Idiosyncratic drug induced agranulocytosis antithyroid drug induced agranulocytosis. Medical search. Frequent questions

Neutropenia Granulocytopenia Thrombocytopenia Neutrophils Abnormal Inhibit Severe Medications Patients Reaction Methimazole Cases Generally Toxicity Include Treatment Rare Immune Cells Case Blood

[ 3 ] Major causes of acquired neutropenia are infection, drugs (through direct toxicity or immune effects), and autoimmunity. (medscape.com)
A variety of drugs can cause acquired agranulocytosis and neutropenia by destroying special cells in the bone marrow that later mature and become granulocytes (precursors). (orthopedicshealth.com)

Other side effects include granulocytopenia (dose dependent, which improves on cessation of the drug) and aplastic anemia, and in case of propylthiouracil, severe, fulminant liver failure. (wikipedia.org)

Although hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, and agranulocytosis are known side effects of propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole, they are rare enough and of such sudden onset that routine laboratory screening is rarely helpful. (medscape.com)

Vulnerability to infection is extremely high in patients with agranulocytosis, which is the virtual absence of neutrophils in peripheral blood, with ANC typically lower than 100/μL. (medscape.com)

This suggests a distinct TH-dependent etiology for both phenotypes, and illustrates how timing of hypothyroxinemia can induce abnormal brain structure and function. (bvsalud.org)

Other drugs that interfere with, or inhibit, granulocyte colony formation may induce agranulocytosis. (orthopedicshealth.com)
These drugs probably inhibit the enzyme thyroid peroxidase (a.k.a. thyroperoxidase), decreasing iodide oxidation, iodination of tyrosyl residues in thyroglobulin, and coupling of iodotyrosyl and iodothyronyl residues. (wikipedia.org)

Acquired agranulocytosis is a rare, drug-induced blood disorder that is characterized by a severe reduction in the number of white blood cells (granulocytes) in the circulating blood. (orthopedicshealth.com)

However, among the drugs to which a patient may be sensitive are several used in the treatment of cancer (cancer chemotherapeutic agents) and others used as antipsychotic medications (e.g., clozapine). (orthopedicshealth.com)

As neutrophil levels decrease, the susceptibility of patients with acquired agranulocytosis to bacterial infections becomes even greater. (orthopedicshealth.com)

Some drugs cause this reaction in anyone given large enough doses. (orthopedicshealth.com)
Other drugs may cause the reaction in one person but not in another (idiosyncratic). (orthopedicshealth.com)
this is an idiosyncratic reaction which generally resolves on cessation of drug. (wikipedia.org)

The main antithyroid drugs are carbimazole (in the UK), methimazole (in the US), and propylthiouracil (PTU). (wikipedia.org)
The most common drugs in this class are thioamides, which include propylthiouracil, methimazole and its prodrug carbimazole. (wikipedia.org)

In rare cases of acute acquired agranulocytosis, destructive action of certain white blood cell antibodies (leukocyte isoantibodies) may be induced by certain drugs such as phenylbutazone, gold salts, sulfapyridine, aminopyrine, meralluride, and dipyrine. (orthopedicshealth.com)
It occurs in about 0.2 to 0.3% of cases treated with antithyroid drugs. (wikipedia.org)

Chronic acquired agranulocytosis generally progresses more slowly than acquired agranulocytosis. (orthopedicshealth.com)

These drugs are no longer used due to high toxicity and adverse effects. (wikipedia.org)

Drugs with this characteristic include valproic acid, carbamazepine, and the beta-lactam antibiotics. (orthopedicshealth.com)

A complicating factor is that several commonly used anti-cancer drugs are prone to cause agranulocytosis, thus interfering with treatment. (orthopedicshealth.com)
and it has become a standard treatment for acquired agranulocytosis. (orthopedicshealth.com)
The treatment of acquired agranulocytosis includes the identification and elimination of drugs or other agents that induce this disorder. (orthopedicshealth.com)

Inpatient care is rarely required in children with hyperthyroidism, and serious complications of medical therapy (eg, agranulocytosis, hepatitis, lupuslike syndrome) are quite rare. (medscape.com)

In some instances, the action of some drugs or chemicals suggests that the immune system is involved. (orthopedicshealth.com)

The most studied drug in this class is lithium, which inhibits thyroid hormone secretion by inhibiting iodotyrosine coupling, thyroidal iodine uptake, and alteration in structure of thyroglobulin, a protein which acts as a substrate for the synthesis of thyroid hormones and storage of inactive forms of T3, T4 and iodine within the lumen of thyroid follicular cells. (wikipedia.org)

In the case of gold, or anti-thyroid drugs, or quinidine, among others, antibodies are created that appear to break the granulocytes down. (orthopedicshealth.com)

Monitoring of the infant's complete blood count and differential is advisable if there is a suspicion of a drug-induced blood dyscrasia. (nih.gov)
Vulnerability to infection is extremely high in patients with agranulocytosis, which is the virtual absence of neutrophils in peripheral blood, with ANC typically lower than 100/μL. (medscape.com)