AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
Leukemia Virus, Gibbon ApeHylobatesSarcoma Virus, Woolly MonkeyLeukemia Virus, MurineReceptors, VirusLeukemia Virus, FelineRetroviridaeSodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type IIIStrontium RadioisotopesFriend murine leukemia virusPhosphate Transport ProteinsRetroviruses, SimianLeukemia, ExperimentalSodium-Phosphate Cotransporter ProteinsMoloney murine leukemia virusGammaretrovirusLeukemia Virus, BovineGenetic VectorsCell LineLeukemiaMolecular Sequence DataHominidaeBase SequenceCricetinaeAmino Acid SequenceAKR murine leukemia virus3T3 CellsViral Envelope ProteinsLeukemia, Myeloid, AcuteTransduction, GeneticRauscher VirusGene Products, envRecombinant Fusion ProteinsHylobatidaeHematopoietic Stem CellsRetroviridae InfectionsHuman T-lymphotropic virus 1Cloning, MolecularAbelson murine leukemia virusLeukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-CellVirus ReplicationDNA, ViralLeukemia, LymphoidRNA VirusesGene Products, taxRNA, ViralGenes, Viral
MurineLymphomas and leukemiasLeukaemia virusGaLVWoolly monkeyFeline leukeLymphosarcomaHematopoieticViralSARCOMA VIRUSESEndogenous virusRetrovirus infectionGeneticallyFeLVImmuneGAMMARETROVIRUSCaptivePrimatePopulationsRespiratoryHerpesSpeciesPathogenicOccurRetrovirusesExclusivelyProteinsDescriptorStrainMonkeyProteinGenusCharacterizationVaccineReverse transcriptionInfectiousChronicVirtuallyStagesHumanOriginsCellsTransmission
Murine5
  • Virologist initially suggested that GaLV was related to murine leukaemia virus (MLV) detected in Southeast Asian rodents. (wikipedia.org)
  • murine leukemia virus in clinical trials. (what-when-how.com)
  • We assessed the ability of two distinct RRVs generated from amphotropic murine leukemia virus (AMLV) and gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV), which infect cells via type-III sodium-dependent phosphate transporters, PiT-2 and PiT-1, respectively, to infect human gastric cancer (GC) cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mutant line R3-2 exhibited a nearly 1000-fold resistance to infection by genetically marked Moloney murine leukemia virus genomes, and was resistant to pseudotyped viruses utilizing the ecotropic envelope, the amphotropic envelope, or even the VSV G envelope protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Diminished potential for B-lymphoid differentiation after murine leukemia virus infection in vivo and in EML hematopoietic progenitor cells. (harvard.edu)
Lymphomas and leukemias2
  • Cases of malignant lymphomas and leukemias were not described in gibbons until the 1960s, when several cases of haematopoietic neoplasia were reported in a single colony of white-handed gibbons housed at the SEATO research facility in Bangkok, Thailand. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hence, in our initial attempts to develop cell lines from patients with T -cell neoplasias, we chose clinical subpopulations which represent a more mature form of disease, namely, the cutaneous T -cell lymphomas and leukemias and E-rosette positive T -cell ALL (Gupta and Good 1980). (science-connections.com)
Leukaemia virus2
  • However, in 2016 the Mammal Review published "Is gibbon ape leukaemia virus still a threat? (wikipedia.org)
  • We analyzed here, the transduction efficiency of a pDC cell line, GEN2.2, and of pDC derived from CD34+ progenitors, using lentiviral vectors (LV) pseudotyped with different envelope glycoproteins such as the vesicular stomatitis virus envelope (VSVG), the gibbon ape leukaemia virus envelope (GaLV) or the feline endogenous virus envelope (RD114). (biomedcentral.com)
GaLV10
  • Gibbon-ape leukemia virus (GaLV) is an oncogenic, type C retrovirus that has been isolated from primate neoplasms, including the white-handed gibbon and woolly monkey. (wikipedia.org)
  • Epidemiological research into the origins of GaLV has developed two hypotheses for the virus' emergence. (wikipedia.org)
  • GaLV is transmitted horizontally by contact with excretory products of infected gibbons. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1971, phylogenetic analysis of the Leukemia-inducing retrovirus, lead to the identification of GaLV-SEATO, published within De Paoli et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1971). Following this discovery, five other strains of GaLV was identified from animals whose associated neoplastic syndromes were exclusively recorded in captive gibbon populations, which include: GaLV-SF: identified from a gibbon lymphosarcoma in San Francisco and within captured gibbons populations at the University of California San Francisco Medical Center and the University of California. (wikipedia.org)
  • GALV‐H: identified from a gibbon with lymphocytic leukemias from a colony of free-ranging gibbons at the Hall's Island, Bermuda. (wikipedia.org)
  • GALV‐Br: Identified in frozen brain samples of non-leukemic gibbons at the Gulf South Research Institute in Louisiana. (wikipedia.org)
  • Simian sarcoma (SSV): a defective GALV recombinant, derived from a single isolate of fibrosarcoma in a Woolly Monkey that was exposed to a GALV-infected captive gibbon. (wikipedia.org)
  • The discovery of a contagious oncogenic gammaretrovirus in sub-human primates stimulated a great deal of research into the pathogenesis of GaLV and its origins including the virus' intermediate host, which is currently disputed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Accordingly, AMLV, encoding a green fluorescent protein gene, infected and replicated more efficiently than GALV in most GC cell lines, whereas both RRVs had a low infection rate in human fibroblasts. (bvsalud.org)
Woolly monkey1
  • Gorilla gorilla (gorilla), Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee), Pongo pygmaeus (orang-utan), Nomascus nastusus and Hylobates pileatus (gibbons) and from the New World monkey, Lagothrix lagotricha (woolly monkey). (allaboutheaven.org)
Feline leuke5
  • The endangered Florida panther ( Puma concolor coryi ) had an outbreak of infection with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in the early 2000s that resulted in the deaths of 3 animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a common pathogenic infectious disease responsible for high mortality rates for domestic cats, particularly before development of effective vaccines in the 1980s ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Feline Leukemia Virus Frequently Spills Over from Domestic Cats to North American Pumas. (harvard.edu)
  • Epizootiology and management of feline leukemia virus in the Florida puma. (harvard.edu)
  • Genetic characterization of feline leukemia virus from Florida panthers. (harvard.edu)
Lymphosarcoma1
Hematopoietic1
  • The virus was identified as the etiological agent of hematopoietic neoplasms, leukemias, and immune deficiencies within gibbons in 1971, during the epidemic of the late 1960s and early 1970s. (wikipedia.org)
Viral5
  • For viral replication to occur within the host, simian sarcoma-associated virus (SSAV) must also be present. (wikipedia.org)
  • The life cycle of retroviruses is arbitrarily divided into two distinct phases: the early phase refers to the steps of infection from cell binding to the integration of the viral cDNA into the cell genome, whereas the late phase begins with the expression of viral genes and continues through to the release and maturation of progeny virions (see Figure 1 for a schematic view of the retroviral life cycle). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The protocol involves the transformation of pools of resistant cells by cDNA expression libraries, followed by the selection for rare virus-sensitive cells, using multiple rounds of selection after infection by marked viral vector genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Infection of R3-2 resulted in the normal synthesis of the linear viral DNA by reverse transcription, but circular viral DNAs and integrated proviruses were not generated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both lines R3-2 and R4-7 were also resistant to infection by pseudotyped HIV-1 viral vectors. (biomedcentral.com)
SARCOMA VIRUSES1
  • Several cellular oncogenes confer on FeLV the ability to induce sarcomas (see also SARCOMA VIRUSES, FELINE). (harvard.edu)
Endogenous virus1
  • McERV, detected within Mus caroli, and Mus dunni endogenous virus (MDEV) isolated from the earth-coloured mouse (Lieber et al. (wikipedia.org)
Retrovirus infection3
  • The identities of these genes provide insights into the mechanism of virus resistance and will help to define new pathways used during retrovirus infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is becoming increasingly apparent that mammalian cells harbor numerous genes that induce intracellular blocks to retrovirus infection [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have been involved in the development of screens and selections for virus resistance genes, and have isolated mutant cell lines after chemical mutagenesis that are profoundly resistant to retrovirus infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Genetically1
  • Subsequent characterization of this virus has shown that it is not significantly related to any known animal retrovirus, is not an endogenous (genetically transmitted) virus of man, and so far has been associated only with fresh or cultured T -cells from patients with T -cell neoplasia. (science-connections.com)
FeLV11
  • The original FeLV virus outbreak strain is either still circulating or another domestic cat transmission event has occurred with a closely related variant. (cdc.gov)
  • We also report a case of a cross-species transmission event of an oncogenic FeLV recombinant (FeLV-B). Evidence of multiple FeLV strains and detection of FeLV-B indicate Florida panthers are at high risk for FeLV infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Subgroup FeLV-A, which is replication competent and horizontally transmissible, is responsible for most infections ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Horizontal transmission of FeLV-B is rare in domestic cats and is believed to require co-transmission with FeLV-A as a helper virus because of its replication-defective nature ( 11 , 12 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The presence of FeLV genetic sequences in the germline results in recombination between exogenous FeLV and FeLV-A during domestic cat infections and in emergence of more deleterious subgroups (i.e. (cdc.gov)
  • FeLV-B) that are not considered to be replication-competent in the absence of co-infection with FeLV-A ( 12 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Outbreaks of infection with FeLV have caused concern in endangered felids that have population bottlenecks because the species might be more vulnerable to infection because of reduced genetic diversity. (cdc.gov)
  • During 2001-2004, an outbreak of infection with FeLV was documented in Florida panthers ( 19 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Phylogenetic analysis of a region of the FeLV env gene during this outbreak indicated a single circulating FeLV strain, likely following introduction of the virus from a domestic cat ( 24 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Los virus son realmente virus de la leucemia felina recombinantes (FeLV), en los que parte del genoma ha sido reemplazada por oncogenes celulares. (bvsalud.org)
  • The viruses are actually recombinant feline leukemia viruses (FeLV) where part of the genome has been replaced by cellular oncogenes. (bvsalud.org)
Immune1
  • These include, but are not limited to, (1) preventing hyperacute rejection, (2) preventing acute vascular rejection, (3) facilitating immune accommodation, (4) inducing immune tolerance, (5) preventing the transmission of viruses from xenografts into humans, and (6) addressing the ethical issues surrounding animal sources for xenografts and the appropriate selection of recipients (given that xenotransplantation remains experimental). (medscape.com)
GAMMARETROVIRUS1
Captive3
  • The virus was subsequently identified in captive gibbon populations in Thailand, the US and Bermuda. (wikipedia.org)
  • Using previously described methods, 1,4,5,8,10 the UuPV1-virus-like particles produced in this process, were used as immunologic reagents to detect anti-UuPV1 antibodies, and hence determine the seroprevalence of papillomavirus infection in captive North American snow leopards. (vin.com)
  • 2011. Seroepidemiology of TmPV1 infection in captive and wild Florida manatees ( Trichechus manatus latirostris ). (vin.com)
Primate2
  • Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 transmission dynamics in rural villages in the democratic republic of the congo with high nonhuman primate exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Species of the genus LENTIVIRUS, subgenus primate immunodeficiency viruses (IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES, PRIMATE), that induces acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in monkeys and apes (SAIDS). (lookformedical.com)
Populations2
  • These include cross-species transmission of the retrovirus present within a species of East Asian rodent or bat, and the inoculation or blood transfusion of a MbRV-related virus into captured gibbons populations housed at medical research institutions. (wikipedia.org)
  • To identify such genes, we have developed methodologies that allow for the selection of rare virus-sensitive clones arising after transfer of gene libraries into populations of virus-resistant parents. (biomedcentral.com)
Respiratory3
  • Naturally occurring adenoviruses were first isolated in 1953 and account for 5 to 10% of upper respiratory infections in children. (survivingmesothelioma.com)
  • For their study, Japanese researchers first removed a gene from the adenovirus Ad-delE1B55 so that it would not cause respiratory infection. (survivingmesothelioma.com)
  • The adenovirus is a common human virus, responsible for an estimated 10 percent of respiratory infections in children and a frequent cause of diarrhea. (survivingmesothelioma.com)
Herpes2
  • The one thing they have in common is that Hepatitis viruses can all cause hepatitis - liver inflammation - but they are not the only viruses that can do this, other example viruses that can also cause liver inflammation include cytomegalovirus , Epstein-Barr virus , yellow fever and even herpes simplex virus . (allaboutheaven.org)
  • 1975). Although the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a DNA virus of the herpes group, is implicated in some aspect of Burkitt's lymphoma, a B-cell disease (De- The 1980), the etiology of all the T -cell neoplasias is, as of yet, obscure. (science-connections.com)
Species2
  • Hepatitis A virus is a species of virus in the order Picornavirales in the family Picornaviridae and is the type species of the genus Hepatovirus . (allaboutheaven.org)
  • Hepatitis B virus , abbreviated HBV ,- is a species of the genus Orthohepadnavirus and the genus is classified as part of the Hepadnaviridae family. (allaboutheaven.org)
Pathogenic1
  • These genes have presumably evolved and been maintained in the genome in response to the pathogenic and lethal consequences of infection, and are now thought to constitute an important part of the host defense against these viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
Occur2
  • Transmission of HDV can occur either via simultaneous infection with HBV (coinfection) or superimposed on chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis B carrier state (superinfection). (allaboutheaven.org)
  • When bovine leukemia virus (BLV), a causative agent of B-cellleukemia and lymphoma of cows, is injected into sheep, lymphoid leukemia and lymphoma, including a cutaneous form, occur which to our knowledge have not been subclassified (Olson 1979). (science-connections.com)
Retroviruses2
  • Genetic selections in mammalian cell lines have recently been developed for the isolation of mutant cells that are refractory to infection by retroviruses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since several animal RNA tumor viruses (Klein 1980) and cells of the putative human retroviruses isolated to date (Bronson et al. (science-connections.com)
Exclusively1
  • Genotype 1 and 2 infections have been identified exclusively in humans, whereas genotype 3 and 4 viruses have been isolated from swine, deer, mongoose, cattle, and rabbits in addition to humans. (allaboutheaven.org)
Proteins2
  • The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proteins synthesized by HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES such as the HIV-1 and HIV-2 . (lookformedical.com)
Descriptor1
  • Leukemia Virus, Feline" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
Strain1
  • Hayflick had found that his normal cell strain WI-38 was capable of growing all of the then known human viruses. (historyofmedicine.com)
Monkey1
  • He hypothesized that because WI-38 was free from contaminating viruses, it could replace the then widely used primary monkey kidney cells, which contained several dangerous contaminating viruses. (historyofmedicine.com)
Protein3
  • External envelope protein of the human immunodeficiency virus which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • Layers of protein which surround the capsid in animal viruses with tubular nucleocapsids. (lookformedical.com)
  • Transmembrane envelope protein of the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
Genus1
  • Hepatitis E virus - is a virus of the genus Orthohepevirus , and has been reassigned into the Hepeviridae family. (allaboutheaven.org)
Characterization1
  • These DNAs constitute valuable tools in the characterization of this line's virus resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
Vaccine1
  • Indeed, WI-38 became used worldwide for human virus vaccine manufacture, to the benefit of billions of people" (Wikipedia article on Leonard Hayflick). (historyofmedicine.com)
Reverse transcription2
  • These selections have been used to recover lines that block early postentry stages of infection, either before reverse transcription or before nuclear entry. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Infection of this line was blocked earlier, before the initiation of reverse transcription. (biomedcentral.com)
Infectious1
  • Antibodies that reduce or abolish some biological activity of a soluble antigen or infectious agent, usually a virus. (lookformedical.com)
Chronic1
Virtually1
Stages1
  • However, while the late stages of the retrovirus life cycle, consisting of virus replication and egress, have been partly unraveled, the early steps remain largely enigmatic. (biomedcentral.com)
Human5
  • The surge in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) research in order to identify new therapeutic targets has led to a better understanding of the retroviral life cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Outbreak Investigation Among Persons Who Inject Drugs in Massachusetts Enhanced by HIV Sequence Data. (cdc.gov)
  • There are five unrelated hepatotropic viruses [having an especial attraction or affinity for, or an effect on, the liver] - hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, and hepatitis E - that cause illness in human beings. (allaboutheaven.org)
  • But Hepatitis C virus itself affects only human beings and chimpanzees. (allaboutheaven.org)
  • A novel retrovirus, human T -celllymphomaleukemia virus (HTLV), has been isolated from the fresh and cultured cells of two of these patients. (science-connections.com)
Origins1
  • The origins of this virus remain unknown, although suspicions seem to point to laboratory origins. (allaboutheaven.org)
Cells2
  • The suppressor genes were then recovered from these virus sensitive cells, and their ability to restore virus susceptibility was confirmed by reintroduction of these cDNAs into the resistant line. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In several instances these leukemias involve T -cells. (science-connections.com)
Transmission1
  • Xenotransplantation of organs from chimpanzees and baboons has been avoided, however, because of ethical concerns and fear of transmission of deadly viruses (see Biologic Barriers to Xenotransplantation). (medscape.com)