Immune response macrophages. Medical search. Frequent questions

The lamina propria of the small intestine is the main site of the intestinal immune system, which contains a large number of macrophages, CD4 T cells, and dendritic cells. (frontiersin.org)
We have previously shown that the sialic acid-containing (Sia + ) fraction of intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) influences cell surface marker expression and cytokine/ chemokine secretion during the differentiation and maturation of human dendritic cells (DC). (scirp.org)
Presentations also focused on the means by which ethanol disrupts activation of macrophages and dendritic cells (DC), especially stimulation mediated by Toll-like receptor ligands. (nih.gov)
These features may be responsible for the recruitment and activation of T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells, characterizing the stromal component of this lymphoma, and may point towards innate immunity and a tumor tolerogenic immune response in T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma. (haematologica.org)

As phagocytosis by macrophages plays a critical role in the control of bacteria, we investigated the phagocytic activity of macrophages after resolution of inflammation. (nature.com)
Macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), a recently identified CC chemokine, has been regarded to be involved in chronic inflammation and dendritic cell and lymphocyte homing. (elsevierpure.com)
Furthermore, MDC dramatically ameliorated CLP-induced systemic tissue inflammation as well as tissue dysfunction, which were associated in part with decreased levels of TNF-α, macrophage inflammatory proteins-1α and -2, and KC in specific tissues. (elsevierpure.com)
Once activated, M1-like macrophages release cytokines that inhibit the proliferation of nearby cells (including cancer cells) and initiate inflammation and an immune response. (biorxiv.org)
To study the mechanisms involved in particle induced inflammation at the cellular level, human (THP-1) and mouse (RAW 264.7) macrophages were used as in vitro models and toxicity of CS and MWCNTs was tested. (cdc.gov)
In addition, the effects of macrophages in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and their role in inducing fibrosis, activating T cells, reducing colitis, and treating intestinal inflammation were also reviewed in this paper. (frontiersin.org)
Macrophages are phagocytes found in tissues and maintain tissue homeostasis, regulate inflammation, and play a significant role in host protection. (frontiersin.org)
The meeting will also highlight recent work on macrophage inflammation in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection and work from recently-funded NIMH, NIDA, and NINDS investigators. (nih.gov)
A panel will discuss research gaps and priorities related to human macrophage reservoirs and inflammation/comorbidities and treatment strategies for HIV remission and cure. (nih.gov)
In particular, the enzyme appears to be involved in the growth and development of certain immune system cells, including macrophages, which are a type of white blood cell that plays a critical role in inflammation. (medlineplus.gov)
Inflammation is a normal immune system response to injury and foreign invaders (such as bacteria). (medlineplus.gov)
Some macrophages are pro-inflammatory, meaning they promote inflammation, while others are anti-inflammatory, meaning they reduce inflammation. (medlineplus.gov)
They speculate that the enzyme deficiency may disrupt the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages in various tissues, leading to a buildup of pro-inflammatory macrophages and abnormal inflammation. (medlineplus.gov)
The immune microenvironment is a complex system and plays a critical role in biological processes of some of the most pressing healthcare challenges such as chronic inflammation, wound healing, cancer, and implant integration. (findaphd.com)

Neutrophils and monocytes/elicited Mφ were rapidly recruited in response to xenogeneic pig (PK15 or spleen) cells and, to a significantly lesser extent, allogeneic cells. (aai.org)
It is increasingly recognized that innate immune responses mediated by monocytes/macrophage (Mφ), neutrophils, mast cells, and NK cells drive and shape adaptive immunity ( 13 , 14 ). (aai.org)
Immune cell responses induced by DAMPs may include cytokine and chemokine release to activate inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and macrophages. (nature.com)

Such recruitment coincided with the greater ability of s-GO to interact in vivo with peritoneal macrophages and was associated with a greater surface reactivity in comparison to l-GO. (springer.com)
The survival was accompanied by increased number of peritoneal macrophages and decreased recovery of viable bacteria from the peritoneum and peripheral blood. (elsevierpure.com)
Endogenous MDC was detected in the peritoneum after CLP, and neutralization of the MDC with anti-MDC Abs decreased CLP-induced recruitment of peritoneal macrophages and increased the recovery of viable bacteria from the peritoneum and peripheral blood. (elsevierpure.com)
In vitro, MDC enhanced the phagocytic and killing activities of peritoneal macrophages to E. coli and induced both a respiratory burst and the release of lysozomal enzyme from macrophages. (elsevierpure.com)
In this study, murine peritoneal macrophages were isolated and then activated by LPS, HSV and VSV. (frontiersin.org)

Coculture of macrophages with regulatory T cells (Tregs) caused differentiation of macrophages toward Mreg phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
Bifurcation and sensitivity analyses show that external signaling cues are necessary for macrophage commitment and emergence to a phenotype, but that the intrinsic macrophage metabolism is equally important. (biorxiv.org)
On one end of the phenotype spectrum, M1-like macrophages are classically activated by the cytokine interferon γ (IFN γ ) or by an endotoxin directly [ 30 ]. (biorxiv.org)
Therefore, the phenotype expressed by a macrophage is identified through the specific STAT activation. (biorxiv.org)
The possibility to control macrophage polarization toward either pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype using matrix stiffness has been demonstrated however molecular mechanisms that drive such phenotypical changes have remained elusive [1]. (findaphd.com)
Modification of such microenvironment by molecular oxygen supply can switch macrophage phenotype between the tumour-associated M2 and the tumour-killing M1 phenotypes. (findaphd.com)
Immune-instructive polymers control macrophage phenotype and modulate the foreign body response in vivo. (findaphd.com)

After resolution of primary pneumonia, murine alveolar macrophages (AMs) exhibited poor phagocytic capacity for several weeks. (nature.com)
My thesis project aims to evaluate how the mechanical properties of cells derived from B cell lymphoma can impact the phagocytic efficiency of macrophages and affect their inflammatory signaling. (sfu.ca)

The elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (e.g., interleukin [IL] 6, IL-8, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α and 1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor) and immunomodulatory cytokines (e.g. (cdc.gov)
Through mechanisms that have not yet been well elucidated, this impairment in cytotoxic function leads to an excessive expansion and activation of cytotoxic cells, with hypersecretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). (medscape.com)
Due to their diverse functions and plasticity, macrophages are able to exhibit markedly different phenotypes, depending on the external signals they receive, e.g., microbial products, damaged cells, or cytokines. (biorxiv.org)
At the other extreme, M2-like macrophages are induced by the interleukins (IL)-4 and −13, cytokines secreted by activated Th2 cells [ 16 ]. (biorxiv.org)
Macrophages play a significant role in many processes, such as the human immune function, parasite infection, and tissue remodeling by secreting cytokines and producing reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates. (frontiersin.org)
In macrophage-colony stimulating factor (MCSF) generated macrophages, Sia + IgG induced increased production of numerous cytokines/ chemokines including IL-6, TNFα, CXCL1, and IL-10, and the expression of the macrophage surface marker CD163. (scirp.org)
D. Bruder, E. , O. Richards, J. , M. Michel, K. and Oaks, M. (2016) Differential Effects of Alternative Glycoforms of IgG on Human Monocytes and Macrophages: Sialylated IgG Induces Novel Expression Signatures of Cell Surface Markers, Cytokines, and Chemokines. (scirp.org)
Like other types of immune cells, macrophages respond to different environmental cues including extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness, redox state and cytokines and are thereby polarized into specialized functional subsets. (findaphd.com)
The host genetic factors are assumed to play a critical role in tuberculosis pathogenesis, through impact on the gene expression of cytokines and chemokines, which are implicated in the host immune response. (cdc.gov)

Some pathogens can promote the transformation of cells into Mregs as an immune evasion mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
Macrophages are highly versatile immune cells which, among other roles, eliminate pathogens and damaged cells through phagocytosis. (biorxiv.org)
A clear understanding of the function of macrophages, as well as their role in pathogens and inflammatory response, will delineate the next steps in the treatment of intestinal inflammatory diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Taken together, these results imply that CNTs may be 'sensed' as pathogens by immune cells. (uni-koeln.de)
In response to the rising threat of fungal infections, combined with existing and emerging resistance and treatability issues, we prioritize research of emergent fungal pathogens, considering their unmet research and development needs and perceived public health importance. (amc.edu)
Years of studies have unraveled myriad macrophage pathways that combat pathogens and demonstrated how pathogen effectors subvert these mechanisms. (amc.edu)
In the Jaumouillé lab, we are interested in the dynamics of the cytoskeleton and its impact on macrophage immune functions during the phagocytosis of pathogens and cancer cells. (sfu.ca)
Macrophages are central to host defense against microbes, but intracellular pathogens have evolved to evade their antimicrobial functions. (harvard.edu)

Regulatory macrophages (Mregs) represent a subset of anti-inflammatory macrophages. (wikipedia.org)

Fig. 2: Recovery from infection is followed by susceptibility to secondary pneumonia and reduction in phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages in mice. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Phagocytosis function of newly formed resident lung alveolar macrophages is altered locally by secondary inflammatory mediators released during infection. (nature.com)
Fig. 4: T reg cells and TGF-β are not major contributors to the paralysis program of alveolar macrophages. (nature.com)
Fig. 5: Phenotypic analysis origin of paralyzed alveolar macrophages. (nature.com)
Fig. 6: Sirpa is required for the priming, but not the maintenance, of the paralysis program of alveolar macrophages after infection. (nature.com)
Once in the lung, these particles activate alveolar macrophages (AM), a first step in the complicated inflammatory cascade and development of diseases. (cdc.gov)
Here, we describe an intratracheally instilled lentiviral system able to deliver genes selectively to as many as 70% of alveolar macrophages (AMs) in the mouse lung. (jci.org)
To gain deeper insight into how pulmonary epithelial cells respond to A. fumigatus invasion, we used transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) to determine the transcriptional response of the A549 type II alveolar epithelial cell line to infection with strains CEA10 and Af293, two clinical isolates of A. fumigatus. (bvsalud.org)

In perforin-deficient mice, the animal model of HLH, infection with microorganisms such as lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) initiates a similar uncontrolled immune response. (medscape.com)
The difference in the suppressive effect of infection between B6 and BALB/c mice was also observed in the primary anti-DNP antibody responses to DNP-KLH. (uky.edu)
In vitro studies using a primary antisheep erythrocytes (SRBC) antibody response system demonstrated that the activation of plastic-adherent suppressor cells by Toxoplasma infection, in which suppressor macrophages have been proved to be the responsible cells for the suppressive activity, was controlled by both H-2-linked and -nonlinked genes. (uky.edu)
In this review, we discuss the origin and development of macrophages and their role in the intestinal inflammatory response or infection. (frontiersin.org)
Optimal protection from HSV-1 infection provided by interactions between innate and acquired immune responses. (drexel.edu)
Welcome to the Macrophage Infection of HIV Implications for Pathogenesis and Cure meeting, jointly organized by the National Institute of Mental Health and the Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard. (nih.gov)
Although CD4 T cells are the main targets of HIV infection, macrophages also become infected and resist the cytopathic effects of infection, contributing potentially to HIV reservoir persistence. (nih.gov)
So this meeting will examine emerging data relating to macrophage interactions with the immune system during HIV infection, macrophage reservoirs and approaches to their elimination, and the involvement of CNS myeloid reservoirs and associated comorbidities. (nih.gov)
So on day one, Session 1 will focus on macrophages and the immune system during HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection, Session 2 will focus on challenges to study HIV/SIV reservoirs, and Session 3 will really have the highlights from recent awardees of the NIMH/NINDS/NIDA Myeloid Reservoir RFA. (nih.gov)
Macrophages are a heterogeneous group of immune cells that play important roles in resolution of injury, infection and tumor growth. (findaphd.com)
In one example, phosphate transport, requiring physically unlinked genes, was found to be critical for MTB growth in macrophages and important for establishing persistent infection in lungs. (harvard.edu)

In this context, in vitro macrophage-based assays are relevant to assess immunotherapeutics and question their mechanisms of action. (explicyte.com)
Based on our numerical results, we formulate hypotheses that could be further investigated by in vitro experiments to deepen our understanding of macrophage polarization. (biorxiv.org)
Comparative assessment of in vitro toxicity induced by crystalline silica and multiwalled carbon nanotube s in human and mouse macrophages. (cdc.gov)

Macrophages, which are functional plasticity cells, have the ability to phagocytize and digest foreign substances and acquire pro-(M1-like) or anti-inflammatory (M2-like) phenotypes according to their microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
Hypoxia (oxygen shortage) is another important tissue environmental factor, its impact on macrophage polarization and subsequent modification of the inflammatory microenvironment have not been fully established. (findaphd.com)
Hypoxia can promote macrophages accumulation, polarization and modify the inflammatory microenvironment in most solid tumours, which are generally hypoxic, leading to poor prognosis. (findaphd.com)
Our lab is interested in the macrophages found in the airway microenvironment. (amc.edu)
INTRODUCTION: Immune cells in the tumour microenvironment are associated with prognosis and response to therapy. (lu.se)

[ 1 , 2 ] Macrophage activation syndrome is characterized by pancytopenia, liver insufficiency, coagulopathy, and neurologic symptoms and is thought to be caused by the activation and uncontrolled proliferation of T lymphocytes and well-differentiated macrophages, leading to widespread hemophagocytosis and cytokine overproduction. (medscape.com)
They play a critical role in innate immunity and help to initiate the adaptive immune response through antigen presentation and cytokine signaling. (biorxiv.org)
The present study examined the effects of Sia + IgG on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived monocyte and macrophage surface marker expression and cytokine/chemokine secretion. (scirp.org)
Our data indicate that the Sia + fraction of IVIG possesses the ability to influence inflammatory processes in multiple immune cell types and induces novel signatures in cell surface marker expression and cytokine/chemokine production. (scirp.org)
Pathway analysis of the microarray data revealed pronounced effects on chemokine-encoding genes in macrophages exposed to SWCNTs, but not in response to GO, and these results were validated by multiplex array-based cytokine and chemokine profiling. (uni-koeln.de)
In CAR-T, lenzilumab successfully achieved the pre-specified primary endpoint at the recommended dose in a Phase 1b study with Yescarta® in which the overall response rate was 100% and no patient experienced severe cytokine release syndrome or severe neurotoxicity. (businesswire.com)

Our data extended prior observations of Sia + IgG on DC function and showed that Sia + IgG was able to differentially modulate multiple pathways in monocytes and macrophages. (scirp.org)
They are produced largely, but not exclusively, by monocytes and macrophages. (bvsalud.org)

The first signal promotes the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages and the second signal promotes immunosuppressive functions. (wikipedia.org)
Lastly, they differ in the expression of FIIZ1 (Resistin-like molecule alpha1) and YM1 which are differentiation markers present on alternatively activated macrophages. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike classically activated macrophages, Mregs produce low levels of IL-12, which is important because IL-12 induces differentiation of naïve helper T cells to Th1 cells which produce high levels of IFNγ. (wikipedia.org)
Atherosclerosis starts with dysfunctional changes in the endothelium induced by disturbed shear stress which can lead to endothelial and platelet activation, adhesion of monocytes on the activated endothelium, and differentiation into proinflammatory macrophages, which increase the uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and turn into foam cells, exacerbating the inflammatory signalling. (hindawi.com)
We intend to identify microenvironmental factors that impact macrophages differentiation and function. (amc.edu)

In general, macrophages are a very dynamic and plastic cell type and can be divided into two main groups: classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2). (wikipedia.org)
Surprisingly, Mregs resemble classically activated macrophages more than alternatively activated macrophages, due to higher biochemical similarity. (wikipedia.org)

Schematic diagram of macrophage preparation to evaluate immunotherapeutics on their polarization and function in immuno-oncology. (explicyte.com)
The N-glycome showed a dramatic change during human monocyte-to-macrophage transition ( 17 ) and murine macrophage polarization ( 18 ). (frontiersin.org)
In this paper, we present and analyze a mathematical model for polarization of a single macrophage which, despite its simplicity, exhibits complex dynamics in terms of multistability. (biorxiv.org)
Macrophage polarization is mediated in part, through the canonical Janus- or TYK2-kinases (JAK)-Signaling signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway. (biorxiv.org)
Based on TH1/TH2 (IL18/IL4) ratio, there was a concentration-dependent polarization to TH1 response. (cdc.gov)
Sia + IgG also increased the expression of cell surface markers associated with macrophage polarization (e.g. (scirp.org)
The proposed project aims to design a novel molecular hydrogel platform based on novel molecular materials [3-8] to create synthetic extracellular matrix with tunable stiffness and oxygen self-generation ability to modulate macrophage polarization. (findaphd.com)
By tuning the mechanical properties of the hydrogels and the concentration of self-generated molecular oxygen, we aim to investigate the crosstalk between the hydrogel mechanics and molecular oxygen level on macrophage polarization and their respective molecular pathways. (findaphd.com)

Here we compared the effects of two carbon-based nanomaterials, single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) and graphene oxide (GO), on primary human monocyte-derived macrophages. (uni-koeln.de)

On the other hand, phagosomes are formed when the pathogen is engulfed by macrophages and fuse with lysosomes to release enzymes and toxic substances, resulting in killing or having cytotoxic effects on bacteria and tumor cells. (frontiersin.org)
In the setting of cancer, instead of eliciting effector pathways that would lead to tumor elimination, these antibodies might promote down-regulation of the cellular inflammatory responses to the tumor. (scirp.org)

We also consider important differences between COVID-19 and influenza, mainly the protean clinical presentation and associated lymphopenia of COVID-19, the contrasting role of interferon-γ in mediating the host immune response to these viruses, and the tropism for vascular endothelial cells of SARS-CoV-2, commenting on the potential limitations of influenza as a model for COVID-19. (ersjournals.com)
It has been proposed that PD-1H can be useful to modulate the host immune response to allogeneic transplants. (biolegend.com)
We identify mutants showing decreased growth in macrophage environments that model stages of the host immune response. (harvard.edu)
Conclusions The gene expression profile of T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma, in comparison with that of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma, shows features suggestive of a distinct tolerogenic host immune response that may play a key role in the aggressive behavior of this lymphoma, and that may serve as a potential target for future therapy. (haematologica.org)

These data suggest that host macrophage activation contributes to EVD pathogenesis and that directed antiinflammatory therapies could be beneficial in the treatment of EVD. (cdc.gov)
So we at the NIMH Division of AIDS Research are very happy to be co-sponsoring this conference with the Ragon Institute, recognizing the importance of macrophages in HIV pathogenesis and cure efforts. (nih.gov)
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has elicited a swift response by the scientific community to elucidate the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced lung injury and develop effective therapeutics. (ersjournals.com)
In this review we connect the current understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle and host response to the clinical presentation of COVID-19, borrowing concepts from influenza A virus-induced ARDS pathogenesis and discussing how these ideas inform our evolving understanding of COVID-19-induced ARDS. (ersjournals.com)

Behind these opposing subsets, macrophages exhibit a level of plasticity and are themselves capable of mutually regulating each other along a sliding scale between pro- and anti-inflammatory functions. (explicyte.com)

We are seeking a highly motivated candidate with strong academic background in immunology, chemistry, biology or related area for a multidisciplinary PhD project focused on development of biomaterials with immune modulatory properties with potential applications in immune therapy and vaccination. (findaphd.com)
Dr. Jaumouillé's lab combines immunology, microscopy, cell and molecular biology techniques to study the mechanobiology of immune processes. (sfu.ca)

The large number of macrophages in the intestinal tract, play a significant role in maintaining the homeostasis of microorganisms on the surface of the intestinal mucosa and in the continuous renewal of intestinal epithelial cells. (frontiersin.org)
The intestinal tract is the largest independent immune system in the body. (frontiersin.org)
1. We revealed roles of intestinal CD169-positive macrophages in colitis, and identified the transcriptional factor regulating the function of these macrophages. (nii.ac.jp)

The main interest of our group is in clarifying how host and environmental factors influence the early phases of the immune response to bacteria that reside within or infect via the gastrointestinal tract. (massgeneral.org)
Brucella penetrates the macrophages within membranous vesicles that are not fused with lysosomes (structures containing cellular products necessary to destroy bacteria) as occurs in other micro-organisms. (sciencedaily.com)
It activates macrophages, which are white blood cells the immune system sends out to gobble up foreign cells like bacteria and cancer. (webmd.com)

Syngeneic cells induced negligible neutrophil or Mφ responses. (aai.org)
On the other hand, surface reactivity and the ability of some smaller GO sheets to interact more readily with immune cells seem to be key parameters that can be tuned to improve the safety profile of GO. (springer.com)
Similar effect provoked interaction of macrophages and B1 B cells. (wikipedia.org)
From here, the antigen is slowly released and provided to immune cells over an extended period of time. (mdpi.com)
Macrophages are important immune cells that participate in both innate and adaptive immune responses, such as phagocytosis, recognition of molecular patterns, and activation of the immune response. (frontiersin.org)
Macrophages are immune cells widely distributed throughout the body and are components of innate immunity. (frontiersin.org)
Glycans are one of the four fundamental macromolecular components of all cells and are highly regulated in immune cells, including macrophages. (frontiersin.org)
Overall, THP-1 cells produced a greater inflammatory response to particle exposure than RAW 264.7 cells and MWCNTs were more potent than CS. (cdc.gov)
Principle component analysis showed that the response, at same doses can be easily distinguished between particle type and was more apparent in THP-1 than RAW cells. (cdc.gov)
Pristine and derivatised CNTs can activate complement primarily via the classical pathway which enhances uptake of CNTs and suppresses pro-inflammatory response by immune cells. (le.ac.uk)
Research carried out with the participation of the University of Navarra has shown how a determinate molecule helps an important pathogen, Brucella abortus, escape destruction within the cells charged with eliminating infectious agents (macrophages). (sciencedaily.com)
Oct. 18, 2022 Researchers have developed a new, machine learning-based technique to accurately classify the state of macrophages, which are key immune cells. (sciencedaily.com)
May 13, 2021 B cells are the immune cells responsible for creating antibodies, and most produce antibodies in response to a pathogen or a vaccine. (sciencedaily.com)
There have been studies on whether monoclonal antibodies or other drugs might help macrophages kill cancer cells. (webmd.com)
However, how these materials are 'sensed' by immune cells is not known. (uni-koeln.de)
Cell surface sensors on immune cells that ordinarily recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns produced by infectious agents may also interact with DAMPs, leading to the activation of signaling pathways resulting in a nonpathogen-induced 'sterile' inflammatory response. (nature.com)
Both infect cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage and cause lifelong infections. (mdpi.com)
Additional talks provided new data on the means by which ethanol suppresses adaptive immunity, with an emphasis on DC-mediated activation of T cells, effector T cell activity, and T cell-driven B cell responses. (nih.gov)
Therefore, I joined the Jaumouillé lab to study the interaction between the biomechanical properties of immune cells and their role in complex diseases like cancer. (sfu.ca)
Phagocytosis is a mechanism where immune cells like macrophages digest and present particulate material to promote specific immune responses. (sfu.ca)
This treatment utilizes a patient's own immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. (aacr.org)
RESULTS: CD4-Eff cells, CD8-Eff cells and M1 macrophages were the most abundant immune cells invading the tumour cell compartment and indicated a patient group with a favourable prognosis in the cluster analysis. (lu.se)
However, when these immune cells were located close to CD8-Treg cells, the favourable impact was attenuated. (lu.se)
B cells One of the body's lines of defense ( immune system) involves white blood cells (leukocytes) that travel through the bloodstream and into tissues, searching for and attacking microorganisms and. (msdmanuals.com)
2) T cell deficiencies affect the function in killing infected cells or helping other immune cells. (lu.se)

2. We revealed the regulatory mechanisms of neutrophil function by macrophages, and the molecular mechanisms of netosis. (nii.ac.jp)
CLEC9A modulates macrophage-mediated neutrophil recruitment in response to heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. (nih.gov)

While macrophages play a central role in innate immune inflammatory mechanisms and in priming adaptive responses, they exhibit phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets, influenced by their environment and local stimuli. (explicyte.com)

July 21, 2022 Macrophages play a central role in our immune response. (sciencedaily.com)

My team within the Experimental Virology Group focuses on immune mechanisms triggered by acute viral infections. (rug.nl)
Ongoing transcriptomic studies may further differentiate the mechanisms of particle toxicity in different types of macrophages. (cdc.gov)
Furthermore, we aim to identify the fungal mechanisms used to evade immune response. (amc.edu)
We argue that the impaired interferon-I and -III response of severe COVID-19 is reminiscent of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and influenza pathobiology, suggesting conserved virulence mechanisms among these viruses. (ersjournals.com)
Adaptive immune mechanisms recognize and neutralize foreign molecules or microorganisms in a specific manner. (lu.se)

The requirement for Mφ reflects their ability to mount a rapid, local innate response that stimulates T cell recruitment and, having received T cell help, to act as direct effectors of rejection. (aai.org)

Innate immune humoral factors, C1q and factor H, with differential pattern recognition properties, alter macrophage response to carbon nanotubes. (le.ac.uk)
After 24 weeks of sustained gene expression, no humoral or cellular immune responses to hAAT protein were detected. (jci.org)
The immune response to enteroviruses is mainly humoral, mediated by secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) in nasal and alimentary secretions. (medscape.com)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has successfully exploited macrophages as its primary niche in vivo, but the bacterial genome-wide requirements that promote its intracellular survival remain undefined. (harvard.edu)

Increased expression of Clec9A on cDC1s associated with cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell response in COPD. (nih.gov)

In conclusion, we demonstrate that TLR2 diminishes the development of adaptive immune responses during experimental deep dermatophytosis and, in a diabetic scenario, acts to intensify a non-protective inflammatory response. (frontiersin.org)

In this immune reaction, antibody immunosuppressive, immunostimulatory, and autoim- is directed against a person's own cellular surface anti- mune. (cdc.gov)

Mregs can arise following innate or adaptive immune responses. (wikipedia.org)

Nonvascularized xenografts, such as tissue cultured fetal pig pancreas (FPP) 3 or islets, are not prone to hyperacute rejection by preformed Abs, but are rejected within 10 days by an aggressive cell-mediated response that is difficult to prevent compared with allograft rejection ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). (aai.org)
M2a, mainly known as alternatively activated macrophages, are macrophages associated with tissue healing due to the production of components of extracellular matrix. (wikipedia.org)

Autoimmune Disorders An autoimmune disorder is a malfunction of the body's immune system that causes the body to attack its own tissues. (msdmanuals.com)

While long MWCNTs dispersed in 0.5% BSA induced a granulomatous response on the diaphragmatic mesothelium and immune cell recruitment to the peritoneal cavity, GO sheets dispersed under similar conditions did not cause any response, regardless of their lateral dimensions. (springer.com)

Our team has identified a molecule called HCK, which prevents macrophages to inhibit anti-tumour immune responses," Professor Ernst said. (edu.au)

Nonvascularized xenograft rejection is T cell mediated, but is dependent on initial macrophage (Mφ) infiltration. (aai.org)
These innate responses preceded T cell infiltration and occurred in their absence in SCID mice. (aai.org)
This type of hyperinflammatory state is reminiscent of 2 rheumatologic disorders known as macrophage activation syndrome and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, which are characterized by macrophage and T-cell activation. (cdc.gov)
An evaluation of 2 cohorts of patients with EVD revealed that a marker of macrophage activation (sCD163) but not T-cell activation (sCD25) was associated with severe and fatal EVD. (cdc.gov)
Typically, patients with macrophage activation syndrome become acutely ill with the sudden onset of nonremitting high fever, profound depression in all 3 blood cell lines (ie, leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia), hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and elevated serum liver enzyme levels. (medscape.com)
Unlike M1 macrophages, which stimulate T cell response thereby inducing an increase in IFNγ production in anti-CD3-activated PBMC/M1 co-culture, M2 macrophages exhibit a suppressive activity of T cell activity shown through IFNγ level decrease. (explicyte.com)
On the contrary, these immune checkpoint inhibitors further promote the M1-mediated T cell response stimulation. (explicyte.com)
A prolonged macrophage lifespan, rather than precursor cell proliferation, accounted for the surprisingly sustained presence of transduced AMs. (jci.org)
Macrophages are a key cell type in innate immunity. (amc.edu)
Macrophages, a type of white blood cell, can suppress the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. (edu.au)
neoantigens that elicit T-cell responses are identified as immunogenic. (aacr.org)
Design and Methods We collected 33 cases of T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma and 56 cases of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma and performed microarray gene expression profiling on ten cases of each lymphoma, to obtain a better understanding of the lymphoma host response. (haematologica.org)
We aimed to comprehensively characterise the spatial immune phenotypes in the mutational and clinicopathological background of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (lu.se)
CONCLUSION: We present a unique spatial profile of the in situ immune cell landscape in NSCLC as a publicly available data set. (lu.se)

The gut needs to produce a strong protective immune response to resist the invasion of pathogenic antigens, while similar reactions to harmless antigens such as dietary proteins or symbiotic microorganisms, may lead to chronic inflammatory diseases. (frontiersin.org)
This information will aid the design of novel immune-instructive materials with desired immune regulatory properties that could be used for a range of applications including promoting pathogen clearance and treating chronic inflammatory diseases such as cardiovascular disease, chronic wound and arthritis amongst others. (findaphd.com)
Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are intrinsic defects of the immune system. (lu.se)

Antigens are any substances that the immune system can recognize and that can thus stimulate an immune response. (msdmanuals.com)

Thus, soluble complement factors can interact differentially with CNTs and alter the immune response even without complement activation. (le.ac.uk)
The results show a set of genes, differentially regulated in the adult DRG, that are principally involved in immune system modulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Differential analysis reveals a new set of immune related genes in the ganglia, that are differentially regulated in adult neuropathic pain, and that are consistent with the selective activation of macrophages around adult, but not young large A sensory neurons post injury. (biomedcentral.com)

Hypercytokinemia accompanied by severe clinical disease seen in EVD is reminiscent of what has been described for macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). (cdc.gov)
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a life-threatening complication of rheumatic disease that, for unknown reasons, occurs much more frequently in individuals with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) and in those with adult-onset Still disease. (medscape.com)
The treatment of macrophage activation syndrome is traditionally based on the parenteral administration of high doses of corticosteroids. (medscape.com)
Macrophage activation syndrome is characterized by a highly stimulated but ineffective immune response. (medscape.com)
Recent studies have shown that MUNC 13-4 polymorphisms are associated with macrophage activation syndrome in some patients with SJIA. (medscape.com)

The immune system consists of a large number of molecules and processes, and immunodeficiencies can therefore be caused by genetic alterations at many loci. (lu.se)
Among other activities, we focus on the role of immune responses against modified self-antigens and on developing therapies targeting these immune processes. (lu.se)

The most enriched proteins released were the nucleosomal histones, which have previously been identified as damage-associated molecular pattern proteins (DAMPs) that can initiate sterile inflammatory responses. (nature.com)

Here we comprehensively identify the MTB genes required for survival by screening for transposon mutants that fail to grow within primary macrophages. (harvard.edu)
Remarkably, the majority of MTB genes found by this analysis to be required for survival are constitutively expressed rather than regulated by macrophages, revealing the host-adapted lifestyle of an evolutionarily selected intracellular pathogen. (harvard.edu)

The physiological role of Mregs is to dampen the immune response and immunopathology. (wikipedia.org)
Macrophages also play an important role in viral clearance. (medscape.com)

One clinical trial has studied a type of engineered macrophage called CAR-M and found that it may be an effective form of immunotherapy for solid tumors. (webmd.com)
Immune-instructive materials as new tools for immunotherapy. (findaphd.com)
The third plenary session of the AACR Annual Meeting 2019 , titled "Manipulating the Immune System in Cancer Therapy," focused on recent advances in the field of immunotherapy. (aacr.org)

While mastering the key specifications of our macrophage-based models and their subtleties, our scientific and experimental expertise governs the relevance of our macrophage assays in evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapeutics either on the stimulatory M1 capacities or, especially, in relieving the suppressive functions of M2 macrophages. (explicyte.com)
The AIRIG meeting was held to exchange new findings and ideas regarding the profound suppressive effects of alcohol exposure on the immune system. (nih.gov)

Macrophage-mediated suppression of immune responses in Toxoplasma-infected mice. (uky.edu)
C57BL/6 (B6), C57BL/10 (B10), and SJL mice showed markedly suppressed secondary anti-DNP responses when infected. (uky.edu)
The infected DBA/2 and C3H/He mice produced moderately suppressed responses. (uky.edu)
However, in BALB/c mice, the responses were not affected even by inoculation with 1 × 10 4 organisms. (uky.edu)
Dive into the research topics of 'Macrophage-mediated suppression of immune responses in Toxoplasma-infected mice. (uky.edu)

Our bodies make the protein GcMAF to activate macrophages. (webmd.com)

Anatomy44

Organisms18

Diseases13

Chemicals and Drugs100

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes52

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Dendritic cells4

Inflammation14

Neutrophils3

Peritoneal macrophages5

Phenotype7

Phagocytic2

Cytokines9

Pathogens8

Anti-inflammatory macrophages1

Alveolar8

Infection11

Vitro3

Microenvironment5

Cytokine6

Monocytes and macrophages2

Differentiation5

Classically activated2

Polarization8

Monocyte-derived1

Tumor2

Host immune response4

Pathogenesis4

Plasticity1

Immunology2

Intestinal3

Bacteria3

Cells25

Neutrophil2

Subsets1

20221

Mechanisms5

Innate response1

Humoral3

Mycobacterium1

Cytotoxic1

Inflammatory response1

Cellular1

Adaptive immune1

Tissue2

Tissues1

Recruitment1

Inhibit1

Cell14

Diseases3

Recognize1

Differentially3

Activation syndrome5

Processes2

Molecular1

Genes2

Role2

Immunotherapy3

Suppressive2

Mice5

Activate1