Immature fertilization in vitro in vitro oocyte maturation techniques. Medical search. Frequent questions

In vitro maturation (IVM) is the technique of letting the contents of ovarian follicles and the oocytes inside mature in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
Of these primordial follicles, only around 400 mature oocytes are released and could be potentially fertilised, with the rest undergoing atresia. (wikipedia.org)
Primordial follicles containing the primary oocyte, arrested at prophase of meiosis I, develop into primary follicle containing cuboidal granulosa cells. (wikipedia.org)
If without the use of priming, oocytes are obtained when the largest follicles are around 10mm in size. (wikipedia.org)
Depending on whether you are aspirating mature or immature follicles, the protocol differs slightly. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, it is more important that the aspirate is filtered when retrieving immature follicles, as the follicles are much smaller and harder to see in the fluid extracted. (wikipedia.org)
biopsied human ovarian tissue and achieved a 10% rate of maturation from unilaminar follicles into metaphase II by a multi-step culture system: 8 days of culture in a serum-free medium 8 days of culture in a serum-free medium with activin A 4 days of culture on membranes with activin A and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). (wikipedia.org)
As follicles grow, they acquire receptors for luteinizing hormone, a pituitary hormone that reinitiates meiosis in the oocyte and causes ovulation of a fertilizable egg. (wikipedia.org)
the number} of sex gland follicles and therefore the number of immature oocytes recovered. (ferty9.co.in)
The standard diameter needle was used to collect a total of 215 oocytes from 355 aspirated follicles (60.6%) compared to 203 oocytes from 352 aspirated follicles (57.7%) with the thinner needle (p = 0.23). (biomedcentral.com)
In this prospective study we, therefore, tested the hypothesis that a small diameter (20 G/ 35 mm) needle, primarily utilized in IVM cycles, compared to standard larger diameter (17 G/ 35 mm) needle, will result in more oocytes retrieved, especially from smaller follicles, containing potentially immature oocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
Oocytes were collected from aspirated porcine tertiary follicles. (biomedcentral.com)
These protease-induced decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 likely cause increased levels of bioavailable (or free) IGFs that stimulate steroidogenesis and mitogenesis in developing dominant follicles, which ultimately prepare the follicle(s) and oocyte(s) for successful ovulation and fertilization. (bioone.org)
Results showed that after 8 days in vitro cultured in DMEM containing FSH, the average number of preantral follicles isolated from each whole, partially-cut and completely-cut ovaries were 16.1 + 3.3, 26.8 ± 7.7 and 12.3 + 1.9, respectively. (yarsi.ac.id)
Development in vitro of mouse oocytes from primordial follicles. (yarsi.ac.id)
Recent Achievements in in vitro culture and preservation of ovarian follicles in mammals. (yarsi.ac.id)
Factors influencing the rate of preantral and antral growth of mouse ovarian follicles in vitro. (yarsi.ac.id)
Retrospective analysis to determine the size of follicles on day of trigger contributing most to the number of mature oocytes retrieved using generalized linear regression and random forest models applied to data from IVF cycles (2014-2017) in which either hCG, GnRHa, or kisspeptin trigger was used. (plandl.best)
Follicles 12-19 mm on the day of trigger contributed the most to the number of oocytes and mature oocytes retrieved. (plandl.best)
Using simulated follicle size profiles of patients with 20 follicles on the day of trigger, our model predicts that the number of oocytes retrieved would increase from a mean 9.8 (95% prediction limit 9.3-10.3) to 14.8 (95% prediction limit 13.3-16.3) oocytes due to the difference in follicle size profile alone. (plandl.best)
Follicles 12-19 mm on the morning of trigger administration were most likely to yield a mature oocyte following hCG, GnRHa, or kisspeptin. (plandl.best)
Once ovarian follicles grow to an appropriate size, a trigger is administered to mature the oocytes in preparation for oocyte retrieval. (plandl.best)
Most IVF centers will therefore, monitor follicular size and administer the trigger of oocyte maturation once follicles are deemed to have grown to an appropriate size. (plandl.best)
Importantly, knowledge of the size of follicles on day of trigger from which one could reasonably expect to retrieve a mature oocyte could enable the accurate determination of trigger efficacy. (plandl.best)
Failure to take the HCG will result in an egg collection with apparently empty follicles as the eggs will not be ready for aspiration or eggs that are retrieved will be immature. (dominionfertility.com)
Throughout a female's reproductive lifespan, the ovaries undergo continual structural changes that are crucial for the maturation of ovarian follicles and the production of sex steroid hormones. (mdpi.com)
Beginning on day 4 of culture, we observed significantly higher follicular and oocyte growth rates in follicles co-cultured with AOECs compared with follicles on gel or matrigel. (biomedcentral.com)
This model is a novel platform for the in vitro maturation of early follicles and for the future exploration of endothelial-follicular communication. (biomedcentral.com)
In vitro development of early follicles necessitates a complex interplay of growth factors and signals required for development. (biomedcentral.com)
These drawbacks could be overcome by the ability to mature early follicles in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)

It can be offered to women with infertility problems, combined with In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), offering women pregnancy without ovarian stimulation. (wikipedia.org)
By 1991, the first human pregnancy was recorded using IVM followed by IVF, and in 1994 the first birth using IVM oocytes from polycystic ovarian syndrome patients was recorded highlighting that PCOS patient's oocytes are capable of maturation. (wikipedia.org)
Needle diameter does not affect oocyte yield, including in obese patients and patients with diminished ovarian reserve. (biomedcentral.com)
Especially in patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) or premature ovarian aging (POA), even a small increase in the number of oocytes has the potential to significantly improve pregnancy rates [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The mammalian oocyte orchestrates the rate of ovarian follicular development. (yarsi.ac.id)
in 2015 showed that supplementation of CoQ10 in an aged animal model delayed decline in ovarian reserve, restored oocyte mitochondrial gene expression, and improved mitochondrial activity with a significant reduction in oocyte aneuploidy. (arvigen.com)
The aim of this study is to investigate the role of activated ovarian endothelial cells in early in-vitro follicular development. (biomedcentral.com)

Embryos produced outside the breeding season can be frozen for later transfer, which makes these techniques very versatile. (ivis.org)
However, other procedures based on the in vivo and in vitro production of equine embryos have emerged in recent years. (ivis.org)
Reasons for the delayed development of in vivo and in vitro production of equine embryos include the scarce availability of abattoir ovaries and the lack of interest from horse breeders and registries. (ivis.org)
Many women area unit diagnosed with cancer and don't have any partners to fertilize eggs and build embryos for fertilization . (ferty9.co.in)
Influence of organochlorine pesticides on development of mouse embryos in vitro . (cdc.gov)
The court treated frozen embryos possessed by an in vitro fertilization clinic as property owned by the parents and held under a bailment contract by the clinic. (asu.edu)
Retrospectively, it seems absurd, but the respected big-bearded academics disregarded the obvious fact that - unlike those of frogs and salamanders - oocytes and embryos of mammals are extremely sensitive to temperature changes and do not tolerate exposition to room temperature, not even for a short period. (vitavitro.com)

To characterize the effect of artificially increasing MIR21 on oocyte competence without inhibiting GVBD, a MIR21 mimic, scrambled microRNA negative control, or nuclease free water was micro-injected into denuded oocytes at 21 h of IVM. (biomedcentral.com)
Differential FSH exposure in preantral follicle culture has marked effects on folliculogenesis and oocyte developmental competence. (yarsi.ac.id)
Follicle-stimulating hormone administered at the time of human chorionic gonadotropin trigger improves oocyte developmental competence in in vitro fertilization cycles: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. (druglib.com)

ICSI produced the first pregnancy derived from an in vitro matured oocyte [ 5 ], and it was successfully carried to term. (ivis.org)
The subsequent steps are identical to those in IVF/ICSI, including oocyte culture, fertilization check, embryo culture and grading, and embryo transfer. (artfertilityclinics.com)
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a technique developed to overcome male infertility attributed to impaired semen quality. (artfertilityclinics.com)
Mature oocytes area unit impregnated victimization of the ICSI technique . (ferty9.co.in)
The sperm thus retrieved by our expert andrologist,Can then be used for injecting the wife's oocytes by ICSI and thereby help give the couple their own biological offspring. (sreefertility.com)
For some patients with a zero sperm count (azoospermia), sperm can often be retrieved directly from the testes using a fine needle aspiration technique - immature sperm thus retrieved can then be matured in vitro and injected into the wife's oocytes by ICSI to achieve a viable pregnancy and livebirth. (sreefertility.com)

Today, the most practical use of OPU or transabdominal follicle aspiration is to recover in vivo matured oocytes [ 9 ] for oocyte transfer. (ivis.org)
Relating in vitro to in vivo exposures with physiologically-based tissue dosimetry and tissue response models. (cdc.gov)
This study was conducted to evaluate in vivo and in vitro development of in vitro-matured equine oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (bioone.org)
In vivo development was assessed after transfer of injected oocytes to the oviducts of recipient mares. (bioone.org)

Usage of melatonin during in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures has been found to improve oocyte quality, survival, and fecundity. (jrhm.org)
The present review discusses methods to improve oocyte quality in older women and new stimulation protocols that may improve the number of mature oocytes retrieved during an in vitro fertilization cycle. (arvigen.com)

As atresia continues, both the number and quality of oocytes fall below a critical level, and the rate of aneuploidy increases - a finding that is related at least in part to problems of the meiotic spindle 15 , 16 resulting in nondisjunction. (ldysinger.com)
The decreased quality of oocytes involves an increased rate of chromosomal aneuploidy with aging predominantly related to meiotic errors during oocyte maturation. (arvigen.com)

As a result, these aged mice had more oocytes with stimulation, the developmental potential of the oocytes was improved, and more offspring were born compared to old animals receiving placebo 1. (arvigen.com)

Through in vitro maturation, folliculogenesis and latter parts of oogenesis are being mimicked outside of the ovaries- trying to recreate the conditions for these processes. (wikipedia.org)
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the protection of enoxaparin (E) against experimental ischemic (I) and ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat ovaries on in vitro fertilization outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
It was aimed to evaluate the effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) protection on in vitro fertilization (IVF) results against experimental ischemic (I) and ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat ovaries. (bvsalud.org)
It has been hypothesized that in gonadal dysgenesis various deletions on the X chromosome cause such rapid atresia of oocytes 5 that few girls with this condition reach puberty with functioning ovaries. (ldysinger.com)
With IVM treatment , secretion medical care isn't taken to supply massive quantities of mature ovules at the time of gamete extraction, however, immature oocytes pass through the ovaries of ladies and mature within the laboratory for 24-48 hours. (ferty9.co.in)
Oocytes were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, matured in vitro, and injected with frozen-thawed stallion sperm. (bioone.org)

Priming is the process by which the oocytes are primed with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) before retrieval. (wikipedia.org)
Oocyte retrieval from donor. (lushfertility.in)
Donor egg program includes oocyte retrieval from healthy young oocyte. (lushfertility.in)
This study was designed to determine whether small diameter needles for oocyte retrieval alter oocyte yields in patients undergoing IVF in comparison to standard large diameter needles. (biomedcentral.com)
Since this study involved standard retrieval techniques and approved standard needles, in routine use at the center, the study underwent expedited approval by the center's IRB. (biomedcentral.com)
1,500 IU human chorionic gonadotropin administered at oocyte retrieval rescues the luteal phase when gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist is used for ovulation induction: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. (druglib.com)

Diagram showing the reduction in number of the chromosomes in the process of maturation of the ovum . (wikipedia.org)
oocytogenesis , ootidogenesis , and finally maturation to form an ovum (oogenesis proper). (wikipedia.org)
Embryology is the scientific study of the development of the embryo, from the fertilisation of the ovum to a fully developed foetus. (worldmedic-ivf.com)

Maturation of the mammalian oocyte is a complex process involving internal checkpoints and bidirectional communication with the surrounding cumulus cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Effect of follicle isolation technique on in vitro follicular development, oocyte maturation and embryo development in mice. (yarsi.ac.id)
Duplicating the complex interaction of growth factors, cellular and hormonal signals required for follicular development and oocyte maturation in vitro is challenging. (biomedcentral.com)

A better understanding of the function of this organ and of the chronology of sperm maturation may elucidate the etiological background of many idiopathic subfertilities that are related to disorders in sperm maturation. (encyclopedia.pub)

During ovulation, the primary oocyte will resume meiosis in response to signals, arresting in metaphase meiosis II, ready for fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
[2] It is developed from the primary oocyte by maturation. (wikipedia.org)

Fertility preservation is the technique of conserving or storing one's. (lushfertility.in)
In vitro maturation may be a safe and effective treatment offered at fertility centers for a motor-assisted copy. (ferty9.co.in)
We performed a literature review to summarize data on the assessment of fertility potential and response to in vitro fertilization techniques on BRCA mutation carriers. (bmj.com)

They showed maturation occurs in isolation from normal follicular environment. (wikipedia.org)
Female infants have 6 to 7 million oocytes at 20 weeks of gestation, when progressive atresia occurs, resulting in 1 to 2 million oocytes at birth, approximately 25,000 at the age of 37 years, and 1000 at the age of 51 years, the average age of natural menopause in the United States. (ldysinger.com)
Oocyte meiosis, important to all animal life cycles yet unlike all other instances of animal cell division, occurs completely without the aid of spindle -coordinating centrosomes . (wikipedia.org)
Oogenesis starts with the process of developing primary oocytes, which occurs via the transformation of oogonia into primary oocytes , a process called oocytogenesis . (wikipedia.org)
Germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) occurs during oocyte meiotic maturation, a period when transcriptional processes are virtually inactive. (biomedcentral.com)
The oocyte must maintain arrest at the diplotene stage until meiotic resumption occurs. (biomedcentral.com)
In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) is a procedure in which fertilisation occurs outside the body. (worldmedic-ivf.com)

Mammalian oocytes are maintained in meiotic prophase arrest for a very long time-months in mice, years in humans. (wikipedia.org)
However, as the oocyte grows, these proteins are synthesized, and meiotic arrest becomes dependent on cyclic AMP . (wikipedia.org)
Maintenance of meiotic arrest also depends on the presence of a multilayered complex of cells, known as a follicle, that surrounds the oocyte. (wikipedia.org)
In the oocyte, cyclic GMP prevents the breakdown of cyclic AMP by the phosphodiesterase PDE3, and thus maintains meiotic arrest. (wikipedia.org)
Inhibition of nuclear meiotic maturation via IBMX significantly increased MIR21 and decreased its target, PDCD4. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results indicate MIR21 is active and important during meiotic maturation of the oocyte. (biomedcentral.com)
Of particular interest is understanding the role of non-coding RNA in regulating meiotic checkpoints in the oocyte, particularly that of microRNA-21 (MIR21). (biomedcentral.com)

The progressive loss of oocytes from fetal life through menopause is a normal process. (ldysinger.com)

Oocytes are classified depending on their condition, such as number of cumulus cells. (wikipedia.org)
Following in vitro maturation, the oocytes were denuded of Cumulus cells mechanically by gently pipetting and examined under stereo microscope, with 60x magnification. (jove.com)

These then begin meiosis to form the oocyte within the primordial follicle. (wikipedia.org)
Awakening the oocyte: controlling primordial follicle development. (yarsi.ac.id)

Blastocyst is a term describing a stage in embryonic growth which an embryo reaches five or six days from fertilisation. (worldmedic-ivf.com)

This hormone serves as a trigger to incite the final maturation and release of the egg (ovulation). (dominionfertility.com)

Variations in L-selectin ligand expression in the luteal-phase endometrium after final oocyte maturation with human chorionic gonadotropin compared with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. (druglib.com)

RESULTS: When the number of metaphase II oocytes was evaluated, statistically significant differences were observed between the I and I+E (p=0.001) and I/R and I/R+E (p=0.000) groups. (bvsalud.org)
[10] Meiosis then proceeds to second metaphase, where it pauses again until fertilization. (wikipedia.org)

Georgeanna Seegar Jones was a reproductive endocrinologist who created one of America' s most successful infertility clinics in West Virginia and eventually, along with her husband Howard W. Jones MD, performed the first in vitro fertilization in America, leading to the birth of Elizabeth Jordan Carr. (asu.edu)
The introduction of this technique completely changed-and greatly improved-our ability to treat even the most difficult cases of infertility, many of which were previously untreatable. (dominionfertility.com)

Assessment of the need for follicle stimulating hormone in early preantral mouse follicle culture in vitro. (yarsi.ac.id)
Regulation of mouse follicle development by follicle stimulating hormone in a three-dimensional in vitro culture system is dependent on follicle stage and dose. (yarsi.ac.id)

Background: Induction of in vitro maturation and development of immature oocyte is one of the methods that has been frequently used recently in artificial reproduction techniques and has drawn attention of many investigators. (virascience.com)

Poor in vitro embryo development is a major obstacle in porcine assisted reproduction. (mdpi.com)
In the current study, we utilized modified Spirulina maxima pectin nanoparticles as a supplement to improve porcine in vitro maturation medium. (mdpi.com)

The protocol aims at providing a standard method for the vitrification of adult and juvenile sheep oocytes. (jove.com)
Juvenile oocyte vitrification was a lot shorter in the generation interval in breeding programs. (jove.com)
In this video, we describe a protocol for the vitrification of sheep oocyte, collected from both juvenile and adult donors, and in vitro matured to prior to cryopreservation. (jove.com)
The protocol include all the procedures from in vitro maturation, vitrification, warming, and post-warming culture. (jove.com)
The selection of the oocytes to submit at the vitrification procedures represent the first important step to warranty the successful application of this procedure. (jove.com)
The loading of the oocyte in the vitrification device used is an important and critical step. (jove.com)
In this method, the oocytes in the vitrification solution, less than 0 point milliliter are rapidly loaded with a glass capillary on top of the film strip. (jove.com)
The VitaVitro OPS kit is also the only commercially available vitrification method that offers direct online consultation with the creator of the technique, providing a unique guarantee for efficiency and reliability. (ivf.net)

In vitro fertilization (IVF) involves combining an egg and sperm within a laboratory setting to create an embryo. (ivf.net)
A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications. (mdpi.com)

In normal women, at approximately 37.5 years of age, an accelerated atresia of the oocytes begins 1 , 2 ( Figure 1 ). (ldysinger.com)

Instead, many efforts concentrated on conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF). (ivis.org)

Further, melatonin and its receptors play a significant role in antioxidant defense mechanism of ovary for follicular growth and maturation. (jrhm.org)

Gasic, S., Mihola, O. & Trachtulec, Z. Prdm9 deficiency of rat oocytes causes synapsis among non-homologous chromosomes and aneuploidy. (cuni.cz)

To identify follicle sizes on the day of trigger most likely to yield a mature oocyte following hCG, GnRH agonist (GnRHa), or kisspeptin during IVF treatment. (plandl.best)
However, limited data exist to establish which follicle size on the day of trigger is most likely to yield a mature oocyte. (plandl.best)

11 Among women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in the United States, deliveries per oocyte retrieved decreased from 36.9 percent among women under the age of 35 years to 20.5 percent among women between the ages of 38 and 40 years and to 10.7 percent among women between the ages of 41 and 42 years. (ldysinger.com)
Embryo transfer is typically done two to five days once the gathering of immature oocytes. (ferty9.co.in)

The effect of low dose human chorionic gonadotropin on follicular response and oocyte maturation in PCOS patients undergoing IVF cycles: a randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety. (druglib.com)

The maintaining of oocyte potential viability after longterm storage represent a tool of great opportunity, as it would improve domestic animal breeding by genetic selection programs, contribute to preserve biodiversity through wildlife species conservation, and increase the research in biotechnology. (jove.com)
Likewise, to further understand the species translatability of ASO-induced thrombocytopenia, in vitro platelet activity and aggregometry assays were performed using a panel of tool ASOs with different sequences and modifications. (uantwerpen.be)

1974. Pesticidal chemicals affecting some energy-linked functions of rat liver mitochondria in vitro . (cdc.gov)

Though IVM initially yielded limited success, however, improvements in IVM protocols, maturation procedures, and culture medium have resulted in satisfactory pregnancy rates in a carefully selected patient population. (artfertilityclinics.com)

However, it is also possible that such genetic defects result in a smaller complement of oocytes during gonadal development. (ldysinger.com)
Oogonia enter meiosis during embryonic development, becoming oocytes. (wikipedia.org)
1998. Influence of organochlorine pesticides on maturation and post-fertilization development of bovine oocytes in vitro . (cdc.gov)
Following germinal vesicle break down (GVBD) the oocyte is transcriptionally quiescent until fertilization and activation of the embryonic genome, occurring at the four-cell stage of development in the pig [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The inability to transcribe mRNA during this stage of development and the probable necessity for post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTGR) suggests an important role for non-coding RNA in the maturing oocyte. (biomedcentral.com)

2000. The effect of raloxifene on the uterine weight response in immature mice exposed to 17- estradiol, 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2- bis ( p -chlorophenyl)ethane, and methoxychlor. (cdc.gov)

The dominant follicle contains the mature oocyte. (wikipedia.org)
Relative abundance of mature MIR21 was quantified at 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 42 h of in vitro (IVM) with or without treatment with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). (biomedcentral.com)
Epididymal spermatozoas are often described as immature, immotile, and infertile sperm cells, yet the epididymis is the organ where spermatozoa mature, acquire motility, and become fully fertile. (encyclopedia.pub)

IUI - D (donor) - is an ART (artificial reproductive technique) procedure where in the. (lushfertility.in)
The collection of oocytes is performed below ultrasound steering with a specially designed needle and therefore the complete procedure takes between thirty and forty minutes. (ferty9.co.in)

In the process of IVM, embryologists take the immature eggs and ripen them in the laboratory. (artfertilityclinics.com)
IVF literally means "the fertilization of eggs with sperm in glass," which translates to fertilization outside of the body in the laboratory. (dominionfertility.com)
The implementation of suitable quality control (QC) is not only required for the accreditation of a human in vitro fertilization (IVF) laboratory, but is also fundamental to its success. (shengsci.com)
In Vitro" is a Latin phrase meaning "in glass," which relates to the laboratory dishes used for fertilisation instead of the uterus. (worldmedic-ivf.com)

In the initial segment of the epididymis, the sperm cell is immotile-unable to fertilize an oocyte and has a proximal cytoplasmic droplet-close to the neck [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

As a follow-up study, conditional disruption of the gene PDSS-2, resulting in isolated CoQ deficiency in the oocytes of young animals, resulted in phenotypic changes characteristic of oocyte mitochondrial dysfunction associated with aging. (arvigen.com)

IUI is one of the simple and basic artificial reproductive techniques used in the treatment. (lushfertility.in)
Children born after assisted reproductive techniques (ART) have an in. (virascience.com)
Therefore, in future, melatonin can be implicated as preferable therapeutic especially in IVF and assisted reproductive techniques. (jrhm.org)

Decline in the Number of Oocytes from Birth to Menopause. (ldysinger.com)
1 The images in Panel B - which shows histologic specimens of oocytes (arrows) taken from patients at birth, at the age of 25 years, and at the age of 50 years - are adapted from Erickson 8 and are reprinted with the permission of the publisher. (ldysinger.com)
Though the first in vitro baby was born in England in 1978, Jones and his wife's contribution allowed for the birth of Elizabeth Carr on 28 December 1981. (asu.edu)
The fact that live-birth rates from oocyte donation in older women are consistent with the age of the donor suggests that oocyte quality is the major factor responsible for reduced fecundability with aging. (arvigen.com)
In vitro fertilization (IVF) was first successfully performed in Oldham, England, in 1978, resulting in the birth of Louise Brown, who was conceived using IVF. (dominionfertility.com)

Anatomy4

Organisms1

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Phenomena and Processes5

Follicles30

Ovarian7

Embryos7

Competence3

ICSI6

Vivo4

Improve oocyte quality2

Quality of oocytes2

Developmental1

Ovaries6

Retrieval6

Ovum3

Mammalian oocyte1

Follicular development2

Sperm maturation1

Primary oocyte2

Fertility3

Occurs7

Meiotic7

Fetal life1

Cumulus cells2

Primordial follicle2

Blastocyst1

Ovulation1

Endometrium1

Metaphase2

Infertility2

Follicle-stimula2

METHODS1

Porcine2

Vitrification8

Involves2

Atresia1

Conventional in vitro fertili1

Ovary1

Aneuploidy1

Trigger2

Embryo transfer2

PCOS1

Species2

Mitochondria1

Satisfactory pregnancy rates1

Development5

Mice1

Mature3

Procedure2

Laboratory4

Cytoplasmic1

Deficiency1

Reproductive techniques3

Birth5