Illness influenza a virus h1n1 subtype. Medical search. Frequent questions

If this new influenza A virus causes illness in people and is transmitted easily from person to person in a sustained manner, an influenza pandemic can occur. (cdc.gov)
While a "shift" of this kind has not occurred in relation to avian influenza viruses, such a "shift" occurred in the spring of 2009 when an H1N1 virus with genes from North American Swine, Eurasian Swine, humans and birds emerged to infect people and quickly spread, causing a pandemic. (cdc.gov)
Influenza A viruses with a hemagglutinin against which humans have little or no immunity that have reassorted with a human influenza virus are more likely to result in sustained human-to-human transmission and have pandemic potential. (cdc.gov)
This system tracks weekly counts of laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations and deaths and was implemented on August 30, 2009, during the 2009 pandemic, and ended on April 4, 2010. (cdc.gov)
This article synthesizes and extends discussions held during an international meeting on "Surveillance for Decision Making: The Example of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A/H1N1," held at the Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics (CCDD), Harvard School of Public Health, on June 14 and 15, 2010. (nih.gov)
Every few decades or so, a new version of the influenza virus emerges in the human population that causes a serious global outbreak of disease called a pandemic . (bcm.edu)
To date, the avian flu virus has not acquired to ability to spread easily from person to person - a necessary step in order for a virus to cause a pandemic. (bcm.edu)
As a result of the rapid, global spread of H1N1, the first pandemic of the 21st century was declared in June of 2009. (bcm.edu)
Although the 2009 H1N1 pandemic did not turn out to be as deadly as initially feared, the next pandemic flu virus could emerge at any time, and we must remain vigilant. (bcm.edu)
Objective To review the effects of school closures on pandemic and seasonal influenza outbreaks. (bmj.com)
Study selection Studies were included if they reported on a seasonal or pandemic influenza outbreak coinciding with a planned or unplanned school closure. (bmj.com)
This systematic review assesses the effects of school closures on the transmission of influenza, including data from the recent 2009 pandemic as well as from previous pandemics and seasonal outbreaks. (bmj.com)
During the 2009 influenza pandemic, schools were closed in many settings in efforts to reduce transmission. (bmj.com)
The WHO does not specifically recommend or discourage school closures during an influenza pandemic, as their potential benefits and harms may be context-specific, 1 but has suggested that they be considered as part of a mitigation strategy. (bmj.com)
4 Here, we review epidemiological studies to assess the effects of school closures on transmission and incidence of seasonal and pandemic influenza, updating and extending previous reviews 2 , 4 to include data from the 2009 pandemic. (bmj.com)
One of the main problems in the area of influenza prophylaxis and pandemic prevention is the development of cross-reactive vaccines, i.e. vaccines directed against all subtypes of human influenza viruses. (crie.ru)
Wood J.M. Developing vaccines against pandemic influenza. (crie.ru)
It thus appears inevitable that, without means to prevent influenza infection, another pandemic will occur within the foreseeable future. (biomedcentral.com)
After the pandemic of 1918 the H1N1 virus circulated widely in the human population until 1957. (health.gov.au)
Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 is a novel influenza detected in humans in 2009, causing the first influenza pandemic in more than 40 years. (who.int)
Had it been highly contagious, it may have sparked an influenza pandemic. (ispub.com)
A shift in the predominant circulating virus subtype from H1N1 to H2N2 in 1957, for example, ignited a pandemic that resulted in approximately 70,000 excess deaths (that is, deaths exceeding the number expected when an epidemic is not present) in the United States alone. (ispub.com)
This time last year, the U.S. was bracing for a 'tripledemic' amid rising cases of COVID-19, influenza and RSV after the seasons became more unpredictable during the COVID-19 pandemic. (abc7.com)
Brownstein said the pandemic has helped make many health systems better prepared for seasonal spikes in respiratory viruses and is hopeful that people are more motivated to stay up to date on shots that are available for protection and prevention this respiratory virus season. (abc7.com)
This is particularly important as the media attention around this year's influenza season has been particularly high, and many have compared this season to the 2009 H1N1 swine flu pandemic in terms of the sheer volume of emergency department visits we are seeing. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] This is approaching levels of the 2009 H1N1 swine flu pandemic. (medscape.com)
The emergence of a new strain of influenza virus are responsible for a pandemic. (zovon.com)
Thus, in the 20th century, the great influenza pandemic of 1918-1919, which caused an estimated 40 to 50 million deaths worldwide, was followed by pandemics in 1957-1958 and 1968-1969. (who.int)
Experts agree that another influenza pandemic is inevitable and possibly imminent. (who.int)
The WHO influenza programme was established in 1947 with two main functions: to assist in planning for the possible recurrence of an influenza pandemic, and to devise control methods to limit the spread and severity of seasonal epidemics. (who.int)
However, in addition to the COVID-19 pandemic, we've also experienced another pandemic relatively recently: the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. (healthline.com)
Australia experienced a mild season in 2006, moderate seasons in 2007 and 2008 and an extra-ordinary season in 2009 due to the influenza A(H1N1) pandemic. (health.gov.au)
The A(H1) subtype has been the most commonly reported since the start of the 2009 (H1N1) pandemic and the A(H3) subtype the most commonly reported prior to 2009. (health.gov.au)
A pandemic can occur when a new and different influenza A virus emerges that infects people, has the ability to spread efficiently among people, and against which people have little or no immunity. (greenvillenr.com)
One study analyzed the clinical data of adult patients with pandemic H1N1 2009 infection admitted to the ICU. (medscape.com)
Worldwide, the majority of patients infected with the pandemic virus continue to experience mild symptoms and recover fully within a week, even in the absence of any medical treatment. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Nowadays, with the pandemic of corona virus disease 2019, the importance of prevention from other respiratory diseases, such as seasonal influenza, can be a critical step in the health management system. (flu.org.cn)
According to the Institute of Medicine, 'The DoD-Global Emerging Infections System, through its avian influenza/pandemic influenza activities at the [DoD] overseas laboratories and headquarters, has contributed greatly to the development of laboratory and communications infrastructures within partner countries. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Neumann G, Noda T, Kawaoka Y. Emergence and pandemic potential of swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus. (cdc.gov)
Fifty Years of influenza A(H3N2) following the pandemic of 1968. (cdc.gov)
Viboud C, Grais RF, Lafont BAP, Miller MA, Simonsen L. Multinational impact of the 1968 Hong Kong Influenza pandemic: Evidence for a smoldering pandemic. (cdc.gov)

The hemagglutinin protein of the A(H1N2) virus was similar to that of the vaccine strain A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1). (cdc.gov)
Both influenza B isolates were similar to the vaccine strain B/Hong Kong/330/2001. (cdc.gov)
Because the hemagglutinin proteins of the A (H1N2) viruses are similar to those of the currently circulating A (H1N1) viruses and the neuraminidase proteins are similar to those of the currently circulating A (H3N2) viruses, the 2002-03 influenza vaccine should provide protection against A (H1N2) viruses. (cdc.gov)
Is there a vaccine for influenza? (texas.gov)
A new influenza vaccine is available each year, typically beginning in August or September. (texas.gov)
The Influenza vaccine is available at all health centers in the Federation of St. Kitts and Nevis. (thestkittsnevisobserver.com)
Hopefully, the knowledge gained in response to the H5N1 and 2009 H1N1 outbreaks, and continued research to more completely understand influenza virus, as well as improvements in vaccine and drug development, will enable us to minimize the effects of future influenza outbreaks. (bcm.edu)
Viruses known to be associated with recent receipt of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) or found upon further testing to be a vaccine virus are not included, as they are not circulating influenza viruses. (cdc.gov)
AFLURIA is an inactivated influenza virus vaccine indicated for active immunization of persons ages 6 months and older against influenza disease caused by influenza virus subtypes A and type B present in the vaccine. (drugs.com)
Administration of CSL's 2010 Southern Hemisphere influenza vaccine has been associated with increased postmarketing reports of fever and febrile seizures in children predominantly below the age of 5 years as compared to previous years. (drugs.com)
Her research includes studies on influenza vaccine effectiveness and preventing hospitalization, the use of influenza anti-viral medications in outpatient settings, and the impact of seasonal influenza on children with neurologic disorders. (cdc.gov)
Her current primary research focuses on influenza anti-viral treatment as well as influenza vaccine effectiveness. (cdc.gov)
Consequently the seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine contains an influenza B virus component. (virology.ws)
There is no vaccine against influenza C virus. (virology.ws)
High-dose influenza vaccine appears to have the potential to prevent nearly one-quarter of all breakthrough influenza illnesses in seniors (≥65 y) compared with the standard-dose vaccine, according to results from a phase IIIb-IV double-blind, active-controlled trial. (medscape.com)
[ 3 , 4 ] A total of 31,989 participants were randomly assigned to receive either a high dose (IIV3-HD) (60 μg of hemagglutinin per strain) or a standard dose (IIV3-SD) (15 μg of hemagglutinin per strain) of a trivalent, inactivated influenza vaccine. (medscape.com)
Influenza A and B vaccine is administered each year before flu season. (medscape.com)
The CDC analyzes the vaccine subtypes each year and makes any necessary changes on the basis of worldwide trends. (medscape.com)
The FDA has approved a vaccine for H5N1 influenza. (medscape.com)
The U.S. 2023-2024 flu vaccines have a similar vaccine virus composition as the 2023 Southern Hemisphere flu vaccines. (cdc.gov)
It does not appear to interfere with the immunogenicity of inactivated influenza A virus vaccine. (nih.gov)
Since September selected for the 2015 Southern Hemisphere influenza vaccine. (cdc.gov)
28, influenza-positive tests have been reported from 50 states, A/Switzerland/9715293/2013 is related to, but antigenically the District of Columbia, Guam, and Puerto Rico, representing and genetically distinguishable, from the A/Texas/50/2012 al 10 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) vaccine virus. (cdc.gov)
No, a flu vaccine cannot cause flu illness. (flutalk.net)
The nasal spray vaccine is made with attenuated live flu viruses, and also cannot cause flu illness. (flutalk.net)
The viruses circulating in the population can sometimes change during the time it takes to produce a vaccine. (flutalk.net)
FLUZONE® Quadrivalent is a vaccine used to prevent influenza caused by the 4 strains of influenza virus contained in the vaccine. (flutalk.net)
FLUZONE® Quadrivalent will only protect against the strains of influenza virus contained in the vaccine or those that are closely related. (flutalk.net)
As with any vaccine, immunization with influenza vaccine may not protect 100% of individuals. (flutalk.net)
Flu viruses are constantly mutating, so the vaccine is updated annually based on researchers' best guess of which virus strains will be circulating among people in a given season. (flutalk.net)
We created Uniflu candidate vaccine based on recombinant HBc4M2e protein consisting of 4 tandem-connected copies of the highly conserved ectodomain of M2 protein of the influenza A virus. (crie.ru)
Neirynck S., Deroot I., Saelans X., Vanlandschoot P., Jou W., Fiers W. A universal influenza A vaccine based on the extracellular domain of the M2 protein. (crie.ru)
M2e-based universal influenza A vaccine. (crie.ru)
Influenza virus vaccine based on the conserved hemagglutinin stalk domain. (crie.ru)
Jegerlehner A., Schmitz N., Storni T., Bachmann M.F. Influenza A vaccine based on the extracellular domain of M2: weak protection mediated via antibody-dependent NK cell activity. (crie.ru)
Universal vaccine based on ectodomain of matrix protein 2 of influenza A: Fc receptors and alveolar macrophages mediate protection. (crie.ru)
There may be a small increased risk of fever and febrile convulsions with concomitant delivery of PCV13 and influenza vaccine in children aged 6 months to under 5 years. (health.govt.nz)
Children aged under 5 years are more likely than older children or adults to have a febrile reaction to influenza vaccine. (health.govt.nz)
Because of this ongoing antigenic drift, seasonal influenza virus vaccine formulations are reviewed by the WHO bi-annually. (health.govt.nz)
The Australian 2001 influenza vaccine represented a good match for the circulating viruses and 77 per cent of persons over 65 years in Australia were vaccinated in 2001. (health.gov.au)
As per CDC when the vaccine strains are a good match to circulating strains it reduces the risks of flu illness between 40 and 60 percent in the general population. (digigiggles.com)
The flu vaccine is capable of offering more protection from the flu caused by the H1N1 viruses and Influenza B viruses as compared to H3N2 viruses. (digigiggles.com)
While other viruses mutate from year to year, H3N2 mostly undergoes genetic changes that result in a poor match between the strain included in the vaccine and the strains that later circulate during flu season. (digigiggles.com)
Many flu vaccines are produced in eggs and H3N2 viruses tend to adapt to growth in eggs more readily than other types of flu viruses which leads to less effectiveness of the vaccine strain. (digigiggles.com)
Most of the flu cases detected were Influenza A and the most common subtype was Influenza A(H1N1), which is the strain of the virus that the flu vaccine usually offers better protection from, according to the CDC . (abc7.com)
Influenza vaccine remains our best means for prevention, and it's still not too late to get the influenza vaccine. (medscape.com)
Traditionally, the vaccine was trivalent (ie, designed to provide protection against three viral subtypes, generally an A-H1, an A-H3, and a B). The first quadrivalent vaccines, which provide coverage against an additional influenza B subtype, were approved in 2012 and were made available for the 2013-2014 flu season. (medscape.com)
In the Northern Hemisphere, all persons aged 6 months or older should receive influenza vaccine annually by the end of October, if possible. (medscape.com)
Influenza vaccination should not be delayed to procure a specific vaccine preparation if an appropriate one is already available. (medscape.com)
Those with a history of egg allergy who have experienced only hives after exposure to egg should receive influenza vaccine. (medscape.com)
The result is the sudden appearance of a new virus strain to which populations may have no immunity and against which no existing vaccine may confer protection. (who.int)
Infections during the season were predominantly due to influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, with 90% of notifications being influenza A (56% A(H1N)1pdm09, 30% A(unsubtyped) and 4% A(H3N2)) and 10% being influenza B. The A(H1), A(H3) and B influenza viruses circulating during the 2010 season were antigenically similar to the respective 2010 vaccine strains. (health.gov.au)
Getting a flu vaccine can protect against these viruses as well as additional flu viruses that are antigenically similar to the viruses used to make the vaccine. (greenvillenr.com)
Influenza vaccine, commonly called as flu shot, must be given yearly for it is used to protect people from variable influenza virus. (flushotprices.com)
This seasonal influenza vaccine is an important move to avoid the risk of the flu for everyone over the ages of 6 months. (flushotprices.com)
Flu vaccine is the best way to prevent influenza illness and its accompanying complications. (flushotprices.com)
According to the result of the research, flu vaccine for this season is a protection against influenza viruses most common during the upcoming season. (flushotprices.com)
and (3) virus for influenza B. This season, there is more flu vaccine for protection to fight against four more flu viruses called "quadrivalent" vaccines. (flushotprices.com)
These are the same as trivalent vaccine but has an additional B virus. (flushotprices.com)
and 2) the "match" between the flu viruses with the flu vaccine that is designed to protect against and the flu viruses from spreading in the community. (flushotprices.com)
The estimated VE (46%) indicated that the influenza vaccine during the 2019-2020 influenza season was moderately effective against these influenza viruses. (health.mil)
End-of-season influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated using a test-negative case-control study design. (health.mil)
The influenza vaccine was moderately effective against influenza viruses during the 2019-2020 influenza season. (health.mil)
To improve vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza viruses, the strains used in the influenza vaccine need to be updated regularly based on the surveillance findings. (health.mil)
Due to influenza's ability to constantly mutate and evolve, no vaccine provides 100% protection against the flu, but it significantly reduces your chance of contracting the virus. (physiciansimmediatecare.com)
More importantly, even if you or your child gets the flu, the vaccine is highly effective at reducing the severity of the illness. (physiciansimmediatecare.com)
Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness for Prevention of Severe Influenza-Associated Illness Among Adults in the United States, 2019-2020: A Test-Negative Study. (umassmed.edu)
The influenza vaccine should be given annually to everyone aged ≥ 6 months who does not have a contraindication. (msdmanuals.com)
20.3%, 24.1%, and 20.0% of adults 65 years who received AFLURIA QUADRIVALENT, TIV-1, and Because postmarketing reporting of adverse events is voluntary and from a population of uncertain influenza vaccine have not been correlated with protection from influenza virus. (who.int)
The The 1976 swine influenza vaccine was associated with an increased frequency of GBS. (who.int)
The post-marketing experience with AFLURIA (trivalent formulation) and AFLURIA QUADRIVALENT change to one or more new strains in each year's influenza vaccine. (who.int)

Influenza A and B viruses cause yearly epidemics-typically in the winter months-in the Northern Hemisphere. (texas.gov)
Seasonal Influenza is an acute viral infection that spreads easily from person to person and seasonal epidemics usually occur at this time. (thestkittsnevisobserver.com)
contribute ever, at the 8 sentinel sites for selecting hemispheres, influenza activity has been to global influenza surveillance and vac- SARI cases a cluster random sampling well described showing that annual win- cine strain selection by submitting virus technique was used for enrolment and ter epidemics are associated with excess strains to the WHO Global Influenza sampling. (who.int)
Influenza epidemics occur each year. (health.govt.nz)
Subtypes which have in the past caused pandemics include the influenza A H1N1, H2N2, H3N2 and H1N1pdm09 viruses, while the H3N2 and H1N1pdm09 viruses continue to cause epidemics as seasonal influenza viruses. (health.govt.nz)
Influenza B has two lineages of viruses: B/Victoria and B/Yamagata, which are also associated with outbreaks and epidemics, and account for a significant proportion of the overall burden of influenza. (health.govt.nz)
Influenza viruses are successful human pathogens because of their ability to vary their two external proteins, haemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). Mutations cause a gradual change in these proteins called 'antigenic drift', which results in annual epidemics of influenza. (health.gov.au)
Seasonal epidemics of respiratory illness are caused by Influenza A and B which occur every year. (digigiggles.com)
The excess mortality associated with influenza epidemics occurring every one to three years has increased during the last 15 years to approximately 30,000 persons per year in the United States. (ispub.com)
Influenza epidemics typically have an abrupt onset and end separated by a 2- to 3-week upsurge in the frequency of new cases and a 2- to 3-month plateau.3 Community outbreaks are often heralded by an increase in medical visits from children suffering from fever and respiratory illness. (ispub.com)
Influenza, one of the most common infectious diseases, is a highly contagious airborne disease that occurs in seasonal epidemics and manifests as an acute febrile illness with variable degrees of systemic symptoms, ranging from mild fatigue to respiratory failure and death. (medscape.com)
Influenza C viruses are not known to cause serious symptoms or result in epidemics. (zovon.com)
Although reporting is inadequate and estimates are based on data from developed countries, annual epidemics are thought to result in from three to five million cases of severe illness and from 250 000 to 500 000 deaths. (who.int)
Seasonal influenza epidemics also impose a considerable economic burden in the form of hospital and other health care costs and lost productivity. (who.int)
In the United States of America, for example, estimates in 1986 put the cost of influenza epidemics to the economy at US$ 5000 million per year. (who.int)
Influenza causes annual epidemics of respiratory disease. (health.gov.au)
Influenza epidemics usually occur during the winter months in temperate climates, causing an increase in hospitalisations for pneumonia, an exacerbation of chronic diseases and also contributing to increased mortality. (health.gov.au)
There are four types of influenza viruses: A, B, C, and D. Influenza A and B viruses cause seasonal epidemics of disease in people (known as flu season) almost every winter in the United States. (greenvillenr.com)
Influenza A viruses are the only influenza viruses known to cause flu pandemics (i.e., global epidemics of flu disease). (greenvillenr.com)
Influenza C virus infections generally cause mild illness and are not thought to cause human epidemics. (greenvillenr.com)
Current seasonal flu vaccines are formulated to protect against influenza viruses known to cause epidemics, including: one influenza A(H1N1) virus, one influenza A(H3N2) virus, one influenza B/Victoria lineage virus, and one influenza B/Yamagata lineage virus. (greenvillenr.com)
Every year, influenza epidemics seriously affect all population and demographics, but the highest risk of complications are children younger than age 2 years, the elderly adults who are 65 years or older, mothers-to-be and people suffering from certain medical conditions. (flushotprices.com)
Mutinelli F, Capua I, Terregino C, Cattoli G. Clinical, gross, and microscopic findings in different avian species naturally infected during the H7N1 low- and high-pathogenicity avian influenza epidemics in Italy during 1999 and 2000. (cdc.gov)
Influenza causes widespread sporadic illness yearly during fall and winter in temperate climates (seasonal epidemics). (msdmanuals.com)
since 1968, most seasonal influenza epidemics have been caused by H3N2 (an influenza A virus). (msdmanuals.com)
Influenza B viruses may cause milder disease but often cause epidemics with moderate or severe disease, either as the predominant circulating virus or along with influenza A. (msdmanuals.com)
Most influenza epidemics are caused by a predominant serotype, but different influenza viruses may appear sequentially in one location or may appear simultaneously, with one virus predominating in one location and another virus predominating elsewhere. (msdmanuals.com)

Other possible mechanisms for the emergence of new influenza viruses are through the adaptation of avian influenza viruses to infect humans and the re-assortment of the genomic segments of multiple viruses (ie, human, avian and pig influenza viruses). (health.govt.nz)
At irregular intervals, there are more dramatic changes in the viral proteins, called 'antigenic shift', which are a result of either direct introduction of avian influenza viruses into the human population or a re-assortment between human and avian viruses which is believed to occur in intermediate hosts such as pigs. (health.gov.au)
Avian Influenza (including infection with high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses). (cdc.gov)

RÉSUMÉ Les informations sur la prévalence de la grippe, les sous-types circulants du virus et la saisonnalité sont essentielles pour la sélection des souches destinées aux vaccins annuels, ainsi que pour la planification des programmes de vaccination. (who.int)
there have been no controlled clinical studies demonstrating a decrease in influenza disease after vaccination with AFLURIA. (drugs.com)
Hypersensitivity to eggs, neomycin, or polymyxin, or life-threatening reaction to previous influenza vaccination. (drugs.com)
If Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) has occurred within 6 weeks of previous influenza vaccination, the decision to give AFLURIA should be based on careful consideration of the potential benefits and risks. (drugs.com)
Please note that questions are limited to clinicians who would like information on CDC's current influenza recommendations for vaccination and anti-viral medications. (cdc.gov)
In addition to vaccination, other public health measures are also effective in limiting influenza transmission in closed environments. (medscape.com)
Because flu viruses change over time, annual influenza vaccination is recommended for influenza. (flutalk.net)
Until recently, management options for influenza were limited to vaccination and use of the M2 inhibitors amantadine or rimantadine. (ispub.com)
Seasonal influenza vaccination is considered the main strategy to protect against influenza viruses, combat influenza infection, and reduce disease severity. (health.mil)
Due to a variation in factors like weather, vaccination rates, and mutation of the virus, the flu season is different every year. (physiciansimmediatecare.com)
We recommend getting a vaccination for yourself and your children as soon as possible to protect against this year's strains of influenza. (physiciansimmediatecare.com)
Influenza vaccination also must be encouraged to prevent the infection. (medscape.com)
Yes, there is some type of vaccines that are helpful in preventing the flu, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), this vaccination against influenza helps in reducing sickness due to the flu, hospitalizations as well as deaths. (gomedii.com)
Paid sick leave benefits, influenza vaccination, and taking sick days due to influenza-like illness among U.S. workers. (cdc.gov)
The objectives of this study were to quantify the percentage of workers who had paid sick leave (PSL) benefits, examine sociodemographic characteristics that may be associated with having these benefits, and examine the association between having PSL benefits and use of sick days and influenza vaccination status. (cdc.gov)
Logistic regression was used to determine variables associated with having PSL benefits and the association between having PSL benefits and influenza vaccination status. (cdc.gov)
Not having PSL benefits was associated with a lower likelihood of receiving an influenza vaccination and visiting a health professional when sick with ILI. (cdc.gov)
Offering PSL benefits along with promoting influenza vaccination and encouraging employees with ILI to stay home can increase influenza vaccination coverage and help control the spread of influenza. (cdc.gov)
Moreover, this study was conducted to identify the periods with increased influenza transmission for vaccination recommendations in Iraq. (flu.org.cn)
If Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) has occurred within 6 weeks of previous influenza vaccination, the TIV-2, respectively, reported unsolicited adverse events. (who.int)
Reactions or Systemic Adverse Events within 7 Days after Administration of the year after vaccination and circulating strains of influenza virus change from year to year. (who.int)

In addition to widespread infection of humans, reported have been published of pH1N1 virus infection in domestic and nondomestic animals, including cats, dogs, ferrets, swine, and several wildlife species ( 1 - 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Influenza A viruses are endemic (can infect and regularly transmit) in 6 animal species or groups (wild waterfowl, domestic poultry, swine, horses, dogs, and bats) in addition to humans. (cdc.gov)
Influenza A virus subtypes currently endemic in humans are H3N2 and H1N1 viruses. (cdc.gov)
Examples of different influenza A virus subtypes currently endemic in animals include H1N1 and H3N2 in pigs (different strains than those found in humans), H3N8 in horses, H3N2 in dogs, and H5N1 in wild water birds and domestic poultry. (cdc.gov)
However, in 1998, H3N2 viruses from humans were introduced into the pig population and caused widespread disease among pigs. (cdc.gov)
The resulting new virus might then be able to infect humans and spread easily from person to person, but it could have surface proteins (hemagglutinin and/or neuraminidase) different than those currently found in influenza viruses that routinely circulate in humans-this could make it seem like a "new" influenza virus to people, one that had not been encountered before. (cdc.gov)
Antigenic shift results when a new influenza A virus subtype against which most people have little or no immune protection infects humans. (cdc.gov)
Therefore, careful evaluation of influenza A viruses recovered from humans and animals that are infected with avian influenza A viruses is important to identify genetic reassortment if it occurs. (cdc.gov)
Swine influenza A viruses, including subtypes H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2, are prominent among pigs and sporadically transmit to humans. (medindia.net)
There are three different types of influenza virus - A, B, and C. Type A viruses infect humans and several types of animals, including birds, pigs, and horses. (bcm.edu)
Type B influenza is normally found only in humans, and type C is mostly found in humans, but has also been found in pigs and dogs. (bcm.edu)
This property may be a consequence of the limited host range of the virus - humans and seals - which limits the generation of new strains by reassortment. (virology.ws)
Zoonosis' is referred to as an infectious illness which can be transferred from different animals (vertebrate creatures) to humans or vice-versa. (healthstatus.com)
some data implies that the pigs caught the virus from the humans back then. (healthstatus.com)
Researchers confirmed that the virus infesting these pigs was a blended structure of viral-strains from humans and birds. (healthstatus.com)
Avian influenza (H5N1) is rare in humans in developed countries (see the image below). (medscape.com)
Some strains of H1N1 are endemic in humans and cause a small fraction of all influenza-like illness and a small fraction of all seasonal influenza. (indiatimes.com)
New influenza A virus subtypes emerge periodically that have caused pandemics in humans. (health.govt.nz)
The survival properties include virus escape from the immune responses of humans previously infected or immunized with an earlier virus strain. (biomedcentral.com)
It is simply a matter of chance that the mutations responsible for the infectivity and pathogenicity of a particular influenza virus in animals does not include the ability to efficiently infect humans with human-to-human transmission. (biomedcentral.com)
Can bird flu viruses infect humans? (dailynewsegypt.com)
The only subtypes known to be able to cross the species barrier to humans are H5N1 and H7N9. (dailynewsegypt.com)
In 1997, the H5N1 virus first infected humans during an outbreak among poultry in Hong Kong. (dailynewsegypt.com)
The H7N9 subtype first infected humans in China in March 2013. (dailynewsegypt.com)
1 Since then, the virus has become a seasonal influenza virus and continues to circulate worldwide in humans and pigs. (who.int)
The flu is termed a respiratory illness caused by the influenza viruses which are of four types A, B, C, and D but only A, B, and C can spread to humans. (digigiggles.com)
The means by which it infected humans remains unknown, although direct transmission of the virus from birds to humans is suggested by the finding that all but one of the human cases had been exposed to live chickens during the days before their illness. (ispub.com)
The infection of humans with the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus variant served as a reminder of the ever-present threat of emergence in human populations of new influenza virus subtypes to which there is little or no pre-existing immunity. (ispub.com)
Influenza is considered as one of the deadliest diseases of humans. (zovon.com)
Influenza D viruses infect cattle and are not known to cause any illness in humans. (zovon.com)
Even though small clusters of A(H5) virus infections have been reported previously including those involving healthcare workers, current epidemiological and virological evidence suggests that influenza A(H5) viruses have not acquired the ability of sustained transmission among humans, thus the likelihood is low. (who.int)
The discovery helped overturn the prior commonly held belief that previous exposure to a flu virus conferred little or no immunological protection against strains that can jump from animals into humans, such as those causing the so-called swine flu or bird flu. (scitechdaily.com)
These strains, which have already caused hundreds of spillover cases of severe illness or death in humans, are of global concern because they could gain mutations that allow them not only to readily jump from animal populations to humans, but also spread rapidly from person to person. (scitechdaily.com)
If we see in the past, in 2003, highly pathogenic strains of avian influenza virus the H7N7 and H5N1, again crossed from birds to humans and caused fatal disease. (gomedii.com)
The influenza virus mainly has three families including A, B, and C. The type A influenza models the most serious problems among humans causing 95% of cases. (gomedii.com)

The genetic information in these viruses could reassort to create a new influenza A virus with a hemagglutinin and/or neuraminidase gene from the avian virus and other genes from the human virus. (cdc.gov)
Neuraminidase are a type of glycoside hydrolase enzyme which help to move the virus particles through the infected cell and assist in budding from the host cells. (indiatimes.com)
N is the abbreviation for neuraminidase, a protein that is required for virus replication. (dailynewsegypt.com)
Further Influenza A viruses are divided into different subtypes hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). (digigiggles.com)
Increased insight into the mechanisms of influenza virus replication combined with advances in the science of rational drug design have resulted in the development of the neuraminidase inhibitors, a new class of medicines that promise significantly to impact the management of influenza. (ispub.com)
The neuraminidase inhibitor zanamivir is the first antiviral specifically developed to combat both influenza A and influenza B viruses. (ispub.com)
Another important message for providers is to know when to use oseltamivir (Tamiflu®) or other neuraminidase inhibitors for the management of influenza. (medscape.com)
The influenza A virus-positive samples underwent neuraminidase gene analysis using pyrosequencing to identify mutations H275Y and N294 S in A/H1N1, and E119V, R292K, and N294 S in A/H3N2. (biomedcentral.com)
Influenza A viruses are divided into subtypes based on two proteins on the surface of the virus: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). There are 18 different hemagglutinin subtypes and 11 different neuraminidase subtypes (H1 through H18 and N1 through N11, respectively). (greenvillenr.com)
Our immune response is triggered by the virus' hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) surface proteins, shown in semi-transparent blue. (scitechdaily.com)
Antiviral agents available for influenza treatment and/or prevention include neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, peramivir, zanamivir) and the cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor (baloxavir marboxil). (medscape.com)
It is active against influenza A and B including strains resistant to neuraminidase inhibitors. (medscape.com)

RNA from the swab specimens tested positive for the hemagglutinin gene of pH1N1 virus. (cdc.gov)
The major influenza C virus envelope glycoprotein is called HEF (hemagglutinin-esterase-fusion) because it has the functions of both the HA and the NA. (virology.ws)
H stands for hemagglutinin, it binds the virus to cells in the respiratory tract, for example. (dailynewsegypt.com)
The modification of glycosylation sites for the 1918 and SI/06 viruses also caused changes in viral antigenicity based on cross-reactive hemagglutinin inhibition antibody titers with antisera from mice infected with wild-type or glycan mutant viruses. (health-e-nc.org)
Hemagglutinin (H) is a glycoprotein on the influenza viral surface that allows the virus to bind to cellular sialic acid and fuse with the host cell membrane. (msdmanuals.com)

More recently, H5N1 viruses from birds have caused sporadic infections in wild foxes in the U.S. and in other countries. (cdc.gov)
samples positive for influenza A are then subtyped as H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, or H7N9. (flutrackers.com)
Unlike the avian H5N1 flu, the H1N1 swine flu is capable of being transmitted easily from person to person. (bcm.edu)
Fortunately, however, H1N1 is far less deadly than the H5N1 virus. (bcm.edu)
MVA vectors expressing conserved influenza proteins protect mice against lethal challenge with H5N1, H9N2 and H7N1 viruses. (crie.ru)
This was followed by other less severe strains, the H2N2 "Asian influenza" of 1957-1958, H3N2 "Hong Kong flu" of 1968-1969, and H5N1 "bird flu" in 2006-2007, and recently the H1N1 "swine flu" of 2009-2010. (biomedcentral.com)
The illness was later identified as influenza and traced to a variant of Influenza A virus H5N1, previously known to infect only birds. (ispub.com)
1 , 2 Influenza caused by the H5N1 variant eventually spread to at least 18 Hong Kong residents and caused 6 deaths. (ispub.com)
Some subtypes of the Influenza A, usually called Bird flu (H5N1 and H7N9 viruses) and Swine flu (H1N1 virus) have caused serious infections in human, which have sometimes resulted in death. (gomedii.com)

a serum sample collected before onset of the respiratory illness was also available for all 3 animals. (cdc.gov)
Influenza ("the flu") is a respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus. (texas.gov)
Flu, or influenza, is a contagious respiratory illness that spreads from person to person through the air via coughs or sneezes or through contact with infected surfaces. (bcm.edu)
Outpatient respiratory illness is above baseline 1 nationally for the fifth week and is at or above baseline in all 10 HHS Regions. (cdc.gov)
Region 10 (Pacific Northwest) is at its region-specific outpatient respiratory illness baseline, and regions 1-9 are above their region-specific baselines. (cdc.gov)
Influenza viruses cause mild to severe respiratory illness with hospitalization or death, especially in elders, children, and people with health conditions. (diasorin.com)
In the spring of 1997, an infant boy in Hong Kong died 12 days after contracting a respiratory illness. (ispub.com)
Still, the numbers in all regions of the U.S. remain below their baseline and outpatient respiratory illness activity is either minimal or low throughout most of the U.S., according to the CDC . (abc7.com)
Alaska is the only state that is currently experiencing moderate respiratory illness activity. (abc7.com)
The U.S. Outpatient Influenza-like Illness Surveillance Network (ILINet) monitors outpatient visits for respiratory illness referred to as influenza-like illness [ILI (fever plus cough or sore throat)], not laboratory-confirmed influenza, and may capture respiratory illness visits due to infection with any pathogen that can present with similar symptoms, including influenza, SARS-CoV-2, and RSV. (cdc.gov)
Nationwide during week 38, 2.0% of patient visits reported through ILINet were due to respiratory illness that included fever plus a cough or sore throat, also referred to as ILI. (cdc.gov)
More than 70% of ILINet participants provide both the number of patient visits for respiratory illness and the total number of patient visits for the week broken out by age group. (cdc.gov)
Data from this subset of providers are used to calculate the percentages of patient visits for respiratory illness by age group. (cdc.gov)
During week 38, the percentage of visits for respiratory illness reported in ILINet was 6.8% among those 0-4 years, 3.2% among those 5-24 years, 1.6% among those 25-49 years, 1.1% among those 50-64 years, and 0.8% among those 65 years and older. (cdc.gov)
The flu is a contagious respiratory illness that several influenza virus strains can cause. (physiciansimmediatecare.com)

The segmented genome allows influenza A viruses from different species to mix genes (reassortment) and create a new virus if influenza A viruses from two different species infect the same person or animal at the same time. (cdc.gov)
Most healthy adults who are ill with influenza may be able to infect other people beginning 1 day before symptoms develop and up to 5 to 7 days after becoming sick. (texas.gov)
The subtypes that infect pigs are H3N2, H1N1 and H1N2. (healthstatus.com)
Influenza A viruses may cause flu pandemics when a new influenza A virus strain emerges with the ability to infect and spread efficiently. (diasorin.com)
The viruses cannot infect the lungs or other areas where warmer temperatures exist. (flutalk.net)
These viruses are present in the air and infect a person by entering through nose or mouth. (zovon.com)
All human infections caused by a new influenza subtype are required to be reported under the International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005).4 This includes any influenza A virus that has demonstrated the capacity to infect a human and its haemagglutinin gene (or protein) is not a mutated form of those, i.e. (who.int)
Reassortment can occur when two influenza viruses infect a host at the same time and swap genetic information. (greenvillenr.com)

ABSTRACT Information on the prevalence of influenza, circulating virus subtypes and seasonality is essential for selecting strains for annual vaccines and for planning immunization programmes. (who.int)
If the same viruses continue to circulate during the upcoming flu season in the United States, these preliminary data suggest U.S. 2023-2024 flu vaccines could provide similar benefit against serious flu disease. (cdc.gov)
Flu vaccines provided significant protection against the flu viruses that were circulating in South America during the 2023 Southern Hemisphere flu season. (cdc.gov)
Flu vaccines also provided significant protection to groups that are at higher risk of severe flu illness. (cdc.gov)
If these same viruses continue to circulate in the Northern Hemisphere, U.S. 2023-2024 flu vaccines have the potential to provide similar protection during the upcoming U.S. flu season since the composition of U.S. 2023-2024 influenza vaccines is similar to the 2023 Southern Hemisphere vaccines. (cdc.gov)
Hemisphere trivalent and quadrivalent influenza vaccines. (cdc.gov)
Influenza vaccines are now widely available at pharmacies, workplace flu clinics, retirement homes and many more places. (flutalk.net)
Kim M.C., Lee Y.N., Ko E.J. Supplementation of influenza split vaccines with conserved M2 ectodomains overcomes strain specificity and provides long-term cross protection. (crie.ru)
The greater the change in these proteins, the less likely it is that the virus will be recognised by immune cells primed by exposure to earlier infections or vaccines, and the greater the epidemic potential. (health.gov.au)
Trivalent vaccines include H1N1, H3N2, and influenza B strains whereas an extra influenza B stain is included in quadrivalent vaccines. (digigiggles.com)
5, 6] For the 2021-2022 influenza season, all flu vaccines are expected to be quadrivalent. (medscape.com)
Influenza vaccines, which have been available for more than 60 years, are safe and effective. (who.int)
The instability of influenza viruses results in constant, permanent and usually small changes in their antigenic composition, a phenomenon known as antigenic drift, necessitating corresponding annual changes in the composition of influenza vaccines. (who.int)
Seasonal flu vaccines do not protect against influenza C or D viruses or against zoonotic (animal-origin) flu viruses that can cause human infections, such as variant or avian (bird) flu viruses. (greenvillenr.com)
In addition, flu vaccines will NOT protect against infection and illness caused by other viruses that also can cause influenza-like symptoms. (greenvillenr.com)
In addition, the lineage of 169 influenza B viruses has been determined: 155 (92%) belonged to the B/Yamagata lineage (the lineage of the B virus recommended by WHO for inclusion in trivalent seasonal influenza vaccines) and 14 (8%) to the B/Victoria lineage. (flutrackers.com)
Is There Any Kind of Influenza Vaccines Available? (gomedii.com)
The generated data and information supported timely, informed decision making in response to threats, expanded the data set used to select the components for seasonal influenza vaccines, and provided candidate seed viruses for possible use in influenza vaccines used worldwide. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
The majority of SAEs occurred after c adverse events listed below reflect experience in both children and adults and include those a causal relation of GBS with subsequent vaccines prepared from other influenza viruses is unclear. (who.int)

The influenza A (H1N2) strain appears to have resulted from the reassortment of the genes of currently circulating influenza A (H1N1) and A (H3N2) subtypes. (cdc.gov)
In April 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported the emergence of a novel strain of influenza A(H1N1) virus, which is now referred to as influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 or pH1N1. (cdc.gov)
The influenza A subtypes are further classified into strains, and the names of the virus strains include the place where the strain was first found and the year of discovery. (bcm.edu)
After 1930, H1N1 viral-strain was the most prominent factor in causing this illness among pigs within the next few decades. (healthstatus.com)
This 1976-strain was called 'A/New Jersey/1976 (H1N1). (healthstatus.com)
The history of influenza pandemics began with the H1N1 "Spanish Flu" strain of 1918-1919 that killed an estimated fifty million people [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
If someone is infected with an avian influenza strain, the illness is unusually aggressive. (dailynewsegypt.com)
The research offers an explanation for why some people fare much worse than others when infected with the same strain of the flu virus, and the findings could help inform strategies for minimizing the effects of the seasonal flu. (ucla.edu)
The PLoS Pathogens study may help solve a problem that had for decades vexed scientists and health care professionals: why the same strain of the flu virus affects people with various degrees of severity. (ucla.edu)
Brownstein, however, cautioned that cases of respiratory viruses are expected to increase further and higher levels still have potential to strain health systems and cause severe illnesses, Brownstein said. (abc7.com)
Experts are hopeful that new and updated immunizations that protect against COVID-19, influenza and RSV will stave off the strain on health care systems. (abc7.com)
112 national influenza centres in 83 countries and four WHO collaborating centres for reference and research on influenza.1 National centres transfer representative viral isolates to the collaborating centres for immediate strain identification. (who.int)
Type A subtype H1N1 one influenza virus strain and type A subtype H3N2 one influenza virus strain. (flushotprices.com)
How successfully a person can fend off the flu depends not only on the virus' notorious ability to change with the season, but also on the strain first encountered during childhood, according to new research published in the open-access journal PLoS Pathogens on December 19, 2019. (scitechdaily.com)
The findings offer an explanation for why some patients fare much worse than others when infected with the same strain of the flu virus. (scitechdaily.com)
For decades, scientists and healthcare professionals were vexed by the fact that the same strain of the flu virus affects people to various degrees of severity. (scitechdaily.com)
Antibodies to influenza viruses (including the human A2-Asian-57 strain) in sera from Australian shearwaters (Puffinus pacificus). (cdc.gov)

Enhanced surveillance with daily temperature taking and prompt reporting with isolation through home medical leave and segregation of smaller subgroups decrease the spread of influenza. (medscape.com)
and 5) summary of the geographic spread of influenza (state and territorial characterized as B/Brisbane/60/2008-like, which is included epidemiologist reports). (cdc.gov)
In the absence of immunity to these new viruses, there is rapid spread of influenza with dramatically increased rates of morbidity and mortality. (health.gov.au)
The EuroFlu bulletin describes and comments on influenza activity in the 53 Member States in the WHO European Region to provide information to public health specialists, clinicians and the public on the timing of the influenza season, the spread of influenza, the prevalence and characteristics of circulating viruses (type, subtype and lineage) and severity. (flutrackers.com)
Introduction: Staying home when sick can reduce the spread of influenza. (cdc.gov)

CDC has antigenically characterized 3 influenza viruses submitted by U.S. laboratories since September 29: one influenza A (H1N2) virus and 2 influenza B viruses. (cdc.gov)
Includes both the A (H1N1) and A (H1N2) influenza virus subtypes. (cdc.gov)
So, for example, a virus with version 1 of the HA protein and version 2 of the NA protein would be called influenza A subtype H1N2 (A H1N2, for short). (bcm.edu)
Mostly, this sickness is rooted into Influenza -A category and its subtypes - H1N1, H1N2, H2N3 and H3N2. (healthstatus.com)
For this reason, they are described as H1N1, H1N2 etc. depending on the type of H or N antigens they express with metabolic synergy. (indiatimes.com)
A(H1N2) variant viruses and one human case of infection with an influenza A(H3N2) variant virus were reported officially.3 One additional human case of infection with an influenza A(H1N1)v virus was detected. (who.int)
Most commonly, Swine Flu is of the H1N1 Influenza subtype, although they can sometimes come from H1N2, H3N1, and H3N2. (projectswole.com)

At the conclusion of today's session the participant will be able to describe the current status of influenza activity in the United States, discuss the circulating influenza strains seen this season and the implications for clinicians, discuss the use of influenza diagnostic tests and the role in clinical care and discuss anti-viral treatment implications for patients evaluation treatment and testing. (cdc.gov)
The enveloped influenza A virions have three membrane proteins (HA, NA, M2), a matrix protein (M1) just below the lipid bilayer, a ribonucleoprotein core (consisting of 8 viral RNA segments and three proteins: PA, PB1, PB2), and the NEP/NS2 protein. (virology.ws)
Like the influenza A and B viruses, the core of influenza C viruses consists of a ribonucleoprotein made up of viral RNA and four proteins. (virology.ws)
Between the years 1997 and 2002, 3 latest viral-strains of the influenza subtypes and five diverse genotypes were discovered as the primary reason for flu among pigs in North America. (healthstatus.com)
The criterion standard for diagnosing influenza A and B is a viral culture of nasopharyngeal samples or throat samples. (medscape.com)
CONCLUSIONS: The CPS-Ped can be used to describe the time course of illness and threshold for clinical improvement in hospitalized children and adolescents with acute respiratory failure from viral infections. (bvsalud.org)
Proliferation of influenza A is predominantly in avian hosts with very rapid mutation, resulting in a "quasispecies" [ 4 ], a vast number of viruses that are genetically related but differ in the amino acid sequences of the viral proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Avian influenza - also called bird flu or fowl plague - is a viral disease that infects birds, especially wild geese and ducks. (dailynewsegypt.com)
Very little is known, however, about the public health significance of influenza in the tropical developing world, where viral transmission continues year-round and the disease is thought to have high attack and case-fatality rates. (who.int)
Based on historical patterns, influenza pandemics can be expected to occur, on average, three to four times each century when new viral strains emerge by antigenic shift and are readily transmitted from person to person. (who.int)
Influenza or 'the flu' is a common, highly infectious respiratory viral disease. (health.gov.au)
Virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS) is a severe complication of various viral infections often resulting in multiorgan failure and death. (biomedcentral.com)
It is a prodrug which inhibits cap-dependent endonuclease, an enzyme specific to influenza, resulting in inhibition of viral replication. (medscape.com)
Increasing data indicate that it is an autoimmune disease, often triggered by a preceding viral or bacterial infection with organisms such as Campylobacter jejuni , cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, or Mycoplasma pneumoniae . (medscape.com)
Influenza refers to illness caused by the influenza viruses, but the term is commonly and incorrectly used to refer to similar illnesses caused by other viral respiratory pathogens. (msdmanuals.com)

however, some individuals develop serious complications or die from influenza. (texas.gov)
These medications are usually prescribed to persons who have a severe illness or to those who are at higher risk for developing serious illness or complications due to influenza. (texas.gov)
Some people are more likely to develop complications from their influenza illness, leading to hospitalization or even death. (texas.gov)
Individuals at higher risk of complications who have close contact with someone with influenza should contact their medical provider as soon as possible after exposure. (texas.gov)
Influenza A (H1N1) virus has been associated with severe diseases and complications in neighbouring Caribbean territories. (thestkittsnevisobserver.com)
1 Influenza-related morbidity (measured as excess hospitalisation) and mortality may result from these complications. (health.gov.au)
If taken within 48 hours after developing the flu symptoms, these medications help in shortening the duration of illness and also prevent complications if any develop. (digigiggles.com)
Most deaths associated with influenza in industrialized countries are due to complications of underlying diseases in people with well defined risks, including age over 65 years, chronic cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic or renal disease, and immunosuppression. (who.int)
The groups at risk for complications from 2009 H1N1 influenza and COVID-19 have significant overlap. (healthline.com)
Influenza can cause severe complications - especially in children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems - making it a serious public health concern. (physiciansimmediatecare.com)
Influenza complications can affect the heart, lower respiratory tract, and central nervous system, sometimes resulting in death. (physiciansimmediatecare.com)
[ 2 ] Early antiviral therapy must be considered among hospitalized children diagnosed with or suspected to have influenza, especially if they have risk factors such as asthma, cardiac problems, or other conditions, to prevent severe complications and prolonged hospitalization. (medscape.com)
This recommendation applies to camps, schools, businesses, mass gatherings, and other community settings where the majority of people are not at increased risk for influenza complications. (clinlabnavigator.com)
What are the Complications of Influenza? (gomedii.com)

During week 46 (November 10-16, 2002)*, 9 (1.3%) of the specimens tested by World Health Organization (WHO) and National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System (NREVSS) laboratories were positive for influenza. (cdc.gov)
Of the 9,154 specimens tested by U.S. World Health Organization (WHO) and National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System (NREVSS) collaborating laboratories and reported to CDC/Influenza Division, 2,866 (31.3%) were positive for influenza. (cdc.gov)
Nationally and in HHS Regions 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 9, the percentage of respiratory specimens testing positive for influenza in clinical laboratories increased (change of ≥0.5 percentage points) compared to the previous week. (cdc.gov)
Data from clinical laboratories (the percentage of specimens tested that are positive for influenza virus) are used to monitor whether influenza activity is increasing or decreasing. (cdc.gov)
Environmental samples from these stalls tested positive for influenza A(H5N6) viruses. (who.int)
This is consistent with the decline in the percentage of ILI and ARI sentinel specimens testing positive for influenza. (flutrackers.com)

This finding extends the host range of influenza viruses and indicates a need for increased surveillance for and control of influenza viruses among giant pandas. (cdc.gov)
Targeted surveillance for influenza A(H7N9) identified 21 cases of infection with this virus in Guangzhou, China, during April 1, 2013?March 7, 2014. (flutrackers.com)
In response to the influenza A(H7N9) outbreak, PUE surveillance was enhanced in April 2013 by implementing laboratory testing specific for influenza A(H7N9) virus ( 3 ). (flutrackers.com)
A description of the CDC influenza surveillance system, including methodology and detailed descriptions of each data component is available on the surveillance methods page. (cdc.gov)
Additional information on the current and previous influenza seasons for each surveillance component are available on FluView Interactive . (cdc.gov)
This article published in Communicable Diseases Intelligence Volume 26, No 2, June 2002 contains the annual report of the National Influenza Surveillance Scheme for 2001. (health.gov.au)
Surveillance of influenza in Australia in 2001 was based on data from national and state-based sentinel practice consultations for influenza-like illness, laboratory isolations of influenza virus and absenteeism rates from a national employer. (health.gov.au)
In 2001, laboratory-confirmed influenza became a notifiable disease and was reported to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS). (health.gov.au)
This study investigated how these missed detections occurred to determine their effect on the surveillance of influenza. (who.int)
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) numbers are on the rise and are projected to increase further, according to the CDC's weekly surveillance . (abc7.com)
This report brings together a range of data sources under the National Influenza Surveillance Scheme to describe influenza during 2010. (health.gov.au)
Laboratory-confirmed influenza is a notifiable disease in all states and territories and data are reported from each state or territory health department to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS). (health.gov.au)
Therefore, it is important to evaluate syndromic surveillance data, including that from ILINet, in the context of other sources of surveillance data to obtain a complete and accurate picture of influenza, SARS-CoV-2, and other respiratory virus activity. (cdc.gov)
Other respiratory virus surveillance data can be found on CDC's COVID Data Tracker , NCIRD Surveillance Systems website and National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System (NREVSS) website . (cdc.gov)
Influenza surveillance conducted by DODGRS during the 2019-2020 influenza season identified circulating influenza virus (sub)types, provided timely data on the genetic characteristics of the circulating viruses, and estimated influenza VE. (health.mil)
Laboratory-based influenza surveillance was conducted in the 2019-2020 influenza season among Department of Defense (DOD) beneficiaries through the DOD Global Respiratory Pathogen Surveillance Program (DODGRS). (health.mil)
Starting at surveillance week 45 (3-9 Nov. 2019), influenza B was the predominant influenza type, followed by high activity of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 three weeks thereafter. (health.mil)
Both influenza B and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 were then highly co-circulated through surveillance week 13 (22-28 March 2020). (health.mil)
Because of the changing nature of these viruses, it is crucial to conduct annual surveillance to determine the circulating viruses and to detect changes in the viruses during the influenza season. (health.mil)
Every year, the Department of Defense (DOD) Global Respiratory Pathogen Surveillance Program (DODGRS) performs routine respiratory pathogen surveillance among DOD service members and their beneficiaries, and evaluates influenza VE. (health.mil)
The objective of this report is to describe influenza surveillance trends and the end-of season VE estimates among DOD beneficiaries during the 2019-2020 influenza season. (health.mil)
Based on the results of outpatient and hospital surveillance, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses continued to co-circulate in the Region, with very few influenza B detections having been reported during this season. (flutrackers.com)
For a description of influenza surveillance in the WHO European Region see below . (flutrackers.com)
Writing in the article, Col. James Neville, MD, MPH, of the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks City-Base, Texas, and colleagues state, 'During seven complete influenza seasons, the DoD Global Laboratory-Based Influenza Surveillance Program. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
coordinated and expanded influenza surveillance efforts among the uniformed services and with DoD partner nations overseas, and operated in concert with WHO and CDC programs. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
As a result, the DoD and other global communities benefited from improved surveillance and expanded influenza laboratory and epidemiologic capability. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
In a commentary in the same issue, Dr. Patrick W. Kelley, MD, DrPH, of the Institute of Medicine, The National Academies, notes that, 'The somewhat unexpected emergence of novel H1N1 in Mexico, rather than in the anticipated Asian setting, highlights a lesson learned about the need for comprehensive global influenza surveillance. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
He continues, 'The success of the U.S. DoD system, and the particular epidemiologic characteristics of military populations and military health systems, suggest that global influenza surveillance and response could be more comprehensive and informative if other military organizations around the world took advantage of their comparative organizational advantages to emulate, extend, and institutionalize the U.S. DoD approach. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
A weekly surveillance report of seasonal influenza in the US is available at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's FluView . (msdmanuals.com)

Pandemics are associated with widespread illness - and sometimes death - even in otherwise healthy people. (bcm.edu)
Influenza B viruses cause the same spectrum of disease as influenza A. However, influenza B viruses do not cause pandemics. (virology.ws)
Influenza has a history as one of the world's most serious pathogens, with yearly regional infections and episodic global pandemics. (biomedcentral.com)
A major complication is the occurrence of global pandemics resulting from the emergence of highly infectious subtypes of the virus, particularly those capable of human-to-human transmission. (biomedcentral.com)
Influenza pandemics occur every 10 to 30 years. (health.gov.au)
During these pandemics, a quarter or more of the global population may be affected within a short period and the rates of illness and death from influenza can increase dramatically. (health.gov.au)
The Asian and Hong Kong pandemics in 1957 and 1968 introduced the H2N2 and H3N2 subtypes respectively, in each case replacing the previously circulating subtype of influenza A. There have been no major 'antigenic shifts' causing pandemics of influenza since 1968, however, the H1N1 subtype reappeared in the human population in 1977 and did not replace the H3N2 subtype. (health.gov.au)
Influenza pandemics, which have occurred approximately every 15 years over the last century, cause significant morbidity and mortality. (ispub.com)
The strains of Influenzavirus A implicated in those pandemics have been identified as H1N1, H2N2 and H3N2, respectively. (who.int)
Let's look at some of the similarities between the 2009 H1N1 influenza and COVID-19 pandemics. (healthline.com)
In both pandemics, certain groups were at an increased risk for severe illness. (healthline.com)
Obesity has not been recognized as a risk factor in either past pandemics or seasonal influenza. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Kilbourne ED. Influenza pandemics of the 20th Century. (cdc.gov)

Although it is unusual for people to get influenza A virus infections directly from animals, sporadic human infections and outbreaks caused by certain avian influenza A viruses and swine influenza A viruses have been reported. (cdc.gov)
The available data suggest that school closure can be a useful intervention during influenza outbreaks, with the greatest benefits occurring among school-aged children. (bmj.com)
Avian flu outbreaks caused by non-human infecting subtypes occur quite often. (dailynewsegypt.com)
Influenza outbreaks usually occur during winter months in temperate climates (peaking between December and March in the Northern Hemisphere and June and September in the Southern Hemisphere), but may occur throughout the year in tropical regions. (health.gov.au)
Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was also the cause of outbreaks in other Asian countries and territories including India, Singapore, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) and others. (who.int)
An investigation of the outbreak facilitated by WHO emphasized the increased likelihood of severe health consequences of influenza outbreaks in poorly nourished populations lacking access to well equipped health services. (who.int)
Two subtypes of influenza virus, H3N2 and H1N1, have been responsible for seasonal outbreaks of the flu over the last several decades. (scitechdaily.com)
A swine-origin influenza A virus was been identified as the cause of outbreaks of the febrile respiratory infection that has spread throughout the world since 2009. (clinlabnavigator.com)

however, human infections can happen when enough virus gets into a person's eyes, nose, or mouth, or is inhaled. (cdc.gov)
That's correct - influenza C causes mild upper respiratory tract infections with cold-like symptoms. (virology.ws)
There were too few influenza A(H3N2) virus infections among people enrolled in the study to produce a VE estimate against that subtype. (cdc.gov)
H1N1 strains caused a small percentage of all human flu infections in 2004-2005. (indiatimes.com)
Human infections by influenza A viruses commonly occur yearly, with a seasonal peak incidence [ 6 ], usually as a mild disease, but for some, as a more severe illness that may be fatal. (biomedcentral.com)
There are two methods of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) that have been the common methods to detect influenza infections: conventional and real-time RT-PCR. (who.int)
Cough and fever, usually accompanied by myalgia, headache, and sore throat, are the characteristic symptoms of influenza.3, 5 The suddenness with which these symptoms develop distinguishes influenza from other respiratory infections such as the common cold, in which symptoms develop more gradually. (ispub.com)
In one longitudinal study 6 of 138 asthmatic adults, 44% of asthma exacerbations with mean decreases in mean peak expiratory flow rate of at least 50 L/min were associated with laboratory-confirmed infections with pathogens such as influenza B, rhinoviruses, and coronaviruses. (ispub.com)
Influenza C viruses are less frequently detected and cause mild infections, which are not a threat to public health. (zovon.com)
Both 2009 H1N1 influenza and COVID-19 are respiratory infections that share many symptoms in common. (healthline.com)
Human infections with viruses of animal origin are expected at the human-animal interface wherever these viruses circulate in animals. (who.int)
Then, in 2016, a team including Worobey and authors of the current study presented a paper in the journal Science showing that past exposure to the flu virus determines an individual's response to subsequent infections, a phenomenon called immunological imprinting. (scitechdaily.com)
Age-specific attack rates for 2009 novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection cases are higher in younger persons and lower in older persons, compared with seasonal influenza infections. (clinlabnavigator.com)
The importance of influenza viruses in respiratory infections in the Middle East, including Iraq, has been historically overlooked. (flu.org.cn)
Several infections (eg, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis, varicella, other herpes viruses, Mycoplasma pneumoniae , C jejuni ) as well as immunizations have been known to precede or to be associated with the illness. (medscape.com)
Although respiratory infections can be classified by the causative virus (eg, influenza), they are generally classified. (msdmanuals.com)

To compare characteristics, clinical evolution and outcome in adult patients with influenza A (H1N1) acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treated with or without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). (nih.gov)
OBJECTIVE: To characterize residential social vulnerability among healthcare personnel (HCP) and evaluate its association with severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. (cdc.gov)
Globally, seasonal influenza for severe acute respiratory infection Aswan and Minya fever hospitals. (who.int)
Influenza is an acute, self-limiting upper respiratory tract infection. (health.gov.au)
Clinical consultation rates for influenza-like illness (ILI) and/or acute respiratory infection (ARI) returned to pre-season or below baseline levels in most of the countries in the WHO European Region. (flutrackers.com)
Throughout the past few years, the public has become intensely aware of the threat of emerging infectious diseases with the worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the threat of bioterrorism, the discovery of human cases of monkeypoxin, and the proliferation of West Nile virus. (gomedii.com)
Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and seasonal occurrence of influenza viruses in the Iraqi population presented with influenza-like illness (ILI) or severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)within2015-2017. (flu.org.cn)
The classic presentation is characterized by an acute monophasic, non-febrile, post-infectious illness manifesting as ascending weakness and areflexia. (medscape.com)
The acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) subtype of GBS is a purely motor disorder that is more prevalent amongst pediatric age groups. (medscape.com)

The virus can also be spread by people who are infected but have no symptoms. (texas.gov)
Some persons who are infected with the influenza virus do not have symptoms. (texas.gov)
Healthy individuals exposed to someone with influenza should monitor themselves for a few days to see if they develop symptoms. (texas.gov)
He said that the biology and epidemiology of the virus itself makes infection extremely difficult to detect in its early stages, because the majority of cases show no symptoms for five days or longer after exposure. (ucla.edu)
Zanamivir rapidly and effectively alleviated influenza symptoms regardless of patients' age or clinical characteristics. (ispub.com)
Even an uncomplicated case of influenza is likely to require days of bed rest and is associated with general malaise and weakness that may persist weeks beyond the cessation of other symptoms. (ispub.com)
It's also possible for a person to pass both viruses when they don't have any symptoms. (healthline.com)
Influenza symptoms may last longer than 1 week. (medscape.com)
16 y who have symptoms of influenza infection or colds, aspirin is not recommended because of an association with Reye syndrome . (medscape.com)
These symptoms begin within two days after exposure of the virus with the human body and most last less than a week. (gomedii.com)
Flu may not always be considered of by most people as a serious illness, its symptoms of a runny nose, cough, headaches, and muscle pain can confuse people it with a heavy cold. (gomedii.com)
What are the Symptoms of Influenza? (gomedii.com)
While the initial incubation period is usually 24-48 hours, an adult is usually contagious as long as they have symptoms, which can usually extend up to seven days following the beginning of the illness. (projectswole.com)

Although influenza strengthened in close collaboration sites, El-Gabarty polyclinic and the causes self-limiting infection and most with the World Health Organization outpatient clinics of Helwan, Embaba, people recover quickly, pregnant (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Zagazig and Damietta fever hospitals, women, the very young, the elderly and Control and Prevention (CDC) in collect data on ILI cases only. (who.int)
The percentage of outpatient healthcare provider visits for influenza-like illness (ILI) rose from 5.1% to 6.9% during the week ending December 28 (week 52). (medscape.com)
The second is that while the outpatient volume of visits related to influenza-like illness (ILI) has really skyrocketed in emergency departments as well as outpatient clinics, most persons with influenza will have relatively mild disease that can be managed at home. (medscape.com)

This type of major change in the influenza A viruses is known as " antigenic shift . (cdc.gov)
These change more slowly in terms of their genetic and antigenic properties than influenza A viruses, have a slower circulation, and vary by geography. (diasorin.com)
This 'antigenic drift' leads to the emergence of new antigenic variants or virus strains. (health.govt.nz)
The greatest public health concern lies in the tendency of Influenzavirus A to change suddenly and markedly, either through mutation or through the exchange of influenza virus genes or through the transfer of whole virus between host species into novel, genetically distinct subtypes, in a process known as antigenic shift. (who.int)
Influenza viruses change from year to year as they undergo constant antigenic drifts and potential antigenic shifts. (health.mil)
a new antigenic variant of the same type or subtype. (who.int)

There are four types of influenza viruses, namely, A, B, C and D. Human influenza viruses, A and B cause seasonal flu every year. (zovon.com)
Seasonal human influenza viruses are thought to spread from person to person primarily through large-particle respiratory droplet transmission (e.g., coughing or sneezing near a susceptible person). (clinlabnavigator.com)

These 'shifts' result in the emergence of a new influenza virus. (health.gov.au)

Influenza deaths in other age groups are not reportable in Texas. (texas.gov)
The proportion of deaths attributed to pneumonia and influenza (P&I) was above the epidemic threshold for the fourth consecutive week. (cdc.gov)
Six influenza-associated pediatric deaths were reported bringing to season total to 41. (cdc.gov)
Three of these deaths were associated with an influenza B virus, one was associated with an influenza A (H3) virus, one was associated with a 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus, and one was associated with an influenza A virus for which the subtype was not determined. (cdc.gov)
From October 3, 2010 - February 19, 2011, 8,227 laboratory-confirmed influenza associated hospitalizations and 115 laboratory-confirmed influenza associated deaths were reported to CDC. (cdc.gov)
Four influenza-associated pediatric deaths were reported during Week 48, bringing the 2023-2024 season total to 12 pediatric deaths. (cdc.gov)
CDC estimates that there have been at least 2.6 million illnesses, 26,000 hospitalizations, and 1,600 deaths from flu so far this season. (cdc.gov)
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that seasonal influenza is responsible for an average of more than 20,000 deaths annually. (medscape.com)
Most of the country is experiencing high influenza-like illness activity and 800 more deaths were reported during the last week of 2019 alone, according to the most recent report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (medscape.com)
Five pediatric deaths associated with influenza occurred during weeks 50 and 51 and were reported to CDC during week 52, bringing the total to 27. (medscape.com)
Three deaths were linked to influenza A viruses and two resulted from influenza B viruses. (medscape.com)
Of 27 deaths that have been reported this season, 18 were linked to influenza B viruses (five of these had the lineage determined and all five were B/Victoria viruses). (medscape.com)
Cite this: Influenza Continues Unabated in US, Deaths in the Thousands - Medscape - Jan 06, 2020. (medscape.com)
An estimated 19,000 to 58,000 deaths have been attributed to influenza since October 2022. (medscape.com)
The CDC documented that seasonal influenza was responsible for 5,000 to 14,000 deaths during the 2021-2022 season. (medscape.com)
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), influenza is responsible for nearly 500,000 annual deaths globally. (zovon.com)
For example, during an influenza outbreak in Madagascar in 2002, more than 27 000 cases were reported within three months and 800 deaths occurred despite rapid intervention. (who.int)
H1N1 causes fewer deaths overall and skews more toward young and middle-aged adults. (scitechdaily.com)
The CDC says that this season, the US has seen at least 4.4 million illnesses, 38,000 hospitalizations, and 2,100 deaths (including 7 pediatric deaths) as a result of the flu. (physiciansimmediatecare.com)

What is influenza-associated pediatric mortality? (texas.gov)
An influenza-associated pediatric death is a death in a child under 18 years of age resulting from a clinically compatible illness that is confirmed to be influenza by an appropriate laboratory or rapid diagnostic test. (texas.gov)
Influenza-associated pediatric mortality is reportable by law to the health department. (texas.gov)
As children have the highest incidence of influenza infection and are at high risk of severe disease, the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical importance and the impact on the households of oseltamivir-resistant seasonal A/H1N1 influenza virus in an otherwise healthy pediatric population. (biomedcentral.com)
The spread of H275Y-mutated A/H1N1 seasonal influenza virus is a common phenomenon and the clinical importance and impact on the households of the mutated virus is similar to that of the wild-type in an otherwise healthy pediatric population. (biomedcentral.com)

Hospitalization rates have also increased this season, and many have compared the overall seasonal hospitalization rate to that of the most recent severe influenza season, 2014-2015. (medscape.com)
These results suggest that early and aggressive treatment action should be taken in patients with a high clinical suspicion of severe influenza infection. (medscape.com)

Epidemiologic findings for a family cluster of 1 severe and 1 mild case suggested limited person-to-person transmission of this virus. (flutrackers.com)
Seasonal flu can cause mild to severe illness and, at times, can lead to death. (thestkittsnevisobserver.com)
Nearly all adults have been infected with influenza C virus, which causes mild upper respiratory tract illness. (virology.ws)
When infected with the lethal doses (5 LD50) of influenza A viruses of the subtypes H1N1, H2N2, H3N2, and H1N1pdm09, immunized animals typically developed mild form of illness. (crie.ru)
1 ] Influenza C is associated with mild cases of upper respiratory infection. (health.govt.nz)
These viruses may only cause mild illness for many people, but young babies, pregnant women, people who are immunocompromised and the elderly are at highest risk for severe disease. (abc7.com)
That said, most persons with influenza will have relatively mild disease, and routine use of Tamiflu is not recommended in groups outside of those high-risk indications. (medscape.com)
The 2009 H1N1 influenza and COVID-19 can range from mild to severe. (healthline.com)
size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to studies, antibody titers of 1:40 or greater have been associated with protection from influenza decision to give AFLURIA QUADRIVALENT should be based on careful consideration of the potential between treatment groups, and most events were mild to moderate in severity. (who.int)

The nasal swab specimens were collected in 1 mL phosphate-buffered saline and tested for evidence of pH1N1 virus and several other pathogens reported ( 5 - 7 ) or suspected to occur in giant pandas: canine distemper virus, canine adenovirus, canine coronavirus, canine herpesvirus, and canine parainfluenza virus. (cdc.gov)
One possible way that virus reassortment could occur is if a pig were infected with a human influenza A virus and an avian influenza A virus at the same time, the new replicating viruses could reassort and produce a new influenza A virus that had some genes from the human virus and some genes from the avian virus. (cdc.gov)
It is also possible that the process of genetic reassortment could occur in a person who is co-infected with an avian influenza A virus and a human influenza A virus. (cdc.gov)
Reassortment among the three influenza types (A, B, C) does not occur. (virology.ws)
they occur in a random fashion and the variant viruses that have the best genetically endowed combination of efficient infection, rapid replication, and greatest survival become the dominant populations. (biomedcentral.com)
1. What is the likelihood that additional human cases of infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses will occur? (who.int)

While at CDC Dr. Havers research interests have focused on the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of influenza. (cdc.gov)
The primer and probe sets in the HA gene were checked for mismatches, and phylogenetic analyses were performed to determine the molecular epidemiology of these viruses. (who.int)
Data used to describe the 2010 influenza season were classified under the areas of epidemiology, morbidity, mortality and virology. (health.gov.au)
Aufi IM, Khudhair AM, Ghaeb Al-Saadi L, Almoneem A. Epidemiology and Molecular Characterization of Seasonal Influenza Viruses in Iraq . (flu.org.cn)

During the flu-epidemic in 1918, this ailment was projected as a virus co-related to human influenza. (healthstatus.com)
Influenza A (H1N1) virus is the subtype of influenza A virus that was the most common cause of human influenza (flu) in 2009, and is associated with the 1918 outbreak known as the Spanish Flu. (indiatimes.com)
These results demonstrate that glycosylation patterns of the 1918 and seasonal H1N1 viruses directly contribute to differences in virulence and are partially responsible for their distinct antigenicity. (health-e-nc.org)

Six states have reported laboratory-confirmed influenza. (cdc.gov)
Influenza A(H7N9) virus reemerged in southern China in October 2013 and had caused 85 laboratory-confirmed cases of infection in Guangdong Province as of March 7, 2014. (flutrackers.com)
The virus causes significant morbidity: in the US in 2008, approximately one-third of all laboratory confirmed cases of influenza were caused by influenza B (as shown on the first graph on this CDC page) . (virology.ws)
[ 3 , 4 ] Laboratory-confirmed influenza (via nasopharyngeal swabs for culture, polymerase chain reaction, or both) occurred in 228 participants in the IIV3-HD group (1.4%) and 301 participants in the IIV3-SD group (1.9%), a relative efficacy of 24.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.7 to 36.5). (medscape.com)
Since the last risk assessment on 21 May 2021, one new laboratory-confirmed human case of influenza A(H5N6) virus infection was reported from China to WHO on 30 May 2021. (who.int)
The 2010 influenza season was moderate overall, with more laboratory-confirmed cases than in earlier years, with the exception of 2009. (health.gov.au)
In 2010, the number of laboratory-confirmed notifications for influenza was 0.8 times the 5-year mean. (health.gov.au)
In 2010, laboratory-confirmed influenza was a notifiable disease under state and territory legislation in all jurisdictions. (health.gov.au)

Is influenza contagious? (texas.gov)
Persons with novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection should be considered potentially contagious from 1 day before to 7 days following illness onset. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Swine Influenza, or Swine Flu, is a highly contagious respiratory disease that originated with pigs and is caused by one of many strains of the Influenza A virus. (projectswole.com)

Amantadine inhibits the replication of influenza A virus isolates from each of the subtypes, i.e. (nih.gov)
It has very little or no activity against influenza B virus isolates. (nih.gov)
Sensitivity test results, expressed as the concentration of amantadine required to inhibit by 50% the growth of virus (ED 50 ) in tissue culture vary greatly (from 0.1 mcg/mL to 25 mcg/mL) depending upon the assay protocol used, size of virus inoculum, isolates of influenza A virus strains tested, and the cell type used. (nih.gov)
The influenza B isolates, which made up only 10 per cent of all isolates, were mainly B/Sichuan/379/99-like strains but 10 per cent of isolates were more closely related to B/Harbin/7/94-like viruses, which circulated in previous years. (health.gov.au)
Sequencing was conducted on 23 influenza (H1N1)pdm09 isolates that were recovered from positive samples. (who.int)

This virus rapidly affected countries worldwide and continues to circulate as a seasonal influenza virus. (cdc.gov)
All influenza types and subtypes have been identified at high levels this season, and continue to circulate widely. (cdc.gov)
Influenza and other respiratory viruses are starting to circulate but so far remain lower than this time last year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (abc7.com)
Current subtypes of influenza A viruses that routinely circulate in people include A(H1N1) and A(H3N2). (greenvillenr.com)

It will not protect against any other strains of influenza virus. (flutalk.net)

During week 46, WHO and NREVSS laboratories reported 701 specimens tested for influenza viruses, of which 9 (1.3%) were positive. (cdc.gov)
WHO and NREVSS collaborating laboratories located in all 50 states and Washington D.C. report to CDC the number of respiratory specimens tested for influenza and the number positive by influenza type and subtype. (cdc.gov)
During week 12/2014, both the total number of specimens tested for influenza and the influenza positivity rate decreased from those in previous weeks: 13 193 specimens from sentinel and non-sentinel sources were tested for influenza, 2398 (18%) of which were positive: 2212 (92%) influenza A and 186 (8%) influenza B (Fig. 1 and 2). (flutrackers.com)

Antiviral medications can shorten the duration and severity of illness if given within the first 48 hours of the illness. (texas.gov)

We confirmed infection with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in giant pandas in China during 2009 by using virus isolation and serologic analysis methods. (cdc.gov)
Evidence of infection with influenza viruses in migratory waterfowl. (cdc.gov)

Type A influenza is classified into subtypes depending on which versions of two different proteins are present on the surface of the virus. (bcm.edu)
Influenza B virions have four proteins in the envelope: HA, NA, NB, and BM2. (virology.ws)
Influenza viruses carry proteins on their surface. (dailynewsegypt.com)
Influenza viruses are classified as type A, B, or C by their nucleoproteins and matrix proteins. (msdmanuals.com)

In the spring of 2009, a different influenza virus - one that had never been seen before - suddenly appeared. (bcm.edu)

The most commonly observed influenza virus subtypes were B followed by A/H3 in ILI cases, and A/H1N1 followed by B in SARI cases. (who.int)
The novel virus, commonly called swine flu, is named influenza A (H1N1). (bcm.edu)
This disease is mainly caused due to a certain influenza virus commonly referred to as Swine Influenza Virus (SIV). (healthstatus.com)
Influenza, commonly known as flu, refers to a respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses. (zovon.com)
Gastroenteritis is commonly known as 'Stomach flu' or '24-hour flu' which is not caused by influenza viruses. (zovon.com)
The virus spreads from person to person by airborne droplets of exhaled respiratory secretions, commonly generated by coughing or sneezing. (health.gov.au)

ECMO may be an effective salvage treatment for patients with influenza A (H1N1)-related ARDS presenting rapid refractory respiratory failure, particularly when provided by a mobile team allowing early cannulation prior to transfer to a reference centre. (nih.gov)
The CDC recommends that patients with influenza stay home until fever-free, without use of fever-reducing medications, for 24 hours. (medscape.com)
The mechanisms leading to multiorgan failure and death in patients with influenza infection are not well understood. (biomedcentral.com)

The development of the virus concept as reflected in corpora of studies on individual pathogens. (cdc.gov)

This graphic shows the two types of influenza viruses (A and B) that cause most human illness and that are responsible for flu seasons each year. (greenvillenr.com)

Geographically, influenza activity was widespread in Puerto Rico and 45 states, regional in four states (Kansas, Maine, North Dakota, and Vermont), local in the District of Columbia and Hawaii, and sporadic in the US Virgin Islands. (medscape.com)
Since 1977, influenza A (H1N1), A (H3N2) and influenza B viruses have co-circulated and have been widespread globally, varying in frequency temporally and geographically. (health.gov.au)
As of early February 2018, what we know from the CDC data is that influenza activity continues to be widespread across the United States. (medscape.com)

Other strains of H1N1 are endemic in pigs (swine influenza) and in birds (avian influenza). (indiatimes.com)

Dr. Havers completed the epidemic intelligence service training in the influenza division at CDC and is board certified to practice internal medicine and infectious diseases. (cdc.gov)
Influenza is a highly infectious disease caused by a very unstable virus. (who.int)
Influenza , generally known as "flu", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus including type A virus, type B virus, type C virus, and Thogotovirus. (gomedii.com)
Influenza is an infectious disease, which means it can be easily spread from person to person. (gomedii.com)

99%) of the influenza viruses tested this season are susceptible to the four FDA-approved influenza antiviral medications recommended for use in the US this season. (medscape.com)
Adverse event data collected during Phase II and Phase III clinical trials of zanamivir in the treatment of influenza show that it has favorable tolerability, a feature that distinguishes it from other antiviral therapies for influenza. (ispub.com)
The ACIP also publishes recommendations on the use of antiviral agents for prevention and treatment of influenza . (medscape.com)
Antiviral treatment reduces the duration of illness by about 1 day and should be specifically considered for high-risk patients. (msdmanuals.com)

The predominant virus has varied by week, region, and even between states within the same region. (cdc.gov)
Since Week 40, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 has been the predominant virus circulating in all regions. (cdc.gov)

Data from public health laboratories are used to monitor the proportion of circulating influenza viruses that belong to each influenza subtype/lineage. (cdc.gov)

Influenza B viruses are not divided into subtypes but rather classified into two lineages: B/Yamagata and B/Victoria. (diasorin.com)
Nationally, influenza B/Victoria viruses are predominant, followed by A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. (medscape.com)
Influenza B/Victoria viruses are most common among children aged 4 years and younger (48% of reported viruses) and those aged 5 to 24 years (59% of reported viruses). (medscape.com)
The currently circulating Influenza B virus lineages are: B/Yamagata and B/Victoria. (zovon.com)
Almost all (99%) of the circulating influenza B viruses that were analysed were from the B/Victoria lineage. (health.gov.au)
Influenza A viruses are further classified into subtypes, while influenza B viruses are further classified into two lineages: B/Yamagata and B/Victoria. (greenvillenr.com)

During February?May 2013, the initial outbreak of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in China resulted in 133 cases ( 1 ). (flutrackers.com)

Since the start of the year we have received laboratory confirmation for approximately three (3) cases of Influenza A (H1N1). (thestkittsnevisobserver.com)

four of these were subtyped and all four were A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. (medscape.com)
Constant monitoring of genetic changes in the circulating influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses is important for maintaining the sensitivity of molecular detection assays. (who.int)

Although influenza infection affects all age groups, the rates of serious morbidity and mortality tend to be highest among those aged 65 years and over, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders and those with chronic medical problems. (health.gov.au)
WHO recommends annual immunization of at-risk persons as the best and most cost-effective strategy for reducing influenza-related morbidity and mortality. (who.int)

The most recent strains of influenza were noticed during the 2009 swine flu endemic in Mexico and some farm pigs in Alberta, Canada. (healthstatus.com)

When shifts happen, most people have little or no immunity against the new virus. (cdc.gov)
It is always a great concern when a new flu virus emerges, because the general population does not have immunity and almost everyone is susceptible to infection and disease. (bcm.edu)
The flu shot is made of inactivated flu viruses, so it can help you build immunity without actually making you sick. (flutalk.net)
It takes some time for immunity to rebuild to protect against these viruses. (physiciansimmediatecare.com)
Older persons, as a group, might have preexisting immunity to the 2009 H1N1 virus. (clinlabnavigator.com)

Most flu viruses identified in the U.S. in recent weeks have been influenza A(H1N1) and influenza B viruses and the same as those identified in South America during their 2023 season. (cdc.gov)

I am delighted to welcome you to today's COCA call: 2015 to 2016 Influenza Activity and Clinical Recommendations. (cdc.gov)
Influenza has traditionally been diagnosed on the basis of clinical criteria, but rapid diagnostic tests, which have a high degree of specificity but only moderate sensitivity, are becoming more widely used. (medscape.com)
A quantitative relationship between the in vitro susceptibility of influenza A virus to amantadine and the clinical response to therapy has not been established in man. (nih.gov)
In clinical trials involving more than 4000 patients and in usual clinical practice involving tens of thousands more to date, no zanamivir-resistant viruses have been isolated. (ispub.com)
An important tool for the management of influenza, zanamivir will help health care practitioners to reduce the clinical, economic, and humanistic impacts of this disease. (ispub.com)
No significant differences were found in terms of clinical importance or impact on the households between the children with oseltamivir-resistant seasonal A/H1N1 influenza virus and those with the wild-type. (biomedcentral.com)
In clinical trials, single-dose baloxavir is safe and effective in treating patients with uncomplicated influenza. (medscape.com)

Anatomy15

Organisms94

Diseases24

Chemicals and Drugs38

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science5

Named Groups1

Health Care19

Geographicals3

Pandemic41

Vaccine71

Epidemics27

Avian influenza viruses3

Vaccination21

Humans35

Neuraminidase12

Hemagglutinin5

H5N19

Respiratory illness15

Infect8

Vaccines19

Strain17

Spread of influenza5

H1N27

Viral15

Complications14

Positive for influenza6

Surveillance29

Pandemics13

Outbreaks8

Infections16

Acute9

Symptoms13

Outpatient3

Antigenic6

Human influenza viruses2

Emergence1

Deaths19

Pediatric5

Severe influenza2

Mild9

Occur6

Epidemiology4

19183

Laboratory-confirmed8

Contagious3

Isolates5

Circulate4

Strains of influenza virus1

Specimens tested for influenza3

Severity1

Infection with influenza2

Proteins4

Different influenza virus1

Commonly6

Patients with influenza3

Pathogens1

Types of influenza1

Widespread3

Swine influenza1

Infectious4

Antiviral4

Predominant virus2

Belong to each influenza1

Victoria6

H7N91

Cases of influenza1

Pdm09 viruses2

Morbidity2

Pigs1

Immunity5

20231

Clinical7