ImmunotherapyApoptosisTumorsCardiomyocyteCytotoxicOxidativeResistanceToxicitySurvivalCardiacGeneClinicalAntibodiesAutophagyHumoralVaccineImmuneCellularProteinsRadiationOccurrenceAntibodyMechanismStressCancerDamageProductionActivityTreatmentCellsHumanCombinationPopulationCommonLevelsVariablePhysicalSkin
Immunotherapy2
- So far, the most successful passive immunotherapy directed to VEGF is Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the binding of VEGF to its receptors [5], which has been approved, in combination with chemotherapy, for the treatment of different tumors [6-12]. (researchsquare.com)
- The purpose is to deliver chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and/or radiation to eliminate malignancy, prevent rejection of new stem cells, and create space for the new cells. (medscape.com)
Apoptosis2
- Mammalian oocytes are arrested in the dictyate stage of meiotic prophase I for long periods of time, during which the high concentration of the p53 family member TAp63α sensitizes them to DNA damage-induced apoptosis. (elifesciences.org)
- TNF , TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand ( TRAIL ), and Fas ligand ( FasL ). (massgenomics.org)
Tumors3
- In this study, we compared immune responses to the BNT162b2 mRNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 vaccine in patients with solid tumors ( n = 53) who were on active cytotoxic anti-cancer therapy to a control cohort of participants without cancer ( n = 50). (nature.com)
- These elicited antibodies impaired the high affinity interaction between VEGF and monoclonal antibody Bevacizumab, an antiangiogenic drug approved in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of different tumors. (researchsquare.com)
- We demonstrate that AKT and PI3K inhibitors may be effective in treatment of therapeutically resistant tumors with elevated AKT and carrying gain of function mutations in p53. (oncotarget.com)
Cardiomyocyte2
- Thapsigargin marketed ER stress protein mimicked ER stress-induced cardiomyocyte contractile anomalies including despondent top shortening and maximal speed of shortening/relengthening aswell as extended relengthening duration, the result which was abrogated with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine as well as the ALDH2 activator Alda-1. (health-e-nc.org)
- Dox-induced over-production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite has been proposed to be the main cause of Dox-induced acute cardiomyocyte toxicity and cell death by damaging various molecular constituents and organelles [ 9 - 12 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Cytotoxic2
- These clinical trials, however, largely excluded immunocompromised individuals, including patients on immunosuppressive therapies to control chronic inflammatory conditions, patients with primary immunodeficiencies, recipients of organ transplants and patients with cancer on cytotoxic chemotherapy. (nature.com)
- Doxorubicin (Dox) is a cytotoxic drug widely incorporated in various chemotherapy protocols. (oncotarget.com)
Oxidative5
- to counterbalance the production of ROS and protect the cells from oxidative damage, cells also possess a robust antioxidant system. (nhsjs.com)
- This oxidative stress can lead to DNA damage, resulting in transversion mutations that involve the switching of a purine base with a pyrimidine base or vice versa. (nhsjs.com)
- Diets including processed foods directly increase ROS generation while reducing the capability of the body's antioxidant system, thus inducing oxidative stress. (nhsjs.com)
- Tissue-specific responses to oxidative stressors reflect the organ-related variable vulnerability to chronic diseases, including cancer and age-related disorders. (mdpi.com)
- Hence, exces sive calorie intake, particularly of large glycaemic index car bohydrate, might induce the anorexic circuit to fail or down regulate to guard itself, leaving the orexigenic one intact, as it has better oxidative pressure resistance. (wnt-signaling.com)
Resistance4
- Mutations and gene amplifications that confer drug resistance emerge frequently during chemotherapy, but their mechanism and timing are poorly understood. (babraham.ac.uk)
- Despite this, clinical responses are typically transient as tumour cells develop resistance. (babraham.ac.uk)
- These resistance mechanisms frequently involve reinstatement of ERK1/2 signalling and BRAFi are now deployed in combination with one of three approved MEK1/2 inhibitors (MEKi) to provide more durable, but still transient, clinical responses. (babraham.ac.uk)
- It is therefore of curiosity that a substantial excess fat diet plan can induce a pro inflammatory response inside the hypothalamus and insulin resistance, when chronically elevated levels of leptin may also induce leptin resistance which might be part of an weight problems driven vicious cycle, These observations may very well be partly explained by FOXO activity. (wnt-signaling.com)
Toxicity1
- The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) antioxidant response promotes melanocyte viability and reduces toxicity of the vitiligo-inducing phenol monobenzone. (msdmanuals.com)
Survival2
- The limitations of this research compared to the research by Zeng are that the Shao research was smaller in dimension and measured response fee as a substitute of survival. (ehd.org)
- Clinical scientists continue to observe superior survival of patients treated with combined chemotherapy and radiation approaches, yet the mechanisms behind this synergistic therapeutic approach are not fully understood. (mdanderson.org)
Cardiac2
- These data recommend a beneficial function of ALDH2 against ER stress-induced cardiac anomalies perhaps through autophagy decrease. (health-e-nc.org)
- Dox is a mitochondrial toxin, and mitochondrial damage is central to Dox-induced cardiac dysfunction and cell death [ 8 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Gene2
- Numerous cellular proteins detect DNA damage and induce senescence , a permanent change of state characterized by morphological and gene expression changes. (massgenomics.org)
- Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) is a rare, autosomal recessive congenital immunodeficiency caused by mutations in CHS1 , a gene encoding a putative lysosomal trafficking protein. (biomedcentral.com)
Clinical2
- This report shows the characterization of the humoral response elicited after vaccination with 400 µg of antigen combined with 200 µg of VSSP in cancer patients representative of the Cuban real clinical practice setting. (researchsquare.com)
- CIGB-247 was immunogenic in a broader patient population, and induced Bevacizumab-like polyclonal antibodies, indicating that the VEGF-specific antibody response could have a potentially relevant clinical activity. (researchsquare.com)
Antibodies5
- The area in which the mutation occurs is an important epitope to which vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies bind, however the mutant virus is not neutralized by antibody to this specificity. (ehd.org)
- Similar patterns were observed for spike protein-specific serum antibodies and T cells, but the magnitude of each of these responses was diminished relative to the control cohort. (nature.com)
- For example, patients with autoimmune conditions or chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with B cell-depleting antibodies have predictably diminished humoral responses to vaccination, whereas responses by patients on anti-TNF therapies are less affected 6 , 7 . (nature.com)
- Polyclonal antibody response was specific to VEGF, and showed no cross reactivity with other VEGF family members like VEGF-C and VEGF-D. Specific IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies detected in the serum of vaccinated patients were able to block the binding of VEGF to its receptors VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. (researchsquare.com)
- Elicited polyclonal antibody response in addition to its cross-reactivity with human VEGF, have also demonstrated in rats and monkeys its capacity to impair the binding of Bevacizumab to VEGF [15, 16], indicating the presence of antibodies that block binding sites on VEGF which have shown to be clinically relevant. (researchsquare.com)
Autophagy2
- Oddly enough, Alda-1-induced beneficial impact against ER tension was obliterated by autophagy inducer rapamycin, Akt inhibitor AktI and mTOR inhibitor RAD001. (health-e-nc.org)
- Here we will review Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and cell death in the broad context of the autophagy and mitophagy processes. (oncotarget.com)
Humoral1
- These results suggest that a third dose of BNT162b2 is safe, improves humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and could be immunologically beneficial for patients with cancer on active chemotherapy. (nature.com)
Vaccine2
- This antigen sequence represents the complete Bevacizumab binding site and using RFASE as adjuvant, the vaccine (hVEGF 26-104 /RFASE) induces an immune response with VEGF neutralizing activity and anti-tumor effect [15]. (researchsquare.com)
- Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and/or hepatitis B vaccine series should be considered for occupational exposures after evaluation of the hepatitis B surface antigen status of the source and the vaccination and vaccine-response status of the exposed person. (cdc.gov)
Immune1
- primary outcomes were immune responses, with a secondary outcome of safety. (nature.com)
Cellular2
- These organelles are highly dynamic, constantly changing their morphology, cellular location, and distribution in response to cellular stress. (biomedcentral.com)
- The ceramide-induced down-regulation of PKC results in abnormal cellular phenotypes, suggesting these metabolic cascades are responsible for the beige phenotype [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins1
- Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is a state induced by increased synthesis of intracellular proteins, accumulation of mal-folded proteins, changes in cytosolic calcium levels, or imbalances in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) redox homeostasis [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Radiation1
- FontanaCMasson staining is certainly a common histological technique utilized to stain melanin dark and enable melanin recognition in the skin.51 As illustrated in Body 6, the melanin volume was highest (indicated by arrow) in UV control group, providing proof UV radiation-induced melanogenesis. (conferencedequebec.org)
Occurrence1
- However, although normal CTL cytotoxicity or bi-allelic missense mutations do not exclude the occurrence of HLH in childhood, a more conservative approach is justified. (biomedcentral.com)
Antibody3
- At 1 week after a third immunization, 16 participants demonstrated a median threefold increase in neutralizing antibody responses, but no improvement was observed in T cell responses. (nature.com)
- Notably, organ transplant recipients mount very poor antibody responses to the first mRNA immunization relative to healthy individuals 10 , which increase somewhat after the second immunization 8 . (nature.com)
- Similarly, in patients with cancer with solid or hematological malignancies, antibody responses are markedly diminished after the first immunization but improve somewhat after the second 9 . (nature.com)
Mechanism1
- Nucleophosmin (NPM) is known to regulate ARF subcellular localization and MDM2 activity in response to oncogenic stress, though the precise mechanism has remained elusive. (oncotarget.com)
Stress2
- However, if the stress on the ER is chronic or severe and quality control of protein folding cannot be met, ER activates its stress receptor, the unfolded protein response, which triggers programmed cell death [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Multiple E2F-induced microRNAs prevent replicative stress in response to mitogenic signaling. (virosin.org)
Cancer6
- In most patients with cancer, we detected spike receptor-binding domain and other S1-specific memory B cell subsets as potential predictors of anamnestic responses to additional immunizations. (nature.com)
- The irradiation and chemotherapy drugs that are used to destroy cancer cells also damage healthy cells. (elifesciences.org)
- The relationship between risk scores and tumor mutation burden (TMB), cancer stem cell index, and drug sensitivity was explored. (biomedcentral.com)
- In this review, we summarize some recent findings on HPV-associated carcinogenesis, such as miRNAs in HPV-associated cancers, implication of stem cells in the biology and therapy of HPV-positive cancers, HPV vaccines, targeted therapy of cervical cancer, and drug treatment for HPV-induced intraepithelial neoplasias. (virosin.org)
- 2011. Human papillomavirus type 16 E6 induces cervical cancer cell migration through the p53/microRNA-23b/urokinase-type plasminogen activator pathway. (virosin.org)
- Mutations, amplification and deletions of the upstream regulators of AKT are among the most frequent somatic events in cancer [ 2 , 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Damage3
- TAp63α is kept in an inactive and exclusively dimeric state but undergoes rapid phosphorylation-induced tetramerization and concomitant activation upon detection of DNA damage. (elifesciences.org)
- Using a combination of biophysical methods as well as cell and ovary culture experiments we explain how TAp63α is kept inactive in the absence of DNA damage but causes rapid oocyte elimination in response to a few DNA double strand breaks thereby acting as the key quality control factor in maternal reproduction. (elifesciences.org)
- having lowered damage of deoxy ribonucleic acid (DNA) and in human volunteers induces greater activity of repairing ( Southon, 2000 ). (scialert.net)
Production3
- A detailed description of the pathways by which Dox induces production of ROS and RNS can be found in references [ 13 , 14 ]. (oncotarget.com)
- Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase (NOX) enzymes play an important role in Dox-induced production of ROS [ 15 ]. (oncotarget.com)
- Enhanced ceramide production induces calpain-mediated proteolysis of PKC. (biomedcentral.com)
Activity2
- VEGF biological activity is mediated by its binding to VEGFR receptor 2 (VEGFR2) or VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) [2], and both interactions have been implicated in tumor-induced angiogenesis and immunosuppression [3, 4]. (researchsquare.com)
- Melanoma in particular exhibits a high incidence of activating BRAF and NRAS mutations and such cells are addicted to the activity of these mutant oncoproteins. (babraham.ac.uk)
Treatment1
- The use of rifabutin-containing antituberculosis regimens should always include an assessment of the patient's response to treatment to decide the appropriate duration of therapy (i.e., 6 months or 9 months). (cdc.gov)
Cells2
- It defends against a constant barrage of external threats - bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens - and, as I've recently learned, protects against an intrinsic threat: cancerous cells. (massgenomics.org)
- This is just one of many ways excessive ROS damages the cells and leads to carcinogenic mutations. (nhsjs.com)
Human1
- The human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins cooperate to induce mitotic defects and genomic instability by uncoupling centrosome duplication from the cell division cycle. (virosin.org)
Combination1
- L-dopa is now rarely used by itself, but rather in combination with carbidopa (Sinemet) or benserazide (Madopar) that protects it from breaking down before it reaches the brain tissue. (digitalnaturopath.com)
Population1
- More data are required to determine whether additional immunizations might further protect this vulnerable population. (nature.com)
Common1
- So the excess ends up in odd places where it may in fact be toxic -- hence the orange carotenoid-induced tint that is a common telltale sign of many caloric restriction devotees. (starshipnivan.com)
Levels1
- Plasma uric acid levels, uric acid excretion, and response to probenecid in toxemia of being pregnant. (ehd.org)
Variable1
- with incomplete penetrance and variable expression) or acquired. (msdmanuals.com)
Physical1
- Occasionally, vitiligo occurs after a direct physical injury to the skin (eg, as a response to sunburn). (msdmanuals.com)
Skin3
- Each group was irradiated with UVB rays at an strength of 450 mJ/cm2 utilizing a crosslinker (BEX-800, Ultra-Lum, Claremont, CA, USA) to induce melanogenesis in the mouse dorsal pores and skin. (conferencedequebec.org)
- In response to UV 173529-46-9 supplier rays, the skin creates melanin from melanocytes to neutralize the consequences of rays. (conferencedequebec.org)
- Nevertheless, in the MHY-SLNs group, minimal melanin was within the skin, which confirmed that 173529-46-9 supplier MHY-SLNs inhibit UVB-induced melanogenesis within an effective way. (conferencedequebec.org)