• Radioimmunoassay for detecting group-specific avian RNA tumor virus antigens and antibodies. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • It is so rare to find the T antigen in healthy tissue, that we actually have antibodies against it. (dadamo.com)
  • All humans normally possess antibodies that react with the Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) and the Tn antigens. (dadamo.com)
  • A Rapid Method to Characterize Mouse IgG Antibodies and Isolate Native Antigen Binding IgG B Cell Hybridomas. (nationaljewish.org)
  • We sought to determine whether immune reactivity occurs between anti-SARS-CoV-2 protein antibodies and human tissue antigens, and whether molecular mimicry between COVID-19 viral proteins and human tissues could be the cause. (frontiersin.org)
  • We applied both human monoclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (spike protein, nucleoprotein) and rabbit polyclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (envelope protein, membrane protein) to 55 different tissue antigens. (frontiersin.org)
  • We found that SARS-CoV-2 antibodies had reactions with 28 out of 55 tissue antigens, representing a diversity of tissue groups that included barrier proteins, gastrointestinal, thyroid and neural tissues, and more. (frontiersin.org)
  • This extensive immune cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and different antigen groups may play a role in the multi-system disease process of COVID-19, influence the severity of the disease, precipitate the onset of autoimmunity in susceptible subgroups, and potentially exacerbate autoimmunity in subjects that have pre-existing autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)
  • DEKnull is a synthetic DBP based antigen that has been engineered through mutation to enhance induction of blocking inhibitory antibodies. (rcsb.org)
  • DEKnull has reduced immunogenicity to polymorphic regions responsible for strain-specific immunity while retaining conserved protein folds necessary for induction of strain-transcending blocking inhibitory antibodies. (rcsb.org)
  • It concentrates firstly on the question whether neodeterminants resulting from the interaction of MHC with foreign antigen can also be recognized by antibodies. (powells.com)
  • In other terms, whether - in analogy to antigen specific MHC restricted T cells - MHC restricted antibodies also exist. (powells.com)
  • Immunotherapies include checkpoint inhibitory antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, cancer vaccines, and oncolytic viruses. (moffitt.org)
  • however, rabbit antibodies raised against the recombinant proteins encoded by the gene of mouse bullous pemphigoid antigen 2 (BP180) are capable of inducing blisters in newborn mice in a complement-dependent manner. (medscape.com)
  • Allergies and autoimmune diseases caused by the breakdown of immune tolerance to harmless foreign antigens and self-antigens have been attracting attention in recent years as the number of patients increases. (elsevierpure.com)
  • After the discovery of the function of MHC molecules, namely to provide the context for T cell recognition of foreign antigens, in 1974 Zinkernagel and Doherty made the first drawing of MHC+X (Fig. 1 from Zinkernagel and Doherty, Nature, 251: 547, 1974). (powells.com)
  • Ts recognize MHC class I:peptide complexes and inhibit the reactivity of T helper cells (Th) with cognate antigen specificity. (nih.gov)
  • Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells with specificity for CD19 have shown promise in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). (nih.gov)
  • Since antigen-specific TGF-beta1 secreting cells localize to the target organ and then suppress inflammation in the local microenvironment, oral tolerization with self antigens may provide a therapeutic approach for the treatment of cell-mediated autoimmune disease which does not depend upon knowledge of the antigen specificity of the original T cell clone triggering the autoimmune cascade. (jci.org)
  • Multiple group specific antigen components of avian tumor viruses detected with chicken and hamster sera. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Localization of avian tumor virus group-specific antigen in cell and virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Many malignant cells (such as those found in breast and stomach cancer) develop a tumor marker called the Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) antigen. (dadamo.com)
  • Hirohashi S. Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens related to blood group carbohydrates. (dadamo.com)
  • However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) imposes different mechanisms that facilitate the impairment of DC functions, such as inefficient antigen presentation or polarization into immunosuppressive DCs. (mdpi.com)
  • Dendritic cells can be used as a vaccine by preparing together with either peptides or small portions of tumor antigens and they can then be injected into the body. (moffitt.org)
  • This CMN-001 is an autologous, tumor antigen-loaded dendritic cell immunotherapy. (moffitt.org)
  • Therapeutic cancer vaccination seeks to elicit activation of tumor-reactive T cells capable of recognizing tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and eradicating malignant cells. (lu.se)
  • Here, we present a cancer vaccination approach utilizing myeloid lineage reprogramming to directly convert cancer cells into tumor reprogrammed-antigen presenting cells (TR-APCs). (lu.se)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that have a notable role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. (mdpi.com)
  • It remains to be established whether chimeric antigen receptor T cells have clinical activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). (nih.gov)
  • Two children with relapsed and refractory pre-B-cell ALL received infusions of T cells transduced with anti-CD19 antibody and a T-cell signaling molecule (CTL019 chimeric antigen receptor T cells), at a dose of 1.4×10(6) to 1.2×10(7) CTL019 cells per kilogram of body weight. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, the chimeric antigen receptor T cells were observed in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), where they persisted at high levels for at least 6 months. (nih.gov)
  • cytokine blockade with etanercept and tocilizumab was effective in reversing the syndrome and did not prevent expansion of chimeric antigen receptor T cells or reduce antileukemic efficacy. (nih.gov)
  • Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells are capable of killing even aggressive, treatment-refractory acute leukemia cells in vivo. (nih.gov)
  • In this review, strategies and drug design for inducing antigen-specific immune tolerance are outlined, examples of recent research are presented, and future prospects are discussed. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Second, T cell therapies using Tregs (either polyclonal, antigen-specific, or genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors) to establish active dominant immune tolerance or T cells (engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors) to delete pathogenic immune cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Class II major histocompatibility complex mutant mice to study the germline bias of T cell antigen receptors. (nationaljewish.org)
  • Induction of immunity and tolerance in vitro by hapten protein conjugates. (wikidata.org)
  • Immunological paralysis induced by brief exposure of cells to protein antigens. (wikidata.org)
  • T helper cell factors (HF) have been preparated against protein and synthetic antigens by restimulating in vitro induced helper cells with small amounts of antigen. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Millers, SD , Wetzig, RP & Claman, HN 1979, ' The induction of cell-mediated immunity and tolerance with protein antigens coupled to syngeneic lymphoid cells* ', Journal of Experimental Medicine , vol. 149, no. 3, pp. 758-773. (northwestern.edu)
  • Induction of circulating myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein-specific transforming growth factor-beta1-secreting Th3 T cells by oral administration of myelin in multiple sclerosis patients. (jci.org)
  • Here, we investigated whether in MS patients oral myelin treatment, containing both myelin basic protein (MBP) and proteolipid protein (PLP), induced antigen specific MBP or PLP reactive T cells that either secreted IL4, TGF-beta1, or alternatively did Th1 type sensitization occur as measured by IFN-gamma secretion. (jci.org)
  • The encoded protein is the I-branching enzyme, a beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase responsible for the conversion of fetal i antigen to adult I antigen in erythrocytes during embryonic development. (nih.gov)
  • Covalent linkage (conjugation) of PRP with T-cell dependent protein antigens was evaluated in an attempt to overcome the T-cell independent characteristics of PRP. (cdc.gov)
  • We have demonstrated for the first time that CD8+CD28- Ts represent a unique subset of regulatory cells that induces the differentiation of tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells, initiating a suppressive loop which results in the induction and spreading of Th unresponsiveness. (nih.gov)
  • Mechanisms of peripheral tolerance include inactivation of autoantigen-recognizing T and B cells by the induction of apoptosis, anergy or conversion into immunosuppressive regulatory cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • MATERIALS and METHODS: MGH MHC-inbred swine were used and allogeneic tolerance was assessed across a class I mismatched barrier using (1) donor-antigen presenting thymii (Donor Ag-VTL) and (2) donor thymic dendritic cells presenting thymii (Donor DC-VTL). (atcmeetingabstracts.com)
  • Suppression of antigen-specific adaptive immunity by IL-37 via induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells. (nature.com)
  • Thus some anti-virally protective (memory) B cells are cycling and locally proliferate in long-lived GC in association with persisting antigen and therefore seem responsible for long-term maintenance of elevated antibody levels. (ox.ac.uk)
  • they are the first to show colocalization of antigen and specific memory B cells and to analyze a protective neutralizing antibody response against an acute viral infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Mechanisms in CD4 antibody-mediated transplantation tolerance: kinetics of induction, antigen dependency and role of regulatory T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This was investigated by a series of adoptive transfer experiments in which mAb-treated cells were removed from therapeutic antibody at defined times after skin grafting, and exposed to fresh antigen in the absence of further mAb treatment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • If antibody therapy is continued for the full 5 weeks, T cell tolerance can still be established, suggesting that antibody therapy does not prevent lymphocytes from registering the presence of antigen. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Relationship between antigen and antibody-induced suppression of immunity. (wikidata.org)
  • Induction of antibody responses in vivo by antigen specific helper factor. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Not surprisingly, blood type A individuals have the least aggressive antibody immune response against the T and probably Tn antigens. (dadamo.com)
  • So the hypothesis goes that because of the lower level of antibody against T and Tn antigens or stumps, and because of this tendency for the immune system of A's to be a bit confused or disinclined to attack Tn antigens, blood type A is at an immunologic disadvantage in attacking any cell bearing these T and Tn antigenic markers. (dadamo.com)
  • In contrast to T-cell dependent antigens, T-cell independent antigens are characterized by a) induction of a poor antibody response in less than 18-month-old infants and children, b) a variable and quantitatively smaller antibody response than that seen with T-cell dependent antigens, c) production of a higher proportion of immunoglobulin M (IgM), and d) inability to induce a booster response. (cdc.gov)
  • In 2011, however, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of rituximab (a monoclonal antibody that targets B cells), in combination with glucocorticoids, as an alternative to cyclophosphamide for induction of remission in AAV (GPA and microscopic polyangiitis). (medscape.com)
  • HF when tested in vitro are antigen specific and capable of replacing T cells, initiating a thymus dependent IgM response. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 10,000 parasites/µL) was associated mononuclear cells exposed to malaria antigens in vitro with increased risk for perinatal MTCT (ARR 2.0), com- pared to low-density malaria. (cdc.gov)
  • In vitro studies based on MCF-7 cell proliferation and induction of vitellogenin in primary culture of rainbow trout hepatocytes. (cdc.gov)
  • Immune tolerance therapy requires efficient and specific delivery of antigens to target immune cells, followed by induction of immune cells into a tolerogenic phenotype or anergy. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The therapeutic potential of antigen-specific regulatory T cells (Treg) has been extensively explored, leading to the development of several tolerogenic vaccines. (mdrresearch.nl)
  • Dexamethasone-antigen conjugates represent a prominent class of tolerogenic vaccines that enable coordinated delivery of antigen and dexamethasone to target immune cells. (mdrresearch.nl)
  • The first induction with green light induces the expression of antigen 43, which causes the E.coli to self-aggregate and settle to the bottom. (igem.org)
  • MHC-I and MHC-II proteins are key components of the antigen presentation machinery responsible for neoantigen presentation to CD8 + and CD4 + T lymphocytes, respectively. (portlandpress.com)
  • We also did selective epitope mapping using BLAST and showed similarities and homology between spike, nucleoprotein, and many other SARS-CoV-2 proteins with the human tissue antigens mitochondria M2, F-actin and TPO. (frontiersin.org)
  • The gut needs to produce a strong protective immune response to resist the invasion of pathogenic antigens, while similar reactions to harmless antigens such as dietary proteins or symbiotic microorganisms, may lead to chronic inflammatory diseases. (frontiersin.org)
  • The QuantiFERON®-TB Gold Plus assay tests for Cell Mediated Immune (CMI) responses to peptide antigens that simulate mycobacterial proteins. (cdc.gov)
  • Induction of long-lived germinal centers associated with persisting antigen after viral infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 12). Although malaria may increase viral replication in malaria may simultaneously disrupt placental architecture the short term, the concern that the malaria-associated and generate substantial antigen stimulus to HIV replica- increase in viral replication may accelerate HIV disease tion and increase risk for MTCT. (cdc.gov)
  • In animals with experimental autoimmune disease, a major mechanism of oral tolerance triggered by oral administration of antigen involves the induction of regulatory T cells that mediate active suppression by secreting the cytokine TGF-beta 1. (jci.org)
  • A key mechanism of immune evasion deployed by tumour cells is to reduce neoantigen presentation through down-regulation of the antigen presentation machinery. (portlandpress.com)
  • however, we still do not know exactly what kind of a structure the T cell receptor recognizes, al- though in 1987 we learned so much about the structure of MHC molecules and antigen presentation. (powells.com)
  • Due to their proficiency at antigen presentation, DCs are key coordinators in the induction of antitumor immunity. (moffitt.org)
  • The ability of bacterial lipopolysaccharide to modulate the induction of unresponsiveness to a state of immunity. (wikidata.org)
  • Studies on the induction of immunologic unresponsiveness. (wikidata.org)
  • Influence of antigen structure on the activation and induction of unresponsiveness in cloned human T lymphocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Using cloned human helper T lymphocytes reactive with a 24 amino acid peptide (p20) of the carboxyl terminal of the HA-1 molecule of influenza haemagglutinin we have investigated the influence of antigen structure on the activation and in the induction of antigen specific unresponsiveness of T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Yamada K, Sekijima M, Kawai A, Tanabe T, Tasaki M, Villani V, Hanekamp I, Shimizu A, Sachs D. Chimeric Thymus Versus Antigen Presenting Thymus for the Induction of Tolerance: Donor DCs in Vascularized Thymus Grafts Play an Essential Role in the Induction of Tolerance [abstract]. (atcmeetingabstracts.com)
  • Li Z, Chen Z, Cheng X, Wu X, Li G, Zhen Y, Cai S, Poon M-, Wu R. Baseline VWF Antigen Level Is Associated with the Outcome of Immune Tolerance Induction Using pdFVIII/VWF Concentrate in Hemophilia A with Inhibitor [abstract]. (isth.org)
  • T cell adhesion induced after physiological stimulation by antigen was investigated using murine T cell hybridomas specific for a tetanus toxin peptide. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The human immune response to PRP resembles the murine response to T-cell independent antigens: B cells provide the primary response without a contribution from T-helper cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Tolerance induction in B lymphocytes but thymus-dependent antigens. (wikidata.org)
  • Individuals infected with M. tuberculosis complex organisms (M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. africanum, M. microti, M. canetti) usually have lymphocytes in their blood that recognize these and other mycobacterial antigens. (cdc.gov)
  • the TB2 tube contains an additional set of peptides targeted to the induction of CMI responses from CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (cdc.gov)
  • In this process, drugs are required to perform three functions:evasion of the immune response to the antigen, targeting of the immune cells, and regulation of the immune cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The effect of Von Willebrand factor (VWF) on immune tolerance induction (ITI) in severe hemophilia A patients with inhibitor had not been clearly unveiled. (isth.org)
  • Identification and localization of avian leukosis group-specific antigen within 'leukosis-free' chick embryos. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The intratumoral region is generally in an immunosuppressive state [ 3 ] it contains dysfunctional antigen presenting cells, altered proportion of effector to regulatory T cells, and an abundance of immunosuppressive molecules, forming a network to facilitate immune evasion [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Distinct dynamics of antigen-specific induction and differentiation of different CD11c + Tbet + B-cell subsets. (bvsalud.org)
  • These results suggest that the oral administration of antigens generates antigen specific TGF-beta1 secreting Th3 cells of presumed mucosal origin that represent a distinct lineage of T cells. (jci.org)
  • The QFT-Plus has two distinct TB antigen tubes: TB Antigen Tube 1 (TB1) and TB Antigen Tube 2 (TB2). (cdc.gov)
  • He also established the role of peptidoglycan and other polyclonal B cell activators in the induction of autoantibody responses in various models of autoimmunity. (wikipedia.org)
  • The importance of nonspecific albumin association towards the biodistribution of antigen-adjuvant conjugates has gained increasing attention, by which hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions govern the association capacity. (mdrresearch.nl)
  • Using an ensemble of computational and experimental techniques, we evaluate the impact of charged residues adjacent to the drug conjugation site in dexamethasone-antigen conjugates (Dex-K/E4-OVA323, K: lysine, E: glutamate) towards their albumin association capacity and induction of antigen-specific Treg. (mdrresearch.nl)
  • We find that Dex-K4-OVA323 possesses a higher albumin association capacity than Dex-E4-OVA323, leading to enhanced liver distribution and antigen-presenting cell uptake. (mdrresearch.nl)
  • Induction of T cell adhesion by antigen stimulation and modulation by the coreceptor CD4. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our data suggest a link between antigen-induced T cell adhesion and late responses and also suggest that signals mediated by TCR and CD4 coengagement may induce a greater activation and/or recruitment of molecules involved in T cell adhesion. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Therefore T-cell antigen recognition is not determined by side chains alone. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The results presented suggest that structure of extrinsic antigen influences T-cell antigen recognition. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We found that induction of antigen (Ag)-specific T cell response is diminished in ovalbumin (OVA)- immunized NC mice. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • T antigen only becomes 'unsuppressed' as a cell moves towards malignancy, much like the covered rock in our example becomes uncovered as the tide moves out. (dadamo.com)
  • It is even more rare to find a Tn antigen on a healthy cell. (dadamo.com)
  • As a general rule, an orderly expression of T antigens on a cancer cell usually indicates a cancer with a relatively favorable outlook. (dadamo.com)
  • However, a prevalence of Tn antigens (Note: Tn Antigen is actually a precursor to T antigen or a less well developed T antigen) on a cancer cell usually denotes a highly aggressive, metastatic cancer irrespective of organ or type of cancer. (dadamo.com)
  • The difference between the yards is largely because a cancer cell is unable to completely assemble a normal, healthy cell membrane structure like a blood type ABO antigen. (dadamo.com)
  • However, as a cancer cell becomes poorly differentiated, Tn antigen expression predominates. (dadamo.com)
  • One of the functions of these T and Tn antigens is to promote cancer cell adhesion----the ability for the cancer cell to stick to other cells including healthy cells. (dadamo.com)
  • DR+ epidermal macrophage induction, and noma in young women: An evaluation of the Langerhans cell depletion. (who.int)
  • In vivo TR-APC induction elicits clonal expansion of cancer-specific T cells, establishes cancer-specific immune memory, and ultimately promotes leukemia eradication. (lu.se)
  • In schematic presentations no one is now placing the foreign antigen beside the MHC molecule, but rather on top of it, as pointed out by J. L. Strominger at the MHC + X meeting in Paris. (powells.com)
  • In contrast, "parked" cells exposed to fresh antigen at any time up to 4 months remained tolerant and "resistant" indefinitely. (ox.ac.uk)
  • High numbers of VSV-specific GC associated with persisting antigen were present 1 mo after immunization and later, i.e., considerably longer than has been observed for haptens. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Liu, Y & Mori, T 2022, ' Drug design for induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance ', Drug Delivery System , vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 142-148. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The results indicate that antigen specific helper factors may be one of the physiologic mediators of T-B interactions in intact animals. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These results indicate that low expression levels of MHC class II and cathepsin E might contribute to the defect in induction of Ag-specific T cells in NC mice. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • The major group-specific antigen (gs-a) of avian leukoviruses was detected by radioimmunoassay in extracellular medium of all embryonic cultures prepared from infected chickens. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Release of group-specific antigen into the extracellular medium was independent of subgroup or strain of avian leukosis or Rous sarcoma virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The radioimmunoassay of the group-specific antigen seems to be well suited to complement the COFAL (complement fixation avian leukosis) and RIF (resistance inducing factor) tests in the detection of leukosis virus in infected material. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The N-terminal amino acid of an avian leukosis group-specific antigen from avian myeloblastosis virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Origin of group-specific antigen of chicken leukosis viruses. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Immunofluorescent studies of group-specific antigen of the avian sarcoma-leukosis viruses. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: The presence of donor DCs likely plays an essential role in the induction of tolerance in this model. (atcmeetingabstracts.com)
  • Fas-mediated apoptosis may have a role in the induction of peripheral tolerance, in the antigen-stimulated suicide of mature T-cells, or both. (lu.se)
  • 1989. Cellular alterations and enhanced induction of cleft palate after coadministration of retinoic acid and TCDD. (cdc.gov)
  • Our findings serve as a guide to optimize the functionality of dexamethasone-antigen conjugate amid switching vaccine epitope sequences. (mdrresearch.nl)
  • After demonstration of safety, immunogenicity, and induction of serum bactericidal activity, an efficacy of 90% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 50%-95%) was shown for one dose of vaccine given to children 18-71 months old in a large trial in Finland. (cdc.gov)
  • Eventually, intravenous cyclophosphamide was investigated as an alternative to oral cyclophosphamide in an effort to decrease treatment-associated toxicities, and, while the emphasis has been placed on optimizing treatment by minimizing exposure to cyclophosphamide and seeking alternative comparable therapies, the combination of cyclophosphamide (intravenous or oral) and glucocorticoids remained the recommended therapy for induction of remission in generalized/severe GPA for years. (medscape.com)
  • The aim of this study was to validate a MiraVista(®) Diagnostics (MVD) Histoplasma urine antigen lateral flow assay (MVD LFA) for the detection of H. capsulatum antigen (Ag) in urine and compare this LFA against the MVista(®) Histoplasma Ag quantitative enzyme immunoassays (MVD EIA). (cdc.gov)
  • Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role during metastasis, but the dynamic behavior and induction mechanisms of CSCs are not well understood. (nature.com)
  • Both immunological and inflammatory mechanisms are involved in the induction of diisocyanate -induced asthma (DA). (cdc.gov)
  • A multicompartment geometric model of the liver in relation to regional induction of cytochrome P450s. (cdc.gov)
  • Lack of relationship between infection with avian leukosis virus and the presence of COFAL antigen in chick embryos. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Since introduced by Fauci et al in the 1970s, oral cyclophosphamide in combination with high-dose glucocorticoids (ie, prednisone 1mg/kg/day) has been the criterion standard for induction of remission in AAV. (medscape.com)