Poorly immunogenicPeptidesRecombinantBovine Serum AConjugateAntibodiesAntigensEncodeImmune responseMacromoleculesImmunogenicityCarbohydratesOuter membranePolymeric CarriersMammalianVaccineMembraneAminoKinaseBacteriaMethodsInduceSolubleVaccinesELISAAsymptomaticSyntheticAntibodyAcuteReagentsPurificationPathwayReactionStructuralDonorCellVectorWidelySpeciesHighTranscriptionSmallResultsCompoundsStorageIncludeLevelProcessFormFound
Poorly immunogenic3
- There are 90 known serotypes of pneumococci, and the capsule is the principle virulence determinant for pneumococci, as the capsule not only protects the iimer surface of the bacteria from complement, but is itself poorly immunogenic. (allindianpatents.com)
- The C-Flow™ process was developed using Clean Genome ® E. coli strains expressing recombinant CRM197, a carrier protein used to enhance the immunogenicity of poorly immunogenic carbohydrates in conjugated vaccines. (scarabgenomics.com)
- Tumor-derived autophagosome vaccines (DRibbles) have the potential to broaden immune response to poorly immunogenic tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
Peptides3
- Haptens are substances with a low molecular weight such as peptides, small proteins and drug molecules that are generally not immunogenic and require the aid of a carrier protein to stimulate a response from the immune system in the form of antibody production. (wikipedia.org)
- Recent advances in drug design have led to the development of several classes of novel therapeutic macromolecules including peptides, proteins, monoclonal antibodies, immunotoxins, lysozymes, plasmid DNA, antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, and short interfering RNA. (usc.edu)
- The development of new varieties lacking immunogenic peptides is one of the strategies currently investigated to address the CD problem. (biomedcentral.com)
Recombinant9
- A cocktail of five recombinant proteins optimized for conserved GI nematode targets was used immunize pigs and test for active antibody responses in both the serum and intestinal ileal fluid of immunized pigs. (frontiersin.org)
- An immunogenic composition comprising 2 S. pneumoniae recombinant proteins wherein one of the proteins is selected from the Poly Histidine Triad family (PhtX) at a dose of between 1-100 µg and optionally comprising an adjuvant. (allindianpatents.com)
- 2 μg/lane of Biotinylated Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid His-tag Protein (Catalog # BT10474) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 49-59 kDa. (bio-techne.com)
- CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. (bio-techne.com)
- Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. (bio-techne.com)
- In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. (bio-techne.com)
- The method involves expressing the recombinant polypeptide as a fusion protein with a pro-peptide. (justia.com)
- The pro-peptide-polypeptide fusion protein can be cleaved and the recombinant polypeptide released under the appropriate conditions. (justia.com)
- The preparation of valuable recombinant (genetically engineered) polypeptides, for example pharmaceutical proteins, relies frequently on techniques which involve the production of these polypeptides as fusion or hybrid proteins. (justia.com)
Bovine Serum A1
- Current, antibody-based diagnostical methods utilize antibodies against histamine raised by conjugating histamine to a large immunogenic protein carrier, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) or ovalbumin (OVA) via its primary amine group. (justia.com)
Conjugate1
- Aggregates remain immunogenic, but limit the ability to conjugate haptens, and are difficult to manipulate in the laboratory. (wikipedia.org)
Antibodies5
- Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is used extensively as a carrier protein in the production of antibodies for research, biotechnology and therapeutic applications. (wikipedia.org)
- Its large size and numerous epitopes generate a substantial immune response, and abundance of lysine residues for coupling haptens allows a high hapten:carrier protein ratio, increasing the likelihood of generating hapten-specific antibodies. (wikipedia.org)
- Samples are mixed with a cocktail of biotinylated detection antibodies (Step 1) and then incubated with the array membrane which is spotted in duplicate with capture antibodies to specific target proteins (Step 2) . (rndsystems.com)
- Consequently, only the imidazole will be exposed to lymphocytes, which commonly results in generation of antibodies that recognize protein-bound histamine with only limited affinity and sensitivity for free histamine. (justia.com)
- Second, this MAP infection triggers a specific humoral response, as Sardinian T1D Olcegepant hydrochloride patients display high frequencies of antibodies (Abs) against mycobacterial proteins (heparin-binding hemagglutinin, glycosyl transferase) [17], whole MAP lysates (70% Ab+ T1D patients vs 7.6% Ab+ healthy controls) [16] and. (healthweblognews.info)
Antigens2
- Proteins that activated immunity are potential antigens for immunization and the multi-omics phylum-spanning prioritization database that was created is a valuable resource for identifying target proteins in a wide array of different parasitic nematodes. (frontiersin.org)
- In addition to mutated proteins, NSCLC can over-express a number of non-mutated proteins that can induce both humoral and cytotoxic T cell responses [ 10 ], and also have the potential to serve as tumor rejection antigens [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Encode1
- Both encode large glycosylated proteins consisting of around 3400 amino acids and a molecular weight of around 390,000 Daltons, excluding the glycosylation. (wikipedia.org)
Immune response2
- The KLH protein is potently immunogenic, but does not cause an adverse immune response in humans. (wikipedia.org)
- Highly specific and immunogenic (substances that produces an immune response). (student-baba.com)
Macromolecules1
- To cause sensitization, a chemical must bind to macromolecules (proteins) in the skin. (cdc.gov)
Immunogenicity2
- Strategies, which have been designed to overcome this lack of immunogenicity in infants, include the linking of the polysaccharide to large immunogenic proteins, which provide bystander T-cell help and which induce immunological memory against the polysaccharide antigen to which it is conjugated. (allindianpatents.com)
- Among gluten proteins, α-gliadins display the strongest immunogenicity with four main T-cell stimulatory epitopes. (biomedcentral.com)
Carbohydrates1
- The inner layer is made up of peptidoglycan (Gives the cells its structural framework), proteins , non-cellulose carbohydrates , lipids , amino acids , etc. (student-baba.com)
Outer membrane2
- The outer layer also called the outer membrane consists of lipopolysaccharides , lipids and proteins (Porins). (student-baba.com)
- Institute of Environmen- is complemented by antigen sequence typing of the variable tal Science and Research, Porirua, New Zealand (D.R. Martin, A. regions of the outer membrane proteins PorA and FetA ( 9 ). (cdc.gov)
Polymeric Carriers1
- In this seminar, I will discuss our research efforts to develop "intelligent" pH-sensitive, membrane-destabilizing, and degradable polymeric carriers that can effectively deliver therapeutic nucleic acids past the endosomal membrane and into the cytoplasm of cancer cells to successfully suppress the expression of targeted genes. (usc.edu)
Mammalian2
- In addition, because KLH is derived from the limpet, a gastropod, it is phylogenetically distant from mammalian proteins, thus reducing false positives in immunologically-based research techniques in mammalian model organisms. (wikipedia.org)
- The SARS-CoV-2 N protein displays VSR (viral suppressor of RNA interference) activity in mammalian cells (4). (bio-techne.com)
Vaccine6
- It is therefore highly prized as a vaccine carrier protein. (wikipedia.org)
- The present invention relates to a combination of 2 or more S. pneumoniae proteins, their manufacture and use in medicine as a vaccine. (allindianpatents.com)
- In yet another related aspect is a method for making the vaccine of the invention by selecting and isolating 2 different S. pneumoniae proteins and mixing both proteins with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. (allindianpatents.com)
- This study was designed to test a novel immunotherapy strategy using a vaccine enriched for short-lived proteins (SLiPs) and defective ribosomal products (DRiPs) derived from autologous tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Extensive genetic diversity in the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP) is a major contributing factor to the moderate efficacy of the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine. (biomedcentral.com)
- The RTS,S vaccine is a malaria subunit vaccine that is formulated from a fragment of the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 laboratory strain fused with the Hepatitis B surface antigen and the AS01 adjuvant [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Membrane3
- single-pass type I membrane protein (Probable). (biosensis.com)
- SARS-CoV-2, which causes the global pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), belongs to a family of viruses known as coronaviruses that are commonly comprised of four structural proteins: Spike protein (S), Envelope protein (E), Membrane protein (M), and Nucleocapsid protein (N) (1). (bio-techne.com)
- Few carrier molecules are embedded in the membrane which helps to control the flow of specific molecules by binding to them and transporting it in a specific direction. (student-baba.com)
Amino1
- The SARS-CoV2 N protein shares 91% and 47% amino acid sequence identity with SARS-CoV-1 and MERS N protein, respectively. (bio-techne.com)
Kinase2
- This gene encodes a member of the vaccinia-related kinase (VRK) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. (thermofisher.com)
- Equipped with a mouse model of stress (5-HT1A-R-/- mice) and a 5-HT1A-R-expressing hippocampal neuron-derived cell line, HN2-5, our earlier studies have reported that a 5-HT1A-R-mediated signaling pathway functions via extracellular receptor-activated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)-catalyzed activation of protein kinase C alpha (PKC) to promote synaptogenesis at P15 in the hippocampal CA1 region [12,16]. (thetechnoant.info)
Bacteria1
- Non-motile bacteria are more immunogenic due to a lower expression of arnT upon host-cell contact, but do not produce spermidine and are phagocytosed less. (elifesciences.org)
Methods1
- Conversion of this insoluble material involves often slow and complex refolding methods, making protein purification difficult. (justia.com)
Induce1
- The school-age child needs at this stage can separate real from what professional healthcare has to a high-molecular-weight carrier or to stay generic levitra online pharmacy dry through the glass, it may induce sexual dysfunction. (oaksofwellington.com)
Soluble2
- Secondly, those proteins which are present in soluble form in the cytoplasm often are subject to degradation by host specific enzymes, thus reducing the amounts of active protein that can be recovered. (justia.com)
- Gluten proteins are usually classified into soluble monomeric gliadins and insoluble polymeric glutenins according to their alcohol solubility. (biomedcentral.com)
Vaccines1
- The rapidly growing interest in therapeutic vaccines (i.e. active immunotherapies) for cancer and the documented efficacy of KLH as a superior carrier protein for cancer vaccines are creating a significant biopharmaceutical market for KLH formulations. (wikipedia.org)
ELISA1
- Cell success was quantified by Trypan residual and blue viremia by p24 ELISA. (opioid-receptors.com)
Asymptomatic3
- Febrile patients had stronger antibody responses than asymptomatic carriers. (biomedcentral.com)
- Therefore, H. pylori GWAS can elucidate mechanistic pathways to disease and guide clinical treatment options, including for asymptomatic carriers. (biomedcentral.com)
- Although transmitted to man, MAP infection is asymptomatic in human carriers and is not therefore regarded as a zoonosis, nor subjected Olcegepant hydrochloride to eradication in contaminated animals. (healthweblognews.info)
Synthetic2
- We show that loss of the DNA repair protein XPA markedly augments the synthetic lethality between MK2 and p53, enhancing anti-tumor responses alone and in combination with cisplatin chemotherapy. (nature.com)
- Carrier-protein conjugated synthetic peptide encompassing a sequence within the C-terminus region of mouse iNOS. (genetex.com)
Antibody5
- An antibody-protein array of putative immunogenic proteins was developed from a combined bioinformatic, experimental, and literature-based prioritization of homologous parasite proteins. (frontiersin.org)
- In addition, the N protein is an abundant protein during coronavirus infection and displays high immunogenic activity (5, 6), so it has been used to develop serological diagnostic kit for Covid-19 IgM and IgG antibody tests (7). (bio-techne.com)
- Plasma samples were probed on protein microarray to obtain antibody response profiles from the same individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
- iNOS antibody detects iNOS protein at cytoplasm by immunohistochemical analysis. (genetex.com)
- iNOS antibody detects iNOS protein by immunofluorescent analysis. (genetex.com)
Acute1
- Simultaneously detect the levels of these cytokines, chemokines, and acute phase proteins in a single sample. (rndsystems.com)
Reagents1
- Captured proteins are visualized using chemiluminescent detection reagents (Step 3) . (rndsystems.com)
Purification1
- If the protein becomes denatured or if the copper ions are lost in the purification process, the opalescent blue color disappears and the solution becomes a dull grayish color. (wikipedia.org)
Pathway1
- Tumor cells were cultured in vitro with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, which stabilizes SLiPs and DRiPs, shunting proteins into the autophagy pathway [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Reaction2
- The cleavage reaction is performed by contacting the fusion protein with a proteolytic enzyme under appropriate conditions. (justia.com)
- Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder affecting genetically predisposed individuals whose dietary gluten proteins trigger an inflammatory reaction in the small intestine. (biomedcentral.com)
Structural1
- The SARS-CoV-2 N protein is a ~45 kDa protein composed of two independent structural domains connected by a linker region. (bio-techne.com)
Donor1
- Lipoate protein ligase B primarily recognizes the C8-phosphopantetheine arm of its donor substrate and weakly binds the acyl carrier protein. (du.ac.in)
Cell1
- In this case, the stimulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent immunogenic cell death (ICD) process in OVs-infected cells elicit a range of anti-tumor immune responses. (biomedcentral.com)
Vector1
- DAbR1 was subcloned together with green fluorescent protein into an SFG-retroviral vector and used to transduce CD3/CD28-activated primary human T cells and second-generation 1928z (CAR) T cells. (snmjournals.org)
Widely1
- KLH is the most widely employed carrier protein for this purpose. (wikipedia.org)
Species1
- Here, we used a genomics/proteomics approach (including immunoblot experiments from pigs infected with T. suis ) to prioritize putative immunogenic excretory/secretory (E/S) proteins conserved across and specific to several gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic nematode species. (frontiersin.org)
High1
- A high-quality KLH preparation with clear opalescent blue color is the best indicator of KLH solubility. (wikipedia.org)
Transcription2
- This protein also phosphorylates histone, casein, and the transcription factors ATF2 (activating transcription factor 2) and c-JUN. (thermofisher.com)
- While the S, E and M proteins build up the viral envelop, the N protein is involved transcription, replication and packaging of the viral RNA genome into a helical ribonucleocapsid (RNP) (2, 3). (bio-techne.com)
Small1
- barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) and rye ( Secale cereale L.). Oat ( Avena sativa L.) also displays a small fraction of prolamin storage proteins, called avenins, which do not contain any CD-related epitopes [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Results1
- Denaturation of KLH also results in a tendency of the protein to aggregate and precipitate from solution. (wikipedia.org)
Compounds1
- This perspective focuses on two areas that have yielded new useful information during the last 20 years: (i) structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of contact allergy based on the concept of hapten-protein binding and (ii) mechanistic investigations regarding activation of nonsensitizing compounds to contact allergens by air oxidation or skin metabolism. (cdc.gov)
Storage1
- Gluten is composed of storage proteins from wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. ssp. (biomedcentral.com)
Include1
- Fusion partners known to the prior art include maltose binding protein (Di Guan et al. (justia.com)
Level1
- There are two keyhole limpet hemocyanin genes, termed KLH1 and KLH2 which share around 60% identity at the protein level. (wikipedia.org)
Process1
- No. 4,743,679 which discloses a process for the production of human epidermal growth factor comprising cleavage of a fusion protein by Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease. (justia.com)
Form2
- The protein oligomerises to form a barrel shaped didecameric complex which is composed of 20 monomers. (wikipedia.org)
- Despite the additional steps which are required to produce a protein of interest as a fusion protein, rather than directly in its active form, the production of hybrid proteins has been found to overcome a number of problems. (justia.com)
Found1
- Enzymes known to the prior art as "proteolytic enzymes" have been found to be particularly well suited for the cleavage of fusion proteins. (justia.com)