or alternative medications which may prove more toxic. (wikipedia.org)
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics are preferred over broad-spectrum antibiotics when possible, as effectively and accurately targeting specific organisms is less likely to cause resistance, as well as side effects. (wikipedia.org)
We believe it is: in the words of the House of Lords' report, "Resistance to antibiotics … constitutes a major threat to public health and ought to be recognised as such more widely than it is at present. (bmj.com)
3 What seems less controversial is the long term risk of spraying fruit trees in someparts of the world with antibiotics and adding 50-60 kg of an antimicrobial to eachacre of salmon farm. (bmj.com)
The World Health Organization has named antimicrobial resistance, caused by the overuse of antibiotics and other drugs, one of the top 10 public health threats. (xtalks.com)
We are fortunate to have a robust, multi-disciplinary antimicrobial stewardship team leading our efforts to assure our patients receive the right antibiotics for the right duration of time. (stlukesonline.org)
Within the United States, poverty-driven practices such as medication-sharing, use of "leftover" antibiotics, and the purchase and use of foreign-made drugs of questionable quality are likely contributing to antimicrobial resistance. (jabfm.org)
Antimicrobial resistance - the ability of bacteria to evolve resistance to drug treatments, including antibiotics - poses a major threat to health interventions ( McEwen and Collignon, 2018 ). (elifesciences.org)
Although antimicrobial resistance occurs naturally, the widespread and often uncontrolled use of antibiotics in both humans and livestock have exacerbated this ability. (elifesciences.org)
Overall, antimicrobial genes that provide protection against multiple drugs, and those that provide resistance against two common types of antibiotics (aminoglycosides and beta lactams) were both abundant and highly expressed. (elifesciences.org)
Having routine surgery such as caesarean sections or hip replacements may become life threatening, and complications from common diseases such as diabetes and injuries or cuts will become harder to manage because of growing resistance to antibiotics in patients. (newswire.co.kr)
We supply the most comprehensive integrated diagnostic solutions to support an appropriate use of antibiotics (antimicrobial stewardship)," said Alexandre Mérieux, bioMérieux Chairman and CEO. (newswire.co.kr)
Now, however, common antibiotics, as well as first-line antimicrobials for infectious diseases such as HIV and malaria, are becoming less effective . (globalissues.org)
These are global issues, much like climate change, where many countries need to band together to really move the needle toward limiting the emergence of resistance, preserving our antibiotics, and making new antibiotics. (medscape.com)
Antimicrobials - including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals and antiparasitics - are medicines used to prevent and treat infections in humans, animals and plants. (who.int)

As an Honorary Consultant in Infectious Diseases, my research focuses on the epidemiology of influenza and other respiratory viruses in the UK and sub-Saharan Africa including COVID-19. (gla.ac.uk)
Dr Elita Jauneikaite is an Advanced Research Fellow in Bacterial Genomics and Epidemiology at the Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology at Imperial College London. (polimi.it)
As her major research programme, Elita is investigating the disease-causing Group B Streptococcus (GBS) using large-scale genomic epidemiology in both high- and low-income country settings, bioinformatic analyses and molecular biology techniques to inform on evolution, mother-to-baby transmission, and emergence of antimicrobial resistance patterns of this pathogen. (polimi.it)
Our stewardship team members follow best practice guidelines published by the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2 , Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2 , and The Centers for Disease Control 3 . (stlukesonline.org)
The pandemic can be an opportunity for the country to strengthen surveillance capacity through wastewater-based epidemiology for COVID-19 and antimicrobial resistance. (who.int)

10 x '20 Progress: Development of New Drugs Active against Gram-negative Bacilli - An Update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)
Helen Boucher and I had the honor of representing the Infectious Diseases Society of America at the recent opening week of the United Nations General Assembly for an unprecedented universal affirmation of a resolution highlighting the importance of antimicrobial resistance. (medscape.com)

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to CLSI guidelines. (biomedcentral.com)
Reporting of susceptibility testing results is a key reference to choose the correct antimicrobial and avoiding the emergence of new antimicrobial resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
MIC results for each antimicrobial agent for an isolate may commonly be ± 1 log2 (doubling dilution) different than what is posted on the FDA & CDC AR Bank website because this is the normal technical variability of antimicrobial susceptibility testing (see J. H. Jorgensen. (cdc.gov)
The susceptibility of N. gonorrhoeae to ciprofloxacin is used to assess susceptibility to all equivalent fluoroquinolone antimicrobials. (cdc.gov)
The Hawaii Department of Health State Laboratory (HSL) routinely performs antimicrobial susceptibility testing on all gonococcal isolates identified by culture. (cdc.gov)
The 26 sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in the United States that participate in GISP collect male urethral gonococcal cultures and submit them to one of five regional GISP laboratories for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. (cdc.gov)
Of these, 256 (50%) were diagnosed by culture and underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing at HSL. (cdc.gov)
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing records of gonococcal isolates originating in Hawaii from HSL, GISP, and CDC were reviewed to identify CipR gonococcal isolates and determine their prevalence in Hawaii. (cdc.gov)
Among isolates tested for susceptibility to other antimicrobial agents, no evidence was found of decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone, cefixime, or azithromycin, or resistance to spectinomycin. (cdc.gov)

Gonococcal AMR surveillance nationally and internationally, to identify emerging resistance and inform treatment guidelines, is imperative for public health purposes. (biomedcentral.com)
Much study and intervention has focused on the surveillance of hospitals and on the education of physicians, but little research has been done in the United States regarding the role of poverty in antimicrobial resistance. (jabfm.org)
Earlier detection of disease activity might trigger new or enhanced surveillance. (news-medical.net)
Our work showed that it is theoretically possible to use the simple fact that a test was ordered and performed as a means of detecting early respiratory disease activity,' Astles said, and cautioned that this approach could not replace, but might possibly augment, traditional influenza surveillance. (news-medical.net)
This could be especially helpful for other diseases that have less effective surveillance systems. (news-medical.net)
Comprehensive surveillance has many purposes, only one of which is detection of apparent disease activity. (news-medical.net)
Dr. Rochelle Walensky begins her term as the director of the CDC with the goal of rapidly accelerating COVID-19 testing, surveillance, and vaccination, while confronting the public health challenges posed by suicide, substance use disorder and overdose, chronic diseases, and the tolls caused by social and racial injustice and inequity. (cdc.gov)
Is the Subject Area "Infectious disease surveillance" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
Wastewater Surveillance for Infectious Disease This comprehensive review outlines the pathogens that have been studied via wastewater surveillance prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. (medscape.com)
This data set describes antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data from the WHO European Region gathered through the Central Asian and Eastern European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (CAESAR) network and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net). (who.int)
Data from the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net). (who.int)
They hope to get antimicrobial surveillance, resistance, and stewardship programs in place at most hospitals by the year 2020. (medscape.com)

The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in some Egyptian hospitals was high among Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria, and candida spp. (biomedcentral.com)
Resistance in bacteria can arise naturally by genetic mutation, or by one species acquiring resistance from another. (wikipedia.org)
Antimicrobial medications are a group of drugs used to fight different kinds of micro-organisms, collectively named as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. (who.int)
Bacteria in humans, food and animals continue to show resistance to the most widely used antimicrobials, says the latest report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic bacteria in Europe. (imperial.ac.uk)
Marta Hugas, Head of EFSA's Biological Hazards and Contaminants unit, said: "In northern Europe, there is lower resistance in bacteria from poultry, particularly in countries with low use of antimicrobials in animals. (imperial.ac.uk)
Resistance to widely used antimicrobials, such as ciprofloxacin, was commonly detected in bacteria from humans and poultry. (imperial.ac.uk)
The prevalence of multi-drug resistance was high in bacteria in humans (26%), and especially high in broiler and turkey meat (24.8% and 30.5%, respectively). (imperial.ac.uk)
Some types of Salmonella bacteria, namely Salmonella Kentucky and Salmonella Infantis, are of particular concern as they showed high level of resistance to ciprofloxacin and high multi-drug resistance. (imperial.ac.uk)
Bacteriophages can act on delivering antimicrobial agents into bacteria, which consist in a likely instrument for the treatment of infectious diseases. (intechopen.com)
Bacteria - including the ones carrying antimicrobial resistance genes - also enter the wastewater system. (elifesciences.org)
One of these was a gene called YojI, which encodes resistance to microcin, a common toxin that is widely produced by bacteria and other prokaryotic species. (elifesciences.org)
next focused on two relevant types of mobile genetic elements that convey antimicrobial resistance genes: plasmids (small, circular DNA molecules) and bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria). (elifesciences.org)
Bacteria, fungi, and viruses are responsible for a range of human diseases. (hindawi.com)
My job was to understand the genetic basis for the resistance in gonococcus, but also more broadly to understand resistance and how it evolves in a variety of different bacteria. (sciencewatch.com)
Data on antimicrobial use in plants is limited, but the presence of resistant bacteria has been detected on 25% of plant-based foods from all world regions, indicating that food likely is contributing to greater AMR. (globalissues.org)
Blood and saliva can transport viruses and pathogenic bacteria which could cause anything from the common cold to other more serious diseases such as labial herpes, hepatitis B and C, pneumonia, tuberculosis and, more rarely, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (bvsalud.org)
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens the effective prevention and treatment of an ever-increasing range of infections caused by bacteria, parasites, viruses and fungi. (who.int)
AMR occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change over time and no longer respond to medicines making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death. (who.int)

Rising drug resistance is caused mainly by use of antimicrobials in humans and other animals, and spread of resistant strains between the two. (wikipedia.org)
thus, leading to exacerbation of the antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR) [2-3]. (who.int)
Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide problem that has deleterious long-term effects as the development of drug resistance outpaces the development of new drugs. (jabfm.org)

Identification of the pathogens responsible for different microbial infections and antimicrobial resistance patterns are important to help clinicians to choose the correct empirical drugs and provide optimal patient care. (biomedcentral.com)
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (35%) were the most prevalent microbial isolates and showed high resistance rates towards penicillin, ampicillin, and cefixime, followed by Klebsiella spp. (biomedcentral.com)
3 This week the Danish Chief Medical Officer, Einar Krag, has called together colleagues from the European Union and their advisors for a conference on "the microbial threat" to "assess the strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistant micro-organisms. (bmj.com)
There has been an important increase in the emergence of resistance in microbial population worldwide. (intechopen.com)
The ability to detect and prevent the evolutionary trajectories of microbial resistance would be of value. (intechopen.com)
Microbial communities in wastewater treatment plants provide insights into the development and mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. (elifesciences.org)
To better understand the mechanisms underlying antimicrobial resistance within microbial communities in wastewater, de Nies et al. (elifesciences.org)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. (cdc.gov)
Announcer] This program is presented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
This content and conclusions are those of the author and presenter and do not necessarily represent the views of, nor should any endorsements be inferred by, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
Laboratory safety is discussed in the current publication of 'BioSafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories' from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. (cdc.gov)
Kersten is a board certified internist and infectious diseases specialist with over 15 years of clinical practice and clinical research practice at University Medical Centers in Germany, the US and Australia. (xtalks.com)
Shown here are two notable examples identified by the Centers for Disease Control. (stlukesonline.org)
The Joint Commission has recognized the need for antimicrobial stewardship , as have the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (medscape.com)

Nosocomial or healthcare-associated infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant pathogens represent a serious burden and ongoing threat to patients' health and safety [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, in Singapore, addresses a range of diseases, from COVID-19 and its mutations to many other pathogens. (nature.com)
Currently, Dr Jauneikaite is the Research Lead for the Priority Pathogens theme at the National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London. (polimi.it)
The goal is to turn this into a precision approach, using new highly effective and targeted modalities, combined with rapid and actionable diagnostics to quickly identify pathogens and their resistance patterns, and supported by new economic models. (newswire.co.kr)
Dr. Sapkota is interested in understanding how bacterial pathogens become resistant to antimicrobials and finding the way to deal with multidrug resistant infections. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Consequently, to find effective solutions for the prevention and control of the major diseases limiting fish production in aquaculture, multidisciplinary studies on the traits of potential fish pathogens, the biology of the fish as hosts, and an adequate understanding of the global environmental factors are fundamental. (bvsalud.org)
This review highlights the various bacterial diseases and their causative pathogens prevalent in the pisciculture industry and the current solutions while emphasising marine fish species. (bvsalud.org)
METHODS: We developed a static proportional impact model to estimate the vaccination impact on 15 bacterial pathogens in terms of reduction in age-specific AMR burden estimates for 2019 from the Global Research on Antimicrobial Resistance project in direct proportion to efficacy, coverage, target population for protection, and duration of protection of existing and future vaccines. (bvsalud.org)

The EU has long been at the forefront in the fight against antimicrobial resistance and is a leader in the field. (imperial.ac.uk)

CDC leadership and global leaders met to discuss the need for increased efforts to test and treat persons with latent TB infection to prevent TB disease. (cdc.gov)
My research focuses on companion animal virology and immunology with a view to understanding disease pathogenesis, correlates of immunity to infection and the development of novel approaches to the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of viral diseases. (gla.ac.uk)
Common klebsiellae infections in humans include (1) community-acquired pneumonia, (2) UTI, (3) nosocomial infection, (4) rhinoscleroma and ozena, (5) chronic genital ulcerative disease, and (6) colonization. (medscape.com)
It has a very interesting history-it is talking about the development of resistance in Staphylococcus aureus , which is a very common infection, both in hospitals and community settings. (sciencewatch.com)
Damage to the brain due to an accident, stroke, tumour, infection, or neurodegenerative diseases results in cognitive, physical and emotional disabilities, which affect millions of people in Australia and the world. (aips.net.au)
Meanwhile, antimicrobial use in animal farming is nearly triple that of human consumption and is on track to reach 200,235 tons in animals and 13,600 tons in aquaculture by 2030 as producers work to reduce infection and increase animal growth. (globalissues.org)

One isolate was resistant to cefixime, but no resistance to ceftriaxone or spectinomycin was found. (biomedcentral.com)
Microbes resistant to multiple antimicrobials are called multidrug resistant (MDR) and are sometimes referred to as a superbugs. (wikipedia.org)
Resistance can appear spontaneously because of random mutations, but also arises through spreading of resistant genes through horizontal gene transfer. (wikipedia.org)
Antifungal resistance is a subset of AMR, that specifically applies to fungi that have become resistant to antifungals. (wikipedia.org)
4 The interpretation of resistant is due to intrinsic resistance for this species-drug combination rather than the MIC. (cdc.gov)
4 The MIC Interpretation has been defaulted to "Resistant" due to known intrinsic resistance for this bacterial species in the wild-type population. (cdc.gov)
The global threat of emerging or resistant infections must be viewed first and foremost in [the context of investing in national defense and security], with all countries committed to providing financing, intellectual capital, and available resources to support the discovery, development, manufacture, stockpiling, and equitable distribution of new antimicrobial agents and vaccines. (kff.org)
Conclusions Gonorrhoea control is achievable only when core groups are treated, but treatment of core groups maximises dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant strains. (bmj.com)
In developing countries, factors such as inadequate access to effective drugs, unregulated dispensing and manufacture of antimicrobials, and truncated antimicrobial therapy because of cost are contributing to the development of multidrug-resistant organisms. (jabfm.org)
1-3 Multiple poverty-driven factors that contribute to the development of multidrug-resistant organisms have been identified, some of which may be directly affecting resistance in the United States. (jabfm.org)
Reasons for multidrug-resistant organisms in developing countries are numerous, but the inadequate access to effective drugs, the unregulated manufacture and dispensation of antimicrobials, and the lack of money available to pay for appropriate, high-quality medications are some of the major poverty-driven factors contributing to antimicrobial resistance. (jabfm.org)
So there were lots of predictions that Staphylococcus aureus would also become vancomycin resistant, because we knew this genetic resistance could pass from one organism to another. (sciencewatch.com)
Here's the scenario: you have a relatively avirulent organism, the Enterococcus , which just happens to have lots of resistance genes in it, and one of them produces very high levels of resistance to vancomycin, which is the drug of choice for treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which at this point in time was starting to become epidemic in hospitals around the world. (sciencewatch.com)
HAMILTON, Canada, Nov 23 (IPS) - The overuse and misuse of antimicrobial medicines and chemicals has become the main driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and drug-resistant infections that threaten human health and the global economy. (globalissues.org)
The World Health Organization reports that 700,000 people die from drug-resistant diseases every year. (globalissues.org)
Unsafe disposal of antimicrobials and wastewater from hospitals, pharmaceutical manufacturers , municipal treatment plants, and farms are recognized as hotspots for the introduction and evolution of more resistant strains (i.e., superbugs ). (globalissues.org)
For any of us laboring in infectious diseases, this has been a slow-moving and persistent problem, ranging from [inpatient management of] resistant organisms to helping outpatients with resistant urinary tract infections. (medscape.com)

Similarly, the use of antifungals in agriculture increases selective pressure in fungal populations which triggers the emergence of antifungal resistance. (wikipedia.org)
Your most-cited paper is the 1999 New England Journal of Medicine article on the emergence of vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (Smith TL, et al . (sciencewatch.com)

There are public calls for global collective action to address the threat that include proposals for international treaties on antimicrobial resistance. (wikipedia.org)
Vytenis Andriukaitis, EU Commissioner for Health and Food Safety, said: "Every year in the EU, infections caused by antimicrobial resistance lead to about 25,000 deaths - but the threat is not confined to Europe. (imperial.ac.uk)
This threat makes the very important work of antimicrobial stewardship being performed by dedicated teams of staff and physicians across St. Luke's even more critical to the safety and well-being of our patients, staff and community. (stlukesonline.org)
INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health threat with 1.27 million and 4.95 million deaths attributable to and associated with bacterial AMR, respectively, in 2019. (bvsalud.org)

Antimicrobial resistance, if left unchecked, could become deadlier than cancer by 2050 (10 million deaths), according to the World Health Organization. (iselectfund.com)
Consequently, fears from reaching post- antimicrobial era have pushed this issue into the global agenda of World Health Organization [2]. (who.int)
Poverty has been cited by the World Health Organization as a major force driving the development of antimicrobial resistance. (jabfm.org)
According to the World Health Organization, "more than any other issue, poverty and inadequate access to drugs continue to be a major force in the development of resistance. (jabfm.org)
Data has been collected by the Control of Antimicrobial Resistance Programme at the Division of Health Emergencies and Communicable Diseases, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe and the ECDC EARS-Net. (who.int)

The technology could form the basis of a new generation of vaccines for diseases such as HIV/AIDS and malaria. (nature.com)
He has been involved in numerous Phase I - Phase III studies for antimicrobials, antivirals and vaccines resulting in many international, peer reviewed publications. (xtalks.com)
Our aim is to estimate the vaccine avertable bacterial AMR burden based on existing and future vaccines at the regional and global levels by pathogen and infectious syndromes. (bvsalud.org)

Moreover, about half of Staphylococcus aureus strains were MRSA isolates and reported low rates of resistance to glycylcycline and linezolid. (biomedcentral.com)
I will share examples of my work on applying bacterial genomics to better understand disease-causing bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance patterns by analysing large-scale datasets and how application of DNA sequencing technologies to investigate hospital clusters of bacterial isolates with unusual antimicrobial activity transforms our epidemiological understanding of such hospital clusters and provides novel insights into resistance vectors. (polimi.it)
Antimicrobial resistance in urinary bacterial isolates from pregnant women in rural Tanzania: Implications for public health. (uib.no)
From January 1990 through September 1999, 105 gonococcal isolates were identified that were CipR (n=48) or had intermediate resistance to ciprofloxacin (CipI) (n=57). (cdc.gov)

It is a truism that antimicrobial drugs select for resistance, but explaining pathogen- and population-specific variation in patterns of resistance remains an open problem. (nih.gov)
The year before that, high-level penicillin resistance had also appeared in another pathogen that used to be widespread, called Haemophilus influenzae , the organism that causes bacterial meningitis and lots of ear infections in kids. (sciencewatch.com)
RESULTS: The AMR burden avertable by vaccination in 2019 was highest for the WHO Africa and South-East Asia regions, for lower respiratory infections, tuberculosis, and bloodstream infections by infectious syndromes, and for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Streptococcus pneumoniae by pathogen. (bvsalud.org)

However, we have reason to suspect the current economic burden of bacterial infections and resistance is already quite high. (cgdev.org)
Antimicrobial drug abuse and misuse contribute to huge disease and economic burden in developing countries, leading to higher economic costs, lower treatment efficiency and greater health risks [4]. (who.int)
Overall incidence rates of active TB remain stagnated, and the burden of disease continues to concentrate among certain populations that are disproportionately represented among the new cases. (nccid.ca)
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major health burden which urgently needs to be addressed. (dutchnews.nl)
Relative to most OECD countries levels of risky health behaviour are low, but like Japan's OECD peers a growing burden of non-communicable diseases, and a growing elderly population, are significant health challenges. (oecd-ilibrary.org)

This is Paul Auwaerter, speaking for Medscape Infectious Diseases and from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases. (medscape.com)

The primary aim of this systematic review is to summarize the current state of evidence of the implementation and outcomes of pediatric antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) globally. (springer.com)

Challenges within the regulatory and business models surrounding antimicrobials have slowed their development and created not only a need for better antimicrobial stewardship, but also for systems and models that encourage the development of new therapies. (iselectfund.com)
New technologies and discoveries are enabling a better understanding of precision diagnostics and therapies that can help aid in fighting antimicrobial resistance, and new organizations and partnerships are being developed to incentivize the development of new therapies and technologies. (iselectfund.com)
Calls for new antimicrobial therapies have been issued, but there is very little development of new drugs which would lead to an improved research process. (wikipedia.org)

2363) to combat antimicrobial drug misuse and abuse. (who.int)
However, antimicrobial abuse and misuse are still considered common in the absence of well-coordinated efforts to correct publics misconceptions and malpractices regarding antimicrobial drugs. (who.int)
We conducted a qualitative study to obtain rich and detailed explanatory data highlighting factors that affect antimicrobial drug abuse and misuse. (who.int)

The Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation estimates that 18 percent of deaths globally are from infectious disease. (cgdev.org)
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number 1 cause of death globally, taking an estimated 17.9 million lives each year. (who.int)

This capsule encases the entire cell surface, accounts for the large appearance of the organism on gram stain, and provides resistance against many host defense mechanisms. (medscape.com)
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microbes evolve mechanisms that protect them from the effects of antimicrobials (drugs used to treat infections). (wikipedia.org)
Extended use of antifungals leads to development of antifungal resistance through various mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
CTB is also proven to possess neuroprotective mechanisms, contribute to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, induce wound-healing effects, and improve the efficiency of drug delivery and treatment of inflammatory diseases. (mdpi.com)
By working toward stronger understandings of disease mechanisms with a focus on novel and innovative therapeutics and preventatives, these researchers are tackling head-on some of tomorrow's most concerning risks. (msu.edu)

These microorganisms can sometimes gain resistance to the drugs through mutations or gene exchange [1]. (who.int)
Plant-symbiont microorganisms are capable of producing a variety of bioactive natural products, making it possible to treat several infectious diseases. (intechopen.com)
The growing antimicrobial resistance and persistence of pathogenic microorganisms in infections-particularly in nosocomial infections-have become a major problem for public health worldwide. (intechopen.com)

Socioeconomic and behavioral studies of antimicrobial practice, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs within various poverty-stricken communities in the United States may yield insight into a contributing yet understudied factor in antimicrobial resistance and may lead to more effective interventions to combat resistance. (jabfm.org)

Robert Kirkcaldy] So based on data from GISP, we know there are differences in resistance patterns among different populations in the United States. (cdc.gov)
Level B data provides an indication of the resistance patterns present in clinical settings in the country, but the proportion of resistance should be interpreted with care. (who.int)

Promote health improvement, wellness, and disease prevention in cooperation with patients, communities, at-risk populations, and other members of an interprofessional team of healthcare providers. (cdc.gov)
New zoonotic diseases, which grab a foothold in animal vectors and later spread into human populations or vice-versa, are especially concerning. (msu.edu)
On many fronts, [such as] tuberculosis, malaria , or illnesses affecting animal populations, antimicrobial resistance has taken on great importance in the United States. (medscape.com)

Interestingly, the most highly expressed genes were related to resistance against antimicrobial peptides, which are part of the innate immune system in multicellular organisms. (elifesciences.org)
Given that preexisting methods are known to have several disadvantages, other sustainable alternatives like antimicrobial peptides, synthetic peptides, probiotics, and medicinal treatments have emerged to be an enormous potential solution to these challenges. (bvsalud.org)

Cite this: Antimicrobial Resistance Hits Global Stage at UN Summit - Medscape - Nov 02, 2016. (medscape.com)

In Saipan, staff conducted a three-day training on the 2020 Report of Verified Case of Tuberculosis (RVCT) and attended the Pacific Islands TB Controllers Association (PITCA) Conference, where TB professionals, clinicians, and partners shared their cross-cutting and disease-specific expertise in TB. (cdc.gov)

All classes of microbes can evolve resistance where the drugs are no longer effective. (wikipedia.org)

One could argue that environmental water AMR protection is inherent in measures that reduce antimicrobial use upstream, and enhance WASH and municipal and industrial wastewater treatment strategies downstream . (globalissues.org)
But wastewater treatment from a major contributor to environmental pollution - agriculture - tends to be overlooked, despite the facts that this industry uses the largest amount of antimicrobials, 70% of global freshwater , and discharges the majority of its wastewater and runoff untreated into the environment. (globalissues.org)

Gonorrhoea and widely spread antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in its etiological agent Neisseria gonorrhoeae are major public health concerns worldwide. (biomedcentral.com)
Resistance to widely used antimicrobials was commonly detected in Salmonella from humans (tetracyclines 30%, sulphonamides 28.2%, ampicillin 28.2%) and poultry. (imperial.ac.uk)

She has worked more than 20 years in both the role of medical director at medium-large pharmaceutical companies as well as medical director at contract research organizations in the field of infectious disease. (xtalks.com)

Non-enveloped bacteriophages are more difficult to tolerate photoinactivation than enveloped phages, which makes them an important model tool to evaluate the efficiency of PDI therapy against viruses that cause diseases in humans. (intechopen.com)
Increasingly, multilateral organizations and national governments are adopting measures to reduce unnecessary antimicrobial use by humans, including in our food chain. (globalissues.org)
The excessive use of antimicrobials in humans, animals, and plants also puts environmental health at risk. (globalissues.org)
Depending on the drug, humans and animals can excrete waste with up to 90% of antimicrobial compounds or metabolites still active, which can end up untreated in the environment. (globalissues.org)

The UN HLM on TB was the fifth time the UN has called for a high-level meeting devoted to a health issue, the first being the 2001 Special Session on HIV/AIDS, followed by UN HLMs on Non-Communicable Diseases, Ebola, and Antimicrobial Resistance. (cdc.gov)
It is only the fourth time the United Nations has sponsored such a health-related resolution-the others being HIV , Ebola , and noncommunicable infectious diseases. (medscape.com)

If untreated, gonorrhea can cause severe reproductive health complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility, may facilitate HIV transmission, and can infrequently cause dangerous bloodstream infections. (cdc.gov)
President & CEO: Isao Teshirogi, Ph.D.) (hereafter "Shionogi") today announces the back to back publication of two studies in The Lancet Infectious Diseases journal highlighting the efficacy and safety of cefiderocol against some of the most difficult-to-treat Gram-negative bacterial infections, including nosocomial pneumonia (NP), bloodstream infections (BSI), sepsis, and complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI). (dutchnews.nl)

CDC hosted the 10th International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases in Atlanta, Georgia, August 26-29, 2018 . (cdc.gov)

This is in strict concordance with the global action plan and European response plan to combat gonococcal AMR published by the WHO [ 19 , 20 ] and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) [ 21 ], respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
The findings of this latest annual Europe-wide report by EFSA and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) underline again that antimicrobial resistance poses a serious risk to human and animal health. (imperial.ac.uk)
EARS-Net: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. (who.int)

Resistance to antifungals can arise naturally, for example by genetic mutation or through aneuploidy. (wikipedia.org)

During 2010-2013, the N. gonorrhoeae population in Belarus displayed high and relatively stable resistance levels to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and penicillin G, while the resistance to azithromycin declined. (biomedcentral.com)
N. gonorrhoeae has developed antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to all drugs previously recommended for treatment of gonorrhoea. (biomedcentral.com)
Background Genital tract infections caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae are a major cause of sexually transmitted disease worldwide. (bmj.com)

And many experts are growing increasingly concerned that resistance to these drugs might be emerging. (cdc.gov)
The aim of this project stream at NCCID is to provide the most recent information available on emerging infectious diseases (EIDs): an EID is an infectious disease that has appeared in a population for the first time, or that may have existed previously but is rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range. (nccid.ca)
Resistance to antimicrobial agents is an emerging problem worldwide. (cdc.gov)
Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases threaten human and animal lives and way of life. (msu.edu)
The College's initiative and capacity to make these moves are supported by critical stakeholders in the race against emerging and reemerging infectious diseases. (msu.edu)
This capacity can translate to detection and monitoring for other emerging infectious diseases. (who.int)

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the ten major public health threats facing humanity, especially in developing countries. (biomedcentral.com)
Country investments should be pooled to create a substantial pipeline of products to combat infectious threats. (kff.org)
An alternative would be to create a full-fledged, global, not-for-profit pharmaceutical company with a research budget equal to that of the world's top five for-profit companies, and with the singular objective of creating a pipeline of products to address the challenge of infectious threats. (kff.org)

The resistance gene that caused the resistance to penicillin in Haemophilus , that genetic information, was actually shared with gonococcus, and now gonococcus was becoming harder to treat around the world. (sciencewatch.com)

The patient population in the CREDIBLE-CR study represents a real clinical scenario with the highest unmet need and provides descriptive evidence that cefiderocol may be a treatment option for physicians treating such critically ill patients," commented Professor Matteo Bassetti, Lead Author and Head of the Infectious Diseases Clinic, San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy. (dutchnews.nl)
Shelley provides executive leadership and oversight for ICON's clinical and project management teams in the implementation and execution of vaccine and infectious disease clinical development programs. (xtalks.com)
With a clinical background in Infectious Diseases, Caroline's experience in Africa included senior roles as HIV/AIDS Advisor for both the World Bank and the Irish Government. (xtalks.com)
Senior Medical Director and leads the medical team dedicated to infectious diseases clinical trials for the Europe and Asia-Pacific region. (xtalks.com)
Dr. Neddie Zadeikis is an internist and infectious disease specialist who after 5 years of clinical practice of infectious disease transitioned into industry. (xtalks.com)
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2014. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)

Antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem that causes over 700,000 deaths every year around the world [ 4 ] and is expected to cause the deaths of 10 million people by 2050 [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In those countries, 23% of deaths were attributable to infectious and parasitic disease. (jabfm.org)
TB is also responsible for a quarter of all deaths associated with Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). (sbir.gov)

Since the 1940s, these drugs have greatly reduced illness and death from infectious diseases. (cdc.gov)
showed high resistance rates between 77 and 100% to azole drugs and terbinafine, while no resistance rate towards nystatin was reported. (biomedcentral.com)
Although antimicrobial resistance is a naturally occurring process, it is often the result of improper usage of the drugs and management of the infections. (wikipedia.org)
Growing resistance has also been linked to releasing inadequately treated effluents from the pharmaceutical industry, especially in countries where bulk drugs are manufactured. (wikipedia.org)
Nowadays, plants are considered a valuable source of unique natural compounds used in the development of antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancerous, and antimicrobial drugs. (hindawi.com)
however, a dramatic increase in resistance to antimicrobial drugs has been observed. (hindawi.com)
The resistance to these drugs has also led to the reemergence of old infectious diseases. (hindawi.com)

Colistin should be used in combination with one or more active antimicrobial agents. (cdc.gov)
The increasing resistance problems of recent years are probably related to the use of increasingly broad spectrum agents (cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones) and crowding of the most vulnerable members of society in day care centres and nursing homes. (bmj.com)
as a result, CDC recommended that other antimicrobial agents be used to treat gonorrhea. (cdc.gov)
The aim of this study was to quantify Staphylococcus aureus isolated from materials used in radiographic processing, as well as to determine their sensitivity to antimicrobial agents commonly used in dentistry. (bvsalud.org)

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is the biggest killer among infectious diseases. (sbir.gov)

Viruses evolve antiviral resistance. (wikipedia.org)
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) represents an efficient alternative treatment for diseases caused by viruses, which can cause infections well documented in various mammals. (intechopen.com)

Random assignment of antimicrobial treatment class outperformed the use of fixed resistance thresholds with respect to sustained reduction in gonorrhoea prevalence. (bmj.com)

In an outbreak, earlier detection of influenza or any infectious disease activity could improve the ability of health agencies to respond appropriately. (news-medical.net)

The main aim of this research project is to improve the awareness of the community in Lebanon regarding the consequences of antimicrobial medicines abuse. (who.int)
To develop a strategy that addresses the determinants of antimicrobial medicines abuse in Lebanon. (who.int)

This Nature Index supplement shines a light on some of the research, and the people and institutions behind it, that aims to reduce the staggering human and economic cost of communicable disease. (nature.com)
The impact of some of the world's deadliest diseases, and the research effort that goes into them. (nature.com)
During the COVID-19 pandemic, priorities changed with action against antimicrobial resistance slowing due to scientists and governments focusing more on SARS-CoV-2 research. (wikipedia.org)
Elita's research focuses on evolution, transmission and antimicrobial resistance of vaccine preventable, and healthcare associated bacterial infections. (polimi.it)
We help public health practitioners find, understand and use infectious disease research and evidence. (nccid.ca)
Mathematical modelling is a research method that can inform public health planning and infectious disease control. (nccid.ca)
Poverty probably plays a role in antimicrobial resistance within the United States as well, but little research has occurred in this area. (jabfm.org)
Many studies have investigated the antioxidant properties of natural products, but despite the large number of natural products that are currently studied, the search for new natural compounds with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities still remains a growing research area. (hindawi.com)
This special issue aims to highlight the recent research on new trends and on new antimicrobial and antioxidant natural compounds obtained from medicinal plants. (hindawi.com)
bioMérieux has over 55 years of diagnostics expertise with more than 75 percent of its research and development budget focused on antimicrobial resistance. (newswire.co.kr)
His research interests include antimicrobial resistance, antimicrobial discovery, and infectious diseases. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Dr Bruestle's research focuses on a type of adaptive immune cell called T helper 17 (Th17) cells, which are found in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions and play an important role in disease development. (aips.net.au)
Recently he was awarded a $297,000 research grant (ABRS) to describe new species of Australian mosquitoes that will help entomologists identify those that carry diseases like Ross River Fever. (aips.net.au)
Innovation, research, and development support for new antimicrobial products. (medscape.com)

Campylobacter - Campylobacteriosis, the disease caused by Campylobacter, is the most commonly reported foodborne disease in the EU. (imperial.ac.uk)

Factors associated with severe disease from malaria, pneumonia and diarrhea among children in rural Tanzania - A hospital-based cross-sectional study. (uib.no)

More than 60 percent of infectious diseases are of animal origin, and 90 percent of all endemic infections are zoonotic. (msu.edu)

Nobelpharma is a niche Japanese pharmaceutical company with a mission to deliver treatments for rare diseases. (nature.com)
As resistance to antimicrobials becomes more common there is greater need for alternative treatments. (wikipedia.org)
Both in vitro and in vivo studies with the aim of relating antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of extracts, fractions, synergistic mixtures, and single pure compounds to possible treatments of human disorders and diseases are encouraged. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, reemerging diseases-those which have evolved beyond the efficacy of their established treatments and preventatives, or for which established preventatives are underutilized-increase the risk of severe illness and other negative health outcomes. (msu.edu)

Awareness of the undesirable consequences of its widespread occurrence has led to the initiation of antimicrobial agent resistance monitoring programs in several countries. (cdc.gov)
That was a very exciting time in the lab-the first time that this epidemic, sexually-transmitted disease was ever known to fail therapy on a widespread basis. (sciencewatch.com)

By leveraging Evotec's multimodality approach to infectious diseases, we are confident that Aurobac will be able to generate much-needed progress to tackle the global challenge of AMR. (newswire.co.kr)
Evotec has built a world-leading platform to tackle infectious diseases. (newswire.co.kr)

The report also includes information on the occurrence of Salmonella and E. coli strains that produce an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and/or a carbapenemase, enzymes that confer resistance to the critically important third-generation antimicrobials cephalosporins and carbapenems, respectively. (imperial.ac.uk)

Register for the webinar to learn about the antimicrobial resistance crisis and what the biopharma and healthcare industries can do to mitigate the impact of future pandemics. (xtalks.com)
He added: 'We hope that this approach can be tried by other healthcare systems with large administrative data sets because it doesn't require knowledge of the test results, allowing the use of various indicators for disease activity. (news-medical.net)

Scientists warn that resistance to ciprofloxacin, an antimicrobial that is critically important for the treatment of human infections, is very high in Campylobacter , thus reducing the options for effective treatment of severe foodborne infections. (imperial.ac.uk)
Objectives The authors sought to evaluate the potential contribution of antimicrobial resistance to such rebound and to identify optimal treatment strategies in the face of resistance using a mathematical model of gonorrhoea. (bmj.com)
Results Absent antimicrobial resistance, strategies that focus on treatment of highest risk individuals (the so-called core group) result in collapse of disease transmission. (bmj.com)
It is a very severe illness with a rapid onset and often-fatal outcome despite early and appropriate antimicrobial treatment. (medscape.com)
Since ancient times, medicinal plants have traditionally been used for the treatment of different diseases. (hindawi.com)
Dr Bruestle is currently investigating the interaction of Th17 cells and neutrophils and the direct pathological effects of NETs on neurons and the kind of damage seen in MS. She uses genetic- and inhibitor-mediated manipulation of Th17 cell and/or neutrophil function to explore potential drug targets for MS and to identify molecules involved in this process as biomarkers for disease progression and treatment efficacy. (aips.net.au)

Anatomy2

Organisms48

Diseases35

Chemicals and Drugs62

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations6

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science6

Named Groups1

Health Care27

Geographicals11

Antibiotic43

Antibiotics21

Epidemiology5

Society of America2

Susceptibility9

Surveillance12

Bacteria18

Drug resistance3

Microbial7

Centers8

Pathogens8

Fight against antimicrobial resistance1

Infection6

Resistant17

Emergence2

Threat4

World Health Organ5

Vaccines3

Isolates4

Pathogen3

Burden5

Division of Infectious Diseases1

Stewardship programs1

Therapies3

Misuse3

Globally2

Mechanisms5

Microorganisms3

Interventions1

Patterns2

Populations3

Peptides2

20161

20201

Microbes1

Wastewater2

Widely2

Field of infectious1

Humans4

Ebola2

Bloodstream Infections2

20181

Centre3

Antifungals1

Gonorrhoeae3

Emerging6

Threats3

Gene1

Clinical6

Deaths3

Drugs7

Agents4

Abstract1

Viruses2

Prevalence1

Influenza1

Medicines2

Research14

Commonly1

Malaria1

Zoonotic1

Treatments4

Widespread2

Tackle2

Strains1

Healthcare2

Treatment6