The differential diagnosis of a malignant effusion is accordingly broad, especially for the small round blue cell tumors that includes not only mesenchymal tumors, but also non-mesenchymal tumors, such as neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor. (cytojournal.com)
Other rare non-epithelial malignancies that may be encountered in effusion cytology include neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, and metastatic brain tumors. (cytojournal.com)
Infancy4
The treatment of choice for melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is surgical excision, and it is usually curative. (medscape.com)
Complete tumor removal of the melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) may not be the goal when it may sacrifice vital structures such as the orbital or intracranial contents. (medscape.com)
Neville B, Damm D, Allen C. Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy. (medscape.com)
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy--a neoplasm of neural crese origin. (medscape.com)
Germ2
While most tumors metastatic to the serous membranes are of epithelial origin, cytologists should be aware that non-epithelial neoplasms can also cause malignant effusions including sarcomas, melanomas, germ cell tumors, and, more rarely, brain tumors. (cytojournal.com)
Common non-epithelial neoplasms that may cause malignant effusions include malignant melanoma, sarcomas, and other neoplasms including germ cell tumors [ Figure 1 ]. (cytojournal.com)
Epithelial4
Diagnosing non-epithelial malignancies in effusion specimens based entirely upon their cytomorphologic features is difficult because these neoplasms often exhibit considerable morphological overlap and their cytomorphology can differ from the original tumor. (cytojournal.com)
As malignant cells have a tendency to round up in body fluids these non-epithelial neoplasms can therefore mimic reactive mesothelial cells and metastatic adenocarcinoma. (cytojournal.com)
Most tumors metastatic to the serous membranes are of epithelial origin. (cytojournal.com)
The classification of epithelial tumors of the kidney has in particular undergone substantial progress in the last two decades with major contributions from genetic typing of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). (abdominalkey.com)
Ancillary1
The role of genotyping and ancillary tools, in particular immunohistochemistry, in correctly classifying these tumors is highlighted in the section on Renal Cell Carcinoma. (abdominalkey.com)
Arise3
These melanocytic cells are of neuroectodermal origin, and melanocytic tumors may arise from these cells. (medscape.com)
A diverse array of tumors can arise in the human kidney. (abdominalkey.com)
Wilms tumor is believed to arise from embryonic tissues called nephrogenic rests that fail to undergo normal involution ( 7 ). (abdominalkey.com)
Although MNTI is an aggressive benign tumor, malignant variants have been reported. (medscape.com)
Sections1
Specific discussions of etiology and pathogenesis are dealt with in each of the sections on individual tumors, rather than as a freestanding section, as is used elsewhere in this text. (abdominalkey.com)
Population1
The first section will cover those tumors that characteristically are associated with the pediatric population. (abdominalkey.com)
Development1
The development of Wilms tumor has been linked to mutations of the WT1 and WT2 genes located on chromosome 11 at 11p13 and 11p15.5, respectively ( 8 , 9 ). (abdominalkey.com)
Brain1
1 - 3 Intracranial brain tumors, most commonly medulloblastoma [ Figure 2 ], can metastasize to the peritoneal cavity via ventriculo-peritoneal shunts used to divert excess cerebrospinal fluid. (cytojournal.com)
Human1
The purpose of this chapter is to familiarize the reader with the tumor types encountered in the human rather than to provide a comprehensive diagnostic reference, which is better handled in more comprehensive textbooks and monographs. (abdominalkey.com)
Cases2
[ 40 ] Cases of primarily inoperable MNTIs have also been reported, for which chemotherapy was performed to reduce extension of the tumor mass before surgical treatment. (medscape.com)
Neven et al in 2008 advocate for adjuvant chemotherapy in cases of multiple aggressive recurrences and/or inoperable tumors. (medscape.com)
Multiple1
Wiedemann-Beckwith syndrome is related to abnormalities on chromosome 11p15 and characterized by multiple craniofacial anomalies, abdominal wall defects, and tumors of the genitourinary tract, liver, adrenal gland, and central nervous system among other abnormalities. (abdominalkey.com)