OverexpressionApoptosisKinasesCDK6PhosphorylationCDK4ArrestTranscriptionalPathwayFibroblastsComplexesInterferonSecretionIdentifiesSenescenceMRNAMammary epithelial cellsGenesProgressionVivoTesticularProteinSerumReceptorsStimulationExpressionMechanismsTumorsDecreaseCellsCellCysteineStimuliIncreasesTranscription factorHumanEffectPrevent
Overexpression5
- For instance, overexpression of cyclins or the elimination of CDK inhibitors or pRB due to genetic mutation are common cause in human cancer. (ukessays.com)
- Overexpression of the active form of this enzyme induces apoptosis in fibroblasts. (cancerindex.org)
- Furthermore, we observed that the overexpression of YAP significantly reduced the expression of 14-3-3ζ by inducing its ubiquitination. (oncotarget.com)
- Accumulation of p27(kip1) is associated with cyclin D3 overexpression in the oxyphilic (Hurthle cell) variant of follicular thyroid carcinoma. (medscape.com)
- Further studies demonstrated that proinflammatory cytokines, via suppression of COUP-TFII level, induce VEGF-C overexpression. (endometriosistreatmentreport.com)
Apoptosis10
- Administration of POS extract reversed the ACR-induced epididymides weight loss with improved semen quality and count, ameliorated the ACR-decreased testicular lesion scoring, testicular oxidative stress, testicular degeneration, Leydig cell apoptosis and the dysregulated PCNA and Caspase-3 expression in a dose-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
- Cyclin D3-CDK6 inhibits the glycolytic enzymes PFK1 and PKM2 to prevent T-ALL cell apoptosis. (aacrjournals.org)
- However, in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), which predominately expresses CDK6 and the activating cyclin, cyclin D3, inhibition of CDK6 or cyclin D3 induces apoptosis. (aacrjournals.org)
- Thus, the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib reduced NADPH and GSH levels in T-ALL cells, thereby increasing ROS levels to induce apoptosis, which could be rescued by the antioxidant N -acetyl-cysteine. (aacrjournals.org)
- In vivo , palbociclib induced apoptosis of human T-ALL cells, but did not induce apoptosis in T-ALL cells expressing phosphomimetic PFK1 and PKM2 mutants. (aacrjournals.org)
- Moreover, in breast cancer cells, which express CDK4 instead of CDK6, palbociclib induced cell-cycle arrest instead of apoptosis, further indicating that expression of cyclin D3 and CDK6 in T-ALL cells promotes apoptosis in response to palbociclib. (aacrjournals.org)
- Additionally, 16 of 18 nonleukemic cancer cell lines exhibiting high expression of cyclin D3 and CDK6 underwent apoptosis in response to palbociclib, and, in melanoma patient-derived xenografts, high cyclin D3 and CDK6 expression was associated with tumor regression after CDK4/6 inhibition. (aacrjournals.org)
- Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Rat Apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. (2sars.com)
- Cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitors have the potential to induce growth arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. (omecamtivmecarbilactivator.com)
- In support of this, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Mcl-1 was sufficient to induce apoptosis in all three DLBCL. (omecamtivmecarbilactivator.com)
Kinases2
- Inhibitors of the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6 induce cell-cycle arrest in RB1-proficient tumors and have had promising results in several tumor types. (aacrjournals.org)
- Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks) are evolutionarily conserved proteins that are essential for cell-cycle control in eukaryotes. (bdbiosciences.com)
CDK66
- High levels of cyclin D3 and CDK6 may predict response to CDK4/6 inhibitors in multiple tumor types. (aacrjournals.org)
- The mechanisms underlying the prosurvival function of cyclin D3-CDK6 have not been elucidated, prompting Wang and colleagues to search for substrates that may promote cancer cell survival. (aacrjournals.org)
- 6-phosphofructokinase (PFK1) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), enzymes that catalyze irreversible, rate-limiting steps in glycolysis, were directly phosphorylated and inhibited by cyclin D3-CDK6, suggesting that cyclin D3-CDK6 may have a unique role in glucose metabolism. (aacrjournals.org)
- Together, these findings elucidate a prosurvival role for cyclin D3-CDK6 in metabolism, in addition to its role in cell-cycle progression, and suggest that high levels of cyclin D3 and CDK6 may predict response to CDK4/6 inhibitors. (aacrjournals.org)
- The metabolic function of cyclin D3-CDK6 kinase in cancer cell survival. (aacrjournals.org)
- 1) For example, the down-regulation of miR15s and miR - 16 - 1 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, prostate cancer and pituitary tumours, leading to the inhibition of tumour growth and induce cell cycle arrest at the G 1 - phase by target cell cycle regulators ( cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin D3 and CDK6). (ukessays.com)
Phosphorylation5
- Phosphorylation of S446 increases phosphotransferase activity and induces interaction with H-Ras-1. (kinexusproducts.ca)
- Phosphorylation of S729 increases phosphotransferase activity and induces interaction with 14-3-3 beta. (kinexusproducts.ca)
- Studies have revealed that 14-3-3ζ promotes cytoplasmic retention and suppresses the transcriptional activity of YAP by inducing its phosphorylation. (oncotarget.com)
- CVT-313 treatment reduced cdk2-mediated phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma gene product (Rb) on T821, but did not affect cyclin D-cdk4/6-mediated Rb phosphorylation on S807/811. (omecamtivmecarbilactivator.com)
- PTHrP1-17 retains the ability to signal through PTH1R to induce calcium flux and ERK phosphorylation but not cyclic AMP production or CREB phosphorylation. (phoenixpeptide.com)
CDK43
- This study examined the involvement of D-type G1 cyclins and their associated cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk4) in the cAMP-dependent G1 phase progression of dog thyroid cells. (ac.be)
- It was found to reflect both the unmasking of an epitope of cyclin D3 close to its domain of interaction with cdk4, and the nuclear translocation of cyclin D3. (ac.be)
- TSH and EGF+serum also induced a previously undescribed nuclear translocation of cdk4, the assembly of precipitable cyclin D3-cdk4 complexes, and the Rb kinase activity of these complexes. (ac.be)
Arrest2
- 1996). "Alpha interferon suppresses the cyclin D3 and cdc25A genes, leading to a reversible G0-like arrest" . (wikidoc.org)
- Wogonin induced G1 cell cycle arrest by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and inactivating CDK8 in human colorectal cancer carcinoma cells. (esmed.org)
Transcriptional2
- Cysteine cathepsin inhibition had no effect on the induction of the TGFβ-1-induced EMT program on transcriptional level. (biomedcentral.com)
- Group 3 cyclins (G1, G2 and I) may play a role distinct from either cell cycle or transcriptional regulation. (bdbiosciences.com)
Pathway3
- In addition, the ACR-induced reproductive toxicity is associated with a dramatic reduction in testosterone level due to disruption of the Leydig cells steroidogenic pathway [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Here, microinjections of a cyclin D3 antibody showed that cyclin D3 is essential in the TSH/ cAMP-dependent mitogenesis, but not in the pathway of growth factors that induce cyclins D1 and D2. (ac.be)
- The transcription of several genes have been found to be increased by this pathway, including cyclins D1, D2 and D3, VEGF, c-myc, b3-integrin and mdm2. (kinexusproducts.ca)
Fibroblasts2
- Third was induced in senescent mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) cultured for a long time (passage 6) but not in MEFs at passage 1 (Fig. S3). (ampkpathway.com)
- Western blot analysis of cyclin C in NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts. (bdbiosciences.com)
Complexes2
- The complex canonical and non-canonical intracellular TGFβ-1 signal transduction is modified by ligand-induced endocytosis of monoubiquitinylated TGFβ-receptor/ligand complexes [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Cyclins contain a conserved amino acid sequence motif, the cyclin box, which allows their binding to cdks to form active complexes that regulate progression of the cell cycle. (bdbiosciences.com)
Interferon2
- interferon induced transmemb. (gsea-msigdb.org)
- Cloning, expression and biological activity of a new variant of human interferon alpha identified in virus induced lymphoblastoid cells. (nih.gov)
Secretion4
- non-etheless because various other senescence-inducing secretion elements (30) including IGFBPs IL TGFβ and PAI1 not merely induce senescence but also trigger or donate to degenerative adjustments in the encompassing cells (31-33) it'll be of great curiosity to research the physiological need for Ecrg4's function. (ampkpathway.com)
- Both occasions are necessary for control and secretion induced by all the stimuli. (conferencedequebec.org)
- Furthermore, a pioneering research by Ferrari (31) demonstrated that in microglia and monocytic Piroxicam (Feldene) IC50 cells LPS induces the discharge of ATP, recommending its participation in LPS-driven IL-1 secretion. (conferencedequebec.org)
- DICER1 Outcomes PAMPs and DAMPs Functioning on Different TLRs and NLRs Induce IL-1 Secretion at Different Extents. (conferencedequebec.org)
Identifies1
- No. 558903) was titrated from 1:4000 to 1:12,000 (lanes 1 to 3) and identifies cyclin at ~ 36 kD. (bdbiosciences.com)
Senescence2
- induces senescence accompanied by the proteasomal degradation of cyclins D1 and D3. (ampkpathway.com)
- Right here, we current evidence from the two in vitro and in vivo studies to indicate that these mutations cooperate, a minimum of in portion, by means of the skill of PTEN/ PIK3CA/AKT mutations to suppress RAS-induced senescence, thereby permitting for these oncogenic pathways to cooperate in tumorigenesis. (pafr-inhibitor.com)
MRNA2
- The mRNA expression of G 1 cyclins (Cyclin C, D1, D2, D3) and histone H1-kinase activity by CDK2 increased 6 h after angiotensin II stimulation. (elsevierpure.com)
- The mRNA expression of G1 cyclins (Cyclin C, D1, D2, D3) and histone H1-kinase activity by CDK2 increased 6 h after angiotensin II stimulation. (elsevierpure.com)
Mammary epithelial cells2
- Here, we have investigated the role of ChoK in the development of breast cancer and found that ChoK is both necessary and sufficient for growth factor-induced proliferation in primary human mammary epithelial cells and an absolute requirement for the specific mitogenic response to heregulin in breast tumor-derived cells. (aacrjournals.org)
- We hypothesized that cysteine cathepsins affect transforming growth factor β-1 (TGFβ-1)-induced EMT of normal and malignant mammary epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Genes1
- (E and F) represents a Western blot demonstrating WT-ASPH induced activation of Notch signaling as determined by increased levels of Notch1 ICN, JAG2, as well as increased expression of downstream responsive genes HES1, HEY1, EpCAM, CD44, c-Myc, MMP2/9, cyclin D3 and PCNA. (oncotarget.com)
Progression2
- Cyclin C may play a dual role within the cell in its ability to regulate both cell cycle progression as well as gene transcription. (bdbiosciences.com)
- Because Cdc2 kinase is important for cell entry into mitosis, cyclin C's ability to regulate cell cycle progression may be attributed, in part, to modulation of Cdc2 protein expression.6 Cyclin C has a predicted molecular weight of 36 kD. (bdbiosciences.com)
Vivo2
- In this study, we show that up-regulation of PC4 in vivo in adult muscle significantly potentiates injury-induced regeneration by enhancing myogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
- The objective of this research was to investigate the synergistic effects of two dietary components: docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid present in cold-water fish, and curcumin (CCM), an herbal nutrient present in turmeric, in an in vivo model of DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis in mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Testicular6
- The antioxidant effects of Portulaca oleracea seeds extract (POS) and its fertility-enhancing effects were inspiring to evaluate the protective potential and pinpoint the mechanisms and molecular targets of the UPLC-MS fingerprinted POS extract on ACR-induced testicular toxicity in rats. (biomedcentral.com)
- The supplementation with POS extract may provide a potential protective effect for ACR-induced testicular dysfunction which is mediated by its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and steroidogenic modulatory effects. (biomedcentral.com)
- In this study, molecular mechanisms of MSCs in regulating germ cell activity induced by testicular torsion-detorsion were investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
- MSCs significantly reversed the imbalance of glycolysis in sperm and testis induced by testicular torsion-detorsion, as evidenced by increasing the expression of phosphoglycerate kinase 2 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-spermatogenic, activating Akt, and increasing glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), which led to the increase in glycolysis cascades and ATP production. (biomedcentral.com)
- Human stem cell factor contributed the activation of Akt/GSK3 axis when sperm suffered from testicular torsion-detorsion-induced germ cell injury. (biomedcentral.com)
- We previously explored that local injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 30 min before surgical detorsion was applicable to prevent testicular torsion-induced I/R injury on germ cell and maintain the spermatogenesis at acute stage. (biomedcentral.com)
Protein3
- TGFβ-1 induced morphological and functional changes of cells are the result of substantial gene regulation and protein alterations leading to: loss of epithelial cell-cell adhesion and apical-basolateral polarity, change of differentiation markers, acquisition of fibroblastoid shape, reversion of intermediate filaments, gain of cell motility and increased extracellular proteolysis [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of p- NF-κβ, cyclin D1 and cyclin D3 protein in each group of cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- The identity of this protein has not been determined, but may represent an alternative splice product of the cyclin C gene, as has been identified in other species. (bdbiosciences.com)
Serum1
Receptors1
- Inducing sarcoendoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2 + ) receptors SERCA2a and down-regulation of phospholamban ATPase. (encyclopedia.pub)
Expression8
- Figure 7: Effect of SMI MO-I-1100 on the PC phenotype induced by exogenous or endogenous high-level of WT-ASPH expression. (oncotarget.com)
- however the addition of the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin blocked the ectopic Ecrg4-induced decrease in cyclins D1 and D3 (Fig. 2or shRNA in CG4 cells the level of Ecrg4 in the culture medium increased or decreased respectively (Fig. S5and might be involved in aging we examined its expression in the brain of the adult mouse. (ampkpathway.com)
- In fact, up-regulation of PC4 in primary myoblasts induces the deacetylation, and hence the inactivation and nuclear export of NF-κB p65, in concomitance with induction of MyoD expression. (bvsalud.org)
- The expression levels of p-NF-κβ, cyclin D1 and cyclin D3 proteins in TLR2 gene knockdown group cells were significantly reduced. (biomedcentral.com)
- Like many cyclins, the expression of cyclin C oscillates throughout the cell cycle, with a peak observed during G1 phase. (bdbiosciences.com)
- Western blot analysis revealed cyclin B1 expression after 18 h, which peaked at 30 h. (elsevierpure.com)
- In contrast with neonatal cardiomyocytes, angiotensin II potentiated DNA synthesis and induced cell cycle regulated gene expression in AT-1 cardiomyocytes, and this activity was mediated by the angiotensin II type-1 receptor. (elsevierpure.com)
- 16] Tetsu O, McCormick F. β-Catenin regulates expression of cyclin D1 in colon carcinoma cells. (esmed.org)
Mechanisms1
- Compared with the more common polyp-induced sporadic colorectal cancer (sCRC), CAC has different molecular mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumors2
- We used the carcinogen DMBA to induce breast tumors in SENCAR mice on control, CCM, DHA, or DHA + CCM diets. (biomedcentral.com)
- The SK-BR-3 cells and DMBA-induced tumors, both with an ER - and Her-2 + phenotype, were affected by the synergistic interaction of DHA and CCM. (biomedcentral.com)
Decrease2
- On the contrary, PC4 silencing in myoblasts induces the acetylation and nuclear import of p65, in parallel with a decrease of MyoD levels. (bvsalud.org)
- YAP, 14-3-3ζ, and mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) were colocalized, and the knockdown of MDM2 by siRNA attenuated the YAP-induced decrease of 14-3-3ζ. (oncotarget.com)
Cells1
- However, surgical detorsion-induced reperfusion injury may occur, and germ cells cannot be regenerated by the surgery [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell4
- The role of lysosomal proteolysis in TGFβ-1-induced EMT and invasion was investigated in a normal and a novel malignant murine mammary epithelial cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our results demonstrate an important role of lysosomal proteolysis in cellular remodeling during EMT and a pivotal contribution of lysosomal cysteine cathepsins to TGFβ-1 induced acquisition of breast cancer cell invasiveness. (biomedcentral.com)
- More recently, cyclins are being shown to have additional functions not restricted to cell cycle regulation. (bdbiosciences.com)
- Genetic alterations of BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2), MYC [v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (avian)] and CCND1 (cyclin D1) are the most frequently found alterations in human B-cell lymphomas. (haematologica.org)
Cysteine1
- The polyclonal antiserum reacts with human and mouse cyclin C. A polypeptide fragment containing amino acids 290-303 (QGPNGSQNSSYSQS) at the C-terminus of human cyclin C, with the addition of a C-terminal cysteine (C) residue to facilitate conjugation to KLH, was used as immunogen. (bdbiosciences.com)
Stimuli1
- All Stimuli Induce Dynamic Launch of Endogenous ATP, In charge of P2X7R Activation. (conferencedequebec.org)
Increases1
- In angina pectoris, propranolol generally reduces the oxygen requirement of the heart at any given level of effort by blocking the catecholamine-induced increases in the heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and the velocity and extent of myocardial contraction. (ncats.io)
Transcription factor1
- XTcf-3 transcription factor mediates β-catenin-induced axis formation in Xenopus embryos. (esmed.org)
Human2
- Human Cyclin C polypeptide fragment aa. (bdbiosciences.com)
- Cyclin C has been identified in both human and chicken species. (bdbiosciences.com)
Effect1
- A quantitative proteome comparison using stable isotopic labeling with amino acids in culture (SILAC) showed the effect of E64d on TGFβ-1 induced proteome changes. (biomedcentral.com)
Prevent1
- The goals of pharmacotherapy are to reduce morbidity, induce remission, and prevent complications. (medscape.com)