• Therefore, an effective therapeutic strategy is required to prevent the onset of acute stroke and manage the chronic symptoms associated with neural ischemia, i.e., long-term neuroinflammation and localized necrosis [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Further insights into its molecular events indicate that the acute phase takes almost 2 weeks to complete after the incidence of the injury [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Graphical presentation of the various stages of cerebral ischemia stroke, i.e., acute phase, subacute phase, and chronic phase and their contributing factors. (hindawi.com)
  • Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole versus clopidogrel alone or aspirin and dipyridamole in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia (TARDIS): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 superiority trial. (mdrenalconsult.com)
  • MRLs can be derived for acute, intermediate, and chronic duration exposures for inhalation and oral routes. (cdc.gov)
  • Progenitor cell therapy is being investigated for the treatment of damaged myocardium resulting from acute or chronic cardiac ischemia and for refractory angina. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • For individuals who have acute cardiac ischemia who receive progenitor cell therapy, the evidence includes 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 200 patients, numerous small RCTs, and meta-analyses of these RCTs. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • Before ischemia, acute troglitazone treatment had no effect on LV function, electrocardiogram, or substrate utilization. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Acute treatment with troglitazone increases susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Duration of symptoms and detectable pathologic gland change determine whether the disease is acute, recurrent, or chronic. (mhmedical.com)
  • In acute pancreatitis (AP), severe, systemic inflammation leads to microvascular ischemia and obstruction of the pancreatic acini, but the process is self-limited. (mhmedical.com)
  • Whereas coma and seizures are well-recognized neurological sequelae of hypoglycaemia, much interest is currently focused on the potential for hypoglycaemia to cause dangerous and life-threatening cardiac complications, such as arrhythmias and myocardial ischaemia, and whether recurrent severe hypoglycaemia can cause permanent cognitive impairment or promote cognitive decline and accelerate the onset of dementia in middle-aged and elderly people with diabetes mellitus. (nature.com)
  • Increased risk of arrhythmias, secondary to: hypertrophy, hypoxemia, fatty infiltration of the cardiac conduction system, diuretics (which can lead to hypokalemia), increased incidence coronary artery disease (CAD), increased catecholamines, sleep apnea. (medicine-handbook.com)
  • Hypoxia causes pulmonary vasoconstriction and increased pulmonary pressure, compounding the risk of myocardial ischemia and arrhythmias. (latestfashiontips.com)
  • We previously demonstrated that chronic pretreatment with a thiazolidinedione peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ activator, troglitazone, improves recovery of left ventricular (LV) function and substrate metabolism after ischemia and reperfusion, without causing arrhythmias. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cause of coronary ischemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Coronary ischemia and coronary artery disease are contributors to the development of heart failure over time. (wikipedia.org)
  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) occurs when fatty substances, known as plaques, adhere to the walls of coronary arteries supplying the heart, narrowing them and constricting blood flow, a process known as atherosclerosis, the most common cause of coronary ischemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Coronary ischemia resulting from coronary artery disease also increases the risk of developing heart failure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Type I silent ischemia occurs in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease, which do not experience angina at any time in any of its recognized form. (edu.pk)
  • This type of ischemia is also known as silent ischemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • The second and much more frequent form designated type II silent ischemia, occur in usual form of chronic stable angina, unstable angina and Prinzmetal angina 2 . (edu.pk)
  • Recently, popularized ambulatory ECG in studies to detect ischemia has revealed much higher incidence of silent ischemia. (edu.pk)
  • Preproliferative retinopathy-This may include cotton wool spots, (areas of retinal ischaemia /infarction), venous abnormalities. (ukessays.com)
  • Central RVO (CRVO) impedes blood supply leading to retinal ischaemia, edema and significant ocular morbidity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Over the last decade, improvements in surgical techniques, lung preservation, immunosuppression, and management of ischaemia/reperfusion injury and infections have made intermediate-term survival after lung transplantation an achievable goal. (ersjournals.com)
  • Over the last decade, improvements in surgical techniques, lung preservation, immunosuppression, and management of ischaemia/reperfusion injury and infections have contributed to increase the 1‐yr patient survival after lung transplantation (LTx) to 70-80% 1 . (ersjournals.com)
  • The first is the ARREST (Advanced Reperfusion Strategies for Refractory Cardiac Arrest) trial [ 20 ], which included adult patients with refractory ventricular fibrillation out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who had estimated transfer times to the University of Minnesota medical center of less than 30 minutes. (ceemjournal.org)
  • Anesthetized pigs underwent 90 min of regional LV ischemia and 90 min of reperfusion. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Dexmedetomidine is widely used for perioperative anesthesia/analgesia, and may have a more profound renal protection by stabilizing the sympathetic system, exerting anti-inflammatory effects and attenuating ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. (medscape.com)
  • The endpoint of the study was to observe major adverse cardiac events (MACE), which includes myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac death, and ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization (ID-TLR). (journalcra.com)
  • Background: This study aimed to analyse the incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after malignant tumour resection and cervical lymphatic dissection in older adults undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery. (researchsquare.com)
  • IV lidocaine can significantly reduce the amount of propofol, the incidence of hypoxia and postoperative pain during gastroscopy in elderly patients, with a higher patient and gastroscopist satisfaction. (dovepress.com)
  • The primary outcome was less than 3 times of rescue analgesic administration (%) in the ward for 5 postoperative days. (anesth-pain-med.org)
  • Hospital stay and incidence of postoperative morbidity were similar in both groups. (anesth-pain-med.org)
  • However, postoperative parameters including MV duration, ICU stay and hospital LOS appeared to be no significant decrease as a result of the dexmedetomidine use. (medscape.com)
  • [ 25 ] For this reason, strategies to lower the incidence of postoperative AKI are of high interest to clinicians. (medscape.com)
  • Vascular congestion and poor perfusion lead to hypoxia and tissue ischaemia. (vin.com)
  • Background: Laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy is becoming increasingly popular as it has been shown to minimize donor morbidity, length of hospital stay and length of time to return to work. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Examination of the brain showed diffuse cerebral edema, and cerebellar arachnoid hemorrhages most likely due to the prolonged cerebral ischemia. (hawaii.edu)
  • Among patients with recent cerebral ischaemia, intensive antiplatelet therapy did not reduce the incidence and severity of recurrent stroke or TIA, but did significantly increase the risk of major bleeding. (mdrenalconsult.com)
  • Intravenous (IV) lidocaine during surgery can reduce the demand for propofol and the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications. (dovepress.com)
  • The emphasis is on early application of currently available measures that, if systematically applied, may reduce the incidence or severity of these complications. (cdc.gov)
  • The duration of the chronic phase could take months to years after stroke and may last for the rest of the patient's life along with its neuro-damaging sequel [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Indeed, CAN is related to silent myocardial ischemia, stroke, postural hypotension, exercise intolerance and enhanced intraoperative instability [ 9 ]. (e-dmj.org)
  • Some studies report that POCD still exists at three months after surgery, and can progress from chronic disease to long-term cognitive impairment [5].At the same time, POCD has the same pathological manifestations as dementia (Alzheimer Dementia, AD). (researchsquare.com)
  • For individuals who have chronic cardiac ischemia who receive progenitor cell therapy, the evidence includes a nonrandomized comparative trial and systematic reviews of smaller RCTs. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • In refractory cases, invasive procedures such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) may be performed to relieve coronary ischemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the twist is sufficient to obstruct arterial inflow (and prevent venous blood return), testicular ischemia results, most likely as a consequence of increased intratesticular pressure. (medscape.com)
  • Diagnosis of coronary ischemia is achieved by an attaining a medical history and physical examination in addition to other tests such as electrocardiography (ECG), stress testing, and coronary angiography. (wikipedia.org)
  • The working diagnosis at the time of death was cardiopulmonary failure secondary to overwhelming sepsis. (hawaii.edu)
  • A total of 272 cases of MRONJ (35% women, 32% men, and 32% with no gender reported) with a mean age of 66 years at the time of diagnosis were included. (frontiersin.org)
  • The time between transplantation and onset of BOS can range from a few months to several years, but in most series, the median time to diagnosis is 16-20 months. (ersjournals.com)
  • While 70% of adults with CP report a history of alcohol abuse, the etiology in children varies significantly, and the time between onset of symptoms and diagnosis can be months if not years. (mhmedical.com)
  • Thus, nocturnal apnea decreases cardiac output and increases left ventricular filling pressures, predisposing to nocturnal myocardial ischemia and pulmonary edema. (latestfashiontips.com)
  • With the same degree of left ventricular dysfunction, patients with central apnea have a greater incidence of hyperventilation and are more hypocapnic than those without central apnea when either asleep or awake. (latestfashiontips.com)
  • These events can occur at any time during use and without warning symptoms. (drugs.com)
  • When this exceesds the CPP, capillary collapse with ensuing muscle and nerve ischaemia occur. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • Background: The incidence of delirium is high in older patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). (mdpi.com)
  • Several clinical studies suggest a higher incidence of POCD in older patients at approximately 3-61% [3,4]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Shorter durations of DAPT are possible, particularly in high-bleeding-risk patients. (mdrenalconsult.com)
  • Cette étude a permis de déterminer la fréquence et l'étiologie de l'insuffisance rénale aiguë chez des patients hospitalisés en Arabie saoudite sur une période de 2 ans. (who.int)
  • CAN affects at least 20% of unselected patients, and this incidence raises up to 65% of subjects with either increasing age or long diabetes duration [ 2 - 4 ]. (e-dmj.org)
  • Incidence of "halothane hepatitis" is allegedly higher in obese patients. (medicine-handbook.com)
  • 12 , 13 Several prospective studies have documented increased incidence of HIV infection among patients with syphilis and, conversely, increased incidence of syphilis among HIV-infected persons. (glowm.com)
  • At 2.0 ± 1.5 years follow-up, the total incidence of MACE occurred in 36 (7.71%) patients which include 2 (0.43%) MI, 30 (6.42%) cardiac deaths and 4 (0.86%) ID-TLR. (journalcra.com)
  • The median courses of indomethacin were 1.77, congestive heart failure was shown in 11 patients (84.62%), the median age at surgery was 27.69 days and the median duration of orotracheal intubation was 22.62 days. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chances of survival after cardiac arrest decrease rapidly as the duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) increases [ 7 - 9 ]. (ceemjournal.org)
  • When oxygen supply to the heart is unable to keep up with oxygen demand from the muscle, the result is the characteristic symptoms of coronary ischemia, the most common of which is chest pain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Medications such as nitrates and beta-blockers may be useful for reducing the symptoms of coronary ischemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • The duration of symptoms is less than 48 hours in approximately 80% of adults but tends to be longer in elderly persons and in those with perforation. (medscape.com)
  • The most important clinical association of Kawasaki disease is cardiac disease (incidence roughly 30%), and early studies report a 2% mortality rate secondary to sudden cardiac death. (hawaii.edu)
  • However, effective dose and appropriate time of MSCs delivery are the main challenges in the clinical translation of stem cell therapy. (hindawi.com)
  • Clinical syndrome resulting from such ischemia is manifested by sudden cardiac death. (edu.pk)
  • Cortical and sulcal hyperintensity on gadolinium-enhanced FLAIR is significantly associated with procedural time, and the frequency of angiographic runs suggesting a potential technical influence on the breakdown of the BBB, but no reported adverse clinical outcome or association with both iodinated contrast medium volume and DWI lesions was found. (ajnr.org)
  • Proliferative retinopathy-This indicates severe ischaemia of the retina leading to new vessel formation in the optic disc or in the periphery of the retina or iris. (ukessays.com)
  • Several studies suggest that identifying suitable ECPR candidates and reducing the time from cardiac arrest to ECMO initiation are key to successful outcomes. (ceemjournal.org)
  • ECMO effectively restores vital organ perfusion, facilitating ROSC and buying time to identify and treat the underlying cause of cardiac arrest. (ceemjournal.org)
  • Interrogation of the pacemaker demonstrated right ventricular pacing 98% of the time. (shmabstracts.org)
  • Prevention of hypoglycaemia is an important part of diabetes mellitus management and strategies include patient education, glucose monitoring, appropriate adjustment of diet and medications in relation to everyday circumstances including physical exercise, and the application of new technologies such as real-time continuous glucose monitoring, modified insulin pumps and the artificial pancreas. (nature.com)
  • According to standard cardiac autonomic reflex tests (CARTs), the CAN prevalence is reported about 7% in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and increases with diabetes duration by 4.6% to 6% per year [ 2 , 5 ]. (e-dmj.org)
  • The increase in the incidence of diabetes mel itus has led n t e g r a t i v e R to public health consequences. (bvsalud.org)
  • Muchos individuos con diabetes pierden sensibilidad y pueden desarrollar deformidades en los pies, dando lugar al pie diabético. (bvsalud.org)
  • METHODS: In a telephone survey, a random sample of Iranian drivers were asked to report their age, gender, vehicle age, whether their vehicles were equipped with anti-lock braking system (ABS), average daily drive time (DDT), whether they smoked cigarette or waterpipe, whether they had diabetes mellitus (DM), number of traffic crashes during the last calendar year and whether the crash involved a pedestrian or another vehicle. (who.int)
  • It is well known that CAN incidence is influenced by diabetic disease duration, patient age, glycaemic control, and concomitant metabolic syndrome features [ 6 , 7 ]. (e-dmj.org)
  • 1 A female:male ratio of 9:1 is reported, with peak age of onset between 15 and 40 years, 2 although cases may present anytime in childhood through advanced age, at which time female-to-male ratios are approximately 2:1. (lww.com)
  • In analyses with race categories that were not mutually exclusive, including persons of one race alone or in combination with one or more races, Pacific Islander persons, who account for 5% of Hawaii's population, represented 22% of COVID-19 cases and deaths (COVID-19 incidence of 7,070 and mortality rate of 150). (cdc.gov)
  • Native Hawaiian persons experienced an incidence of 1,181 and a mortality rate of 15. (cdc.gov)
  • [6] A March 2021 Los Angeles Times cover story illustrated the efficacy of ECMO in an extremely challenging COVID patient. (wikipedia.org)
  • Incidence of Definite Stent Thrombosis within 1 year. (who.int)
  • 13] Factors to consider when assessing management options include etiology, duration, extent of paronychial involvement, and associated risk factors present such as contact with oral secretions or exposure to animals. (medscape.com)
  • We conducted a 10-year study in France (January 2001-April 2010) to investigate the incidence of and risk factors for ESBLE infections after liver transplant. (cdc.gov)
  • An MRL is defined as an estimate of daily human exposure to a substance that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of adverse effects (noncarcinogenic) over a specified duration of exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Relative risk of IOP rise with IVTA is 2.4 times higher compared to IVD. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ischemia is the most common cause of cardiovascular disease and myocardial damage in the developed world. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • The incidence of PICM varies between 10 to 26% as there is variation in the definition, population, and follow-up period. (shmabstracts.org)
  • LOAELs or NOAELs should also help in determining whether or not the effects vary with dose and/or duration, and place into perspective the possible significance of these effects to human health. (cdc.gov)
  • Atracurium: dose/total wt-recovery time is unaffected. (medicine-handbook.com)
  • Thiopental: highly lipophilic-use higher absolute dose-expect longer duration of action. (medicine-handbook.com)
  • Rather, its genotoxic effects are limited to indirect clastogenicity occurring in select cell types, and only when high dose and time thresholds are exceeded. (cdc.gov)
  • 2 The estimated global incidence rate of TB (110 per 100 000 annual reduction in the TB incidence rate in Airin during population in 2015) should be accelerated from 2%/year 2013-2018 was 5%, 2 similar to the national average. (who.int)
  • If coronary ischemia is suspected, a series of tests will be undertaken for confirmation. (wikipedia.org)
  • This report was undertaken to tion, duration of renal failure and having study the pattern of ARF in hospitalized pa- concomitant liver disease were included tients in southern Saudi Arabia. (who.int)
  • 11] The proximal nail fold (PNF), the lateral nail fold (LNF), and the cuticle are progressively damaged over time. (medscape.com)
  • The mean follow-up duration of this study was 2 years. (journalcra.com)
  • METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal analysis using data from the Women's Health Initiative Myocardial Ischemia and Migraine Study. (cdc.gov)
  • Slight chemical alterations to the compounds have imparted beneficial characteristics, including increased duration and potency, to each. (medscape.com)
  • AKI is a common complication with an estimated incidence about 7% to 45% in adult cardiac surgery. (medscape.com)
  • 30 minutes infusion time. (aetna.com)
  • Fifteen pigs were treated with troglitazone (10 mg/kg load, 5 mg · kg −1 · h −1 infusion i.v.) beginning 1 h before ischemia. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • [ 3 ] Time wasted attempting to arrange for imaging studies, laboratory testing, or other diagnostic procedures results in the loss of testicular tissue. (medscape.com)
  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is thought to be an optical analog of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) with 10 times higher resolution (10-15 m) and rapid pullback (2-3 cm/sec) with greater accuracy in the measurement compared with IVUS and angiography. (cardiologyonline.com)