Induce pregnancy animal. Medical search. Frequent questions

Maternal smoking during pregnancy is an established risk factor for low infant birth weight, but evidence on critical exposure windows and timing of fetal growth restriction is limited. (plos.org)
Here we investigate the associations of maternal quitting, reducing, and continuing smoking during pregnancy with longitudinal fetal growth by triangulating evidence from 3 analytical approaches to strengthen causal inference. (plos.org)
We analysed data from 8,621 European liveborn singletons in 2 population-based pregnancy cohorts (the Generation R Study, the Netherlands 2002-2006 [ n = 4,682]) and the Born in Bradford study, United Kingdom 2007-2010 [ n = 3,939]) with fetal ultrasound and birth anthropometric measures, parental smoking during pregnancy, and maternal genetic data. (plos.org)
A consistent linear dose-dependent association of maternal smoking with fetal growth was observed from the early second trimester onwards, while no major growth deficit was found in women who quit smoking early in pregnancy except for a shorter FL during late gestation. (plos.org)
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is an established risk factor for low infant birth weight. (plos.org)
We analysed data from 8,621 white European liveborn singletons from 2 population-based pregnancy cohorts to assess the associations of maternal quitting, reducing, and continuing smoking during pregnancy with the longitudinal growth of different fetal parameters (weight, head circumference, femur length, and abdominal circumference). (plos.org)
Those interested in understanding the impact of maternal obesity often feed high fat/high sugar diets prior to conception and throughout pregnancy and lactation. (endocrinology.org)
The laboratory where I am based utilises a mouse model of maternal diet-induced obesity. (endocrinology.org)
Amy Radunz, a nutritionist from the department of animal sciences at the University of Wisconsin in River Falls, has partnered with molecular biologist Hasan Khatib, an associate professor at University of Wisconsin-Madison, to ask how differences in maternal diet during pregnancy induce gene expression and DNA methylation changes in fetal tissues in sheep. (genengnews.com)
Dr Ladyman's area of expertise is hormone-induced adaptations of the maternal brain. (otago.ac.nz)
High fat diet-induced maternal obesity in mice impairs peripartum maternal behaviour. (otago.ac.nz)
Pregnancy in young onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) does not often occur, yet the medication in this condition is critical for maternal and fetal health. (biorxiv.org)
The pregnancy category C means animal studies showed risk to fetus and studies on humans are unavailable, while potential benefits in maternal disease control may outweigh the potential risks to fetus. (biorxiv.org)
Researchers have delved into the neurobiological evolution during pregnancy and postpartum, shining a light on brain changes and maternal behavior. (neurosciencenews.com)
Based on the evidence published, the researchers point out which neuroplasticity processes most likely contribute to the changes identified, and how these can be related to pregnancy and maternal behavior hormones. (neurosciencenews.com)
In both rats and rabbits, exposure to EGEE induced high embryo mortality at maternal toxic concentrations. (cdc.gov)
During early mammalian embryonic development, trophoblast cells play an essential role in establishing cell-cell interactions at the maternal-fetal interface to ensure a successful pregnancy. (edu.au)
The mechanism of the association is not known but maternal smoking during pregnancy increases cord blood IgE, and it is likely that smoking in some way enhances the likelihood of the offspring developing atopic manifestations [10]. (who.int)
Cervical ripening induced by dexamethasone was confirmed by the significant increase in maternal plasma Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), as evidenced by the assay of its metabolite PGEM. (ugr.es)
Given that showering for ≥15 minutes during pregnancy is very common, further evaluation of the relationship between maternal showering habits and birth defects in offspring is worthwhile. (cdc.gov)

The purpose of this article is to provide an up-to-date source of information about medication use in pregnancy, to review the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pregnancy and lactation categories, and to further describe FDA changes in drug labeling. (medscape.com)
7 Others may wish just to look at the effect of certain diets during pregnancy, or perhaps address the influence a particular diet has on the offspring during certain developmental windows of pregnancy and/or lactation. (endocrinology.org)
Her work focuses on understanding the neuro-hormonal circuits that regulate hyperphagia, glucose regulation, suppression of physical activity and thermoregulation during pregnancy and lactation. (otago.ac.nz)
She is also interested in understanding how going through pregnancy and lactation influences long term metabolic health. (otago.ac.nz)
Her research involves using transgenic animal models to understand how the physiological changes of pregnancy and lactation influence neuronal function and behavioural outcomes. (otago.ac.nz)
Mechanisms of lactation-induced infertility in female mice. (otago.ac.nz)

Ponderosa pine needles are known to induce abortions in cows when consumed during the last trimester of pregnancy. (usda.gov)
The toxin in ponderosa pine needles that induces abortions in cattle is the labdane resin acid isocupressic acid (ICA). (usda.gov)
This shift lasted less than 1 week post exposure, which indicates that any prophylactic treatment to manipulate the ruminal metabolism of the abortifacient compounds in pine needles in an attempt to prevent pine needle induced abortions would need to be continuously administered in order to maintain the necessary microbial composition in the rumen. (usda.gov)
Further research is needed to more fully characterize the microbiome changes that occur during pine needle exposure and to understand how those changes can be safely initiated and maintained in order to potentially prevent pine needle-induced abortions in cattle. (usda.gov)
After combining and reviewing the results from these studies, the researchers concluded that "the totality of worldwide epidemiological evidence indicates that pregnancies ending as either spontaneous or induced abortions do not have adverse effects on women's subsequent risk of developing breast cancer. (mediamatters.org)
These experts did not find that abortions (either induced or spontaneous) cause a higher breast cancer risk. (mediamatters.org)
In extremely large doses, ashwagandha has been reported to induce abortions in animals. (thehealersjournal.com)

Women planning to become pregnant should avoid all alcohol consumption, smoking, and use of illegal drugs (eg, cocaine) before and during the pregnancy, because these activities may have serious deleterious effects on the fetus. (medscape.com)

Using a lentiviral vector containing either H-Ras oncogene and a hairpin targeting p53 or both tumor suppressor genes, NF-1 and p53, Dr. Friedmann-Morvinski can induce the formation of a glioma tumor in mice injected in the brain. (genengnews.com)
Effect of pregnancy on the expression of nutrient-sensors and satiety hormones in mice. (otago.ac.nz)
The animals were divided into four experimental groups (normal mice, CKD mice with no treatment, CKD mice with probiotic treatment, and CKD mice with postbiotic treatment). (biomedcentral.com)
CKD mice were induced by a single dose of cisplatin 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally. (biomedcentral.com)
In conclusion, it was found that the administration of L. fermentum probiotic, and particularly its postbiotic in cisplatin-induced CKD mice, showed promising effects and could successfully improve renal function in the animal model of CKD. (biomedcentral.com)

Clinical and experimental data have demonstrated that corticosteroids administered orally or by injection to animals may induce the first stage of parturition if used during the last trimester of pregnancy and may precipitate premature parturition followed by dystocia, fetal death, retained placenta, and metritis. (medi-vet.com)

These data indicate that environmental exposure to air pollutants triggers changes in the placental cellular composition, mediating adverse pregnancy outcomes. (nature.com)
However, there is also evidence to suggest that exposure to obesity in pregnancy can increase a child's risk of non-communicable disease in adulthood. (endocrinology.org)
Subsequently, we found that exposure to H-GBHs triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and further induced apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Caspase3, Caspase9 and Caspase12. (nih.gov)
These findings reveal the mechanism of GBHs-induced intestinal damage in offspring, improving our understanding of the risk of GBHs exposure in pregnant women and suggesting the potential protective effects of betaine against GBHs poisoning. (nih.gov)
The clearest example of a disruptor is diethylstilbestrol (DES), a chemical that behaves like a hormone and not only affects the health of the exposed person, but also can generate irreversible damage to their descendants since the exposure of a mother to these compounds during pregnancy can generate varied and unexpected effects on the offspring several decades after having been exposed in utero. (ivis.org)
Pregestational exposure of rats had no effect on mating success, and EGEE had no effect on establishment of pregnancy in either species. (cdc.gov)
PFAS contaminants may be linked to serious adverse health effects in humans and animals, as epidemiologic studies have shown that potential adverse human health effects from exposure to some PFAS include increased serum cholesterol, immune dysregulation, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and kidney and testicular cancers. (illinoisattorneygeneral.gov)
Studies in experimental incidence and multiplicity of tumours to Wilms tumour in humans - in the animals increase and the latency period de adult rat after perinatal exposure to a creases with increasing dose. (who.int)

Obesity in pregnancy is associated with a plethora of complications in the mother that may include gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, inflammation and elevated lipid profiles. (endocrinology.org)
Meanwhile, the potential pregnancy complications on mothers are barely reported. (biorxiv.org)
Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) positive EVs increase with gestational age and may be relatively increased early in pregnancy in women who develop severe pregnancy complications. (selectbiosciences.com)
[ 1 ] beginning with a summary of key general considerations, proceeding to a review of the main neurologic complications that may arise in pregnant people who were previously free of neurologic disease, and concluding with a discussion of individual neurologic disorders in the context of pregnancy. (medscape.com)
It is unclear if shift work influences the complications associated with certain infectious agents, such as pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and tubal factor infertility resulting from genital chlamydial infection. (cdc.gov)

Our results indicate a reduction in vascular placental cells, especially cells responsible for structural integrity, and increase in trophoblast proliferation in animals exposed to particulate matter. (nature.com)
In a recent study, we showed that human fibroblasts can be reprogrammed into induced trophoblast stem (iTS) cells by transcription factor-mediated nuclear reprogramming using the Yamanaka factors OCT4, KLF4, SOX2 and c-MYC (OKSM) and a selection of TS cell culture conditions. (edu.au)

The antiparkinsonian medications are effective for PD disease control in pregnancy, however, the difficulty is the limited knowledge on safety of medications, with particular regard to the mother's symptom during pregnancy and the potential risk to the fetus 5 . (biorxiv.org)
This study builds on a 2017 revelation that pregnancy causes shifts in a mother's brain morphology. (neurosciencenews.com)
Pregnancy induces changes in a mother's brain morphology, specifically a reduction in gray matter in regions linked to social relations, which lasts for at least two years post-birth. (neurosciencenews.com)

Vaccines work best when used strategically with animal health management practices. (cornell.edu)

Interestingly, animal studies and a human study have demonstrated that a gluten-free (GF) diet during pregnancy reduces the risk of T1D. (mdpi.com)

Based on epidemiological studies and laboratory animals, ED hypothetically affect reproduction, thyroid function and brain differentiation. (ivis.org)

Usually, spontaneous steroid-induced LH surges are not observed in induced ovulator species throughout their reproductive cycles, which indicates that GnRH release is absent or reduced due to lack of positive feedback action from steroid hormones. (wikipedia.org)
The estrous cycle comprises the recurring physiologic changes that are induced by reproductive hormones in most mammalian placental females. (absoluteastronomy.com)
Estrogens are considered the principal hormones responsible for inducing these brain changes. (neurosciencenews.com)
According to the scientists, all information points to the fluctuation of hormones, mainly related to estrogens, as triggers plasticity processes in the brain during a human pregnancy and postpartum period. (neurosciencenews.com)

Doctors generally use Pitocin (oxytocin injection) to induce labor, which targets the oxytocin receptor. (msu.edu)
Cervical ripening was induced at 127 days of pregnancy (term: 145 days) by dexamethasone injection in 5 animals, while 4 animals were used as control. (ugr.es)
Elastographic images of the cervix were obtained by two independent operators every 4 hours during 24 hours after injection to monitor the cervical maturation induced by the dexamethasone. (ugr.es)

Observational studies have documented that women take a variety of medications during pregnancy. (nih.gov)
For example, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is common during pregnancy and presents difficulties in choosing optimal medications. (medscape.com)
During this consultation, the patient can be advised about the possible risks associated with her condition during pregnancy and about the possible teratogenic effects of her medications. (medscape.com)
For example, if antiseizure medications are stopped prematurely, seizure activity may increase during the pregnancy and eventually expose the fetus to several medications at doses higher than those originally used to control the condition. (medscape.com)

3 In two Finnish studies, one showed a 35% increased risk of atrial fibrillation, 4 and the other showed the highest mortality rates from coronary heart disease in offspring whose mothers had a higher body mass index during pregnancy. (endocrinology.org)
The emotional and cognitive processes that form the evolving mother-child relationship, particularly during pregnancy and postpartum, remain one of the least understood areas and distinguishes human mothers from other animals. (neurosciencenews.com)
Researchers from the UAB and the Hospital del Mar Research Institute were the first to demonstrate in 2017 that a pregnancy implied changes in the brain morphology of first-time mothers, reducing the volume of gray matter in regions involved in social relations and that these changes were maintained for at least two years after giving birth. (neurosciencenews.com)
Male calves are frequently shipped off to be slaughtered for veal, while females endure the same fate as their mothers: repeated forced pregnancies until their bodies eventually break down, at which point they're slaughtered for cheap meat. (peta.org)

Although the problem is rarely reported problem, it is generally recommended to separate recently vaccinated animals from separated from pregnant cows and heifers for ~ 2 weeks because of the potential for virus shedding after use of a modified live vaccine. (cornell.edu)
Each person who goes vegan saves the lives of nearly 200 cows, pigs, chickens, and other animals every year. (peta.org)

Treatment with systemic of pulmonary reactions, such as bleomycin-induced fibrosis. (ehd.org)

Multiple studies by the National Toxicology Program have demonstrated the cancer-causing properties of individual haloacetic acids in laboratory animals. (ewg.org)
these include isocyanates (e.g. as used by car paint sprayers), flour and grain dust, wood dust, solder fumes and laboratory animals. (who.int)
In laboratory studies, neither molnupiravir nor N4-hydroxycytidine (NHC, the active moiety of molnupiravir) induced or inhibited major drug metabolising enzymes or major drug transporting systems. (who.int)
Recent studies have indicated that exposures to methyl iodide (MeI) produce a number of effects in laboratory animals, including fetal toxicity, neurotoxicity, and degeneration of the nasal epithelium. (cdc.gov)
Recent studies have indicated that exposures to methyl based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, and evaluat- iodide (MeI) produce a number of effects in laboratory ani- ing the relevance of the observations in animals to human mals, including fetal toxicity, neurotoxicity, and degenera- health. (cdc.gov)

Species in which the females are induced ovulators include cats, rabbits, ferrets, and camels. (wikipedia.org)
Animals this has been recorded in include rabbits, voles, ferrets and camels. (wikipedia.org)
Most experiments on GnRH and LH release have been focused on spontaneous ovulators, though there have been studies completed on some induced ovulators (e.g., rabbits, ferrets). (wikipedia.org)
Lower concentrations induced fetal growth retardation in rats but not in rabbits. (cdc.gov)
Additionally, corticosteroids administered to dogs, rabbits and rodents during pregnancy have resulted in cleft palate in the offspring. (medi-vet.com)

Obesity in pregnancy: is the next generation at increased risk? (endocrinology.org)
In addition to the promotion of healthy gestational weight gain, rising levels of obesity worldwide are increasing the pressure to emphasise the importance of entering pregnancy at a healthy weight. (endocrinology.org)
This is where the use of animals is critical in our understanding, as they not only allow us to model human obesity and the impact of certain diets, but also help address mechanistic insight and causality. (endocrinology.org)
These models act to induce environmental changes in the mother to mimic human obesity and/or a poor diet. (endocrinology.org)

It is well known that pregnancy can induce changes in the plasma concentrations of some drugs. (nih.gov)

Animals that have large, complex social groups benefit from spontaneous ovulation as only the best males get to breed with females. (wikipedia.org)
Estrous cycles start after puberty in sexually mature females and are interrupted by anestrous phases or pregnancies. (absoluteastronomy.com)

Gluten peptides enter the pancreas where they affect the morphology and might induce beta-cell stress by enhancing glucose- and palmitate-stimulated insulin secretion. (mdpi.com)

the serogroup C component does not induce a good antibody response before age 18-24 months (4,5). (cdc.gov)

However the monthly menstruation process is typically linked to humans and primates, all other animal species ovulate by various other mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)

However, one possible reason is that induced ovulation could provide a better reproductive potential for those species that typically have shorter life spans and less encounters resulting in lower mating opportunities throughout their lifetime. (wikipedia.org)
Rationale: Zearalenone (ZEN), a pollutant in our daily diet, seriously threatens the reproductive health of humans and animals. (scite.ai)

Kidney damage has been seen in humans and animals after inhaling or ingesting uranium compounds. (cdc.gov)
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), the most widely used pesticide worldwide, have been reported to impair organ function in humans and animals. (nih.gov)
Forever chemicals - as their name implies - do not break down naturally in the environment, gradually building up in humans and animals and posing a significant threat to human health and the environment," Raoul said. (illinoisattorneygeneral.gov)

If neural tube defects occurred in a woman's previous pregnancy, increased antepartum fetal surveillance is required for the current pregnancy. (medscape.com)
Although it has been shown that a 104 degree F hot tub can raise a woman's core body temperature to a level similar in magnitude to those demonstrated to cause birth defects in animals (i.e., 102 degrees F) [ 3 ], the effects of bathing habits on core body temperature in humans have not been well-studied. (cdc.gov)

Other substances that have similar effects include neuropeptide Y. Many species have been found to be induced ovulators and the reasons for this are not always clear. (wikipedia.org)

whereas congenital malformations have been observed in humans as well as animals. (drugs.com)

Placental dysfunction can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes including intra-uterine growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, or pre-term birth. (nature.com)
Maintaining a healthy diet and weight gain during pregnancy is vital in reducing the immediate adverse consequences to mother and child. (endocrinology.org)

It causes ovulation, and it promotes the formation of corpora lutea, which are necessary for the maintenance of pregnancy once the animals have become pregnant. (drugs.com)
Premature luteal regression in a pregnant mare and subsequent pregnancy maintenance with the use of oral altrenogest. (umass.edu)

Since the placenta co-exists with the fetus, it also encounters various intra-uterine exposures, and experiences certain detrimental effects, which in turn could negatively impact maintenance of a pregnancy or fetal health 2 . (nature.com)
On day 130 of pregnancy, nonsurvival surgery was performed on the ewes to enable the measure of uterine blood flow to monitor nutrient supply to the fetus and to collect tissue samples from four fetal tissues. (genengnews.com)

To evaluate the effect of ligature-induced periodontitis association with chronic use of alcohol and stress on the behavior of the animals. (bvsalud.org)
In the first day, the animals of ALG and ASLG were exposed to the ingestion of water and 20% alcohol solution (v/v). The animals of ASLG and SLG underwent stress testing through physical restraint for 4 daily hours, during 60 days until their euthanasia. (bvsalud.org)
Considering the methodology used, it was possible to observe that the alcohol associated with chronic stress and ligature-induced periodontitis demonstrated few alterations on the behavior of the animals. (bvsalud.org)
The animals were randomly distributed into five groups, as follows: control group (CG), alcohol associated with ligature group (ALG), alcohol associated with stress and ligature (ASLG), stress associated with ligature (SLG) ligature group (LG). (bvsalud.org)

More rigorous recent studies demonstrate no causal relationship between induced abortion and a subsequent increase in breast cancer risk. (mediamatters.org)

Placental transcriptomes, at day 19 of gestation, were determined using bulk RNA-seq from whole placentas of exposed (n = 4) and control (n = 4) animals and scRNAseq of three distinct placental layers, followed by flow cytometry analysis of the placental immune cell landscape. (nature.com)

Dosages of drugs predominantly metabolised by these isoenzymes or excreted by the kidneys unchanged may need to be increased during pregnancy in order to avoid loss of efficacy. (nih.gov)
Among this predominantly premenopausal population, neither induced nor spontaneous abortion was associated with the incidence of breast cancer. (mediamatters.org)

But this conference is a really great venue to speak to key people in the field treating pregnancy associated disorders and women's health. (msu.edu)
See also Seizure Disorders in Pregnancy , Women's Health and Epilepsy , Antiepileptic Drugs , and Neural Tube Defects . (medscape.com)

Induced ovulation is the process in which the pre-ovulatory LH surge and therefore ovulation is induced by some component of coitus e.g. receipt of genital stimulation. (wikipedia.org)

Histopathology: Dose sites from one animal of each breed of minipig focus of 0. (ehd.org)
These decisions include the selection of the appropriate internal dose measure(s) calculated using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, and evaluating the relevance of the observations in animals to human health. (cdc.gov)

At least in experimental animals, genetical y modified strains, because on the differential effects of a wide greater susceptibility to chemical in these species the interval between variety of carcinogens in humans at carcinogens in utero and during birth and sexual maturity is only a different stages of life, including var early postnatal life is usual y man few weeks. (who.int)

The renal excretion of unchanged drugs is increased during pregnancy. (nih.gov)

The full-time course of pharmacokinetic changes during pregnancy is often not studied. (nih.gov)
Pro-life advocates have argued for years that abortion increases the risk of breast cancer -- due to hormonal changes during pregnancy which leave breasts more vulnerable to cancer. (mediamatters.org)

They are frequently updated and should be referenced frequently, particularly when one is prescribing unfamiliar drugs in pregnancy. (medscape.com)
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) lists antiparkinsonian drugs in pregnancy category C 9 . (biorxiv.org)

Each year in the United States approximately 380,000 babies are born prematurely - before 37 weeks of pregnancy. (msu.edu)
It's been used safely together with other probiotics for 6 weeks, starting at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy. (medlineplus.gov)

In fact, guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommend only a 200-calorie increase, in the final 3 months of pregnancy. (endocrinology.org)
It was postulated that this link could be attributed to the poor health of the mother in pregnancy and reduced fetal growth. (endocrinology.org)
Improving lifelong health one pregnancy at a time. (ehd.org)
Thus, the assessment of the health risk of nitrate to humans should encompass the toxicity of both nitrite and N-nitroso compounds, and the animal species used for safety evaluation should be closely related to humans with respect to the toxicokinetics of nitrate and the conversion of nitrate to nitrite. (inchem.org)
The International Scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) defines postbiotics as the preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components, which induces a health benefit on the host [ 29 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Researchers from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), the Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute and the Hospital del Mar Research Institute have published the first paper that reviews the scientific literature on the neurobiological adaptation occurring during pregnancy and postpartum in humans and other animals. (neurosciencenews.com)

Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk. (medscape.com)

However, by contradiction, some spontaneously ovulating species can occasionally undergo mating-induced preovulatory LH surges. (wikipedia.org)
concluded that in this particular camel species ovulation was induced by the seminal plasma, and not by the spermatozoa. (wikipedia.org)
There are a considerable number of animal models in this field of research, ranging from large species that include sheep to the smaller and more common rodent models. (endocrinology.org)

Third, there are the psychological changes, i.e., the cognitive and emotional processes necessary to develop a mother-child relationship that adapts to the different pregnancy and postpartum phases. (neurosciencenews.com)

Other congenital anomalies including deformed forelegs, phocomelia, and anasarca have been reported in offspring of dogs which received corticosteroids during pregnancy. (lambertvetsupply.com)

The fetal growth trajectory in women who quit smoking in early pregnancy was similar to that of non-smokers, except for a shorter FL and greater AC around 36-40 weeks' gestation. (plos.org)
The importance of smoking cessation in early pregnancy and the extent to which fetal growth restriction can be prevented or minimised by lowering cigarette consumption in women who find quitting difficult is also uncertain. (plos.org)
However, it is unknown whether shower or bath length or frequency during early pregnancy may affect risk for birth defects. (cdc.gov)

Gilts that are less than five and one-half months of age or that weigh less than 85 kg (185 lb.) may not be mature enough to continue normal estrus cycles or maintain a normal pregnancy to full term after treatment. (drugs.com)
Iron balance in normal pregnancy and delivery, approximate figures. (hindawi.com)

In rats, researchers observed that hormonal fluctuation, particularly at the end of the pregnancy, affects the plasticity of neurons and microglia, with a greater proliferation of this latter cell type. (neurosciencenews.com)

In gilts and sows, the action of serum gonadotrophin is similar to the action of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), which is produced by the animals' anterior pituitary gland. (drugs.com)
First are estrogens (oestradiol), as the main hormone candidates in inducing changes in the brain. (neurosciencenews.com)

The evaluation of the behavior of the animals was executed through open field variables (amount of central and peripheral segments flown, times in which the animal was kept on two paws without support, self-cleaning movement - itchy nose) and maze cross parameters (amount of entrances in the arms and time of permanence in these sites). (bvsalud.org)

Administration of tolcapone in animal gestation has been implicated in fetal growth restriction and malformation, however, the studies are rather limited and the pathogenesis is unknown 10 . (biorxiv.org)

Adults should get a tetanus booster once every 10 years or during each pregnancy. (cdc.gov)

Neurophysiological and cognitive changes in pregnancy. (otago.ac.nz)

Some studies have also found that ashwagandha inhibits the growth of cancer cells in small animals, but further research is needed to determine whether the herb prevents the development of tumors in human beings. (thehealersjournal.com)
Animal agriculture is responsible for nearly a fifth of human-induced greenhouse-gas emissions. (peta.org)
PETA-whose motto reads, in part, that "animals are not ours to eat"-opposes speciesism, which is a human-supremacist worldview. (peta.org)
According to the TERIS, the teratogenic risk in human pregnancy is undetermined for 91.2% of the drug treatments approved in the United States between 1980 and 2000. (medscape.com)
Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done. (medscape.com)

All animals were weighed, and food consumption was measured throughout the studies. (cdc.gov)

Because any medication can present risks in pregnancy, and because not all risks are known, the safest pregnancy-related pharmacy is as little pharmacy as possible. (medscape.com)
these drugs do not seem to be associated with clinically significant risks in pregnancy. (medscape.com)
The Organization of Teratology Information Specialists is a network of risk-assessment counselors in the United States and Canada who specialize in researching and communicating the risks associated with drug exposures in pregnancy. (medscape.com)

Anatomy24

Organisms2

Diseases57

Chemicals and Drugs25

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment69

Psychiatry and Psychology8

Phenomena and Processes65

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science8

Named Groups9

Health Care38

Geographicals2

Maternal20

Lactation6

Abortions7

Deleterious effects1

Mice5

Last trimester of pregnancy1

Exposure8

Complications5

Trophoblast2

Mother's3

Vaccines1

Diet during pr1

Epidemiological1

Hormones4

Injection3

Medications4

Mothers4

Cows2

Systemic1

Laboratory5

Rabbits5

Obesity4

Concentrations1

Females2

Morphology1

Antibody1

Mechanisms1

Reproductive2

Humans and animals3

Woman's2

Substances1

Malformations1

Adverse2

Pregnant2

Fetus2

Stress4

Subsequent1

Placental1

Predominantly2

Women's health2

Genital1

Dose2

Postnatal1

Excretion1

Changes during pr2

Drugs in pregnancy2

Weeks of pregnancy2

Health6

Studies showed1

Species3

Phases1

Corticosteroids1

Early pregnancy3

Normal pregnancy2

Affects1

Hormone2

Behavior1

Fetal growth rest1

Adults1

Cognitive1

Human5

Consumption1

Risks3