• Looking at the distribution of DNA in the nucleus, they discovered that much of the change in the viscoelastic nature of the nuclei is to do with the aggregation of chromatin, multi-component structures made of DNA and proteins. (scitechdaily.com)
  • In addition, our experiments show that heat-treating donor nuclei destabilizes higher-order features of chromatin (but leaves intact its nucleosomal organization) and results in a high proportion of reconstructed embryos developing to the blastocyst stage and beyond. (cnrs.fr)
  • Megaloblasts are large nucleated red blood cell (RBC) precursors with noncondensed chromatin due to impaired DNA synthesis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Although the interior of the nucleus does not contain any membrane-bound subcompartments, a number of nuclear bodies exist, made up of unique proteins, RNA molecules, and particular parts of the chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • 14 Embedded within the inner membrane, various proteins bind the intermediate filaments that give the nucleus its structure. (wikipedia.org)
  • This size selectively allows the passage of small water-soluble molecules while preventing larger molecules, such as nucleic acids and larger proteins, from inappropriately entering or exiting the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histones are proteins that keep DNA strands curled up and packed into the cell nucleus. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The pores are filled with special proteins, called nucleoporins, which select what can move in or out of the nucleus. (rug.nl)
  • Biologists at the Allen Institute have further engineered these stem cells to tag certain proteins or cellular structures with glowing fluorescent labels. (alleninstitute.org)
  • Each of our cells houses all its chromosomes inside the nucleus, as well as many specialized proteins that regulate how our genes switch on or off. (alleninstitute.org)
  • However, in an investigation of BRAF localisation using fluorescence microscopy combined with subcellular fractionation of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-tagged proteins expressed in NIH3T3 cells, surprisingly, we detected N-terminally truncated BRAF (ΔBRAF) in both nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. (bath.ac.uk)
  • Both endogenous and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-fused Gβ2 and Gγ2 proteins were detected in the nucleus at baseline, whereas a fraction of EGFP-Gβ2 and DsRed2-GR comigrated to the nucleus or the plasma membrane, depending on the exposure of cells to dexamethasone or somatostatin, respectively. (rupress.org)
  • The nucleus is also responsible for the production of proteins, which are essential for a wide range of functions in the body. (the-one.world)
  • Eukaryotic cells usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types, such as mammalian red blood cells, have no nuclei, and a few others including osteoclasts have many. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lastly, we compare this single-cell data to that generated using three single-nucleus RNA sequencing workflows. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Finally, cell type composition differences are observed between single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing libraries. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In particular, we note an underrepresentation of T, B, and NK lymphocytes in the single-nucleus libraries. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The genes within these chromosomes are structured in such a way to promote cell function. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inside the nucleus are forty-six threadlike structures known as chromosomes, and each one of these structures contains thousands of genes. (innerbody.com)
  • Nucleus with chromosomes, DNA molecule (double helix), telomere and gene (length of DNA that codes for a specific protein). (istockphoto.com)
  • Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). (harvard.edu)
  • Genomic data describes the makeup of the chromosomes inside a cell's nucleus and is typically represented as one- or two-dimensional data. (cmu.edu)
  • Imaging data and chromosome structure models, which show how chromosomes are folded and where they are located inside the nucleus, are three-dimensional in nature. (cmu.edu)
  • These cells, in an image captured by scientist Chris Frick , Ph.D., are engineered with a label that marks the nuclear envelope, the thin membrane that surrounds the cell's nucleus. (alleninstitute.org)
  • Researchers in the School of Computer Science's Computational Biology Department have developed a tool that aims to help scientists gain a fuller and deeper understanding of the structure and function of a cell's nucleus. (cmu.edu)
  • The nuclear pore complex is one of the biggest protein structures in the cell,' explains Patrick Onck, professor of Micromechanics at the University of Groningen. (rug.nl)
  • The movement of large molecules through the nuclear envelope and into the cell nucleus is regulated by large protein structures called nuclear pore complexes. (phys.org)
  • The term nucleus is also used in zoology for a few other structures, such as the digestive organs of salpa. (sacklunch.net)
  • Some of these parts, called organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
  • is made up of a jelly-like fluid (called the cytosol) and other structures that surround the nucleus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Structures that are part of or contained in the CELL NUCLEUS. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pores in this membrane allow communication between the nucleus and the rest of the cell. (rug.nl)
  • Together, both allow for a proper communication between the nucleus and cytoplasm, which is essential for the cell functioning. (cosmeticsbusiness.com)
  • However, as the result of recent advancements in microscopic imaging technology and computational image processing techniques [ 1 ], there has been significant growth of research towards translational computational systems that can detect, analyze, classify, and quantify cell nuclei from microscopic images. (hindawi.com)
  • To analyse the time-series 3D microscopic images of developing embryos with fluorescently labelled nuclei, these studies used image segmentation. (nature.com)
  • The genetic material delivered by mRNA vaccines never enters the nucleus of your cells, which is where your DNA is kept, so the vaccine does not alter your DNA. (cdc.gov)
  • Overall, snmC-seq allows for the large-scale multiplex sequencing of sorted neuronal nuclei that is needed to gain insight into the diverse cell types of the brain. (epigenie.com)
  • SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A major hypothesis posits neuronal inhibitions in nucleus accumbens generate intense motivation. (jneurosci.org)
  • Microinjections in nucleus accumbens of glutamate antagonist, DNQX, which might suppress local neuronal firing, generate either appetitive or defensive motivation, depending on site and environmental factors. (jneurosci.org)
  • Is neuronal inhibition in nucleus accumbens required for such pharmacologically-induced motivations? (jneurosci.org)
  • The members of the Toc159 family of GTPases act as the primary receptors for the import of nucleus-encoded preproteins into plastids. (rupress.org)
  • Extracellular stimuli that activate cell surface receptors modulate glucocorticoid actions via as yet unclear mechanisms. (rupress.org)
  • The iodine hormone exerts its action on receptors on the nucleus in cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, we compare gene expression and cellular composition of single-cell suspensions prepared from adult mouse kidney using two tissue dissociation protocols. (biomedcentral.com)
  • IVDs are composed of two distinct components: The inner gel-like core nucleus pulposus (NP) and the outer firm annulus fibrosus (AF). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Delivering Growth Factors through a Polymeric Scaffold to Cell Cultures Containing both Nucleus Pulposus and Annulus Fibrosus. (bvsalud.org)
  • and collagen type II (COL2A1) gene expressions were determined with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT- PCR ) analysis to show the effects of IGF-1 /BMP-2 administration on annulus fibrosus cell (AFC)/ nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) cultures . (bvsalud.org)
  • An exchange of genetic material that occurred when ancient giant viruses infected ancient eukaryotic cells could have caused the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell -- its defining feature -- to form. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The most widely accepted theories that have emerged state that the eukaryotic cell is the evolutionary product of the intracellular evolution of proto-eukaryotic cells, which were the first complex cells, and symbiotic relationships between proto-eukaryotic cells and other unicellular and simpler organisms such as bacteria and archaea. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In a way, Prof Takemura's hypothesis has its roots in 2001 when, along with PJ Bell, he made the revolutionary proposal that large DNA viruses, like the poxvirus, had something to do with the rise of the eukaryotic cell nucleus. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Prof Takemura further explains the reasons for his inquiry into the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell as such: "Although the structure, function, and various biological functions of the cell nucleus have been intensively investigated, the evolutionary origin of the cell nucleus, a milestone of eukaryotic evolution, remains unclear. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The eukaryotic cell is neatly compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that perform various functions. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The 2001 hypothesis by Prof Takemura and PJ Bell is based on striking similarities between the eukaryotic cell nucleus and poxviruses: in particular, the property of keeping the genome separate in a compartment. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A critical role of autophagy was identified in rat nucleus pulposus (NP) cells: Inhibition of autophagy suppresses, while activation of autophagy enhances, the catabolic effect of cytokines. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Upon phosphorylation, R-SMADs recruit the co-SMAD SMAD-4 to form protein complexes that translocate into the nucleus and exhibit transcriptional activity. (springer.com)
  • Single-cell RNA sequencing has been widely adopted to estimate the cellular composition of heterogeneous tissues and obtain transcriptional profiles of individual cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Systematic comparison of recovered cell types and their transcriptional profiles across the workflows has highlighted protocol-specific biases and thus enables researchers starting single-cell experiments to make an informed choice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Each of the approaches mentioned above introduces specific biases and artifacts that can manifest themselves in altered transcriptional profiles or altered representation of cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The transcription factor deltaFosB (ΔFosB), induced in nucleus accumbens (NAc) by chronic exposure to drugs of abuse, has been shown to mediate sensitized responses to these drugs. (jneurosci.org)
  • Microinjections of a glutamate AMPA antagonist (DNQX) in medial shell of nucleus accumbens (NAc) can cause either intense appetitive motivation (i.e., 'desire') or intense defensive motivation (i.e., 'dread'), depending on site along a flexible rostrocaudal gradient and on environmental ambience. (jneurosci.org)
  • These results may be relevant to roles of nucleus accumbens mechanisms in pathological motivations, including addiction and paranoia. (jneurosci.org)
  • Localized neuropharmacological glutamate blockade at sites in the medial shell of nucleus accumbens (NAc), by microinjections of the glutamate AMPA antagonist, DNQX, produce either intense appetitive behavior or fearful behavior. (jneurosci.org)
  • Accurate results of cell nuclei segmentation are often adapted to a variety of applications such as the detection of cancerous cell nuclei and the observation of overlapping cellular events occurring during wound healing process in the human body. (hindawi.com)
  • We can see where cellular components are in the nucleus and how they interact with what's around them spatially. (cmu.edu)
  • This image shows an osteosarcoma cell with DNA in blue, energy factories (mitochondria) in yellow, and actin filaments, part of the cellular skeleton, in purple. (nih.gov)
  • This triggered an increase in paracellular permeability via cellular redistribution of claudin 3 (CLDN3) from TJs into cell nuclei followed by disruption of epithelial integrity and formation of epithelial lesions. (springer.com)
  • A cell nuclei segmentation algorithm incorporating unsupervised color clustering, morphological operations, and local thresholding has been proposed to distinguish the cancerous and noncancerous areas in histologically stained images and then segment the clustered cell nuclei [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • To quantify the nuclear region of every cell from a time-series 3D fluorescence microscopic image of living cells, we developed QCANet, a convolutional neural network-based segmentation algorithm for 3D fluorescence bioimages. (nature.com)
  • The nucleus maintains the integrity of genes and controls the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • Independent phylogenetic analyses suggested that genes had been transferred between these viruses and eukaryotic cells as they interacted at various points down the evolutionary road, in a process called "lateral gene transfer. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Ecker shares ,"We think it's pretty striking that we can tease apart a brain into individual cells, sequence their methylomes, and identify many new cell types along with their gene regulatory elements, the genetic switches that make these neurons distinct from each other. (epigenie.com)
  • Join this webinar to learn more about the alteration of host gene expression as a result of COVID-19 infection, and novel laboratory techniques designed to evaluate this at a single-cell resolution. (bucher.ch)
  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is an increasingly powerful technology that enables analysis of gene expression in individual cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
  • We detected high levels of BNT162b2 in Huh7 cells and changes in gene expression of long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1), which is an endogenous reverse transcriptase. (lu.se)
  • These large molecules must be actively transported into the nucleus instead. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the cell, large molecules that must be transported into or out of the nucleus can only do so when they are attached to such a chaperone. (rug.nl)
  • Bell proposed a viral origin for the eukaryotic nucleus back in 2001 and refreshed the theory in September. (uncommondescent.com)
  • 5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
  • In the recent decades, with exponential advancement in the fields of genomics, molecular biology, and virology, several scientists on this quest have taken to looking into the evolutionary twists and turns that have resulted in eukaryotic cells, the type of cell that makes up most life forms today. (sciencedaily.com)
  • An adherent vessel preserves cell biology, but a cell suspension culture yields scale. (corning.com)
  • S2 Genomics is developing integrated sample preparation systems for processing tissues into genomic samples for single-cell genomics and cell biology studies. (bucher.ch)
  • 1 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. (nih.gov)
  • This study was designed to examine whether the unconventional spicing of XBP1 mRNA could occur in the nucleus and its possible biological relevance. (mdpi.com)
  • We use RT-PCR reverse transcription system and the expand high fidelity PCR system to detect spliced XBP1 mRNA, and fraction cells to determine the location of the unconventional splicing of XBP1 mRNA. (mdpi.com)
  • Both messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein subunit COVID-19 vaccines work by delivering instructions (genetic material) to your cells to start building protection against the virus that causes COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
  • Here we report on the successful reprogramming of nuclei from somatic cells rendered nonviable by heat treatment. (cnrs.fr)
  • Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)
  • The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)
  • if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)
  • Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)
  • The latter name is given to it from its property of absorbing staining reagents much more readily than the rest of the cell. (sacklunch.net)
  • S2 Genomics provides a selection of pre-set protocols and pre-formulated reagents for cell isolations for an expanding set of mouse, rat, and human tissues, including tumors. (bucher.ch)
  • The Singulator 100TM System comes with a unique Single-Shot MechanismTM for convenient cell-isolation reagent loading and a Reagent Chiller that stores reagents for up to 100 nuclei runs. (bucher.ch)
  • It maintains a controlled and balanced environment, ensuring that the cell can carry out its activities efficiently. (the-one.world)
  • HIV infection requires the virus to enter a cell and gain access to the well-guarded nucleus in order for the viral components to be integrated into the healthy cell's DNA. (israelnationalnews.com)
  • Further, unlike other viruses, it does not construct its own enclosed "viral factory" in the cytoplasm of the cell within which to replicate its DNA and contains none of the genes required to carry out the replication process. (sciencedaily.com)
  • He points to the "viral factories" that giant viruses build inside prokaryotic cells. (uncommondescent.com)
  • To infect cells productively, HIV-1 must traverse the nuclear envelope to enable integration of the viral DNA into the genomic DNA of host cells. (phys.org)
  • Its ability to perform cold dissociation minimizes the expression of stress-related genes in cells and helps preserve RNA quality in nuclei. (bucher.ch)
  • Here, we report that the guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor-activated WD-repeat Gβ interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), comigrates with it into the nucleus and suppresses GR-induced transactivation of the glucocorticoid-responsive genes. (rupress.org)
  • The fact that the DNA of a fully differentiated (adult) cell could be stimulated to revert to a condition comparable to that of a newly fertilized egg and to repeat the process of embryonic development demonstrates that all the genes in differentiated cells retain their functional capacity, although only a few are active. (who.int)
  • The cells these scientists work with are human stem cells, derived from an adult donor's skin cells and engineered to revert to a more "naive" state. (alleninstitute.org)
  • In most stem cells, the nuclear envelope is smooth, but wrinkles can occasionally form in its thin surface - sometimes taking on unexpected shapes. (alleninstitute.org)
  • How stem cells choose and keep to differentiation paths continues to be a crucial question for medical science. (scitechdaily.com)
  • A team led by Associate Professor Hiromi Miyoshi of Tokyo Metropolitan University have been looking at the nuclei of human mesenchymal stem cells, a type of cell that can mature (or "differentiate") into a wide range of cell types, including muscle, fat, bone, and cartilage. (scitechdaily.com)
  • This was the first time that the viscoelasticity of nuclei was tracked through the whole differentiation process in human stem cells. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Reference: "Intranuclear mesoscale viscoelastic changes during osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells" by Kojiro Matsushita, Chiharu Nakahara, Shun Kimura, Naoya Sakamoto, Satoshi Ii and Hiromi Miyoshi, 25 November 2021, The FASEB Journal . (scitechdaily.com)
  • To our knowledge, this is the first report of cloned mammalian offspring originating from nonviable cells. (cnrs.fr)
  • Furthermore, autophagy of AF cells may be secondary to endoplasmic reticulum stress ( 12 , 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • packages molecules processed by the endoplasmic reticulum to be transported out of the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
  • Thus, the clone would be genetically identical to the nucleus donor only if the egg came from the same donor or from her maternal line. (who.int)
  • Researchers can now easily obtain suspensions of nuclei or high-viability cells for a wide range of single-cell analyses. (bucher.ch)
  • The Singulator™ 100 enables rapid and hands-off tissue dissociations, making it easy for researchers to reproducibly prepare suspensions of nuclei or highly viable cells from small samples in high yield, for a wide range of single-cell analyses. (bucher.ch)
  • The animal cell with a nucleus, one of the greatest advancements in the realm of life, is like a sophisticated control center that drives the wonders of living organisms. (the-one.world)
  • In approximately 20% of organisms only 1 nucleus is present. (cdc.gov)
  • The term applies not only to entire organisms but also to copies of molecules (such as DNA) and cells. (who.int)
  • The bench-top Singulator System and its single-use cartridges enable reproducible, rapid and hands-off tissue dissociations into single-cell or nuclei suspensions. (bucher.ch)
  • Reproducibly generate high-quality suspensions of nuclei from a wide range of tissues. (bucher.ch)
  • The nucleus is the headquarters of a cell and molecules constantly move across the nuclear membrane through pores. (rug.nl)
  • In eukaryotes the nucleus in many cells typically occupies 10% of the cell volume. (wikipedia.org)
  • Delivery of oncolytic adenovirus into the nucleus of tumorigenic cells by tumor microparticles for virotherapy. (stembook.org)
  • To investigate tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1 β) regulation of CCL3 expression in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and in macrophage migration. (shu.ac.uk)
  • Ho CY, Maleki Z. Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath: cytomorphologic and radiologic findings in 41 patients. (ctsicn.org)
  • The size of the nucleus is correlated to the size of the cell, and this ratio is reported across a range of cell types and species. (wikipedia.org)
  • While some techniques only perform the task of cell nuclei segmentation and quantification, techniques that are capable of further detecting and classifying abnormal tumors (cell nuclei) that cause various types of cancer have also been proposed. (hindawi.com)
  • There are hundreds, if not thousands, of types of brain cells that have different functions and behaviors and it's important to know what all these types are to understand how the brain works. (epigenie.com)
  • We identified changes of cell nuclei states caused by different types of cryoprotectants and associate them with alterations of the freeze/thaw process in cells. (muni.cz)
  • It also reveals cell types more abundant either in the cold or warm dissociations that may represent populations that require gentler or harsher conditions to be released intact. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, optimal dissociation needs to achieve a balance between releasing cell types that are difficult to dissociate while avoiding damage to those that are fragile. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To investigate genotoxicity of NDMW and HTMW compared to PMW we used two human lung epithelial cell types, an immortalized BEAS-2B and primary SAEC. (cdc.gov)
  • The study, HIV-1-induced nuclear invaginations mediated by VAP-A, ORP3, and Rab7 complex explain infection of activated T cells , was the result of a collaboration of researchers from Touro University Nevada College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine in New York, researchers from the Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) of TUD Dresden University of Technology in Germany, and researchers from Italy. (israelnationalnews.com)
  • Growing evidence has persuaded some researchers, however, that the nucleus might have arisen through a symbiotic partnership much like the one believed to have produced mitochondria. (uncommondescent.com)
  • Allen Institute for Cell Science researchers photograph thousands and thousands of different cells under the microscope. (alleninstitute.org)
  • Researchers can get a more unbiased and complete view of how the cell nucleus is structured," Ma said. (cmu.edu)
  • Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have discovered how the sponginess and stickiness of stem cell nuclei controls how they "differentiate" into specialized cells. (scitechdaily.com)
  • MX2, which is localized at the cytoplasmic face of the nuclear envelope, inhibits infection by blocking the nuclear import of HIV-1 DNA and preventing its accumulation within the nucleus. (phys.org)
  • TGF-β1 activated accumulation of phosphorylated SMAD2 (pSMAD2-C) at centrioles of motile cilia and at cell nuclei. (springer.com)
  • Nuclear GFP-ΔBRAF retains MEK/ERK activating potential and is associated with the accumulation of phosphorylated MEK and ERK in the nucleus. (bath.ac.uk)
  • In contrast, full-length GFP- WT BRAF and GFP- V600E BRAF are associated with the accumulation of phosphorylated ERK but not phosphorylated MEK in the nucleus. (bath.ac.uk)
  • Through a process called mitosis, cells can create exact copies of themselves, ensuring the growth and maintenance of the organism. (the-one.world)
  • Cells also contain the body's hereditary material and can make copies of themselves. (medlineplus.gov)
  • They have their own genetic material, separate from the DNA in the nucleus, and can make copies of themselves. (medlineplus.gov)
  • But what about individual cells in our bodies? (uncommondescent.com)
  • There are certain bodies resembling cells in all respects except in the absence of a nucleus. (sacklunch.net)
  • Diagnosis is usually based on a complete blood count and peripheral smear, which usually shows a macrocytic anemia with anisocytosis and poikilocytosis, large oval red blood cells (macro-ovalocytes), Howell-Jolly bodies (residual fragments of the nucleus), hypersegmented neutrophils, and reticulocytopenia. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In addition, Shen et al ( 14 ) reported that the autophagy of rat AF cells was induced by serum deprivation in vitro and that IL-1β upregulated serum deprivation-induced autophagy in a dose-dependent manner. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Reporting in Developmental Cell, Hara and Merten (2015) apply the use of microfabrication and in vitro analysis in cell-free extracts to the old problem of nuclear size control. (nih.gov)
  • In this study, we investigated the effect of BNT162b2 on the human liver cell line Huh7 in vitro. (lu.se)
  • 12 In human cells, the diameter of the nucleus is approximately six micrometres (µm). (wikipedia.org)
  • A study published in the journal Nature Communications has identified a new pathway that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) uses to enter the nucleus of a healthy cell, where it can then replicate and go on to invade other cells. (israelnationalnews.com)
  • Early Alzheimer's disease pathology in human cortex involves transient cell states. (harvard.edu)
  • An atlas of healthy and injured cell states and niches in the human kidney. (harvard.edu)
  • Herein we elaborated effects of TGF-β1 on TJs of primary human bronchial epithelial cells. (springer.com)
  • The mechanisms of immune privilege in human nucleus pulposus (NP) remain unclear. (medsci.org)
  • We aimed for addressing the role of FasL expression in human intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and immune privilege in terms of the interaction between NP cells and immunocytes via the FasL-Fas machinery. (medsci.org)
  • FCM analysis found that human NP cells with increased FasL expression resulted in significantly increased apoptosis ratio of macrophages and CD8 + T cells. (medsci.org)
  • Moreover, studies with human disc cells, especially focusing on nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, are seldom found in the literature. (medsci.org)
  • Finally, IKKβ knockdown was used to further confirm the effect of the NF‑κB signal on human NP cells autophagy, and the data showed that IKKβ knockdown upregulated the autophagy of NP cells during inflammatory conditions. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The human body is composed of trillions of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The National Human Genome Research Institute's Talking Glossary provides a definition of a cell as well as an illustration and video. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Furthermore, a recent study showed that SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be reverse-transcribed and in-tegrated into the genome of human cells. (lu.se)
  • Our results indicate a fast up-take of BNT162b2 into human liver cell line Huh7, leading to changes in LINE-1 expression and distribution. (lu.se)
  • PL: nuclei) is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • 649 Together, these membranes serve to separate the cell's genetic material from the rest of the cell contents, and allow the nucleus to maintain an environment distinct from the rest of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • They must enter a "host" cell and use that cell's machinery to replicate its genetic material, and therefore multiply. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Multiple tissue preparation protocols are compatible with Chromium, but the protocol of choice should ideally maintain RNA integrity and cell composition of the original tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PCR on genomic DNA of Huh7 cells exposed to BNT162b2 amplified the DNA sequence unique to BNT162b2. (lu.se)
  • Lung epithelial cells form a barrier that lines airway and alveolar surfaces and constitute an air-liquid interface. (springer.com)
  • Cell Suspension Culture or Adherent Surface: Which Is Right for Your Lab? (corning.com)
  • HeLa, mouse L, and CHO cells were grown in suspension culture. (harvard.edu)
  • In this case, samples need to be preserved either as an intact tissue or in a dissociated form as a single-cell suspension. (biomedcentral.com)