• Unlike acetylcholine and carbachol, nicotine uniquely induced drastic rearrangement of egg cortical microfilaments in a dose-dependent way. (mdpi.com)
  • Cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of actin microfilaments, was employed during in vitro maturation to inhibit first polar body emission or during parthenogenetic activation to block second polar body emission. (techscience.com)
  • Microfilaments and microtubules in calcium ionophore-induced secretion of lysosomal enzymes from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (rupress.org)
  • These calcium-mediated contractile events are mediated by cytochalasin B-insensitive microfilaments but not by microtubule assembly. (rupress.org)
  • It was found that the light-oriented movement of chloroplasts is reversibly inhibited by cytochalasin B. In 1973 researches found that cytochalasin B is a powerful non-competitive inhibitor of glucose transport. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, cytokine secretion was reduced following treatment with the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, and cytochalasin D, an inhibitor of actin polymerization. (cdc.gov)
  • I then used the β-actin polymerization inhibitor, cytochalasin D, to inhibit spinogenesis in the ARH. (escholarship.org)
  • The transient increase of Orai1 protein abundance was abrogated by Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 (50 μM) and by prevention of actin reorganization with cytochalasin B (1 μM). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ca2+-induced inhibition was not affected by the protein kinase inhibitor H-7 (10 microM) or the cytoskeleton disruptive agent cytochalasin B (20 microM), but prevented by cyclosporin A (1 microg/ ml), an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2B (calcineurin). (jku.at)
  • Whereas secretion induced by particulate or immune stimuli is accompanied by an increase in visible microtubules and is inhibitable by colchicine, secretion induced by A23187 and Ca++ was not accompanied by an increase in microtubule numbers and was not inhibited by colchicine. (rupress.org)
  • Brush border formation was inhibited by cytochalasin D but not by colchicine. (tau.ac.il)
  • Colchicine, nocodazole and taxol were found to induce differentiation and apoptosis in HT29 cells. (tau.ac.il)
  • Treatment with colchicine or forskolin induced the association of E-cadherin to the cytoskeleton fraction of subconfluent HT29 cells. (tau.ac.il)
  • Sequential stresses that mimic pathophysiologic 'two-hit' stimuli induce a characteristic fractal rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton. (usuhs.edu)
  • Because cytochalasin D-induced rearrangement of this cytoskeleton produced apoptosis indistinguishable from the stress-induced apoptosis, we conclude that the cytoskeletal rearrangement is likely a critical event in the pathway to apoptosis. (usuhs.edu)
  • It was rapidly demonstrated that the toxins target the cytoskeleton and inhibit the actin polymerization by specifically sequestering the G-actin monomers with a high affinity [4] , unlike cytochalasin D that targets the actin filament [5] . (beilstein-journals.org)
  • It is suggested that the predominant mechanism of cytochalasin B is the inhibition of actin filament polymerization through binding to the fast-growing (barbed) end of F-actin filaments. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ca2+-induced inhibition of Ca2+ channel activity in intact cells was due to a reduction of channel open probability and availability. (jku.at)
  • 1994 ). Inhibition of the first cleavage, as a technique for chromosome duplication, can theoretically induce diploidy in gynogenetically activated eggs, as well as in triploid and tetraploid normal fertilized eggs. (springeropen.com)
  • It blocks adenosine-induced apoptotic body formation without affecting activation of endogenous ADP-ribosylation in leukemia HL-60 cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here enucleated recipient cells are treated with cytochalasin B. Cytochalasin B makes the cytoplasm of the oocytes more fluid and makes it possible to aspirate the nuclear genome of the oocyte within a small vesicle of plasma membrane into a micro-needle. (wikipedia.org)
  • This results in the expression of spermidine on the surface, which specifically activates the PIP 3 -pathway to induce phagocytic uptake into primary or immortalized murine cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • During time-lapse image, fresh media buffered with HEPES was continuously perfused through the dish and temperature was maintained at 37°C. After 1-2 hours, cells were treated with cytochalasin D (to disrupt f-actin) and/or nocodazole (to depolymerize microtubules). (arvojournals.org)
  • In contrast, at 24 hrs cells had well organized microtubules and prominent focal adhesions, and significant cell-induced matrix compaction was observed. (arvojournals.org)
  • The distribution was not dependent on the presence of intact stress fibers or microtubules, as shown by double-fluorescence microscopy of cells exposed to cytochalasin B or cultured in the presence of monensin and of cold-treated cells. (rupress.org)
  • We hypothesized that stress-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells is, in part, a consequence of a critical cytoskeletal rearrangement. (usuhs.edu)
  • Other cells were exposed to cytochalasin D, a fungal metabolite, which interferes with polymerization of actin from its globular to its filamentous form, and similarly were analyzed with respect to fractal dimension, viability (neutral red assay), and manner of death (annexin V fluorescence-activated cell scanning analysis). (usuhs.edu)
  • These compounds induce important but reversible morphological changes on mouse neuroblastoma and fibroblast cells at low concentrations such as 50 ng/ mL [2] . (beilstein-journals.org)
  • In a recent study, activation of mAR by dehydrotestosterone (DHT) in prostate cancer cells was reported to induce rapid Ca 2+ influx via Orai that was important for rapid androgen effects [ 31 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • NIH 3T3 cells were treated with cytochalasin D (2 μM) for 120 min, or with cytochalasin following 30 min pretreatment with latrunculin B (5 μM). (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the second method, cytokinesis was blocked using cytochalasin B. Micronuclei were scored in cytokinesis-blocked cells. (edu.au)
  • In the diploid, there were 1 or 2 nucleoli in the cells, whereas the induced tetraploids contained 1, 2, 3, or 4. (springeropen.com)
  • We found a severe reduction of cAMP-induced Ca 2+ -influx into whole cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We used differentiated cells 4 to 5 hrs after starvation for preparation of Ca 2+ -transporting vesicles because cAMP-induced Ca 2+ -influx is present at that time and endosomal content is low (see below). (biomedcentral.com)
  • C3H10T1/2 cells were cultured as pellets in either 4µM cytochalasin D or 4µM nocodazole and subjected to 3 days of cyclic hydrostatic compression (1 Hz, 5 MPa, 2 h per day). (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • CAR-T cells are impartial of MHCs, and due to transporting costimulatory domains, they could induce strong antitumor responses (2). (azd1152.com)
  • Here we show that the release of ATP induced by hypotonic stress (HTS) in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) occurs through volume-regulated anion channels (VRAC). (silverchair.com)
  • Our results indicate that several dozens of proteins for each cell type, are PE-lipoxidated in HT-22, MLE, and H9c2 cells and M2 macrophages after they were induced to undergo ferroptosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Nocodazole induced rapid microtubule disruption which resulted in cellular contraction at both 3 hours and 24 hours. (arvojournals.org)
  • Exposing the eggs to drugs that cause either polymerization or depolymerization of actin (jasplakinolide (JAS) and cytochalasin D (CD) respectively) did not induce or prevent CGE. (tau.ac.il)
  • Therefore we examined the effects of drugs which selectively interfere with actin and tubulin polymerization on pressure-induced upregulation of aggrecan and col2a1 (type II collagen) mRNA expression. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • It inhibits cell movement and induces nuclear extrusion. (wikipedia.org)
  • In vitro treatment of peripheral blood lymphocytes with TSO induced significant number of micronuclei in all samples. (scialert.net)
  • Results of the study indicate that ginger may protect against chromosomal damage induced by genotoxicant, as evidenced by this in vitro experimentation. (scialert.net)
  • In experiment 1, the effect of cytochalasin B on in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes was evaluated. (techscience.com)
  • In experiment 2, development of embryos exposed to cytochalasin B during in vitro maturation (CytoB-IVM) or during activation (CytoB-ACT) was compared. (techscience.com)
  • and for lymphocytes irradiated in vitro there was a linear relationship between dose of radiation and number of induced micronuclei. (edu.au)
  • Their recognition by specific host receptors called pattern recognition receptors (PRR) induces a strong inflammatory response to kill the pathogen. (elifesciences.org)
  • However, a dose- and time-dependent release of IL-1β was detected in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed macrophages upon exposure to HCS, while SWCNT-induced secretion of IL-1β was less pronounced. (cdc.gov)
  • Cytochalasin B inhibits glucose transport and platelet aggregation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The extent to which ginger extract reduced the micronuclei formation induced by TSO exposure was almost normal or less than the control values. (scialert.net)
  • Cytochalasin B did not itself produce micronuclei. (edu.au)
  • Upon demecolcine-induced reorganization of intermediate filaments, however, the localization of p230 was rapidly altered to a dense plaque underneath the perinuclear aggregate of intermediate filaments. (rupress.org)
  • G-actin regulated genes were induced by treatment with cytochalasin D ( CD , 2 μM, 90 min) and repressed by latrunculin B ( LB , 5 μM). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dr. Sengupta also investigated the pharmacological effects of docetaxel combined with latrunculin A or cytochalasin D. Both drug combinations disrupted the formation of heterotypic intercellular nanostructures without inducing anti-mitotic effects leading to cell death. (health.mil)
  • This is accompanied by increased Atf3 promoter activity in cytochalasin D-treated chondrocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cytochalasin D, which prevented the uptake of C. burnetii without interfering with its binding, did not affect the expression of TNF mRNA. (nih.gov)
  • Reversal of the sequence did not induce the cytoskeletal disruption. (usuhs.edu)
  • This disruption of intra- cellular interconnections mirrors endotoxin-induced disruption in signals among organs and supports the mechanistic hypothesis that multiorgan dysfunction syndrome generally reflects disruption of signals and connections at several levels of biologic organization. (usuhs.edu)
  • 120 minutes) to induce the heat-shock response, a well-characterized model of stress-induced apoptosis. (usuhs.edu)
  • Cytochalasin D alone induced a dose-dependent cytoskeletal collapse indistinguishable from that caused by the acute phase-heat shock sequence that caused cell death by apoptosis. (usuhs.edu)
  • Whereas contractions parallel to the plasma membrane could occur in the absence of enzyme release (ionophore alone) and enzyme release could occur in the absence of such contractions (ionophore plus calcium plus cytochalasin B), contraction toward the cytocenter occurred in all experimental conditions in which significant enzyme release was obtained. (rupress.org)
  • The chromosome number of the induced tetraploid Korean rose bitterling was 4n = 96, while that of the diploid was 2n = 48. (springeropen.com)
  • In this study, we induced tetraploidy in Korean rose bitterling, Rhodeus uyekii , by applying various hydrostatic pressure shock conditions. (springeropen.com)
  • Based on these studies, only hydrostatic pressure shock was considered effective at inducing tetraploidy based on the calculated hatching, abnormal, and induction rates. (springeropen.com)
  • The most effective condition for inducing tetraploidy was 6000 psi of hydrostatic pressure shock for 10 min after being fertilized for 100 min. (springeropen.com)
  • However, clearance of an infection is not only dependent on the ability of the host to induce an immune response following pathogen recognition, but also on the strategies of the pathogen to evade immune defense mechanisms and to express pathogenicity factors allowing them to establish a niche in the host. (elifesciences.org)
  • We found that vesicular Ca 2+ -transport in the lvsA-mutant was diminished and that cAMP-induced Ca 2+ -influx was drastically reduced, indicating that functional CV are absolutely required for the cAMP-dependent Ca 2+ -influx. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Plication was prevented by cytochalasin B or reversed by subsequent exposure to an endocytic stimulus such as zymosan. (rupress.org)
  • The monocyte alpha(v)beta(3) integrin was involved in TNF synthesis since peptides containing RGD sequences and blocking antibodies against alpha(v)beta(3) integrin inhibited TNF transcripts induced by C. burnetii. (nih.gov)
  • Nevertheless, the cross-linking of alpha(v)beta(3) integrin by specific antibodies was not sufficient to induce TNF synthesis. (nih.gov)
  • Limax flavus agglutinin-induced receptor redistribution, capping and internalization in varicosities of growing axons. (grantome.com)
  • LRP6 was robustly activated in mechanically induced PDLSCs and PDL tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
  • High salt diets ( 1 , 2 ), renal impairment ( 3 - 6 ), inflammation, and infection ( 7 - 11 ) can induce Na + accumulation in skin tissues that can be simulated by addition of approximately 40 mM NaCl to standard cell culture media (= high salt condition, HS) ( 2 , 8 , 12 , 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • One of the major electrophoretic identifiable erythrocyte membrane proteins may be the cytochalasin B binding site of erythrocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The contractile vacuoles in Dictyostelium represent a highly efficient acidic Ca 2+ -store that is required for cAMP-induced Ca 2+ -influx. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human peripheral blood leukocytes (PMN) are induced to release lysosomal enzymes by the calcium ionophore A23187 in the presence but not the absence of extracellular Ca++. (rupress.org)
  • Although the role of axon retraction during development of the nervous system is well appreciated, the mechanism of guidance-cue-induced retraction is not fully elucidated. (biologists.com)
  • Cytochalasin B contains several highly polar keto- and hydroxyl groups and one peripheric lipophilic benzyl unit. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, disrupted F-actin dynamics inhibited osteogenic differentiation, proliferation, YAP nuclear translocation, and YAP activation in mechanically induced PDLSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We demonstrate that not only the presence of pathogen inherent molecular patterns induces immune responses, but that bacterial motility is linked to a host-cell-induced expression of additional immune modulators. (elifesciences.org)
  • Cytochalasin B, the name of which comes from the Greek cytos (cell) and chalasis (relaxation), is a cell-permeable mycotoxin. (wikipedia.org)
  • We demonstrate that upon hitting a host cell, motile Pseudomonas aeruginosa induce a specific gene expression program. (elifesciences.org)
  • HCS (250 nm) were readily taken up by HMDM and induced ROS production, but did not trigger a loss of cell viability. (cdc.gov)
  • Mechanical stress induces auto/paracrine ATP release from various cell types, but the mechanisms underlying this release are not well understood. (silverchair.com)
  • Tetraploidy was not induced under 4500 psi pressure treatment in any experimental group. (springeropen.com)
  • Developmental rates did not differ between diploidization strategies, even when three agents were employed to induce activation. (techscience.com)
  • When activation-induced actin polymerisation was prevented by cytochalasin E, the recovery of both annexin V and cytosolic phospholipase A(2) remained unchanged. (ox.ac.uk)
  • I investigated the roles of RhoA-kinase and myosin II in semaphorin-3A-induced growth cone collapse and axon retraction. (biologists.com)
  • Repellent guidance cues induce growth cone collapse, characterized by the loss of protrusive lamellipodia and filopodia ( Gallo and Letourneau, 2004 ). (biologists.com)
  • It was found that substoichiometric concentrations of cytochalasin B (CB) strongly inhibit network formation by actin filaments. (wikipedia.org)
  • b) Contractions perpendicular to the plasma membrane, toward the cytocenter, resulted in the formation of vacuoles in normal PMN and of membrane invaginations in cytochalasin B-treated PMN. (rupress.org)
  • I induced the formation of spines in the ARH with estradiol and showed that this was mediated by membrane-initiated signaling requiring mGluR1a and the phosphorylation of cofilin. (escholarship.org)
  • On the other hand, avirulent variants of C. burnetii induced TNF production through an increased binding to monocytes rather than through the potency of their LPS. (nih.gov)
  • Stimulation of neutrophils with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) overcame high salt-induced impairment in ROS production and restored antimicrobial activity of neutrophils. (frontiersin.org)
  • Various VRAC inhibitors, such as glibenclamide, verapamil, tamoxifen, and fluoxetine, suppressed the HTS-induced release of ATP, as well as the concomitant Ca 2+ oscillations and NO production. (silverchair.com)
  • They did not, however, affect Ca 2+ oscillations and NO production induced by exogenously applied ATP. (silverchair.com)
  • Although nicotine is an agonist of ionotropic acetylcholine receptors, we found that nicotine-induced polyspermy was neither mimicked by acetylcholine and carbachol nor inhibited by specific antagonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. (mdpi.com)
  • The effect of lower doses of cytochalasin D could be potentiated by subsequent induction of the heat- shock response. (usuhs.edu)
  • The loss of estradiol-induced dendritic spines markedly reduced lordosis behavior underlying the importance of morphological changes in the ARH for the estradiol-induction of sexual receptivity. (escholarship.org)
  • Cytochalasin D was used to determine the effects of F-actin on osteogenic commitment and YAP switch behavior in mechanically induced PDLSCs. (biomedcentral.com)