These data show that nimesulide protects against permanent focal cerebral ischemia, even with a 2 h post-treatment delay. (biomedcentral.com)
The Ca 2+ -related activation of intracellular second messenger systems, the increase in reactive oxygen species formation, as well as hypoxia itself triggers the expression of a large number of pro-inflammatory genes following cerebral ischemia. (biomedcentral.com)
Pre-stroke surgery is not beneficial to normotensive rats undergoing sixty minutes of transient focal cerebral ischemia PLOS ONE. (nottingham.ac.uk)
In former studies the expression of two different two-pore domain potassium (K 2P ) channels (TASK1, TREK1) were shown to ameliorate neuronal damage due to cerebral ischemia. (biomedcentral.com)
In C57Bl/6 (wildtype, WT), hcn2 +/+ and hcn2 -/- mice we used an in vivo model of cerebral ischemia (transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO)) to depict a functional impact of HCN2 in stroke formation. (biomedcentral.com)
Diminished infarct size1
This beneficial effect of N-Ac-GLP-1(7-34)amide was manifested through a diminished diastolic hypercontracture and diminished infarct size. (justia.com)
Myocardium3
In the heart, IPC is an intrinsic process whereby repeated short episodes of ischaemia protect the myocardium against a subsequent ischaemic insult. (wikipedia.org)
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a syndrome affecting the myocardium upon blood flow restoration following a sufficiently long interruption, such as encountered in a coronary thrombosis or heart surgery [1,2]. (justia.com)
REPERFUSION of the myocardium after sustained ischemia induces myocardial cell necrosis and apoptosis, resulting in increased infarct size despite the restoration of coronary blood flow. (silverchair.com)
Reperfusion13
This group exposed anesthetised open-chest dogs to four periods of 5 minute coronary artery occlusions followed by a 5-minute period of reperfusion before the onset of a 40-minute sustained occlusion of the coronary artery. (wikipedia.org)
The second window begins at 24 hours and lasts up to 72 hours after the ischaemia and reperfusion stimulus. (wikipedia.org)
Methods to either mimic or elicit IPC have been attempted in clinical practice in the area of coronary heart disease in an attempt to limit the injury caused to the heart via ischemia and reperfusion injury. (wikipedia.org)
Such injury would occur when a patient has an acute myocardial infarct followed by reperfusion by either percutaneous coronary intervention or thrombolysis. (wikipedia.org)
The invention pertains to a polypeptide for the protection against heart ischemia-reperfusion injury. (justia.com)
One object of the present invention is to provide a therapy of heart ischemia-reperfusion injury by applying GLP-1 analogues which can be administered as single component and avoiding administration of the drug with a second compound. (justia.com)
The present invention is based on the surprising finding that the peptides of the invention have protective cardiovascular effects without simultaneous administration of other compounds, specifically they have protective effects on the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. (justia.com)
Postconditioning using N-Ac-GLP-1(7-34)amide N-terminally blocked and C-terminally truncated results in a limitation of ischemia-reperfusion injury in an isolated rat heart. (justia.com)
This figure outlines the time course for normoxic (A) and ischemia-reperfusion (B) experiments. (justia.com)
The cAMP analogue 8-Br-cAMP-AM (8-Br) confers marked protection against global ischaemia/reperfusion of isolated perfused heart. (mdpi.com)
We tested the hypothesis that 8-Br is also protective under clinically relevant conditions (regional ischaemia) when applied either before ischemia or at the beginning of reperfusion, and this effect is associated with the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). (mdpi.com)
Esmolol given during the initial 30 min of reperfusion had no effect on infarct size (54 +/- 4%) but blocked desflurane-induced postconditioning (58 +/- 5%), whereas esmolol administered throughout reperfusion reduced infarct size in the absence or presence of desflurane to 42 +/- 6% and 41 +/- 7%, respectively. (silverchair.com)
In the infarcted neocortex, hcn2 expression analyses revealed a nominal peak of hcn2 expression 6 h after reperfusion with a tendency towards lower expression levels with longer reperfusion times. (biomedcentral.com)
Occlusion4
To evaluate the potential role of ASPECTS for acute endovascular treatment decisions, we studied the correlation between ASPECTS and CTP core, depending on the timing and the presence of large-vessel occlusion. (ajnr.org)
6 hours) versus late (6-24 hours) times from stroke onset and in the presence versus absence of large-vessel occlusion. (ajnr.org)
However, this was stronger in patients with large-vessel occlusion and longer delay from stroke onset. (ajnr.org)
Ischemia was induced by permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats, via surgical insertion of a nylon filament into the internal carotid artery. (biomedcentral.com)
Myocardial2
This timing makes postconditioning relevant from the clinical perspective, in which limitation of irreversible myocardial damage following a coronary thrombosis and ST-elevation myocardial infarction remains a major objective [3]. (justia.com)
Myocardial infarct size was assessed by triphenyltetrazolium staining. (silverchair.com)
Ischemic stroke4
Both ASPECTS and core volume on CTP are used to estimate infarct volume in acute ischemic stroke. (ajnr.org)
The treatment of ischemic stroke is to administer tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) within 4.5 h of stroke onset, and only 5-8% of patients qualify for this therapy (Liaw and Liebeskind 2020 ). (springer.com)
In ischemic stroke, there is usually a core infarct and an ischemic penumbra. (rebelem.com)
Currently, systematic intravenous alteplase administered within 4.5hrs after symptom onset is the mainstay of therapy, however many question its risk/benefit ratio in ischemic stroke. (rebelem.com)
Acute1
Both the ASPECTS 1 , 2 and automated core volume on CTP 3 , 4 have been used to estimate infarct volume in the acute phase of stroke. (ajnr.org)
Volumes2
Infarct volumes (cortical, subcortical and total) and functional recovery, assessed by neurological score evaluation and rotarod performance test, were performed 24 h after pMCAO. (biomedcentral.com)
However, 30 min of tMCAO in hcn2-/- as well as hcn2+/+ littermates induced similar infarct volumes. (biomedcentral.com)
Experiments2
In later experiments we investigated the therapeutic time window of protection of nimesulide by delaying its first administration 0.5-4 h after the ischemic insult. (biomedcentral.com)
The IMPROVE Guidelines (Ischaemia Models: Procedural Refinements Of in Vivo Experiments). (nottingham.ac.uk)
Perfusion1
A recently completed EXTEND trial showed that this could be extended up to 9 h after stroke onset guided by CT or MRI perfusion images, thus allowing more patients eligible to receive tPA beyond the 4.5-h time window (Ma et al. (springer.com)
Stroke2
Nimesulide (12 mg/kg) not only reduced infarct volume but also enhanced functional recovery when the first treatment was given up to 2 h after stroke. (biomedcentral.com)
Ischemia-induced cell depolarization: does the hyperpolarization-activated cation channel HCN2 affect the outcome after stroke in mice? (biomedcentral.com)
4.5 hours is a narrow therapeutic time window and many contraindications such as recent surgery, coagulation abnormalities, and history of intracranial hemorrhage inhibit many patients from receiving systemic thrombolysis. (rebelem.com)
Brain2
Previous studies suggest that the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor nimesulide has a remarkable protective effect against different types of brain injury including ischemia. (biomedcentral.com)
However, it is now generally accepted that the mammalian brain may be more resistant to ischemia than previously thought. (biomedcentral.com)
Absence1
H-89 decreased infarct size in the absence (36 +/- 5%) or presence (33 +/- 5%) of desflurane. (silverchair.com)
Heart2
Heart Healthy living i.e. attention to lipid control is less frequent than in the general population ~25% of the patients in Methadone Maintenance Programs use cocaine, which is highly ischemogenic, one or more times a year. (wikipedia.org)
Autonomic and hormonal input modulate multiple facets of cellular electrophysiology - action potential duration, ion channel kinetics and intracellular calcium dynamics (just to name a few) - which translate into macroscopic manifestations of autonomic modulation such as heart rate variability, atrioventricular (AV) conduction time and QT interval variability. (aerjournal.com)
Effect1
Effect of N-Ac-GLP-1(7-34)amide on infarct size. (justia.com)
Tissue3
If the blood supply to an organ or a tissue is impaired for a short time (usually less than five minutes) then restored so that blood flow is resumed, and the process repeated two or more times, the cells downstream of the tissue or organ are robustly protected from a final ischemic insult when the blood supply is cut off entirely and permanently. (wikipedia.org)
In the setting of stroke, ischemia not only impairs neuronal function, but also detrimentally affects the different components of the neurovascular unit, which are shown to be involved in the transition from reversible to long-lasting tissue damage. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, immunofluorescence intensity measurements do not necessarily correlate with the actual protein levels, especially in ischemia-affected tissue and should always be complemented by different techniques to enhance reproducibility and to hopefully overcome the translational roadblock from bench to bedside. (frontiersin.org)