• mosquitoes are widely distributed in Africa and can serve as vectors of dengue virus (DENV). (cdc.gov)
  • To estimate the extent of DENV infection and dengue in Africa, we reviewed published literature and other sources for reports of this disease in persons 1iving in or traveling to this region. (cdc.gov)
  • We conducted an expanded blinded panel study to characterize and compare the analytical performance of fifteen diagnostic and blood screening ZIKV NAT assays, including detection among single- and multiplex assays detecting ZIKV, dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV). (bvsalud.org)
  • Module A contained serum samples spiked with cultured dengue virus (DENV) or chikungunya virus (CHIKV) for the detection of nucleic acid and DENV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen. (who.int)
  • Among 20 laboratories testing Module A, 17 (85%) correctly detected DENV RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 18 (90%) correctly determined serotype and 19 (95%) correctly identified CHIKV by RT-PCR. (who.int)
  • suggested that there are 390 million dengue virus (DENV) infections per year, of which 96 million manifest clinically. (who.int)
  • The four dengue serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4) circulate throughout the Americas, and in some countries simultaneously. (paho.org)
  • Dengue virus (DENV) is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. (frontiersin.org)
  • Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) share a lot of similarities being both phylogenetically closely related, share the same insect vector passage for reaching the host, affinity for the same carbohydrate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The presence of disease and high prevalence of antibody to dengue virus in limited serologic surveys suggest endemic dengue virus infection in all or many parts of Africa. (cdc.gov)
  • METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Specific objectives were to assess the assay's ability to detect YF virus strains in human serum from YF-endemic regions, determine the potential for interference and cross-reactions, verify the performance claims as stated by the manufacturer, and assess usability. (cdc.gov)
  • CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: The RealStar Yellow Fever Virus RT-PCR kit 1.0 has performance characteristics consistent with the manufacturer's claims and is suitable for use in YF-endemic regions. (cdc.gov)
  • Dengue is endemic to the tropical regions of the world in latitudes from about 35 ° north to 35 ° south. (msdmanuals.com)
  • An important difference to note, however, was that the Zika epidemic diffused in a shorter time span compared to the persisting feature of Dengue infections, which is endemic in many Asian countries. (frontiersin.org)
  • Zika virus (ZIKV) has been presumed to be endemic in Southeast Asia (SEA), with a low rate of human infections. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The meetings provided up-to-date information on the current situation and agreed on a set of actions for the countries to undertake to enhance their preparedness and response capacities to Zika virus infection and its complications. (who.int)
  • CDC used data from population-based birth defects surveillance programs to assess the prevalence of birth defects during 2013-2014 that met the surveillance case definition for birth defects potentially related to Zika virus infection, before introduction of Zika virus into the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • After introduction of Zika virus, the proportion of infants and fetuses with birth defects born to mothers with laboratory evidence of possible Zika infection reported by the US Zika Pregnancy Registry during January 15-September 22, 2016, was approximately 20 times higher than the prevalence of potentially Zika-related birth defects among pregnancies during the pre-Zika years. (cdc.gov)
  • New data reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggest that the incubation period for Zika virus-or the time between infection and showing symptoms-is estimated at 3-14 days. (cdc.gov)
  • The incidence of coxsackievirus B infection in neonates is 1 in 2000 live births. (medscape.com)
  • Women aged 40-79 years with suspected cases were more likely to test positive for Zika virus infection than those in males in the same age group. (cdc.gov)
  • We propose that additional investigation into the role of ADCP in protective viral responses, the specific virus epitopes targeted by ADCP antibodies, and the types of phagocytes and Fc receptors involved in ADCP at sites of virus infection will provide insight into strategies to successfully leverage this important immune response for improved antiviral immunity through rational vaccine design. (frontiersin.org)
  • Following infection with one serotype, subsequent infection with a different serotype increases a person's risk of severe dengue and death. (paho.org)
  • When the Zika epidemic spread through the American continent and then later to Africa and Asia in 2015, researchers compared the characteristics of the Zika infection to Dengue, considering both these viruses were transmitted primarily through the same vector, the Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Given that these enhanced responses are triggered by failed attempts to control the infecting virus, VAED typically presents with symptoms related to the target organ of the infection pathogen. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
  • Thus, the incidence of infection with these five viruses is generally lowest in industrialized and developed countries and highest in less-developed regions. (nationalacademies.org)
  • The ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant within a cell (latent infection). (lookformedical.com)
  • Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In contrast, at lower doses mice were able to clear the inoculum from the liver and spleen over a 3- to 4-week period, but persistence of the organism at other sites resulted in a chronic infection of between 2 and 16 months duration which was eventually lethal in all of the animals tested. (tropmedres.ac)
  • Neutralization of either tumor necrosis factor alpha or interleukin-12 but not granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, also increased susceptibility to infection in vivo. (tropmedres.ac)
  • there is an incomplete understanding of the cellular factors that contribute to the herpes virus infection. (cmvpromotor.com)
  • based genetic screen to identify factors of new host cells is required for β-herpes virus infection of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV). (cmvpromotor.com)
  • We found that the removal of damage early Nrp-1 virus gene expression and reduce the rate of infection in endothelial cells, fibroblasts and macrophages. (cmvpromotor.com)
  • Furthermore, preincubation with soluble Nrp virus-1 infection by reducing dramatically inhibit virus attachment. (cmvpromotor.com)
  • Early detection of Zika virus (ZIKV) transmission within geographic regions informs implementation of community mitigation measures such as vector reduction strategies, travel advisories, enhanced surveillance among pregnant women, and possible implementation of blood and organ donor screening or deferral. (bvsalud.org)
  • Standardized, comparative assessments of ZIKV assay and testing lab performance are important to develop optimal approaches to ZIKV diagnostic testing and surveillance. (bvsalud.org)
  • Similar analytical sensitivity for ZIKV RNA detection in singleplex and multiplex assays of the Grifols and ThermoFisher tests were observed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Since the Zika virus (ZIKV) was first the health ministries of the 22 Members preparedness measures. (who.int)
  • 7,8 That may also be the case for Zika virus (ZIKV), a flavivirus that was detected in Asia in the 1960s but has recently emerged in the Pacific and the Americas. (who.int)
  • Positive and equivocal samples were confirmed for anti-ZIKV-neutralizing antibodies by virus neutralization tests. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Zika virus seroprevalence observed in the studied blood donors was low, 4.5% in 2003-2004 with an increase in 2015 to 9.9% (P = 0.002), possibly reflecting the increase of ZIKV incident cases reported over this period. (ox.ac.uk)
  • TWiV 1047: Long COVID and avian flu in ferrets September 24, 2023 TWiV explains a study of postacute sequelae of COVID-19 at 2 years, and airborne transmission of human-isolated avian H3N8 influenza virus between ferrets. (microbe.tv)
  • TWiV 1045: Less Lassa, CRISPR RNA viruses September 17, 2023 TWiV reviews a Lassa virus mRNA vaccine that confers protection against disease without inducing neutralizing antibodies, and a CRISPR-based method for engineering the genome of RNA viruses. (microbe.tv)
  • Matters Microbial #18: The Perfect Predator: Why Phage is Rage November 30, 2023 Today Dr. Steffanie Strathdee, Associate Dean of Global Health Sciences at UC San Diego and Co-Director at the Center for Innovative Phage Applications and Therapeutics, will chat with us about how bacteriophages-viruses that attack bacteria-changed her life and are becoming part of our future. (microbe.tv)
  • TWiEVO 95: Watering the viruses until they bloom November 14, 2023 Nels and Vincent discuss how the rewetting of seasonally dried soils, a critical event in Mediterranean grasslands that reactivates dormant soil microorganisms, leading to pulses of carbon and nitrogen mineralization, and is accompanied by a bloom of viral diversity, followed by extensive viral community turnover. (microbe.tv)
  • Although sporadic cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) have been reported in a few countries in Africa, no outbreaks have been reported ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Dengue can also cause potentially fatal hemorrhagic fever with a bleeding tendency and shock. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Treatment is symptomatic and, for dengue hemorrhagic fever, includes meticulously adjusted intravascular volume replacement. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 1 Estimated to bear around 70% of the global burden, the Asia Pacific region (comprising the World Health Organization [WHO] South-East Asia and Western Pacific Regions) is an area of high dengue activity with multiple and large outbreaks occurring yearly. (who.int)
  • In the Western Pacific Region in 2014 alone, there were outbreaks involving 1513 dengue cases in Solomon Islands, 2 45 171 cases in China and 108 698 cases in Malaysia. (who.int)
  • Dengue and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Africa. (cdc.gov)
  • The causative agents, enveloped single-strand RNA viruses from the genus Flavivirus with 4 serotypes, are transmitted by the bite of Aedes mosquitoes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Aedes mosquitoes may acquire the virus when they feed on humans during this period. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The introduction of the naturally occurring wMel Wolbachia strain into Aedes aegypti mosquitoes has been shown to reduce the ability of the mosquitoes to transmit dengue and other viruses. (mvcac.org)
  • In the Americas, Aedes aegypti is the mosquito vector that is the main source of dengue transmission. (paho.org)
  • Dengue is a disease transmitted by mosquitoes, with the primary vector being the Aedes Aegypti mosquito. (frontiersin.org)
  • Загальні відомості про арбовірусні, аренавірусні та філовірусні інфекції Arbovirus (arthropod-borne virus) applies to any virus that is transmitted to humans and/or other vertebrates by certain species of blood-feeding arthropods, chiefly insects (flies and mosquitoes). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Included within the series are papers on orbiviruses transmitted by Culicoides, lesser known viruses transmitted by mosquitoes including Cache Valley, Everglades, Jamestown Canyon, and LaCrosse, and recently discovered viruses transmitted by ticks including Bourbon, Heartland, Colorado tick fever, and Powassan. (mvcac.org)
  • Molecular screening of dengue virus in mosquitoes collected from field for early warning signals. (ncdc.gov.in)
  • Antiviral activities of antibodies may either be dependent only on interactions between the antibody and cognate antigen, as in binding and neutralization of an infectious virion, or instead may require interactions between antibody-antigen immune complexes and immunoproteins or Fc receptor expressing immune effector cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • A cheaper and simpler approach is to use immunology-based methods to screen vertebrate hosts for TBEV-specific antibodies and subsequently test the tick populations at locations with seropositive animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The serum neutralization test confirmed that 70 of the 173 ELISA-positive sera had neutralizing antibodies against TBEV. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The combined approach of screening vertebrate hosts for TBEV-specific antibodies followed by testing the local tick population for TBEV allowed us to detect two new TBEV foci in the canton of Valais. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The spike (S) protein found on the surface of the causative agent, the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been the prime target for current vaccine research since antibodies directed against the S protein were found to neutralize the virus. (mdpi.com)
  • In the first phase test of the two vaccines, high titers of neutralizing antibodies can be induced, and strong CD4+ and CD8+ reactions are produced, accompanied by mild to moderate adverse reactions. (medicaltrend.org)
  • 11 It is also possible that prior immunisation with yellow fever virus or JEV vaccine may induce cross-reactive antibodies. (mja.com.au)
  • 38 Neutralisation tests or an epitope-blocking ELISA can help identify MVEV-specific antibodies. (mja.com.au)
  • 2 Kitasato Shibasaburo first isolated Clostridium tetani from humans in 1891 later demonstrated how the bacteria produced disease when subjected to animals and also demonstrated the neutralization of toxin by specific antibodies. (pediatriconcall.com)
  • Background: Maternal immunisation to boost respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibodies in pregnant women, is a strategy being considered to enhance infant protection from severe RSV associated disease. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Methods: Using a plaque reduction neutralization assay, we screened 400 pairs of cord and maternal serum specimens from pregnant women for RSV-specific antibodies. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The performance of the nanoribbon biosensor upon the use of two different types of molecular probes - the antibodies and the aptamers against HCVcoreAg - has been tested. (preprints.org)
  • Recent advances in rapid COVID test methods have been realized via a research collaboration in Singapore, where collaborators have developed a rapid test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibodies. (rapidmicromethods.com)
  • Population-based studies of febrile illness are needed to determine the epidemiology and true incidence of dengue in Africa. (cdc.gov)
  • In Africa, the epidemiology and public health effect of dengue is not clear. (cdc.gov)
  • However, when compared with the Asia-Pacific and Americas-Caribbean regions, the epidemiology and effect of dengue in Africa has not been defined. (cdc.gov)
  • This paper is the introduction to Special Collection of 10 papers on the epidemiology and ecology of emerging and lesser-known viruses of public and veterinary importance within the United States. (mvcac.org)
  • An important person in the story is Max Theiler, who was Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health at Yale from 1964-67, and whose work on virus attenuation created the modern vaccine and earned him the Nobel Prize. (brewminate.com)
  • Each belongs to an entirely different family of viruses, and they have very little in common except the target organ they affect, the liver, and a certain degree of shared epidemiology. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Changes in human ecology and behavior have had discernable effects on the epidemiology of the hepatitis viruses in different ways and to different degrees. (nationalacademies.org)
  • It is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito infected with one of the four serotypes of dengue virus. (paho.org)
  • Low Zika Virus Seroprevalence in Vientiane, Laos, 2003-2015. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Dengue is likely underrecognized and underreported in Africa because of low awareness by health care providers, other prevalent febrile illnesses, and lack of diagnostic testing and systematic surveillance. (cdc.gov)
  • We assessed predominantly pediatric patients in Vietnam with dengue and other febrile illness 3 months after acute illness. (researchgate.net)
  • 20 Adverse reactions include local tenderness, and, infrequently, fever, "most= often [affecting] people who have had no exposure to the influenza virus antigens in the vaccine (e.g. small children). (faqs.org)
  • Together, this information appraises the current understanding of both Zika and Dengue infections, providing insights for future vaccine design approaches against both viruses. (frontiersin.org)
  • Most SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates produce an immune response to the spike protein on the surface of the virus. (medicaltrend.org)
  • Classic examples of VAED are atypical measles and enhanced respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) occurring after administration of inactivated vaccine for these pathogens. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
  • 2018. Precursor Frequency and Affinity Determine B Cell Competitive Fitness in Germinal Centers, Tested with Germline-Targeting HIV Vaccine Immunogens. (bu.edu)
  • As part of a body's natural immune response, NAbs are generated by either exposure to the virus or a vaccine. (rapidmicromethods.com)
  • d WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus Reference and Research (Dengue/Severe Dengue), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (who.int)
  • Healthcare providers can answer questions about pregnant patients and, based on the responses, receive information regarding the type of testing indicated as well as clinical management recommendations. (cdc.gov)
  • The 2012 WNV season in the United States saw a massive spike in the number of neuroinvasive cases and deaths similar to what was seen in the 2002-2003 season, according to the West Nile virus disease cases and deaths reported to the CDC by year and clinical presentation, 1999-2012, by ArboNET (Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). (mdpi.com)
  • Clinical symptoms resemble dengue, and while chikungunya is a generally milder disease, debilitating sequelae such as persistent arthralgia have been reported in 36-64% of cases. (who.int)
  • To confirm the dengue out-break from suspected clinical samples with the help of molecular diagnostic test (PCR/RT-PCR). (ncdc.gov.in)
  • Despite revised clinical classifications of dengue infections by the World Health Organization, the wide spectrum of the manifestations of dengue illness continues to pose challenges in diagnosis and patient management for clinicians. (frontiersin.org)
  • Challenges in the management of strongyloidiasis arise from wide ranging clinical presentations, lack of practical high sensitivity diagnostic tests, and a fatal outcome in immunocompromised hosts. (bvsalud.org)
  • Merlin HCMV HCMV clinical isolates strain and 1612 strain used in the NT test with plaque reduction test, in which both the MRC-5 fibroblasts cells and RPE-1 epithelial cells are used. (cmvpromotor.com)
  • 2016 . Zika virus . (ajtmh.org)
  • 2016 . Evidence-based risk assessment and communication: a new global dengue-risk map for travellers and clinicians . (ajtmh.org)
  • ABSTRACT Following the WHO declaration on 1 February 2016 of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) with regard to clusters of microcephaly and neurological disorders potentially associated with Zika virus, the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean conducted three rounds of emergency meetings to address enhancing preparedness actions in the Region. (who.int)
  • Among 28,219 nonpregnant persons with laboratory evidence of Zika virus disease identified in Puerto Rico during November 1, 2015-October 20, 2016, incidence was highest among women aged 20-49 years. (cdc.gov)
  • PAHO/WHO provides advice and technical support for dengue prevention and control based on a regional strategy adopted by PAHO / WHO member States in 2016, called the " Strategy for arboviral disease prevention and control " (CD55.R6). (paho.org)
  • Over the past 5 decades, cases of epidemic or sporadic dengue have been reported in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • 28 Indeed, by the time neurological symptoms develop, PCR testing of serum or CSF often returns a negative result. (mja.com.au)
  • Dengue has emerged in recent decades as a worldwide public health problem, particularly in the Asia-Pacific and Americas-Caribbean regions ( 1 - 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Standard Precautions should be used to protect healthcare personnel from all infectious disease transmission, including Zika virus. (cdc.gov)
  • Довідковий матеріал Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease caused by a flavivirus. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The disease can evolve into severe dengue, characterized by shock, shortness of breath, severe bleeding and / or complications in the organs. (paho.org)
  • Dengue is a major public health concern, affecting almost 400 million people worldwide, with about 70% of the global burden of disease in Asia. (frontiersin.org)
  • This review discusses similarities between Dengue and Zika infections, comparing their disease transmissions and vectors involved, and both the innate and adaptive immune responses in these infections. (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, a summary of the immune biomarkers that have been reported for dengue and Zika viral infections are discussed which may be useful indicators for future anti-viral targets or predictors for disease severity. (frontiersin.org)
  • The potential for vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 to be associated with disease enhancement is of theoretical concern, given similar observations with other respiratory viruses in general, and in animal models of highly pathogenic coronaviruses in particular [14] . (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
  • Virus shedding is an important means of vertical transmission (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL). (lookformedical.com)
  • However, human-positive control sera reactive to viruses in the serogroup are scarce because detection of recent infections is rare. (cdc.gov)
  • Infections can be caused by a wide range of pathogens, most prominently bacteria and viruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Consideration of the genetic identity of both the Dengue and Zika flaviviruses as well as the cross-reactivity of relevant T cells along with the actions of CD4+ cytotoxic cells in these infections are also presented. (frontiersin.org)
  • To conduct an external quality assessment (EQA) of dengue and chikungunya diagnostics among national-level public health laboratories in the Asia Pacific region following the first round of EQA for dengue diagnostics in 2013. (who.int)
  • Twenty-four national-level public health laboratories performed routine diagnostic assays on a proficiency testing panel consisting of two modules. (who.int)
  • In 2008, PAHO / WHO Member States established a Network of Dengue Laboratories of the Americas (RELDA), to strengthen technical capacities for diagnosing dengue. (paho.org)
  • 29 , 37 Most reference laboratories have developed in-house MVEV serological tests that can detect total antibody by haemagglutination inhibition, IgG by immunofluorescence assays (IFA) or enzyme immunoassays (EIA), and IgM by IFA or EIA. (mja.com.au)
  • Despite the availability of various COVID-19 diagnostic tests, the detection of SARs-CoV-2 NAbs is still generally conducted at hospitals and specialised diagnostic laboratories. (rapidmicromethods.com)
  • Referred and suspected cases of HBV and HCV from different hospitals of Delhi and adjoining areas were confirmed by molecular diagnostic test (PCR/RT-PCR)targeting surface gene, core gene and 5'UTR gene region. (ncdc.gov.in)
  • To indicate the dengue virus type and genotype of the Dengue out-break with the help of molecular characterization and genotyping of dengue virus based on gene sequencing. (ncdc.gov.in)
  • Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response. (lookformedical.com)
  • The illness can evolve to severe dengue, characterized by shock, respiratory distress, severe bleeding, and/or serious organ impairment. (paho.org)
  • The notion that rubella wasonly a mild illness of children was dispelled in 1941, whenNorman Gregg, an Australian ophthalmic surgeon, reportedthe devastating teratogenic effects of the virus (47). (vdocuments.net)
  • The virus has an incubation time of 1 week in the gastrointestinal tract and then, through hematogenous dissemination, involves the target organs, most commonly the skeletal muscles but also the central nervous system (CNS) (ie, meningitis, encephalitis) and myocardium (ie, carditis with or without associated pericarditis). (medscape.com)
  • The virus has an incubation time of 1 week in the gastrointestinal tract and then, through hematogenous dissemination, involves the target organs, most commonly the skeletal muscles but also the CNS (ie, meningitis, encephalitis) and myocardium (ie, carditis with or without associated pericarditis). (medscape.com)
  • A pregnant woman can pass the dengue virus to her fetus during pregnancy or around the time of birth, although the rate of vertical transmission appears low (see World Health Organization [WHO]: Dengue and severe dengue ). (msdmanuals.com)
  • The number of NAbs present in individuals indicate if they possess protective immunity to the virus and their probability of experiencing severe outcomes should they be infected. (rapidmicromethods.com)
  • Dengue prevention and control must be intersectoral and involve the family and the community. (paho.org)
  • RNA extracted from normal human serum spiked with YF virus showed the assay to be precise with minimal lot-to-lot variation. (cdc.gov)
  • Zika virus like other vector-borne diseases poses a particular challenge to the countries because of their complex nature which requires multidisciplinary competencies and strong rapid interaction among committed sectors. (who.int)
  • is the vector mosquito for dengue and is widely distributed in the Americas. (paho.org)
  • Only Canada and continental Chile are free from dengue and its vector. (paho.org)
  • Although it has been sought, arthropod-borne or other vector-mediated transmission of the blood-borne hepatitis viruses has not been found. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Two different HCVcoreAg preparations have been tested: recombinant b-galactosidase-conjugated HCVcoreAg ("Virogen", USA) and recombinant HCVcoreAg ("Vector-Best", Russia). (preprints.org)
  • A collection of the most up-to-date and cleared information on the ongoing Zika virus outbreak. (cdc.gov)
  • Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV) is a mosquito-borne virus that is found across Australia, Papua New Guinea and Irian Jaya. (mja.com.au)
  • Zika virus, yellow fever, and COVID-19). (cdc.gov)
  • METHODS: We searched on-line databases for predictive risk mapping studies for dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever with no geographical or date restrictions. (bvsalud.org)
  • This report details a limited laboratory WHO-coordinated evaluation of the altona Diagnostics RealStar Yellow Fever Virus RT-PCR kit 1.0. (cdc.gov)
  • Dengue fever usually results in abrupt onset of high fever, headache, myalgias, arthralgias, and generalized lymphadenopathy, followed by a rash that appears with a recurrent fever after an afebrile period. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 33 Antigen detection assays are not available for MVEV, but have been used for JEV and Dengue fever virus. (mja.com.au)
  • According to the research team's data, which has been published in medical and public health journal Communications Medicine, the newly developed rapid cellulose pull-down viral neutralisation test (cpVNT) detects SARS-CoV-2 NAbs in plasma samples within 10 minutes, utilising a vertical flow paper-based assay format and protein engineering technology developed at SMART AMR and the Hadley D. Sikes lab at MIT. (rapidmicromethods.com)
  • This same protein engineering technology has also been used to develop tests to detect other well-known viruses such as the Zika virus and Tuberculosis. (rapidmicromethods.com)
  • Accurate laboratory testing is a critical component of dengue and chikungunya surveillance and control. (who.int)
  • Furthermore, active surveillance and advanced diagnostic tests are essential for fundamental management. (bvsalud.org)
  • The purpose of this review was to assemble relevant information from published peer-reviewed literature to assess the incidence of zoonotic pathogens associated with dogs in Nigeria in order to determine the risks involved and identify priority diseases to focus on, knowledge gaps, and areas for surveillance, control, and research in Nigeria. (mdpi.com)
  • Despite being able to improve surveillance and prevent spread to some extent, these measures have severely impacted economies and livelihoods, and the path towards regaining normalcy involves achieving herd immunity against the virus either naturally or through mass vaccination. (rapidmicromethods.com)
  • Thus, these tests are not viable for large population testing and surveillance due to the lengthy process that may put a strain on existing laboratory capabilities. (rapidmicromethods.com)
  • Published, peer-reviewed literature, published and unpublished country reports, and the World Health Organization (WHO) library database, including Dengue Net, were reviewed for 1960-2010 for the key terms "dengue" and "Africa. (cdc.gov)
  • Ribavirin (already established as therapy for hepatitis C virus, which is also in the Flaviviridae family) was used in a study of 153 Indian children with JEV encephalitis, but did not indicate any benefit compared with placebo. (mja.com.au)
  • Two of the viruses [hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV)] are spread principally by fecal-oral means and three [hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis D virus (HDV)] are spread principally by exposure to blood, although HBV is frequently spread by unprotected sex. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Serological testing for CSGVs is hindered by the limited availability and volumes of human-positive specimens needed as controls in serologic assays. (cdc.gov)
  • The chimeric IgM produced from the stably expressing HEK293 cell line was evaluated for use as a surrogate human-positive control in a serologic diagnostic test. (cdc.gov)
  • At the beginning of the COVID pandemic, it was feared that the SARS-CoV-2 virus might represent the most threatening respiratory virus since the deadly 1918 Spanish influenza virus, which was an H1N1 influenza virus of avian origin. (notesfromthesocialclinic.org)
  • The order in which the 20 questions are discussed is based on how a pandemic would usually be analyzed by public health physicians when they use an objective, strictly scientific problem-solving approach-starting with a fundamental first question "how threatening is the virus? (notesfromthesocialclinic.org)
  • The Fc receptor-dependent function of antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) provides mechanisms for clearance of virus and virus-infected cells, as well as for stimulation of downstream adaptive immune responses by facilitating antigen presentation, or by stimulating the secretion of inflammatory mediators. (frontiersin.org)
  • Human leucocyte antigen ( HLA ) -DR plays a crucial role in the immune response against hepatitis B virus (HBV). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The epidemic in South Africa was confirmed by retrospective neutralizing antibody testing in the mid-1950s, but the other reported epidemics were not laboratory confirmed and therefore may not have been dengue. (cdc.gov)
  • To better understand the mechanism of neutralization activity against HCMV, HCMV antibody titers association NT judged by antibody titers against each glycoprotein complex (gc) of HCMV. (cmvpromotor.com)
  • Detection of Mpox Virus Using Microbial Cell-free DNA: the Potential of Pathogen-Agnostic Sequencing for Rapid Identification of Emerging Pathogens. (amedeo.com)
  • Robert H. Purcell is head of the Hepatitis Viruses Section of the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. (nationalacademies.org)
  • It was not until the 1970s that HAV was transmitted to laboratory animals (marmoset monkeys and chimpanzees), and the virus was isolated in cell culture in 1979 ( 2 ). (nationalacademies.org)
  • This simple test, only requiring a drop of blood from a fingertip, can be performed within 10 minutes without the need for a laboratory or specially trained personnel. (rapidmicromethods.com)
  • 3,000 cases), and the reappearance of dengue in Senegal after 20 years was also reported ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • however, cases of pleurodynia secondary to other enteroviruses have been reported (eg, enteric cytopathogenic human orphan [ECHO] virus). (medscape.com)
  • However, pleurodynia most commonly affects adults infected with the virus, with fewer than 10% of cases occurring in patients younger than 20 years. (medscape.com)
  • Global dengue incidence has increased in recent decades, though the actual numbers of dengue cases are masked by underreporting. (who.int)
  • This intervention forms the basis of an epidemiological study to assess the impact of operational deployment of wMel Wolbachia on the reduction of the incidence of notified dengue cases and virologically-confirmed dengue. (mvcac.org)
  • Dengue incidence has increased in the Americas over the past four decades, from 1.5 million cumulative cases in the 1980s to 16,2 million in the decade 2010-2019. (paho.org)
  • 2013 was an epidemic year in the Americas, with 2 million cases and an incidence of 430,8 per 100,000 inhabitants. (paho.org)
  • In some cases the view is but a glimpse because the existence of three of the five viruses has been recognized for less than 20 years. (nationalacademies.org)
  • The virus was tentatively named alfalfa-associated potyvirus 1, as its genomic fragments bore similarities with potyvirids. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Meanwhile, the cross-reactivity of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells response to Dengue and Zika viruses provide important clues for further development of potential treatments. (frontiersin.org)
  • Detection of the TBE virus (TBEV) in local populations of Ixodes ricinus ticks is the most reliable proof that a given area is at risk for TBE, but this approach is time-consuming and expensive. (biomedcentral.com)
  • I built tools to study this virus and contributed to a diagnostic test during the first year of my M.Sc. (wrfseattle.org)
  • Patrick Manson, in his tropical medicine text of 1898, referred only to a "germ or virus," though noting that it probably required an interval of time outside the body to render it infectious [2]. (brewminate.com)
  • The mechanism by which latent viruses, such as genetically transmitted tumor viruses ( PROVIRUSES ) or PROPHAGES of lysogenic bacteria, are induced to replicate and then released as infectious viruses. (lookformedical.com)
  • Serological tests remain the mainstay of confirmatory diagnostic testing. (mja.com.au)
  • While these viruses are known to circulate widely in North America, their occurrence is rare. (cdc.gov)
  • Note: This important study shows the establishment of the wMel Wolbachia and the companion paper shows the reduction of dengue in the treated cities. (mvcac.org)
  • The assay was specific for YF virus, was not subject to endogenous or exogenous interferents, and was clinically sensitive and specific. (cdc.gov)
  • Currently, NAbs are commonly detected using virus neutralisation tests (VNTs), which require handling of live virus, a facility with rigorous biosafety and containment precautions, skilled personnel and 2 to 4 days of processing time. (rapidmicromethods.com)