Identification of bacterial signal molecules. Medical search. Frequent questions

Over the last decade, research on antimicrobials has shifted towards an alternative approach to combat pathogens using anti-infective drugs that selectively interrupt virulence pathways to help prevent or cure bacterial infections. (nature.com)
Plant-microbiome functioning depends on intricate signaling pathways including plant-derived excretions that induce microbial gene expression. (bvsalud.org)
As well as playing an integral structural role, SLs act as potent signalling molecules involved in numerous cellular pathways having been implicated in cancer, inflammatory conditions and cardiovascular disease. (ed.ac.uk)
The process is highly regulated by multiple signaling pathways and orchestrated by more than 30 autophagy-related (Atgs) proteins organized in several functional units ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Li's lab has identified several positive signaling pathways involved in mucus overproduction, and is now working to determine the negative regulators involved in preventing overactive mucus overproduction and further exploring their translational potential. (gra.org)
We also show that PsbS and Elip2 molecules are capable of following either 'unassisted' or assisted pathways, and we discuss the implications for the mechanism and role of SRP in chloroplasts. (soton.ac.uk)
DMS, another infochemical in signalling pathways, is important in global sulphur cycling2, and affects the Earth's albedo, and potentially climate, via sulphate aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei production. (uea.ac.uk)

Our sensing platform may provide guidelines for alternative designs and future studies of bacterial model systems (e.g. pathogens versus commensal bacteria). (europa.eu)
Distel, D. L., DeLong, E. F., and Waterbury, J. Epub … Bacterial Identification by 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis Background All bacteria contain 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes of approximately 1500 base pairs (bp) in length. (printerresource.com)
Currently, initial antimicrobial treatment is administered according to direct microscopic morphology and Gram staining, hours ahead of final biochemical identification of bacteria in culture2. (alejandrocorreae.com)
Depending on PAMP/DAMP nature and localization, autophagy can selectively capture bacteria, such event is called xenophagy, damaged organelles, and other signaling platforms activated during the infection ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
While the core components of the chemotaxis pathway are conserved across bacteria, the specific signals that trigger chemotactic responses remain largely unidentified. (umu.se)
For Arabidopsis roots, protein extraction by beating whole roots with small beads provided the greatest number of identified microbial proteins and improved the identification of proteins from gram-positive bacteria. (nsf.gov)
To confirm which media and which bacterial colony densities can enrich certain kinds of bacteria, we selected eight common media and used them to enrich the gut microorganisms on agar plates. (springeropen.com)
We investigated how the nutritional components and densities influence the composition and diversity of the bacterial community, which bacteria could be enriched and the conditions of nutritional composition or density that allowed enrichment, and what the interaction was among bacteria at various densities. (springeropen.com)
Researchers at U.S. Genomics , in Woburn, MA, and Draper Laboratory , in Cambridge, MA, are working together to improve technology that allows for the sequencing and identification of bacteria and other pathogens without culturing. (technologyreview.com)
When a lot of these "hey guys" signals are combined in a dense culture, genetic switches in the bacteria are tripped, activating all sorts of behaviors. (scienceblogs.com)

Various bacterial pathogens release NADase enzymes into the host cell that deplete the host's NAD + pool, thereby causing rapid cell death. (nature.com)
Anti-infective drugs that do not perturb survival or viability of bacterial pathogens should be less likely to promote resistance than conventional antibiotics 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
Further, several in vivo studies have demonstrated a role for Nod1 and Nod2 in host defense against bacterial pathogens. (hindawi.com)
Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of autophagy manipulation in improving therapeutics and vaccines against bacterial pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we review the many functions of autophagy in bacterial infections with a focus on macrophages, the first line of host defenses, and the replicative niche of numerous pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
The inhibition of one of these steps by small molecules, such as antimicrobial peptides, or their action on specific targets will leave pathogens armless against classical antibiotics. (intechopen.com)
When a patient is admitted to the hospital with signs of a dangerous systemic bacterial infection, or when a post-office worker finds white powder in a suspicious-looking envelope, the ability to quickly identify potential pathogens is important. (technologyreview.com)

Much additional work by our group and others' is now elucidating the nitric oxide and c-di-GMP-mediated signalling pathway, and its exploitation for biofilm control in medical and industrial contexts. (southampton.ac.uk)
Autophagy is a well-conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that plays key roles in bacterial infections. (frontiersin.org)
We identify the first DMSP synthesis gene in any organism, dsyB, which encodes the key methyltransferase enzyme of this pathway and is a reliable reporter for bacterial DMSP synthesis in marine alphaproteobacteria. (uea.ac.uk)

Dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) is one of the Earth's most abundant organosulphur molecules, a signalling molecule, a key nutrient for marine microorganisms, and the major precursor for gaseous dimethyl sulphide (DMS). (uea.ac.uk)
Adaptive immune mechanisms recognize and neutralize foreign molecules or microorganisms in a specific manner. (lu.se)

[ 3 , 4 ] In addition, tyrosine kinase 2 deficiency (tyk2) deficiency was reported in patients with HIES, but tyk2 deficiency is also characterized by severe viral and bacterial infections. (medscape.com)
DOCK8 deficiency is now known to cause a combined immunodeficiency rendering the affected patients susceptible to viral, fungal, and bacterial infections. (medscape.com)
Regulation of mucus overproduction in bacterial infections. (gra.org)
The discovery may eventually have significance for research into bacterial infections. (umu.se)
These findings deepen our knowledge of bacterial behaviour and may impact the development of strategies to manipulate bacterial populations or control bacterial infections," says Felipe Cava, professor at the Department of Molecular Biology at Umeå University. (umu.se)
In fact, it was shown that the majority of all bacterial infections are related to biofilm growth, stressing the importance of this life style [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The Research Core Unit Metabolomics headed by Prof. Dr. Roland Seifert (Medizinische Hochschule Hannover) provides measurements of bacterial signaling molecules using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry/metabolomics approaches. (spp1879.de)
In recent years, microbial culturomics has been a culturing approach that uses multiple techniques, such as MALDi-TOF mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA sequencing, for the identification of bacterial species. (springeropen.com)

Bacterial strains including Bacteroides gallinarum (MT152630), Ruminococcus bromii (MT152631), Lactobacillus acidophilus (MT152632), Parabacteroides gordonii (MT152633), Prevotella copri (MT152634) and Lactobacillus gasseri (MT152635) were isolated from mice treated with GM+modified diet (HFD/CD) compared to strains Akkermansia muciniphila (MT152625), Bacteriodes sp. (bvsalud.org)
Any drug impairing crucial processes for bacterial life will inevitably lead to the development of drug-resistant strains, whereas the inhibition of biofilm formation might prevent the onset of bacterial resistance. (intechopen.com)
U.S. Genomics has built a database of these patterns, which it calls bar codes, for many bacterial species and strains. (technologyreview.com)

Since their identification in V. harveyi, such hybrid systems have been identified in many other bacterial species. (wikipedia.org)
Sphingolipids (SLs) are ubiquitous elements in the membranes of eukaryotes and are also found in some bacterial and viral species. (ed.ac.uk)
The number of bacterial species in the human gut is estimated to be about 40,000, according to Daniel Frank and Norman Pace, writing in the January 2008 Current Opinion in Gastroenterology. (spectrevision.net)
The structural characterization of the sensory protein in complex with both D-amino acids allowed the identification of the key ligand-binding residues and prediction of functional orthologues in other species. (umu.se)
Therefore, the applicability of these findings to other bacterial species needs additional investigation," says Oihane Irazoki. (umu.se)

We have analyzed possible combinations of RSH proteins and their domains in bacterial genomes and compared RSH content with available RSH knock-out data for various organisms to determine the rules of combining RSHs. (nih.gov)
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain proteins (NODs) are modular cytoplasmic proteins implicated in the recognition of peptidoglycan-derived molecules. (hindawi.com)
Nod1 and Nod2 are NLR proteins that trigger nuclear factor- κ B (NF- κ B) signaling in response to bacterial peptidoglycan. (hindawi.com)
Lysine methyltransferase, or KMT, enzymes help with the transfer of methyl groups from S-adenosyl methionine molecules to proteins. (asbmb.org)
The biogenesis of several bacterial polytopic membrane proteins has been shown to require signal recognition particle (SRP) and protein transport machinery, and one such protein, the major light-harvesting chlorophyll- binding protein (LHCP) exhibits these requirements in chloroplasts. (soton.ac.uk)

Prior to developing the condition, most people with Guillain-Barré syndrome have a bacterial or viral infection. (medlineplus.gov)

The Casuarina NIN gene is transcriptionally activated throughout Frankia root infection as well as in response to bacterial diffusible signals. (unh.edu)

2017 ) NF-κBp50 and HDAC1 Interaction Is Implicated in the Host Tolerance to Infection Mediated by the Bacterial Quorum Sensing Signal 2-Aminoacetophenone. (academictree.org)
Bandyopadhaya A. ( 2015 ) Toll-like Receptor (TLR) and Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain (NOD) Signaling during Vibrio Cholerae Infection Moj Immunology . (academictree.org)
The immune response against Brucella infection involves many molecules and cells to trigger a Th1 immune response and activation of CD8+ T cells [ 12 - 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
Herein, we have shown that NOD1, NOD2, or the adaptor molecule Rip2 plays no role in enhancing resistance to B. abortus infection in vivo . (hindawi.com)
[ 9 ] Recent progress in immunological research continues to find other gene mutations that can manifest as overlapping clinical features of HIES (high IgE, allergic symptoms, vulnerability to fungal and bacterial infection). (medscape.com)

These intriguing molecules, generated from L-amino acids by racemase enzymes, play diverse and specific roles in various cellular processes, including cell wall formation, biofilm stability, spore germination, and interbacterial interactions. (umu.se)
TIR domains are NAD-degrading enzymes that function during immune signaling in prokaryotes, plants, and animals. (nsf.gov)

Cell Commun Signal , 2020, 18: 160. (plus.ac.at)

Thus, V. harveyi has been instrumental to the understanding and appreciation of interspecies bacterial communication. (wikipedia.org)
We are confident that studies of the intra- and interspecies signaling in bacterial communities will improve our understanding of bacterial competition in wound microbiomes. (europa.eu)

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a key molecule in cellular bioenergetics and signalling. (nature.com)
Protein kinase C epsilon, or PKCε, a crucial signaling molecule within cells, plays a significant role in transmitting signals and influences various cellular functions. (asbmb.org)

2016 ) A quorum-sensing signal promotes host tolerance training through HDAC1-mediated epigenetic reprogramming. (academictree.org)

To realize this goal, NANOBIOME developed a plasmonic 2D screening platform for sensitive, rapid, and robust detection of bacterial QS signaling by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. (europa.eu)
This SERS screening platform has been used for the detection of different bacterial QS molecules (pyocyanin, violacein). (europa.eu)
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) can provide strongly increased Raman signals from molecules which have been deposited onto nanometer sized metallic structures and/or nanostructured metallic surfaces. (alejandrocorreae.com)
Several reports were published on bacterial identification using the SERS spectroscopic technique12, 13. (alejandrocorreae.com)
In Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), SERS-like enhancement is produced when a metallized AFM probe amplifies local electromagnetic field that is experienced by the molecules underneath the probe. (alejandrocorreae.com)

We have performed high-throughput sensitive sequence searching of over 1000 genomes from across the tree of life, in combination with phylogenetic analyses to consolidate previous ad hoc identification of diverse RSHs in different organisms and provide a much-needed unifying terminology for the field. (nih.gov)
The extracellular matrix, or ECM, forms the structural framework of multicellular organisms and functions as a signaling platform that influences processes such as proliferation, survival and differentiation. (asbmb.org)
Our facilities provide the opportunity to study molecules, cells, organs and entire organisms. (lu.se)

Future studies will focus on identifying the novel molecular targets of CYLD and the underlying signaling mechanisms involved in inflammatory and infectious diseases, as well as investigating the mechanisms by which CYLD is induced. (gra.org)
Research focuses on investigating the molecular targets and the underlying signaling mechanisms by which CYLD regulates S. pneumoniae -induced lethality. (gra.org)
The animal and plant kingdoms likewise utilize carbohydrate recognition signaling mechanisms including mannose residues. (encapsula.com)

The immune system consists of a large number of molecules and processes, and immunodeficiencies can therefore be caused by genetic alterations at many loci. (lu.se)
MW) chemicals interact with host cells and molecules and In our daily life, we are confronted with a plethora of natural influence biologic processes such as signal transduction. (cdc.gov)

However, their specific role in bacterial behaviour remains underexplored. (umu.se)
Jarzab M, Posselt G, Meisner-Kober N, Wessler S . Helicobacter pylori -derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs): role in bacterial pathogenesis? (plus.ac.at)

For this purpose, the polymer coating around the "sensing pixels" was used as a molecular trap to chemically harvest and accumulate hydrophobic analyte molecules near the particle surface. (europa.eu)
An innovative signal detection system that can detect infinitesimal molecules by amplifying molecular fingerprints has been developed. (unist.ac.kr)
Such signals may be transmitted via NTD to CTD intra-molecular interactions, or inter-molecular interactions either among individual RSH molecules or among long RSHs and other binding partners such as the ribosome. (nih.gov)
Many phage have proved useful in the study of molecular biology and as vectors for the transfer of genetic information between cells lambda bacteriophage can also undergo a lytic cycle or can enter a lysogenic cycle, in which the page DNA is incorporated into that of the host, awaiting a signal that initiates events leading to replication of the virus and lysis of the host cell. (genomicglossaries.com)

To improve our understanding, we need access to the chemical cell-to-cell communication (quorum sensing, QS), to enable monitoring of changes in biofilms, specifically the competition of bacterial communities for resources and space, and the population density-dependent change from non-virulent to virulent. (europa.eu)
Biofilms are increasingly recognised as the predominant mode of bacterial growth including within medical, engineered, and environmental contexts. (southampton.ac.uk)
We discovered that exogenous nitric oxide can act as a signal for the dispersal of bacterial biofilms. (southampton.ac.uk)

While the role of L-amino acids as signalling molecules has been extensively investigated, the precise function of their D-form counterparts in chemotaxis remains largely unknown. (umu.se)
This regulator itself shows an enhanced expression in the presence of high c-di-GMP concentrations [ 12 ], a secondary messenger molecule which has been studied extensively in regulation of bacterial multicellular behavior, motility and virulence [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Additionally, we show that transparent soil allows the detection of lipopeptides production and dynamics by HPLC-MS, and MALDI-MS imaging, along with fluorescence imaging of 3-dimensional bacterial assemblages. (bvsalud.org)
in the past few years, this one is special because it couples oscillations in fluorescence to bacterial quorum sensing, allowing the oscillations to be synchronized in waves across a colony of cells. (scienceblogs.com)

2016 ) Bacterial-excreted small volatile molecule 2-aminoacetophenone induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in murine skeletal muscle. (academictree.org)

The appearance of colony morphotypes is a signature of genetic diversification in evolving bacterial populations. (bvsalud.org)

In Arabidopsis, TIR-derived small molecules bind and activate EDS1 heterodimers, which in turn activate RNLs, a class of cation channel-forming immune receptors. (nsf.gov)

Bacterial secondary metabolites are structurally diverse molecules that drive microbial interaction by altering growth, cell differentiation, and signaling. (bvsalud.org)
dissect how the pectin backbone homogalacturonan promotes bacterial differentiation programs of Bacillus velezensis, potentially facilitating its establishment in the rhizosphere. (bvsalud.org)
Rapid and accurate Gram differentiation is paramount as the first step of pathogen identification and antibiotics administration. (alejandrocorreae.com)
The preliminary analysis of bacterial clinical samples is Gram stain differentiation and has been so for over a century1. (alejandrocorreae.com)

Cell surface recognition and cytosolic sensing of these molecules result in signaling cascades that promote rapid and localized autophagy machinery recruitment. (frontiersin.org)
Bacterial compartment is captured by autophagosome either via ubiquitination (A.2, 3) or host glycan recognition by galectins (A.3). (frontiersin.org)

Both the recombinant and natural protein molecules were purified and characterized. (bvsalud.org)
A synthetic, specially- designed oligonucleotide with the ability to recognize and bind a protein ligand molecule or molecules with high affinity and specificity. (genomicglossaries.com)
The basic format of the yeast-two hybrid system involves the creation of two hybrid molecules, one in which the " bait ' protein is fused with a transcription factor, and one in which the " prey " protein is fused with a related transcription factor . (genomicglossaries.com)
2019 ) Pseudomonas aeruginosa Quorum Sensing Molecule Alters Skeletal Muscle Protein Homeostasis by Perturbing the Antioxidant Defense System. (academictree.org)

2013 ) A small volatile bacterial molecule triggers mitochondrial dysfunction in murine skeletal muscle. (academictree.org)
Altogether, our results suggest that the crucial role played by the pyrD gene in AIEC virulence, and the presence of structural differences between E. coli and human DHOD allowing for the design of specific inhibitors, make E. coli DHOD a promising target for therapeutical strategies aiming at counteracting chronic inflammation in CD by acting selectively on its bacterial triggers. (rossimicrolab.com)

An increase in bacterial mutation rate can promote biofilm formation. (southampton.ac.uk)

Mac-1 induced production of aEV apparently necessitates a strong calcium signal as it fully depends on the presence of extracellular calcium. (stanford.edu)
Purinergic Signaling, Extracellular Nucleotides and Nucleotidases. (uc.edu)
Deepthi R, Amrutha MC, Hutterer E, Wessler S , Ponnuraj K. High Temperature Requirement A (HtrA) protease of Listeria monocytogenes and its interaction with extracellular matrix molecules. (plus.ac.at)

Furthermore, monitoring QS signaling gene expression revealed that AHL synthases LasI/RhlI and QS transcriptional regulators LasR/RhlR genes were inhibited and antagonized, respectively, by cerPAC. (nature.com)

We anticipate that this affordable and highly controllable system will promote bacterial chemical ecology research and help to elucidate microbial interactions driven by secondary metabolites. (bvsalud.org)
We are tackling the rapid identification of signal molecules that control the secondary metabolism in actinomycetes and apply it to natural compound production. (tohoku.ac.jp)

To stimulate the olfactory receptors, airborne molecules must pass through the nasal cavity with relatively turbulent air currents and contact the receptors. (medscape.com)

Cell Commun Signal , 2021, 19: 108. (plus.ac.at)

Raman spectroscopy is a branch of vibrational spectroscopy that uses the spectrum of inelastically scattered light for interpretation and highly sensitive structural identification of chemicals based on their unique vibrational fingerprints. (alejandrocorreae.com)

Normally, a sensor is placed under the material to be detected and the laser is split to amplify the Raman signal by the interaction of the sensor with the material. (unist.ac.kr)
As a result a specific signal is produced, indicating an interaction has taken place. (genomicglossaries.com)

Despite being required for the function of an autoactivated RNL, SADR1 is not required for defense signaling triggered by other tested TNLs. (nsf.gov)

While primitive forms of life have their own biomarkers - like oxygen and methane - these molecules are too complicated for nature to, as Loeb put it, 'do this on its own . (evolutionnews.org)

The total number of individual bacterial cells in the gut is projected to be on the order of 100 trillion, according to Xing Yang and colleagues at the Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, reporting in the June 2009 issue of PLoS One, a peer-reviewed online science journal. (spectrevision.net)
An IFITM3-dependent amplification loop enables antibody responses and oncogenic signaling in B cells. (ccf.org)
Deficiencies are highly variable with regard to symptoms, phenotype, genotype, severity, etc, because many cells and molecules are required for both natural and adaptive immunity . (lu.se)

This has attracted much attention as a technology that can be used for the detection of pesticides and nuclear waste, as well as for bacterial identification, genetic diagnosis and immunological labeling. (unist.ac.kr)

We achieved a proof-of-principle for the quantitative detection of pyocyanin (PYO), a QS signaling molecule of P. aeruginosa, with a lower limit of detection between 10^-7-10^-6 M. This is 1-2 orders of magnitude below concentrations of PYO commonly found in clinical samples (10^-5-10^-4 M PYO, HPLC after 24 h). (europa.eu)

2014 ) Identification of anti-virulence compounds that disrupt quorum-sensing regulated acute and persistent pathogenicity. (academictree.org)

We show that selective stimulation of Mac-1 integrin (complement receptor 3) by specific ligands initiates the generation of EVs which are able to impair bacterial growth and to induce the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 (aEV). (stanford.edu)
However, initiation of a strong calcium signal by an ionophore only results the generation of EV devoid of any antibacterial or pro-inflammatory effect. (stanford.edu)
In contrast, an intracellular calcium signal is necessary but by itself not sufficient for the production of antibacterial and pro-inflammatory EVs. (stanford.edu)

The molecules inside the material respond to light from the outside, and thus generate a new optical signal, Raman spectrum . (unist.ac.kr)
However, the strength of the Raman signal is weak, and thus must be amplified using a sensor before analyzing. (unist.ac.kr)
The major contribution to Raman signal amplification is associated with electromagnetic (EM) and chemical (CM) enhancements. (unist.ac.kr)
When the incident laser light in an experimental set-up strikes the metallic surface, the surface plasmons associated with the electronic resonances of the metal localize the electric field on to the adjacent molecules, thereby greatly increasing their efficiency for Raman scattering11. (alejandrocorreae.com)

A particular PID can be caused by defects in any one of several molecules that are required for certain responses, because a defect in any of the sequential steps can impair the system. (lu.se)

The dual function of these D-amino acids as toxic-compounds and stress signals suggests a role in shaping microbial communities and influencing niche selection. (umu.se)

Their efficient treatment requires insight into the local wound microbiome, namely the composition and temporal evolution of bacterial communities. (europa.eu)
Using the Illumina HiSeq platform, we analyzed the composition and diversity of the culture-enriched gut bacterial community. (springeropen.com)

However, false-positive reactions by skin pricks and serum IgE (sIgE) tests to the extract complicate diagnosis, requiring identification of clinically relevant major allergens. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy25

Organisms29

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs88

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment33

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes78

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science7

Health Care1

Pathways7

Bacteria10

Pathogens7

Pathway3

Microorganisms2

Infections6

Mass spectrometry2

Strains3

Species5

Proteins5

Viral1

Response to bacterial1

Infection5

Enzymes2

20201

Interspecies2

Cellular2

Quorum-sensin1

SERS5

Organisms3

Mechanisms3

Processes2

Role in bacterial2

Molecular4

Biofilms3

Extensively2

Fluorescence2

20161

Populations1

Small molecules1

Differentiation4

Recognition2

Protein4

Triggers2

Biofilm formation1

Extracellular3

Gene expression1

Secondary2

Receptors1

20211

Structural1

Interaction2

Defense1

Biomarkers1

Cells3

Immunological1

Detection1

Virulence1

Inflammatory3

Raman4

Responses1

Microbial1

Composition2

Allergens1