The Heidelberg test is a medical diagnostic test used in the diagnosis of hypochlorhydria, i.e. insufficient hydrochloric acid in the stomach, hyperchlorhydria, achlorhydria, and for suspected bile reflux. (wikipedia.org)
Hypochlorhydria is the underproduction of hydrochloric acid by the stomach. (rwhurstdc.com)
Betaine hydrochloride is recommended by some doctors as a supplemental source of hydrochloric acid for people who have a deficiency of stomach acid production, known as (hypochlorhydria) or low stomach acid. (theacidrefluxguy.com)
The Heidelberg Diagnostic test is used to diagnose Hypochlorhydria (reduced acid production), Hyperchlorhydria (excessive acid production), Achlorhydria (no acid production), Pyloric Insufficiency, Heavy Stomach Mucus (from infection or ulceration), Acute and Sub-acute Gastritis. (wikipedia.org)
Reduced production of stomach acid (hypochlorhydria) or even a total lack of acid production (achlorhydria) affects as many as one in five people in their 50s, rising to almost one in three of those aged 60 or more. (healthspan.co.uk)
Low stomach acid (hypochlorhydria) can often be difficult to diagnose because it can present symptoms similar to high stomach acid, like heartburn. (belmarrahealth.com)
Some people with hypochlorhydria report that food seems to sit in the stomach far too long after a meal. (rwhurstdc.com)
It follows a patient with irritable bowel syndrome and how they effectively used betaine HCl to re-acidify and address reflux medication induced hypochlorhydria or "low stomach acid. (theacidrefluxguy.com)
The prevalence of atrophic gastritis (inflammation, loss of cells that secrete acid) ranges from 20% to 50% in adult populations and increases with advancing age and often results in a shortage or complete cessation of stomach acid secretion (called hypochlorhydria and achlorhydria respectively). (garligest.com)
Hypochlorhydria or low stomach acid can lead to lowered pressure within the stomach and result in the lower esophageal sphincter not closing as it should. (lakesidenaturalmedicine.com)
Susceptibility to infection varies and is greater for people with blood type O. Because vibrios are sensitive to gastric acid, hypochlorhydria and achlorhydria are predisposing factors. (msdmanuals.com)
Hypokalemia1
It is associated with watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and hypochlorhydria or achlorhydria. (nih.gov)
Steatorrhea1
They are frequently associated with a classic clinical pentad of diabetes mellitus, cholelithiasis, weight loss, steatorrhea and diarrhea, and hypochlorhydria and achlorhydria. (medscape.com)
Bacteria1
The development of cancer has been attributed to alterations in DNA caused by chronic inflammation, recruitment and engraftment of bone marrow-derived cells, an imbalance between epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis, and, in a milieu of atrophy and achlorhydria, gastric colonization by enteric bacteria with nitrate reductase activity, which facilitates the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines. (clinicalgate.com)
Nutritional2
Some people have done all they can think of doing for their health: vitamins, exercise, etc., and still do not feel right due to the poor nutritional status of unrecognized hypochlorhydria. (rwhurstdc.com)
A voracious appetite may be related to hypochlorhydria simply because the person is not getting full nutritional value from what they eat. (rwhurstdc.com)
That is not to say that they have no symptoms, however, because the number of non-intestinal disorders which are associated with hypochlorhydria is truly astounding. (rwhurstdc.com)
People4
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Achlorhydria" by people in this website by year, and whether "Achlorhydria" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (uchicago.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Achlorhydria" by people in Profiles. (uchicago.edu)
A full fifty percent of people over age 60 are hypochlorhydric and, of all the patients coming to a doctor, up to fifty percent of these have underlying hypochlorhydria. (rwhurstdc.com)
Frequently, stool analyses of people with hypochlorhydria reveal the presence of undigested protein fibers. (rwhurstdc.com)
Time2
Reacidification time is vitally important in determining hypochlorhydria, hyperchlorhydria and achlorhydria. (wikipedia.org)
I am hungry all the time" should ring the hypochlorhydria bell. (rwhurstdc.com)
The VIPoma syndrome is also known as Verner-Morrison syndrome, watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and hypochlorhydria or achlorhydria (WDHA) syndrome, and pancreatic cholera syndrome. (healthmatters.io)
A 46 year old woman is described who had a 13 1 2 year history of watery diarrhea associated with hypokalemia and hypochlorhydria. (johnshopkins.edu)
Hypergastrinemia5
The finding of achlorhydria or profound hypochlorhydria in association with hypergastrinemia effectively rules out ZES. (medscape.com)
Shh acts as a signaling molecule in the stomach epithelial patterning, and loss of Shh results in defective parietal cells, leading to hypochlorhydria and subsequent hypergastrinemia. (medscape.com)
In this condition, a defective TRPML1 (Ca2+ -permeable TRP channel) causes reduced levels and mislocalization of the gastric proton pump and alters the secretory canaliculi, causing hypochlorhydria and hypergastrinemia. (medscape.com)
The consequences of hypo- and achlorhydria include an increased susceptibility to gastric bacterial overgrowth, (1) enteric infections, (2,3) hypergastrinemia that might lead to enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia and neoplasia, (4-7) and malabsorption of various nutrients (e.g., calcium, iron and zinc) and amino acids. (indexarticles.com)
In serious cases, such as for example in pernicious anemia, full destruction from the parietal cell mass qualified prospects to achlorhydria, elevated antral pH and hypergastrinemia (which may be extremely severegreater than 1000?pg/ml) [25]. (acancerjourney.info)
Secretion4
In the Kcne2 potassium channel ancillary subunit knockout model, disruption of this gene induces achlorhydria and is related to reduced parietal cell protein secretion and abnormal parietal cell morphology. (medscape.com)
Achlorhydria is simply a more severe form of hypochlorhydria where the parietal cells no longer function and acid secretion does not occur. (indexarticles.com)
The incidence of low (hypochlorhydria) or absent (achlorhydria) stomach acid secretion is quite common with advancing age and parallels that of aging. (resveratrolnews.com)
The reduction in acid secretion was similar in 18-day-old, 9-week-old, and 6-month-old mice, indicating that the hypochlorhydria phenotype did not progress over time, as was observed in mice lacking the NHE2 Na+/H+ exchanger. (nih.gov)
Gastric6
Achlorhydria is associated with intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa, which may lead to dysplasia, and is hence considered a premalignant condition. (medscape.com)
As opposed to human beings, rats have an increased thickness of gastrin ECL-cells and a larger gastric response to hypochlorhydria. (acancerjourney.info)
Hyperchlorhydria3
The Heidelberg Diagnostic test is used to diagnose Hypochlorhydria (reduced acid production), Hyperchlorhydria (excessive acid production), Achlorhydria (no acid production), Pyloric Insufficiency, Heavy Stomach Mucus (from infection or ulceration), Acute and Sub-acute Gastritis. (wikipedia.org)
Reacidification time is vitally important in determining hypochlorhydria, hyperchlorhydria and achlorhydria. (wikipedia.org)
The symptoms associated with acid reflux are identical in people that have Hyperchlorhydria (too much acid being produced), and people that have Hypochlorhydria, (not producing enough acid). (holistichealtheducators.com)
Serum2
It is important to remember that serum gastrin levels may also be raised in the achlorhydria or hypochlorhydria that results from autoimmune gastritis, chronic administration of proton pump inhibitors (such as omeprazole), or, as more recently reported, from infection with H pylori . (medscape.com)
Third, achlorhydria has been defined as a ratio of serum pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II of less than 2.9. (medscape.com)
Stool1
Five of the 16 patients gave positive cultures with at least one stool from both normal pH and cimetidine-induced hypochlorhydria. (nih.gov)
Acid3
If the acid level does not return to normal after the baking soda is swallowed, the patient has hypochlorhydria. (wikipedia.org)
First, achlorhydria has been defined by a peak acid output in response to a maximally effective stimulus that results in an intragastric pH greater than 5.09 in men and greater than 6.81 in women. (medscape.com)
Second, achlorhydria has been defined by a maximal acid output of less than 6.9 m/mole/h in men and less than 5.0 m/mole/h in women. (medscape.com)
Parietal3
In a gastrin knockout model, achlorhydria is present because of the inactivation of enterochromaffinlike (ECL) cells and parietal cells. (medscape.com)
A case report on the successful use of inositol hexaniacinate for the treatment of achlorhydria: its possible mechanism of action upon the central nervous system and parietal cell-adenosine Triphosphate-dependent [K.sup. (indexarticles.com)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term cancer incidence and mortality after parietal cell vagotomy (PCV), a surgical method with a low rate of side effects, but creating hypochlorhydria in the stomach mimicking long-term treatment with antisecretory drugs. (lu.se)
Proton pump inhib2
Among the origins of achlorhydria that are related to medical care, medications like proton pump inhibitors that block H+/K+ -ATPase activity can induce achlorhydria. (medscape.com)
This might be the result of surgery-induced hypochlorhydria, which warrants further investigation in patients on long- term proton-pump inhibitors. (lu.se)
Patients1
Contraindications/Precautions/Reproductive Safety - Itraconazole should not be used in patients hypersensitive to it or other azole antifungal agents, in patients with hepatic impairment, or achlorhydria (or hypochlorhydria) only when the potential benefits outweigh the risks. (elephantcare.org)
Medical1
Medical problems such as depression, hypochlorhydria and achlorhydria, bulimia or anorexia must be addressed and treatment underway before weight gain will occur. (diagnose-me.com)
Treatment1
We report on a case where the therapeutic use of inositol hexaniacinate (IHN) was effective for the treatment of Achlorhydria. (indexarticles.com)