• Normally, as one moves down a food web, biomass increases. (seafriends.org.nz)
  • Distribution of total zooplankton biomass (dry weight, g m-2) from near bottom - 0 m in autumn 2017. (barentsportal.com)
  • Based only on Norwegian data, which represent the longest time series, average zooplankton biomass combined all size-fractions in August-October 2017 was 6.4 g dry-weight m -2 in the western-central Barents Sea, this estimate is lower than in 2016 (7.7 g dry-weight m -2 ), and somewhat lower than the average for the last 20 years (7.0 g dry-weight m -2 ). (barentsportal.com)
  • Combined Russian and Norwegian data (247 stations in total) covering the entire Barents Sea provided an estimated average zooplankton biomass of 7.2 (SD 5.7) g dry-weight m -2 in 2017. (barentsportal.com)
  • Time-series of mean zooplankton biomass from bottom - 0 m (dry-weight, g m-2) for the western and central Barents Sea (Norwegian sector) of the autumn ecosystem-survey, 1988-2017. (barentsportal.com)
  • Zooplankton biomass can vary considerably between years and appears to be controlled largely by predation pressure, e.g. from capelin, although the yearly predation impact is expected to vary between regions. (barentsportal.com)
  • And those baitfish, in turn, eat five hundred times their biomass in marine larvae, zooplankton, and phytoplankton every day. (sagemagazine.org)
  • mmol m −3 ), it still fails to reproduce observed N* in the Arctic, possibly related to a misrepresentation of the phytoplankton community there and the lack of benthic denitrification in the model. (copernicus.org)
  • Terrestrially derived resources such as dissolved and particulate organic matter exported from soils and vegetation often support heterotrophic organisms (e.g., planktonic bacteria, zooplankton, benthic invertebrates and fish) in lakes. (mountainresearchinitiative.org)
  • We collected organisms covering whole lake food webs, such as phytoplankton, bacterioplankton, zooplankton, benthic animals and fish, as well as various carbon species, for the measurement of stable carbon isotope contents ( 12 C and 13 C) to identify the source and flow of organic matter in the lakes. (mountainresearchinitiative.org)
  • The results imply that organic matter supplied from surrounding terrestrial ecosystems supports lake food webs and drives organic matter transfer from lower to higher trophic level consumers in small mountain lakes. (mountainresearchinitiative.org)
  • They documented intense biological activities during polar night, implying that, despite the absence of primary production, many biological processes and trophic interactions are maintained on a similar level as in other seasons, based on stored, recycled, or advected energy sources (organic carbon). (springer.com)
  • It is not only the largest and, in terms of fish harvest, most productive of the four EBUS, implying exceptionally high trophic transfer efficiency. (ebus-climate-change.de)
  • Zooplankton (Z) graze on the phytoplankton population, and their mortality is modelled on the basis of linear and quadratic terms implying predation by unresolved higher tropic levels. (canada.ca)
  • thus, exerting high predation pressure on zooplankton. (barentsportal.com)
  • Young salmon including Chinook feed on microscopic zooplankton like krill and copepods seen on the right. (eopugetsound.org)
  • As such, most zooplankton are microscopic, but some, like jellyfish, are so large that they can be seen quite easily. (eopugetsound.org)
  • Most zooplankton are tiny, microscopic animals like copepods (left) but some, including jellyfish (middle), are large enough to be easily seen. (eopugetsound.org)
  • The froth of the wave sizzles green with the bioluminescence of phytoplankton, the microscopic marine plants that produce half the world's breathable air. (sagemagazine.org)
  • How does the competition between phytoplankton and bacteria for iron alter ocean biogeochemical cycles? (us-ocb.org)
  • In a recent study, Pham and colleagues used a global ocean ecosystem model to dive into how iron limits the growth of free-living marine bacteria, how bacteria modulate ocean iron cycling, and the consequences to marine ecosystems of the competition between bacteria and phytoplankton for iron. (us-ocb.org)
  • Bacteria act as an iron sink in the upper ocean due to their significant iron consumption, a rate comparable to phytoplankton. (us-ocb.org)
  • The competition between bacteria and phytoplankton for iron alters phytoplankton bloom dynamics, ocean carbon export, and the availability of dissolved organic carbon needed for bacterial growth. (us-ocb.org)
  • Coexisting ordinary and diazotrophic phytoplankton can exert strong control on N* in our simulations, which questions the interpretation of N* as reflecting the balance of N 2 fixation and denitrification. (copernicus.org)
  • We apply a coupled modelling system composed of a state-of-the-art hydrodynamical model and a low-complexity biogeochemical model to an idealized Iberian Peninsula upwelling system to identify the main drivers of dissolved-oxygen variability and to study its response to changes in the duration of the upwelling season and in the phytoplankton growth regime. (copernicus.org)
  • These findings help in disentangling the physical and biogeochemical controls of dissolved oxygen in upwelling systems and, together with projections of increased duration of upwelling seasons and phytoplankton community changes, suggest that the Iberian coastal upwelling region may become more vulnerable to hypoxia and deoxygenation. (copernicus.org)
  • In 2015, the first year of The Blob, rather than becoming a zooplankton desert, Puget Sound was full of copepods and other organisms. (eopugetsound.org)
  • Where zooplankton become vital is that they themselves are then eaten by a host of species, including some that humans care a lot about, like young salmon. (eopugetsound.org)
  • Seedlings were acclimated to prolonged HT by adjusting key hydraulic traits and increasing anisohydry strategies, but these traits were not coordinated, as some isohydric species had surprisingly high stem water potentials at 50% loss of xylem conductivity (P50) and some anisohydric species had negative safety margins. (authorea.com)
  • In addition to this, anisohydric species reduced stem water potential during drought and delayed recovery, while isohydric species experienced earlier reductions in photosynthesis and increased dieback at HT. (authorea.com)
  • Our findings highlight that hydraulic traits may acclimate to HT and reduce some of the additive effects during drought in anisohydric species, but hotter drought intensified soil and atmospheric drought and increased mortality in isohydric species. (authorea.com)
  • Eurythermal species such as bream, pike-perch and shad are on the increase. (wiser.eu)
  • The most obvious alterations encompass a decline in cold-stenothermal species, in particular in shallow lakes, an increase in eurythermal species even in deep, stratified lakes. (wiser.eu)
  • These findings indicate that the overall heterotrophic microbial activity in the deep sea is substantially lower than previously assumed, which implies major impacts on the carbon budget of the ocean's interior. (us-ocb.org)
  • Mortality from diseases such as Enteric Septicemia of Catfish (ESC) also increases dramatically at high feeding rates. (langston.edu)
  • When phytoplankton is dominated by groups less sensitive to nutrient inputs, growth rates decrease, and the coastal region becomes net heterotrophic. (copernicus.org)
  • An effective strategy for increasing the productivity of major crops under salt stress conditions is the development of transgenics that harbor genes responsible for salinity tolerance. (bvsalud.org)
  • It also displays a counterintuitive relationship between upwelling intensity and phytoplankton productivity. (ebus-climate-change.de)
  • We found that in the smallest lakes (area = ca. 10^2-10^3 m 2 ), 13 C contents of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon showed isotopic signatures close to terrestrial plants, implying that organic matter present in lake waters is predominantly of terrestrial origin and dissolved inorganic carbon (such as dissolved CO 2 ) is derived mainly from the decomposition of terrestrial organic matter. (mountainresearchinitiative.org)
  • This implies a rapid and efficient export of organic matter to depth. (copernicus.org)
  • The world has seen an increase in drought length and severity since the 1970s, and we can expect more of the same as Earth's temperatures increase by an estimated 1.1 to 6.4 degrees C (2 to 11.5 degrees F) over the next hundred years. (shellethics.com)
  • Allowing diazotrophs to grow (but not necessarily fix N 2 ) at similar temperatures as other phytoplankton results in a better representation of surface Chl and NPP in the Arctic and Antarctic oceans. (copernicus.org)
  • The FFGM-induced export increases in importance with depth, with a simulated transfer efficiency close to one. (copernicus.org)
  • Giant barrel sponges are leuconoid sponges: water travels through a network of chambers after entering the ostia and before exiting out the osculum, increasing the choanocytes' filtration efficiency. (animaldiversity.org)
  • In our simulations of summer upwelling, when the phytoplankton population is generally dominated by diatoms whose growth is boosted by nutrient input, net primary production and air-sea exchange compensate dissolved-oxygen depletion by offshore export over the shelf. (copernicus.org)
  • The overestimation of NPP at low latitudes indicates the need for improved representations of temperature effects on biotic processes, as well as phytoplankton community composition, which may be represented by locally varying parameters based on suitable trade-offs. (copernicus.org)
  • Zooplankton are critical to the marine food web, but until recently there have been few surveys of the zooplankton community in Puget Sound. (eopugetsound.org)
  • The program involves 12 partners from tribal, county, state, federal, academic, and non-profit entities that collaborate to sample the zooplankton community regularly at 16 sites throughout Puget Sound. (eopugetsound.org)
  • Surprisingly, the piezosensitive fraction (~10% of the total community) responds with a more than 100-fold increase of activity upon depressurization. (us-ocb.org)
  • The Puget Sound-Wide Zooplankton Monitoring Program was established as part of the Salish Sea Marine Survival Project in 2014 to monitor changes in zooplankton communities of Puget Sound. (eopugetsound.org)
  • Over the last century anthropogenic activities have rapidly increased the influx of metals and metalloids entering the marine environment, which can bioaccumulate and biomagnify in marine top consumers. (researchgate.net)
  • This means that warming will result in fish-mediated increase in eutrophication partly counteracting the effect of nutrient loading reduction. (wiser.eu)
  • Over the last five decades, extensive changes in the zooplankton communities in the North-East Atlantic and on the European shelves have taken place. (frontiersin.org)
  • Carbon budgets of Scotia Sea mesopelagic zooplankton and micronekton communities during austral spring. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Deep sea microbial communities are experiencing increasing hydrostatic pressure with depth. (us-ocb.org)
  • Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe and Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe biologists collect zooplankton from a Washington Dept of Fish and Wildlife boat in Admiralty Inlet for the Puget Sound Zooplankton Monitoring Program. (eopugetsound.org)
  • The increasing environmental impact of fish waste has attracted more attention towards developing simple, greener, and effective valorization methods. (eeer.org)
  • Using graded 7 - 8 inch fingerlings (75 - 130 pounds per thousand), in annual production systems, helps to ensure improved feed conversion and fewer under sized fish at harvest. (langston.edu)
  • Deep-dwelling zooplankton and phytoplankton did not occur 15 Myr ago, when the ocean was several degrees warmer than today. (copernicus.org)
  • Gelatinous zooplankton play a key role in the ocean carbon cycle. (copernicus.org)
  • Stronger upwelling-favourable winds will be counteracted by increased thermal stratification due to surface ocean warming, the net result of which is still uncertain and likely to differ regionally and seasonally. (ebus-climate-change.de)
  • thus this study contributes to improved constraints of the carbon budget in the region. (copernicus.org)
  • According to the obtained results, AA patients had an increased incidence of activating KIR and KIR2DS4 (P = 0.465 × 10-4, Pc = 0.837 × 10-3, OR = 20.81, 95% CI = 2.786-155.5) compared to controls. (bvsalud.org)
  • The bulk of heterotrophic activity under in situ pressure is always lower than under atmospheric pressure conditions and is increasingly inhibited with increasing hydrostatic pressure. (us-ocb.org)
  • TL1, TL2 and TL7 exhibited stable enhanced salt tolerance and improved agronomic traits when subjected to 300mM NaCl treatment. (bvsalud.org)
  • Seven years at sea have taught me that phytoplankton are essential to human existence, knowledge that only enhances the magic of seeing them strewn like glitter across the black sea. (sagemagazine.org)
  • By 2050 these dietary trends, if unchecked, would be a major contributor to an estimated 80% increase in global agricultural greenhouse gas emissions from food production and to global land clearing. (shellethics.com)
  • Phytoplankton growth and remineralization rates are temperature-dependent. (canada.ca)
  • We found that they contribute significantly to carbon export and that this contribution increases with depth. (copernicus.org)
  • A shorter upwelling duration causes a relaxation of upwelling winds and a decrease in offshore export, resulting in a slight increase of net dissolved-oxygen enrichment in the coastal region as compared to longer upwelling durations. (copernicus.org)
  • increasing demand for their human sustainable multi-purpose use, 3. (mdpi.com)
  • Additional information for the zooplankton monitoring projects funded in 2016 and 2020 is available on the Puget Sound National Estuary Program website . (eopugetsound.org)
  • For the past five years, annual catfish projects at Langston University were designed to evaluate bighead carp polyculture as a means to improve catfish production and pond water quality. (langston.edu)
  • The abundance of C. helgolandicus showed an increasing trend over the time period studied, apart from the last years. (frontiersin.org)
  • KEY MESSAGE: The salt-tolerance of transgenic soybean cleared for environmental release was improved by stable over-expression of AhBADH gene from Atriplex hortensis, which was demonstrated through molecular analysis and field experiments. (bvsalud.org)
  • Every year, teams of biologists would do biweekly zooplankton surveys from the spring through the fall, at points from the San Juans down to South Sound. (eopugetsound.org)
  • These fatty acids comprise carbon bonds in cis-or-trans configuration, where the cis fatty acids are preferable as they confer lower melting points and increased membrane fluidity [ 10 ]. (eeer.org)
  • With the help of multiple funding sources and partner cooperation, the zooplankton monitoring program has run continuously from 2014-2022, with a brief break in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. (eopugetsound.org)