Induce an antigen specific antitumor immune antitumor effectiveness of adoptive immunotherapy in mice immunotherapy adoptive. Medical search. Frequent questions

Finally, TBI was no longer needed to regress tumors in mice who were depleted of host CD4 + T cells, given a tripartite ACT regimen and then treated with low dose LPS. (biomedcentral.com)
Collectively, their work revealed the importance of gasdermins in cancer immunity and paved the way for therapies now in the pipeline that target gasdermins to make tumors visible to the immune system and improve immunotherapy's effectiveness. (cancerresearch.org)
Synthetic cytokine circuits that drive T cells into immune-excluded tumors. (ucsf.edu)
In this report, the biologic functions of MDSC are defined and evidence linking MDSC with the response to cancer immunotherapies in solid tumors are reviewed. (iospress.com)
Her research interest focuses on the molecular oncology and immunotherapies of solid tumors and she published more than 40 peer reviewed papers. (stanford.edu)
However, in many cases, chemotherapy or radiotherapy alone cannot achieve a satisfactory therapeutic outcome, namely the complete remission of tumors, and induces severe side effects at therapeutically effective doses. (biomedcentral.com)
Antibodies against tumor-associated epitopes, that are limited by antigens presented for the cell surface area of tumors, have already been exploited and determined against multiple types of malignancies using passive immunization.4 Notable for example rituximab (anti-CD20 for B-cell lymphomas5) and trastuzumab (anti-HER-2/neu for several breast malignancies6). (techieindex.net)
Dr. Martin Algarra areas main of interest have been the therapeutic development of immunotherapy and targeted therapies in Oncology, mainly in melanoma, sarcoma, and rare tumors. (unav.edu)
He has successfully translated his findings from the laboratory to the clinics and has conducted and led several large national immunotherapy clinical trials for brain tumors. (stanfordhealthcare.org)
Dr. Lim is a world leader in immunotherapy for brain tumors. (stanfordhealthcare.org)
In addition to being invited world-wide to give lectures and seminars, he has given platform presentations on the topics of immunotherapy for brain tumors, neurosurgical techniques and management of brain tumors at the American Society of Clinical Oncologists, American Academy of Neurological Surgeons, Radiological Society of North America, Annual Symposium on Brain and Spine Metastases, Congress of Neurological Surgeons, and other meetings. (stanfordhealthcare.org)
However, due to intricacies of solid tumors and their locations in the human body, treatment of solid tumors with CAR-T cells is facing multiple obstacles, such as the hostile tumor microenvironment, on-tumor/off-tumor toxicities, and undesired antigen specificity [ 2 ]. (ijbs.com)
The abscopal effect, referring to the unexpected shrinkage observed in non-irradiated tumors after radiation therapy, is thought to be mediated by systemic immune activation. (mdpi.com)
Here, RT was combined with curcumin to investigate how curcumin affects RT-induced abscopal effects in mice with bilateral CT26 colorectal tumors. (mdpi.com)

Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)-engineered T cells have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in patients with B-cell malignancies. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
NK cells contribute to cancer immune surveillance not only by their direct natural cytotoxicity which is triggered rapidly upon stimulation through germline-encoded cell surface receptors, but also by modulating T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses through maintaining the quality of dendritic cells and enhancing the presentation of tumor antigens. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, similar to T cells, specific recognition and elimination of cancer cells by NK cells can be markedly enhanced through expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which provides an opportunity to generate NK-cell therapeutics of defined specificity for cancer immunotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
Local administration or OV mediated-expression of ligands for Toll-like receptors can rescue the function of tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells inhibited by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and thus enhances the antitumor effect. (biomedcentral.com)
Outcomes for patients with melanoma have improved over the past decade with the clinical development and approval of immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoint receptors such as programmed death-1 (PD-1), programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4). (biomedcentral.com)
Alternative inhibitory receptors have been identified that may be targeted for anti-tumor immune therapy, such as lymphocyte-activation gene-3 (LAG-3), as have several potential target oncogenes for molecularly targeted therapy, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. (biomedcentral.com)
Alternative inhibitory receptors have been identified that may also be targeted for anti-tumor immune therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
We take a comprehensive approach to cellular engineering by developing new synthetic receptors, signal transduction cascades, and cellular response programs to enhance the safety and effectiveness of adoptive cell therapies. (ucsf.edu)
Hyperstabilization of T cell microvilli contacts by chimeric antigen receptors. (ucsf.edu)
Adoptive T-cell therapy with T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is an active area of cancer research. (ashpublications.org)
solid course="kwd-title" Keywords: bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE), chimeric antigen receptors (Vehicles), gene-modified adoptive T-cell transfer, Atractylodin T-cell tumor therapy, tumor-specific epitope Intro Tumor cells communicate different epitopes and proteins on the surface area that differentiate them from healthful cells, either by degrees of manifestation or by uncovering novel epitopes not really seen in regular self. (techieindex.net)
Human derived T lymphocytes engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors, which are expanded in vitro culture and then infused into patients exerting robust cytotoxicity after tumor antigen recognition and subsequent activation. (biomedcentral.com)

In 2006 administration of normal circulating lymphocytes transduced with a retrovirus encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) that recognized the MART-1 melanoma-melanocyte antigen, mediated tumor regression. (wikipedia.org)
In 2010 administration of lymphocytes genetically engineered to express a chimeric antibody receptor (CAR) against B cell antigen CD19 was shown to mediate regression of an advanced B cell lymphoma. (wikipedia.org)
In 2016, CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells were used to treat patients with relapsed and refractory CD19+ B cell malignancies, including B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) harboring rearrangement of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene with CD19 CAR-T cells. (wikipedia.org)
Using HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice, we have demonstrated the feasibility of T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer into T cells to circumvent self-tolerance to the widely expressed human p53 and MDM2 TAAs. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
Taking advantage of the diverse γδ TCR repertoire or other ligand-receptor interactions, γδ T cells can recognize a broad spectrum of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, thereby activating downstream pleiotropic effects. (explorationpub.com)
Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists can invigorate antitumor T cell responses when administered directly to patients, but these responses often coincide with toxicities. (bmj.com)
We profiled the epigenome, transcriptome, and enhancer connectome of exhaustion-prone GD2-targeting HA-28z chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and control CD19-targeting CAR T cells, which present less exhaustion-inducing tonic signaling, at multiple points during their ex vivo expansion. (bvsalud.org)
T cell exhaustion limits immune responses against cancer and is a major cause of resistance to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapeutics. (bvsalud.org)
Using murine xenograft models and an in vitro model wherein tonic CAR signaling induces hallmark features of exhaustion, we tested the effect of transient cessation of receptor signaling, or rest, on the development and maintenance of exhaustion. (bvsalud.org)
In syngeneic tumor mouse models, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell-mediated selective elimination of FRß+ TAMs in the TME results in an enrichment of pro-inflammatory monocytes, an influx of endogenous tumor-specific CD8+ T cells, delayed tumor progression, and prolonged survival. (bvsalud.org)
Insufficient reactivity against cells with low antigen density has emerged as an important cause of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell resistance. (bvsalud.org)
Precise prediction of neoantigens should accelerate the development of personalized immunotherapy including cancer vaccines and T-cell receptor-engineered T-cell therapy for a broader range of cancer patients. (cancerbiomed.org)
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells can restore the activity of exhausted T cell through reprogramming and is widely used in the treatment of relapsed/refractory (r/r) hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
The most active T cell endogenous inhibitory pathway is the immunoglobulin superfamily such as CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4): B7-1/B7-2 receptor/ligand grouping, which plays a central role in coordinating immune responses [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Adoptive T-cell therapy with anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing T cells is a new approach for treating advanced B-cell malignancies. (ashpublications.org)
Cancer immunotherapy by chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cells has shown exhilarative clinical efficacy for hematological malignancies. (ijbs.com)
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell (CAR-T) therapy is to obtain T cells from the patient, carry out genetic modification, and then transfer the modified T cells into the patient, activating an anti-tumor immune response. (justia.com)

Here, we discuss effects of the GB tumor microenvironment on NK-cell functionality, summarize early treatment attempts with ex vivo activated NK cells, and describe relevant CAR target antigens validated with CAR-T cells. (frontiersin.org)
γδ T cells recruited into the tumor microenvironment can act as effector cells to mediate cancer immune surveillance. (explorationpub.com)
Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs participate in crosstalk between tumor and stroma, and reprogramming of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). (biomedcentral.com)
Among the components of TME, distinct populations of innate and adaptive immune cells consist of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). (biomedcentral.com)
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) represents a major barrier for effective immunotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
An immune cell in the tumor microenvironment that may be important for inhibiting the immune response against bladder cancer is the myeloid derived suppressor cell (MDSC). (iospress.com)
The research progress in the field of the tumor microenvironment and tumor immunology has revealed the mechanism of immune escape and the complex regulatory network of the immune response, including: 1. (justia.com)
3. It is noteworthy that the tumor microenvironment can also regulate the activity of immune cells by metabolic competition. (justia.com)
For example, tumor cells prefer anaerobic glycolysis, which significantly increases the concentration of lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment and induces tumor-associated macrophages differentiated into M2 types, thereby inhibiting T cell activity. (justia.com)

To determine the mechanisms of how innate immune activation via lymphodepletion potentiated antitumor T cell immunity, we utilized the pmel-1 melanoma mouse model. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, whereas weak pre-existing immunity did not alter the protective thresholds of the vaccine-specific T cell response following subsequent immunization with CMV-based vaccine vectors, strong pre-existing immunity inhibited the development of vaccine-induced T cells and their control on tumor progression. (bmj.com)
Multimodal immunogenic cell death (ICD) together with autophagy often induced by OVs not only presents potent danger signals to dendritic cells but also efficiently cross-present tumor-associated antigens from cancer cells to dendritic cells to T cells to induce adaptive antitumor immunity. (biomedcentral.com)
OVs armed with GM-CSF (such as T-VEC and Pexa-Vec) or other immunostimulatory genes, induce potent anti-tumor immunity in both animal models and human patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Combination with cyclophosphamide further induces ICD, depletes Treg, and thus potentiates antitumor immunity. (biomedcentral.com)
The antitumor immunity helps eliminate the uninfected cancer cells in primary and metastatic nodules, and enforce micrometastases in dormant state. (biomedcentral.com)
Isolated B cells also imparted T cells with the CpG-associated phenotype and improved tumor immunity without the aid of additional antigen-presenting cells or other immune cells in the culture. (bmj.com)
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are highly heterogeneous and plastic cell components of the TME which can either promote tumor progression (M2-like) or boost antitumor immunity (M1-like). (bvsalud.org)
Progress in deciphering the molecular and cellular basis of immunity against fungi is guiding preclinical studies into vaccine and immune reconstitution strategies for vulnerable patient groups. (jci.org)

Our findings have clinical implications for the design of next generation immune-based therapies for patients with cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Conclusions Our results demonstrate a novel way to use TLR agonists to improve immunotherapy and reveal a vital role for B cells in the generation of potent CD8 + T cell-based therapies. (bmj.com)
Unfortunately, many patients still progress and acquire resistance to immunotherapy and molecularly targeted therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
The plethora of molecularly targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors under investigation represent the new horizon of treatment of HCC not only in advanced stages but also potentially at every stage of diagnosis and management. (bvsalud.org)
Among PSCs, the donors available for induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are greatest, providing a potentially universal cell source for all types of cell therapies including cancer immunotherapies using natural killer (NK cells). (molcells.org)
Immunotherapy is one of the novel treatment modalities that include the checkpoint blockade therapy, personalized cancer vaccines, and adoptive T-cell therapies. (cancerbiomed.org)
Pathogenic fungi cause a wide range of syndromes in immune-competent and immune-compromised individuals, with life-threatening disease primarily seen in humans with HIV/AIDS and in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapies for cancer, autoimmunity, and end-organ failure. (jci.org)
However, the effectiveness of some therapies is constrained by treatment-associated side effects, drug resistance, and off-target effects. (biomedcentral.com)

Here, we evaluated the safety issues raised by the risk of TAA-TCR gene transfer-associated on/off-target toxicities and the therapeutic potential in relevant transgenic mouse models of adoptive transfer. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
The effectiveness or lack of a major therapeutic effect of sphingolipid modulation by some drugs as a cancer therapy and other aspects related to their mechanism of action are discussed in this review. (frontiersin.org)
There are still significant barriers to therapeutic success because of tumor-specific antigens (TA) and toxicities associated with treatment [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Combination with other immunotherapy regimens improve overall therapeutic efficacy. (biomedcentral.com)
These results highlight the pro-tumor role of FRß+ TAMs in the TME and the therapeutic implications of TAM-depleting agents as preparative adjuncts to conventional immunotherapies that directly target tumor antigens. (bvsalud.org)
In the Roybal Lab we harness the tools of synthetic and chemical biology to enhance the therapeutic potential of engineered immune cells. (ucsf.edu)
Human clinical trials that investigate possible MDSC modulators are highlighted, and therapeutic strategies to leverage MDSC biology in bladder cancer immunotherapy are outlined. (iospress.com)

In addition, intracranial progression is common during systemic treatments due to the inability to penetrate central nervous system (CNS) barriers, whereas the intracranial effects of cancer immunotherapies remain unclear. (bvsalud.org)
Our results indicate that cancer immunotherapies can prevent intracranial progression, maintaining long-term effects intracranially as well as systemically. (bvsalud.org)
Cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, would be one of the potential approaches to apply the results of genomic sequencing most effectively. (cancerbiomed.org)
Cancer immunotherapies, which target neoantigens, could lead to a precise treatment for cancer patients, despite the challenge in accurately predicting neoantigens that can induce cytotoxic T cells in individual patients. (cancerbiomed.org)

In checkpoint therapy, antibodies bind to molecules involved in T-cell regulation to remove inhibitory pathways that block T-cell responses, known as immune checkpoint therapy. (wikipedia.org)
We here determined using CMV as a vaccine platform whether critical thresholds of vaccine-specific T cell responses can be established that relate to tumor protection, and which factors control such thresholds. (bmj.com)
However, low dose inoculations via the IP or SC route or IN vaccination elicited vaccine-induced CD8 + T cell responses that did not reach protective thresholds for tumor protection. (bmj.com)
Besides, the TME employs several mechanisms to suppress immune responses. (biomedcentral.com)
However, cancer cells exploit these checkpoints to evade immune surveillance and suppress antitumor immune responses. (biomedcentral.com)
Activated γδ T cells exhibit strong cytotoxic activity and cytokine secretion functions and are effective antitumor lymphocytes with simple and direct recognition modes and rapid responses. (explorationpub.com)
Immunotherapy is a promising approach for many oncological malignancies, including glioblastoma, however, there are currently no available tools or biomarkers to accurately assess whole-body immune responses in patients with glioblastoma treated with immunotherapy. (aacrjournals.org)
The discovery that specific primary immune deficiencies manifest with fungal infections and the development of animal models of mucosal and invasive mycoses have facilitated insight into fungus-specific recognition, signaling, effector pathways, and adaptive immune responses. (jci.org)
Because these states result from immune dysregulation, established Th2 cell responses represent a significant challenge for conventional immunotherapies. (jci.org)
Development of allergen-specific Th2 responses and allergen-induced airway inflammation was blocked by expression of allergen in DCs. (jci.org)
Adoptive transfer studies showed that Th2 responses were inactivated by a combination of deletion and induction of T cell unresponsiveness. (jci.org)
Transfer of BM encoding allergen expression targeted to DCs terminated, in an allergen-specific manner, Th2 responses in sensitized recipients. (jci.org)
The effectiveness of DC-targeted allergen expression to terminate established Th2 responses in sensitized animals indicates that exploiting cell-intrinsic T cell tolerance pathways could lead to development of highly effective immunotherapies. (jci.org)
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are immune cells that dampen immune responses. (iospress.com)
Pre-clinical evidence suggests that MDSC suppress anti-tumor immune responses. (iospress.com)
Immune checkpoint blockade can lead to durable complete responses for some patients, but overall objective response rates are only 15-31% [ 2-4 ]. (iospress.com)

We successfully applied this strategy to the human TAAs p53, gp100 and MDM2-specific TCRs as promising antigens-driven immunotherapy for both melanoma and hematologic malignancies. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
Focusing on advanced melanoma, we will investigate the antitumor activity of UniCAR NK cells in clinically relevant models. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
Recombinant targeting modules will be based on antibodies and soluble single-chain fragments of TCR specific for melanoma antigens. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
How lymphodepletion augments ACT in these various clinical trials has been elucidated in clinically relevant mouse models of melanoma. (biomedcentral.com)
A non-myeloablative lymphodepleting preparative regimen with 5Gy TBI prior to an ACT regimen can induce destruction of B16F10 melanoma in mice by removing cytokine sinks, depleting suppressive T reg cells, transiently ablating myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and activating the innate immune system [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Reports of spontaneous regression and tumour infiltration with T-lymphocytes makes melanoma candidate for immunotherapies. (mdpi.com)
The inhibition of two immune checkpoints, LAG-3 using relatlimab and PD-1, improved progression-free survival (PFS) to a greater extent than inhibition of PD-1 alone in patients with previously untreated metastatic or unresectable melanoma. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we examined the possibility of HemoHIM both to enhance anticancer effect with cisplatin and to reduce the side effects of cisplatin in melanoma-bearing mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Anticancer effects of HemoHIM with cisplatin were evaluated in melanoma-bearing mice. (biomedcentral.com)
In melanoma-bearing mice treated with cisplatin, HemoHIM administration also increased the activity of NK cells and Tc cells and the IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion from splenocytes, which seemed to contribute to the enhanced efficacy of cisplatin by HemoHIM. (biomedcentral.com)
The strategy of using immune checkpoint blockade has achieved impressive results in the clinical treatment of cancer such as melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. (justia.com)

Cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated remarkable efficacy by checkpoint modulation in a large variety of neoplasms. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
This underscores the need for an improved understanding of underlying factors limiting the efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
According to current challenges, there is a need to explore innovative immunotherapies, maximize the tumor-killing efficacy of γδ T cells, and attenuate or eliminate tumor immunosuppression. (explorationpub.com)
T cells expanded ex vivo from a CpG-treated culture demonstrated potent antitumor efficacy and prolonged persistence in vivo. (bmj.com)
This antitumor efficacy was accomplished without in vivo administration of TLR agonists or other adjuvants of high-dose interleukin (IL)-2 or vaccination, which are classically required for effective ACT therapy. (bmj.com)
Dysfunction in T cells limits the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
The antilymphoma efficacy of anti-CD19-CAR-transduced T cells was critically dependent on irradiation of mice before anti-CD19-CAR-transduced T-cell infusion. (ashpublications.org)

and the innate immune cells contain natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs) (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
N418 binds to CD11c on splenic dendritic cells in the T-dependent areas of mouse spleen and precipitates a 150, 90 kDa heterodimer. (thermofisher.com)

Here, the utility of OX40, a costimulatory molecule mainly expressed on activated effector T cells known to play an important role in eliminating cancer cells, was evaluated as a PET imaging biomarker to quantify and track response to immunotherapy. (aacrjournals.org)
TIME possesses distinct populations of myeloid cells and lymphocytes to influence the immune escape of cancer, the response to immunotherapy, and the survival of patients. (biomedcentral.com)
TIME influences the immune escape of cancer, the response to immunotherapy, and the survival rate of patients. (biomedcentral.com)

1982, studies demonstrated that intravenous immune lymphocytes could treat bulky subcutaneous FBL3 lymphomas. (wikipedia.org)
Immunotherapy based on the adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded and activated autologous tumor-reactive lymphocytes can mediate tumor regression in cancer patients. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
Methods In this study we investigated how tumor-specific murine CD8 + T cells and human tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are impacted when expanded ex vivo with the TLR9 agonist CpG. (bmj.com)
TIME primarily consists of myeloid cells, lymphocytes and some other innate immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)

In vivo, this electrical charge guided the particles towards the patient's dendritic immune cells that specify immune system targets. (wikipedia.org)
Sphingolipid-targeting drugs have been tested alone or in combination with chemotherapy, exhibiting antitumor activity alone and in synergism with chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
Nevertheless, ex vivo activation with cytokines can restore cytolytic activity of NK cells against GB, indicating that NK cells have potential for adoptive immunotherapy of GB if potent cytotoxicity can be maintained in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
We show that stretch applied to cultured human cells, and to mouse lungs in vivo, induces robust expression of metallothionein, a potent antioxidant and cytoprotective molecule critical for cellular zinc homeostasis. (jci.org)
Various factors in the process contribute to impact the in vivo persistence and durable antitumor effects of CAR T cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Their work has deepened our understanding of the immune system's response to cancer and other diseases and advanced the development of effective immunotherapies. (cancerresearch.org)

Among stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have a number of features that make them ideal as the starting source. (molcells.org)
Reprogramming is a promising treatment, which redifferentiates T-induced pluripotent stem cells (T-IPSCs) into naïve and cytotoxic T cells or dedifferentiates within their own lineage [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)

CpG fostered the expansion of potent CD8 + T cells with the signature phenotype and antitumor ability via empowering a direct B-T cell interaction. (bmj.com)
It really is known that T cells can handle inducing anti-tumor reactions that are very potent. (techieindex.net)

Immunotherapy engages the immune system in the battle against cancer by taking advantage of the capacity of the T lymphocyte for antigen-directed cytotoxicity [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

However, high-avidity T cells specific for tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are usually absent in patients because of self-tolerance. (unimedizin-mainz.de)

The magnitude, kinetics and phenotype of the circulating tumor-specific CD8 + T cell response were determined. (bmj.com)
Induction of rest through enforced down-regulation of the CAR protein using a drug-regulatable system or treatment with the multikinase inhibitor dasatinib resulted in the acquisition of a memory-like phenotype, global transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming, and restored antitumor functionality in exhausted CAR-T cells. (bvsalud.org)
However, relapse of primary disease remains a major obstacle after CAR T cells therapy, and the majority of relapses present a tumor phenotype with retention of target antigen (antigen-positive relapse), which highly correlate with poor CAR T cells persistence. (biomedcentral.com)

Antigen CD19 appears only on B cells, which go awry in lymphoma and leukemia. (wikipedia.org)
To evaluate anti-CD19-CAR-transduced T cells in a murine model of adoptive T-cell therapy, we developed a CAR that specifically recognized murine CD19. (ashpublications.org)
We used T cells that were retrovirally transduced with this CAR to treat mice bearing a syngeneic lymphoma that naturally expressed the self-antigen murine CD19. (ashpublications.org)
One infusion of anti-CD19-CAR-transduced T cells completely eliminated normal B cells from mice for at least 143 days. (ashpublications.org)
12 , 13 Clinical trials in which patients with advanced B-cell malignancies receive T cells expressing anti-CD19 CARs are in early stages, and it is not known whether adoptive transfer of T cells targeting this self-antigen will be an effective therapy for B-cell malignancies. (ashpublications.org)
To establish a murine model in which a completely syngeneic lymphoma could be treated by adoptive transfer of syngeneic CAR-transduced T cells, we developed a CAR that could specifically recognize murine CD19. (ashpublications.org)

We then outline preclinical approaches that employ CAR-NK cells for GB immunotherapy, and give an overview on the ongoing clinical development of ErbB2 (HER2)-specific CAR-NK cells currently applied in a phase I clinical trial in glioblastoma patients. (frontiersin.org)
Dr. Lim's bibliography contains well over 200 articles on topics such as immunotherapy for glioblastoma, long-term survival of glioma patients treated with stereotactic radiation, and treatment of neuropathic pain. (stanfordhealthcare.org)

Given successes in the setting of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the advantages of neoadjuvant therapy, many trials are demonstrating the safety and feasibility of combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)/tyrosine kinases in patients with resectable HCC. (bvsalud.org)
In this mini-review we will discuss the latest clinical data from clinical trials for immune-checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of HCC. (stanford.edu)
Thirty-nine (26%) were on treatment with immunotherapy, and 17 (11%) with BRAF-MEK inhibitors. (unav.edu)

Tumor-specific neoantigens, which are expressed on tumor cells, can induce an effective antitumor cytotoxic T-cell response and mediate tumor regression. (wjgnet.com)

Methods We generated CMV-based vaccine vectors expressing the E7 epitope and tested these in preclinical models of HPV16-induced cancer. (bmj.com)
Conclusions This study highlight the effectiveness of CMV-based vaccine vectors, and shows that demarcated thresholds of vaccine-specific T cells could be defined that correlate to tumor protection. (bmj.com)
To advance the vaccine for energy in humans, we will group the individual antigens, all associated with iron acquisition (IreA, Hma, IutA, FyuA), into an effective combination to establish a multi-subunit vaccine. (morainetownshipdems.org)
We shown for all four vaccine antigens that antigen-specific serum IgG represents a strong correlate of safety in vaccinated mice. (morainetownshipdems.org)
Sera from ladies with and without histories of UTI have been tested for antibody levels to vaccine antigens. (morainetownshipdems.org)
research and animal versions that indicate how viral fill could be associated with COVID-19 prognosis and vaccine effectiveness among vaccinated people, highlighting the variations in comparison to unvaccinated people. (cancer-ecosystem.com)

Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is the transfer of cells into a patient. (wikipedia.org)
The cells are most commonly derived from the immune system with the goal of improving immune functionality and characteristics. (wikipedia.org)
In autologous cancer immunotherapy, T cells are extracted from the patient, genetically modified and cultured in vitro and returned to the same patient. (wikipedia.org)
In some patients, the administered antitumor cells represented up to 80% of the CD8+ T cells months after the infusion. (wikipedia.org)
In 2016, researchers developed a technique that used cancer cells' RNA to produce T cells and an immune response. (wikipedia.org)
This joint (Frankfurt/Mainz, Dresden, Essen, Heidelberg) translational immunotherapy project aims to combine NK cells as effector cells with universal epitope-specific CAR (UniCAR) with tunable activity. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
B16F10-bearing mice were preconditioned with 5Gy TBI and given a tripartite ACT therapy (consisting of transferred pmel-1 CD8 + T cells, vaccination with fowlpox encoding gp100, and IL-2) along with TLR4 agonist LPS. (biomedcentral.com)
In contrast, administering LPS after ACT potentiated the antitumor effectiveness of the regimen, thereby supporting the expansion of transferred tumor-specific CD8 + T cells over host CD4 + T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
We also found that non-toxic TLR agonists MPL and CpG potentiated the antitumor activity of infused CD8 + T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Mice were subsequently challenged with tumor cells, and the tumor protection was monitored. (bmj.com)
The TME consists of various cellular components, including immune cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix, along with soluble factors and signaling molecules. (biomedcentral.com)
These checkpoints act as molecular brakes on immune cells, preventing excessive activation and potential damage to healthy tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
This innovative approach enhances the patient's immune system to target and eliminate tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
This review further emphasizes the diversified cross-talk between γδ T cells and other immune cells. (explorationpub.com)
Background Adoptive T cell transfer (ACT) therapy improves outcomes in patients with advanced malignancies, yet many individuals relapse due to the infusion of T cells with poor function or persistence. (bmj.com)
Cancer is not a chaotic malignant cell mass, but a delicate "hostile" organ, where many other cells are recruited and domesticated to become "accomplices", thereby protecting themselves from recognition and attack by the immune system [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Substantial cells are divided into immune cells and non-immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The infiltrating immune cells in the TME constitute the main body of TIME. (biomedcentral.com)
Deletion of exhaustion-specific candidate enhancers of PDCD1 suppress the expression of PD-1 in an in vitro model of T cell dysfunction and in HA-28z CAR T cells, suggesting enhancer editing as a path forward in improving cancer immunotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
Preconditioning of the TME with FRß-specific CAR-T cells also improves the effectiveness of tumor-directed anti-mesothelin CAR-T cells, while simultaneous co-administration of both CAR products does not. (bvsalud.org)
Targeting cancer neoantigens generated by tumor-exclusive somatic mutations is an attractive yet challenging strategy for the robust and specific elimination of tumor cells by cellular immunotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
Accordingly, long-lived memory precursor effector T cells and antigen-specific T cells were increased by PD-1 blockade in intracranial lesions. (bvsalud.org)
There already exist several protocols to genetically modify and differentiate iPSCs into NK cells, and each has its own advantages with regards to immunotherapies. (molcells.org)
Furthermore, T cells and NK cells complement each other in that certain immune suppression mechanisms taken by tumor cells that are effective against T cells, such as the downregulation of human leukocyte antigens (HLA), have proven to be stimulatory for NK cells. (molcells.org)
Metastasis are characterized by a sequential and complex process during which cancer cells invade specific organs including lung, liver, brain, and bone [ 3 ] . (oaepublish.com)
However, CAR-T cells can also produce some adverse events after treatment of hematological malignancies, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, and on-target/off-tumor toxicity, which may cause systemic immune stress inflammation, destruction of the blood-brain barrier, and even normal tissue damage. (hindawi.com)
Novel understanding in the interaction between immune system and cancer cells of the patient holds great promise for immunotherapy development [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
However, from the beginning of puberty after thymus degeneration, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) persists due to the chronic activation of cytomegalovirus in humans causing repeated activation of T cells, which is considered the driving factor of human immune aging [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
In addition, the isolation and storage of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells have been used to rebuild the immune system for the treatment of hematological malignancies and might be promising for the dynamic equilibrium expansion of functional T cells [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Most CARs that are being evaluated in current clinical and preclinical studies recognize self-antigens that are expressed by normal tissues as well as malignant cells. (ashpublications.org)
15 We have recently conducted experiments that demonstrated enhanced in vitro survival of human T cells that were transduced with an ErbB2-specific CAR when the first and third ITAMs of the CD3-ζ domain of the CAR were inactivated. (ashpublications.org)
While both techniques showed specific reactions towards the epitope as exposed by T cell-mediated cytokine launch and focus on cell lysis, CAR-targeted T cells had been even more delicate than BiTE-targeted T cells to low amounts of antigens per cell. (techieindex.net)
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of cryptotanshinone (CPT), naringenin, and their combination in modulating the immune response towards Th1 cells and the involvement of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in these effects. (biomedcentral.com)
suggesting that this substance could influence the response of cancer cells to immunotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
His laboratory focuses on understanding mechanisms of immune evasion by cancer cells. (stanfordhealthcare.org)
Immunotherapy with CAR-T cells has achieved tremendous successes in treatment of hematological malignancies. (ijbs.com)
It is interesting to study the initiation and regulation of differentiation in cells having no G1 phase, Mouse monoclonal to Ractopamine as typically, cell differentiation occurs from your G1 phase of the cell cycle. (globaltechbiz.com)
Tumor cells can escape immune surveillance through the high expression of PD-L1 and other immune checkpoint ligands. (justia.com)
In the past decades, researchers have shown that during the immune response process, the proliferation and differentiation of T cells are closely related to metabolic regulation. (justia.com)
When T cells recognize antigens, the immune response is initiated, and the cells change from a relatively quiescent state to a highly active state. (justia.com)
With the decrease of the antigen load, most activated T cells initiate the death program, while a small number of long-life memory T cells persist over time and remain in a relatively quiescent state. (justia.com)

We further show that mouse dietary zinc deficiency potentiates ventilator-induced lung injury, and that plasma zinc levels are significantly reduced in human patients who go on to develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) compared with healthy and non-ARDS intensive care unit (ICU) controls, as well as with other ICU patients without ARDS. (jci.org)
Despite significant recent improvements in the field of immunotherapy, cancer remains a heavy burden on patients and healthcare systems. (mdpi.com)
T cell immune protection plays a pivotal role in the treatment of patients with hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
The immune system produces systemic p53 autoantibodies (p53 Abs) in many cancer patients. (stanford.edu)

Among tumor immunotherapies, neoantigen vaccines are in early human clinical trials and have demonstrated substantial efficiency. (wjgnet.com)
Numerous clinical trials are currently investigating the role of different immune modulators either as monotherapy or as combination therapy in the neoadjuvant setting. (bvsalud.org)

One such mechanism involves the upregulation of immune checkpoints, such as programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86)/cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Lymphodepletion enhances adoptive T cell transfer (ACT) therapy by activating the innate immune system via microbes released from the radiation-injured gut. (biomedcentral.com)

Collectively, our results identify how and when to administer TLR agonists to augment T cell-based immunotherapy in the absence or presence of host preconditioning for treatment of advanced malignancies. (biomedcentral.com)
However, T cell exhaustion might lead to the possibility of immune escape of hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
In recent years, with the increased understanding of the molecular genetic basis of these malignancies, immune-targeted therapy has become a new possibility for the treatment of hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
It is noted that T cell has great potential for immunotherapy of hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)

For those who are ineligible for cisplatin-based regimens or experience progression of disease, in 2016-2017 the United States Food and Drug Administration approved five monoclonal antibodies that achieve immune checkpoint blockade by targeting the programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway. (iospress.com)

Of the 5379 expected proteins in prototype UPEC strain CFT073, only six proteins met all of our founded criteria: (1) surface exposure (expected and shown), (2) induction during growth in human being urine, (3) high manifestation in experimentally infected mice Minocycline hydrochloride and (4) high manifestation in ladies with UTI, (5) immunogenicity, and (6) pathogen-specificity. (morainetownshipdems.org)

In combination with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), epigenetic modification-targeted drugs are emerging as attractive cancer treatments. (biomedcentral.com)
At present, clinical immunotherapy mainly includes immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive T cell therapy. (justia.com)

Little is known about factors that modulate the threshold for antigen recognition. (bvsalud.org)

The remarkable achievements witnessed in various cancers using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1, exemplify the effectiveness and power of ICB therapy strategies [ 17 , 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Highly cancer-specific antigens derived from somatic mutations, the so-called neoantigens, occurring in individual cancers have been in focus recently. (cancerbiomed.org)
In recent years, immunotherapies have led to remarkable strides in treating certain cancers. (mdpi.com)
Use of natural products has been proposed as an efficient method in modulation of immune system and treatment of cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Cancer immunotherapy, the immune system's artificial stimulation, is an efficient method for the treatment of different cancers [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the standard of care in multiple aspects of oncology. (bvsalud.org)

We also study the logic of natural cellular signaling systems, and the underlying principles of cellular communication and collective cell behavior during an immune response. (ucsf.edu)

To bypass resistance, combination treatment with immunotherapies and single or multiple TKIs have been shown to improve prognosis compared to monotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
This included sessions dedicated to systems biology on immunotherapy, immunogenicity and gene expression profiling, biomarkers, and combination treatment strategies. (biomedcentral.com)

This multi-center (Müchen, Heidelberg, Frankfurt/Mainz, Essen, Freiburg, Dresden, Berlin) project will provide a better understanding of the interplay between mutational signatures and the relevant components of the immune system aiming at biomarker discovery and the design of combinatorial treatment strategies based on the identified mechanisms of action. (unimedizin-mainz.de)

Anatomy30

Organisms14

Diseases35

Chemicals and Drugs98

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment46

Phenomena and Processes36

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science2

Health Care5

Tumors14

Receptors12

Receptor17

Microenvironment9

Immunity9

Therapies8

Therapeutic7

Cancer immunotherapies4

Responses16

Melanoma11

Efficacy7

Dendritic cells2

Response to immunotherapy3

Lymphocytes4

Vivo5

Effective immunotherapies1

Pluripotent stem2

Potent2

Cytotoxicity1

TAAs1

Phenotype3

CD196

Glioblastoma2

Inhibitors3

Tumor regression1

Vaccine6

Cells41

Patients4

Clinical trials2

Differentiation1

Enhances1

Malignancies4

Regimens1

Specificity1

Blockade2

Recognition1

Cancers5

Oncology1

Cellular1

Combination2

Mechanisms1