On the other hand, Triphala failed to induce apoptosis or activate ERK or p53 in normal human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE-6) cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Autophagy4
Several anti-diabetic strategies including adiponectin, ezetimibe, liraglutide, taurine, adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and even exercise as well as natural products such GABA tea, geniposide, guava extract, vitamin D have been shown to target autophagy. (frontiersin.org)
In contrast to necrosis (murdered cells), in apoptosis (commit suicide) and autophagy process, cytoplasmic membranes are maintained and cell body is completely removed without any inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
The review focuses on the role of APC-derived EVs in regulating the transformation of macrophage phenotype, shaping foam cells, driving autophagy and/or inhibiting apoptosis of Th4 + cells, T regulatory cells, endothelial and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), as well as in facilitating oxidative stress in vasculature. (bmrat.org)
Skeletal muscle1
Sodium butyrate induces mitophagy and apoptosis of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells through the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. (usda.gov)
Inhibition3
However, the main mechanism of the majority of drugs involves impairment of bone remodeling via the inhibition of osteoclastic activity, the induction of cell apoptosis, and/or the disruption of blood vessel formation through the deterioration of vascular endothelial growth factor. (frontiersin.org)
Anti-apoptotic strategies include inhibition of caspase, poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP), and Bcl-2 proteins as well as induction of the PKB/Akt pathway and inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
The mechanism behind it is related to the regulation of cell cycle, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and invasion through a variety of cellular signaling pathways. (plantextractssr.com)
Pathway4
To figure out regardless of whether ERK1/2 signaling pathway mediates the motion of taurine on cell proliferation, P5 hippocampal stem/ progenitor cells have been uncovered to the ERK1/two inhibitor PD98059 (ten mM) followed by taurine therapy. (adenosine-receptor.com)
Mammalian taurine synthesis occurs in the pancreas via the cysteine sulfinic acid pathway. (cloudfront.net)
Taurine is also produced by the transsulfuration pathway , which converts homocysteine into cystathionine . (cloudfront.net)
A pathway for taurine biosynthesis from serine and sulfate is reported in microalgae , [5] developing chicken embryos , [14] and chick liver . (cloudfront.net)
Disruption1
The disruption outcome of apoptosis could result in bone-related diseases such as osteonecrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Regulation of cell1
Since then, they have been found to be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis as important post-transcriptional regulatory factors [ 15 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Tumor2
p38α MAPK was originally identified as a tyrosine phosphorylated protein detected in activated immune cell macrophages with an essential role in inflammatory cytokine induction, such as Tumor Necrotic Factor α (TNFα). (wikipedia.org)
Reduced tumor-growth in Triphala fed mice was due to increased apoptosis in the tumors cells, which was associated with increased activation of p53 and ERK. (biomedcentral.com)
Molecular1
Thus, understanding the mechanism of apoptosis gives detailed insights of anti-apoptotic molecular targets. (biomedcentral.com)
Physiological3
Although these interactions remain to be further examined in humans, the physiological functions of taurine appear to be inconsistent with the adverse cardiovascular symptoms associated with excessive consumption of caffeine-taurine containing beverages. (researchgate.net)
Cell death occurs under physiological and pathological conditions and mediates through three pathways as follows: apoptosis, autophagic cell death, and necrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Apoptosis was first described by Kerr and colleagues in 1972 [ 17 ] as a physiological situation characterized by distinguishable morphological features such as nuclear changes (nuclear chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation), cell contraction, and losing attachment with adjacent cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Rats2
Animal experiments demonstrated that fingolimod could reduce edema, cell apoptosis and cerebra atrophy and show neuroprotective function in ICH rats [ 8 ]. (karger.com)
DEET (N,N-diethyl- m -toluamide) alone and in combination with permethrin increased urinary excretion of 6-hydroxycortisol in rats, a marker of hepatic CYP3A induction. (cdc.gov)
Gene2
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in tumorigenesis, and lncRNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 ( TUG1 ) has been proven to be associated with several human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
The lncRNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 ( TUG1 ) is a nonprotein-coding gene located on chromosome 22q12.2 that transcribes to a 6.7-kilobase-long, spliced, and polyadenylated RNA. (biomedcentral.com)
Intake2
12 The intake of taurine by energy drinks (1 L energy drink contains on average 3180 mg/L) exceeds by far the mean daily intake from omnivore diets (58 mg). 2 Consequently, there is growing concern about possible adverse effects mediated by taurine due to excessive energy drink consumption. (researchgate.net)
In another study, taurine intake was estimated to be generally less than 200 mg/day, even in individuals eating a high-meat diet. (cloudfront.net)
Significance1
Juveniles passerine birds fed taurine-abundant diet programs as neonates matures into considerably bigger danger takers and much more adept at spatial understanding jobs This also clarifies the significance of taurine in brain improvement. (adenosine-receptor.com)
Neurons1
The rhopalial nervous system appears primarily ectodermal and contains neurons immunoreactive to antibodies against tyrosinated tubulin, taurine, GLWamide, and FMRFamide. (sykinhibitors.com)
Occurs1
Taurine occurs naturally in fish and meat. (cloudfront.net)
Consumption1
According to a third study, taurine consumption was estimated to vary between 40 and 400 mg/day. (cloudfront.net)
Cells7
Upregulated by taurine in developing retinal cells, TUG1 is essential for normal photoreceptor development. (biomedcentral.com)
However, if phagocytosis of the cell does not occur at the final stage of apoptosis or autophagic process, the cells are removed through secondary necrosis [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Pretreatment of cells with pifithrin-α or U0126, specific inhibitors of p53 or MEK-1/2, significantly attenuated Triphala-induced apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Epstein-Barr virus-specific CD8(+) T cells that re-express CD45RA are apoptosis-resistant memory cells that retain replicative potential. (tcd.ie)
In one embodiment stem cells are administered in order to protect the endothelium from apoptosis and to preserve the blood brain barrier. (therapeuticsolutionsint.com)
Clinical1
Although taurine is considered a conditionally essential nutrient for humans and is thought to play a key role in several human diseases, clinical studies evaluating the effects of taurine are limited. (researchgate.net)
Significantly1
With taurine, cardiac repolarization duration and ERP were significantly shortened. (researchgate.net)
At the cardiovascular level, they concluded that 'if there are any interactions between caffeine and taurine, taurine might reduce the cardiovascular effects of caffeine. (researchgate.net)
Likewise, dexamethasone can reduce cerebral cell apoptosis and inhibit inflammation [ 10 ,] and deferoxamine (DFX) provides new therapy target [ 11 ]. (karger.com)
Growth2
A hair scalp lotion containing high-purified, growth factors-like polypeptides (octapeptide 2, acetyl decapeptide 3, oligopeptide 20 and copper tripeptide) with the addition of glycine and taurine (GFM-L) is available. (longdom.org)
The combination of GFM-lotion containing growth factors like peptides and taurine with autologous PRP treatment is superior in term of efficacy to the treatment with PRP alone in subjects with AGA. (longdom.org)
Study3
2 Therefore, the purpose of this study was to elucidate the impact of caffeine and taurine on arrhythmogenesis in a sensitive whole-heart model. (researchgate.net)
Therefore, purpose of this study was to assess acute electrophysiologic effects of caffeine and taurine, two of the main ingredients of energy drinks, in an experimental whole-heart model. (researchgate.net)
Thus, this study provides proof that improved proliferation and neuritogenesis in the hippocampus may possibly be a component of a foundation for the helpful influence of taurine on behavioral performance.NPC isolation was performed in accordance to set up protocols [forty five,forty six]. (adenosine-receptor.com)
Animal1
Taurine ( / ˈ t ɔː r iː n / ), or 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid , is a non-proteinogenic amino sulfonic acid that is widely distributed in animal tissues. (cloudfront.net)
Data1
Hearts were perfused with caffeine (2, 10, 50 µM) or taurine (2, 10, 50 µM) after generating baseline data. (researchgate.net)