Nearly 20% of plant species accumulate alkaloids, which mainly include terpenoid indole alkaloids, tropane alkaloids and purine alkaloids 3 . (scialert.net)
Paxilline3
Paxilline is a toxic, tremorgenic diterpene indole polycyclic alkaloid molecule produced by Penicillium paxilli which was first characterized in 1975. (wikipedia.org)
We have successfully elucidated all of the individual enzymatic steps and produced four representative indole diterpenes, paspaline, paxilline, aflatrem, and penitrem, at a yield of ~100 mg/L. These results confirmed that the Aspergillus oryzae expression system is highly reliable for elucidation of biosynthetic pathways, even those involving 17 enzymatic reactions. (heterocycles.jp)
AR1 endophyte produces secondary metabolites that are simple indole diterpenes, including paxilline and paxilline-like compounds. (waikato.ac.nz)
Biosynthesis1
Paxiline biosynthesis starts with the synthesis of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate via the terpenoid pathway and indole-3-glycerol phosphate, which is an intermediate in the tryptophan biosynthesis pathway. (wikipedia.org)
Emindole1
In vivo characterisation of NodD1, an indole-diterpene prenyltransferase that acts on an emindole SB derived indole-diterpene scaffold. (canterbury.ac.nz)
Sesquiterpenes1
Monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and diterpenes have been found to possess notable anti-oxidant activity in different in vitro assays. (scialert.net)
Produces1
The maize cytochrome P450 CYP79A61 produces phenylacetaldoxime and indole-3-acetaldoxime in heterologous systems and might contribute to plant defense and auxin formation. (mpg.de)
Acid2
One amino acid makes the difference: the formation of ent-kaurene and 16alpha-hydroxy-ent-kaurane by diterpene synthases in poplar. (mpg.de)
Gibberellic Acid, also called Gibberellin A3, is a plant hormone in the family of gibberellins, a large class of naturally ocuring tetracyclic diterpene acids which promote cell growth and development. (goldbio.com)
Alkaloid1
Paxilline is a toxic, tremorgenic diterpene indole polycyclic alkaloid molecule produced by Penicillium paxilli which was first characterized in 1975. (wikipedia.org)
Tetracyclic diterpene2
Gibberellic Acid, also called Gibberellin A3, is a plant hormone in the family of gibberellins, a large class of naturally ocuring tetracyclic diterpene acids which promote cell growth and development. (goldbio.com)
Isosteviol, a common natural sweetener, belongs to tetracyclic diterpene glycosides. (targetmol.com)
Glycosides2
In order to serve as a substitute for sugar, Stevia rebaudiana is fortified with sweetening compounds such as isosteviol, sativoside, rebaudiosides (A, B, C, D, E, F), steviolbio-side and dulcoside A. These are compounds are derivatives of diterpene glycosides. (herbconer.com)
Stevioside glycosides and other diterpene glycosides present in the leaves of Sweet leaf stevia are not just there to give you a sweet taste. (herbconer.com)
Sesquiterpenes2
1997). Sesquiterpenes is synthesized through the isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) advanced following the ancient mevalonate path, while monoterpenes and you may diterpenes is actually synthesized via a choice IPP pathway with glyceraldehyde-3-P and pyruvate identified as the new lead precursors regarding IPP ( Lichtenthaler ainsi que al. (glazedextraordinaire.com)
Sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, new sterols, and a structurally intriguing and extraordinarily diversified variety of metabolites have all been shown to be present in this sponge genus [ 9 ]. (springeropen.com)
Carbon atoms1
The basic skeleton of diterpene contains 20 carbon atoms. (intechopen.com)
Fungal1
This chapter includes recently (2013-2018) isolated compounds from various fungal sources especially cythane, clerodanes, halimanes, abietane, and indole-type diterpenes. (intechopen.com)
Phytochemical1
2. Pharmacodynamics of dietary phytochemical indoles I3C and DIM: Induction of Nrf2-mediated phase II drug metabolizing and antioxidant genes and synergism with isothiocyanates. (nih.gov)
Compounds1
Indole, a product of shikimic acidic pathway, is made from indole-3-glycerol-P sometimes as an advanced inside the Trp biosynthesis or of the a beneficial Trp-separate pathway causing children regarding nitrogen-which has protection compounds (e.grams. (glazedextraordinaire.com)
Pathway3
Paxiline biosynthesis starts with the synthesis of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate via the terpenoid pathway and indole-3-glycerol phosphate, which is an intermediate in the tryptophan biosynthesis pathway. (wikipedia.org)
Biosynthetic pathway of plants and fungi diterpenes showed homology at initial steps but showed differences at latter steps. (intechopen.com)
Indole, an item of shikimic acidic pathway, is formed off indole-3-glycerol-P either given that an intermediate for the Trp biosynthesis or by a beneficial Trp-separate pathway ultimately causing a family off nitrogen-which includes safety ingredients (age.g. dos,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-step one,4-benzoxazin-3-one) ( Frey et al. (glazedextraordinaire.com)
Structure- -activity relationships for 1-alkyl-3-(1-naphthoyl) indoles at the cannabinoid CB(1) and CB(2) receptors: steric and electronic effects of naphthoyl substituents. (edu.pl)
5-Hydroxyoxindole has been identified as a urinary metabolite of indole, which is produced from tryptophane via the tryptophanase activity of gut bacteria [1]. (targetmol.com)
CONCLUSION: This study managed to identify, for the first time, six diterpenes from the resin of P. pinaster, with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial activity. (bvsalud.org)
Natural1
Diterpenes are one of the classes of natural products with about 7000 structures. (intechopen.com)
Type1
A brief discussion on the 13C-NMR chemical shifts of these diterpenes has been discussed at the end of each type. (intechopen.com)