The use of aminopterin in cancer treatment was supplanted in the 1950s by methotrexate due to the latter's better therapeutic index in a rodent tumor model. (wikipedia.org)
Azathioprine2
Because of its relative lack of toxicity, during the past decade MZB has been frequently used instead of azathioprine as a component of immunosuppressive drug regimens. (hindawi.com)
Azathioprine is the main immunosuppressive cytotoxic substance. (mdwiki.org)
Clinical trials2
Now in a more pure preparation and supported by laboratory evidence of superior tumor cell uptake in vitro, aminopterin is being investigated in clinical trials in leukemia as a potentially superior antifolate to methotrexate. (wikipedia.org)
Since these findings suggested that MZB would be useful for long-term immunosuppressive therapy, several clinical trials of MZB for the treatment of autoimmune diseases were carried out, and its clinical usefulness was obvious. (hindawi.com)
Widely1
Aminopterin is widely used in selection media (such as HAT medium) for cell culture, particularly in the development of hybridomas, which secrete monoclonal antibodies. (wikipedia.org)
Agent3
During the period Aminopterin was marketed, the agent was used off-label to safely treat over 4,000 patients with psoriasis in the United States, producing dramatic clearing of lesions. (wikipedia.org)
Mizoribine (MZB) is an imidazole nucleoside and an immunosuppressive agent. (hindawi.com)
MZB was found to inhibit both humoral and cellular immunity by selectively inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation, which led to its development as an immunosuppressive agent. (hindawi.com)
Effects2
Similar congenital abnormalities have been documented with methotrexate, and collectively their teratogenic effects have become known as the fetal aminopterin syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
It also has immunosuppressive effects for rheumatoid arthritis research and has anti-cancer properties. (toku-e.com)