Cyclin-dependEncodes a proteinTranscriptionMDM2Mitogen-activaGenesBindsChromosomeNegatively regulateTumorInhibitorCellularDifferentially expressedPhosphorylationKinaseRegulateBiomarkersActivationTyrosineRegulationCalcium-bindingNuclearPathwaysMetastasisMutationsPTENCancerAminoExpressionInteractionsActivityFunctionFoundSimilarlyDisordersModels
Cyclin-depend3
- It has also been demonstrated that TGF-β induced cell cycle arrest can be partially attributed to the regulatory effects of TGF-β on both the expression and activity of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors [CDKI] such as p21 and p27. (biomedcentral.com)
- Canonical Notch signaling activates the transcription of BMI1 proto‑oncogene polycomb ring finger, cyclin D1, CD44, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A, hes family bHLH transcription factor 1, hes related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 1, MYC, NOTCH3, RE1 silencing transcription factor and transcription factor 7 in a cellular context‑dependent manner, while non‑canonical Notch signaling activates NF‑κB and Rac family small GTPase 1. (spandidos-publications.com)
- The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p21 and p16 inhibit the activity of CDKs, such as CDK4. (medscape.com)
Encodes a protein3
- The shorter, major isoform - consisting of 17 exons - encodes a protein kinase of 648 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
- It encodes a protein that prevents separin from promoting sister chromatid separation during mitosis [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- This locus, however, also encodes a protein from an alternative reading frame, designated p19ARF. (medscape.com)
Transcription6
- JUN mRNA was decreased and, as JUN transcription is autoregulated by JUN protein,and JUN heterodimerizes with Meq. (dubinhibitors.com)
- These are frequently activated by fusion to other transcriptional proteins resulting in chimeric transcription factors. (stanford.edu)
- We demonstrate here that GSK-3 maintains the MLL leukemia stem cell transcriptional program by promoting the conditional association of CREB and its coactivators TORC and CBP with homedomain protein MEIS1, a critical component of the MLL-subordinate program, which in turn facilitates HOX-mediated transcription and transformation. (stanford.edu)
- This gene product is involved in cell cycle progression, p53-mediated apoptosis, transcription activator of several other oncogenes [ 4 ] and DNA repair [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The CDK4-cyclinD complex normally phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (Rb protein), leading to release of the E2F transcription factor and cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)
- The role of MSY genes in important cellular processes such as transcription regulation, translation, and protein stability in males is vital not only in sex determination but also in sex-dependent organ development [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
MDM23
- Activated PI3K phosphorylates AKT, which in turn activates IKKA, MTOR and MDM2 and inhi bits FKHR, CASP9, Terrible, p27 inhibitor R428 and p21 genes. (dubinhibitors.com)
- TP53 activates the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation (p21), and MDM2. (medscape.com)
- The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)
Mitogen-activa3
- c-Raf is a principal component of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway: ERK1/2 signaling. (wikipedia.org)
- The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/Erk pathway plays a central role in cell communication: it orchestrates signaling from external receptors to internal transcriptional machinery, which leads to changes in phenotype [ 6 , 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Activation of MAPK is initiated by one of the four ErbB receptors (ErbB1/epidermal growth factor receptor (EgfR), ErbB2-4), which leads to signaling through Raf (RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase), Mek (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2) and Erk. (biomedcentral.com)
Genes5
- Subsequent experiments showed that the normal, cellular Raf genes can also mutate to become oncogenes, by "overdriving" MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 activity. (wikipedia.org)
- In addition, these alterations affect 3 principal categories of genes, as follows: proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. (medscape.com)
- This article briefly discusses tumor suppressor genes and then focuses on the role of proto-oncogenes in childhood cancer. (medscape.com)
- Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
- Despite extensive studies on the effect of these genes on the development pathways, some MSY genes have remained as missing proteins with no experimental protein evidence due to highly transient and spatio-temporal restricted expression patterns. (biomedcentral.com)
Binds1
- The Ras-binding domain displays a ubiquitin-like fold (like many other small G-protein associating domains) and selectively binds GTP-bound Ras proteins only. (wikipedia.org)
Chromosome2
- For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
- With the launch of the human proteome project (HPP), the association of Y chromosome proteins with pathological conditions has been increasingly explored. (biomedcentral.com)
Negatively regulate1
- The close proximity of these two domains as well as several lines of experimental data suggest that they act as a single unit to negatively regulate the activity of the protein kinase domain, by direct physical interaction. (wikipedia.org)
Tumor2
- Some of the new approaches depend on tumor biology and aim specifically to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis by targeting the tumor microenvironment or vasculature (leaving normal cells unaffected) or focusing on specific protein or signal transduction pathways. (medscape.com)
- [ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)
Inhibitor2
- On the opposite, MuRF1 was selelck kinase inhibitor by far the most fluctuating protein, reaching a maximal variation amount of 60% in excess of two biopsies taken in similar circumstances 48 hours apart. (dubinhibitors.com)
- The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)
Cellular1
- Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)
Differentially expressed2
- However PTEN professional tein was not differentially expressed, STK11 protein decreased. (dubinhibitors.com)
- A calbindin protein that is differentially expressed in distinct populations of NEURONS throughout the vertebrate and invertebrate NERVOUS SYSTEM, and modulates intrinsic neuronal excitability and influences LONG-TERM POTENTIATION. (lookformedical.com)
Phosphorylation2
- A sub examination was also carried out, in which R2 was set since the referential worth and compared to Mob ailment, to be able to measure the influence of a neighborhood acute mobiliza tion on protein expression and exercise amounts as evi denced by phosphorylation level variations. (dubinhibitors.com)
- Both own phosphorylation status and direct protein-protein interactions are increasingly investigated [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Kinase6
- RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase, also known as proto-oncogene c-RAF or simply c-Raf or even Raf-1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RAF1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
- The c-Raf protein is part of the ERK1/2 pathway as a MAP kinase (MAP3K) that functions downstream of the Ras subfamily of membrane associated GTPases. (wikipedia.org)
- C-Raf is a member of the Raf kinase family of serine/threonine-specific protein kinases, from the TKL (Tyrosine-kinase-like) group of kinases. (wikipedia.org)
- On its N-terminal segment, a Ras-binding domain (RBD) and a C-kinase homologous domain 1 (C1 domain) are found next to each other. (wikipedia.org)
- It is similar to the diacylglycerol-binding C1 domains of protein kinase C (PKC) enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
- Between the autoinhibitory domain block and the catalytic kinase domain, a long segment - characteristic to all Raf proteins - can be found. (wikipedia.org)
Regulate1
- 1) Characterize novel families of oncoproteins (Pbx and Meis) that dimerize with and regulate the DNA binding properties of Hox proteins. (stanford.edu)
Biomarkers1
- Such observations prompted us to propose that in addition to cytogenetic parameters, the levels of endogenous GSH and p53 protein could act as effective biomarkers for RAN chewers [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Activation1
- Activation of p21 or p16 therefore causes cell cycle arrest. (medscape.com)
Tyrosine1
- PTEN is a protean protein with a dual-specificity cytosolic lipid and tyrosine phosphatase activity. (biomedcentral.com)
Regulation1
- Similarly to many other MAPKKKs, c-Raf is a multidomain protein, with several additional domains to aid the regulation of its catalytic activity. (wikipedia.org)
Calcium-binding2
- The calcium-binding protein S100A4 can induce cell migration/invasion and metastasis in experimental animals and is overexpressed in most human metastatic cancers. (bvsalud.org)
- A calcium-binding protein that mediates calcium HOMEOSTASIS in KIDNEYS, BRAIN, and other tissues. (lookformedical.com)
Nuclear2
- RAS-related nuclear protein(RAN) is a nuclear shuttle and normally regulates events in the cell cycle. (bvsalud.org)
- CD30hi lymphocytes also had 4 fold far more nuclear found ERBB protein and above expression and nuclear localization of ERBB one and 2 are popular in tumors. (dubinhibitors.com)
Pathways1
- What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
Metastasis1
- Proteins in this family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. (cancerindex.org)
Mutations1
- Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
PTEN1
- Results were correlated with immunoreactivity for USP7 (herpes virus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease 7) and SUMO2/3 (small ubiquitin-related modifier protein 2/3) as well as PTEN and p53 FISH gene status. (biomedcentral.com)
Cancer1
- p27 expression is reduced in pancreatic adenocarcinomas and decreased protein levels of p27 may play a role in the differentiation of pancreatic cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Amino1
- This hinge region contains a small, conserved island of amino acids, that are responsible for 14-3-3 protein recognition, but only when a critical serine (Ser259 in human c-Raf) is phosphorylated. (wikipedia.org)
Expression1
- The purpose of our study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of TGF-β1 and p27 in pancreatic adenocarcinomas and to compare the findings with the clinicopathological features and survival. (biomedcentral.com)
Interactions1
- We propose that even though total JUN protein was enhanced in CD30hi lymphocytes, it is actually not out there for auto transactivation, an substitute chance is as JUN protein is stabilized by submit translational interactions with Meq, the JUN mRNA might not basically reflect the total JUN protein levels. (dubinhibitors.com)
Activity1
- The C-terminal half of c-Raf folds into a single protein domain, responsible for catalytic activity. (wikipedia.org)
Function1
- We are investigating how Pbx and Meis proteins contribute to the specificity of Hox function in development and how disruption of their activities leads to neoplasia. (stanford.edu)
Found2
- Calcium-binding proteins that are found in DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULES, INTESTINES, BRAIN, and other tissues where they bind, buffer and transport cytoplasmic calcium. (lookformedical.com)
- These motifs are found in many proteins that are regulated by calcium. (lookformedical.com)
Similarly1
- Similarly, a global analysis of all the protein amounts uncovered a variation ranging among 25% and 47% for biopsies taken at two picked time factors throughout a provided day. (dubinhibitors.com)
Disorders2
- selleck chemicals Success Complete protein volume variation The affect in the disorders surrounding biopsy proce dures on total protein amount was evaluated by measur ing the intra subject variation of your Western blot signal obtained with every sampling conditions. (dubinhibitors.com)
- Making use of this 2nd analysis, GSK 3b protein level was uncovered for being one of the most stable, having a selection of variation in between 24% for rest vs acute mobilization circumstances and 31% for rest and fasted vs active and fed disorders. (dubinhibitors.com)
Models1
- We are studying the effects and consequences of protein fusion on the transcriptional and transforming activities of these proteins using in vitro and animal models. (stanford.edu)