Hypertension brain infarction. Medical search. Frequent questions

The prognosis is comparable to that of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and is worsened by higher levels of brain natriuretic peptide, older age, a history of myocardial infarction, and reduced diastolic function. (nih.gov)
A variety of methods for risk stratification after acute myocardial infarction have been successfully employed, however, little attention has been focused on patients who have received reperfusion therapy. (karger.com)
The present report examines the utility of dipyridamole thallium scintigraphy in the prediction of late cardiac death or recurrent myocardial infarction in patients who have received thrombolytic therapy. (karger.com)
Prospectively, 71 patients who presented with myocardial infarction and were treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (and frequently percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) were enrolled in the study. (karger.com)
Although cardiac events were significantly related to either the performance of late myocardial revascularization or the presence of a residual coronary artery stenosis at discharge, no scintigraphic variable was found to be predictive of myocardial infarction or death. (karger.com)
Thus, this report is the first to suggest limitation of scintigraphic techniques with regard to prognostic value in myocardial infarction survivors treated with reperfusion techniques. (karger.com)
Heart increasing its thickness and size and / or promoting atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries (myocardial infarction and angina pectoris). (institutocmi.com)
Do you understand myocardial infarction and all the emergencies related to it? (proprofs.com)
To check your understanding, try this myocardial infarction MCQs with answers. (proprofs.com)
Otherwise and commonly known as a heart attack, Myocardial Infarction, abbreviated as MI, is when the blood decreases in the heart and stops. (proprofs.com)
Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is considered for treatment of a patient who arrives in the emergency department following onset of symptoms of myocardial infarction. (proprofs.com)
History of prior myocardial infarction. (proprofs.com)
Following myocardial infarction, a hospitalized patient is encouraged to practice frequent leg exercises and ambulate in the hallway as directed by his physician. (proprofs.com)
A patient arrives in the emergency department with symptoms of myocardial infarction, progressing to cardiogenic shock. (proprofs.com)
Cardiogenic shock is a serious complication of myocardial infarction with a high mortality rate. (proprofs.com)
Which of the following is the most common symptom of myocardial infarction? (proprofs.com)
Reduced myocardial contractility, commonly found in Heart failure (HF), leads to a decreased forward flow with concurrent decline in brain perfusion. (encyclopedia.pub)
The primary intent-to-treat analysis will compare outcomes for a composite endpoint of death, acute myocardial infarction, stroke or incident peripheral arterial occlusive disease between groups. (biomedcentral.com)
Atherosclerosis causes hypertension due to stenosis or narrowing of arteries, arterial occlusion, kidney damage, brain stroke, reduced limb activity, angina and myocardial infarction. (gkscientist.com)
Background The purpose of this study was to use the findings of a fibrinolysis and subsequent transluminal trial (FAST-3) to evaluate the association between the target time for obtaining a thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI)-3 flow after arrival at the emergency room with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the degree of myocardial salvage. (go.jp)
metabolic acidosis, arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia or infarction, and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, although any organ system might be involved. (cdc.gov)
Of the circulatory diseases, the highest ASMRs for goods, difficulties of access to health services, and spiral- men were due to acute myocardial infarction and cere- ing poverty, which negatively affect living conditions and brovascular disease. (cdc.gov)
Elevated levels of the transaminases can indicate myocardial infarction, hepatic disease, muscular dystrophy, or organ damage. (cdc.gov)

Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed acute ischemic stroke in multiple vascular areas ( Figure ). (cdc.gov)
CVA are characterized clinically by a peracute or acute onset of focal, asymmetrical and non-progressive brain dysfunction. (vin.com)
Acute-onset, severe hypertension that is accurately measured using standard techniques and is persistent for 15 minutes or longer is considered a hypertensive emergency. (medscape.com)
Intravenous (IV) labetalol and hydralazine have long been considered first-line medications for the management of acute-onset, severe hypertension in pregnant women and women in the postpartum period. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis of ischemic stroke and stroke subtypes were defined using the Trial of ORG 10,172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria as well as clinical and brain imaging features. (scirp.org)
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular event caused by decreased blood flow to the brain. (researchsquare.com)
Multicenter cohort study of patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent a brain computed tomography perfusion and were scheduled to undergo reperfusion therapy. (medscape.com)
Migraine is likely to increase individual vulnerability to ischemic stroke during the process of acute brain ischemia and might represent, therefore, a potential new therapeutic target against occurrence and progression of the ischemic damage. (medscape.com)
Based on these premises, taking advantage of the reliability of computed tomography perfusion (CTP) imaging in the estimation of cerebral tissue viability in both clinical and research settings, [ 4 ] we conducted a case-control study comparing CTP maps of migraineurs and nonmigraineurs patients with acute ischemic stroke aimed at investigating whether a personal history of migraine is associated with vulnerability to brain ischemia. (medscape.com)

Hypertension is an important risk factor for brain infarction and hemorrhage. (wikipedia.org)
excessive citations] Approximately 85% of strokes are due to infarction and the remainder are due to hemorrhage, either intracerebral hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage. (wikipedia.org)
[ 1 ] Other influences are the site of hemorrhage, the local partial pressure of oxygen in tissues, the local pH, the patient's hematocrit, the local glucose concentration, the hemoglobin concentration, the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, and the patient's temperature. (medscape.com)
The source of primary intraparenchymal hemorrhage is incompletely understood but human patients often have systemic hypertension with concurrent fibrinoid degeneration of arteries in the brain. (vin.com)
Dogs with brain infarction can have associated hemorrhage, as can dogs with intracranial tumors, vasculitis or coagulopathies. (vin.com)
stroke canhappen in the form of cerebral infarction or brain hemorrhage. (institutocmi.com)
Although brain computed tomography (CT) demonstrated, no signs of hemorrhage or infarction were detected. (researchsquare.com)
Prompt diagnosis and treatment are vitally important because RCVS may progress to encephalopathy, cerebral infarction and hemorrhage. (researchsquare.com)
At least half of all patients who have this kind of hemorrhage have a history of hypertension. (umassmed.edu)
Her main interests are in brain hemorrhage, unusual and rare causes of stroke, cerebral venous thrombosis, anticoagulation management after strokes and use of technology for improving outcomes in the neurological ICU. (stanford.edu)
Her research focuses on the study of intracerebral hemorrhage using brain imaging with CT and MRI. (stanford.edu)
She is the Stanford prinicipal investigator for several clinical trials in intracerebral hemorrhage and large hemispheric infarction. (stanford.edu)

Cerebrovascular lesions were defined as brain infarction or haemorrhage on MRI regardless of the presence of absence of neurological symptoms. (bmj.com)
Release of cerebrovascular constrictions was observed on subsequent brain magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) three months after discharge (Fig. 2 B, white arrow-heads). (researchsquare.com)
Arteriosclerosis, or "hardening of the arteries" that deliver oxygen-containing blood to the brain, is referred to as "arteriosclerotic cerebrovascular disease. (gadgetgupshup.com)
A 64-year-old retired female patient with several cerebrovascular risk factors, including a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, mild cognitive decline, and an ischemic stroke that had occurred more than 3 years ago with grade 4 hemiparesis on the right side and hearing loss as sequelae, was admitted to our psychiatric ward because of a psychotic episode with a two-stage progression. (e-agmr.org)
2002). Additionally, hypertension and cerebrovascular disease may be associated with greater degree of hippocampal (e.g., den Heijer et al. (alzrisk.org)

The most commonly used clinical systems divide ischemic stroke into three major stroke subtypes: large artery or atherosclerotic infarctions, cardioembolic infarctions and small vessel or lacunar infarctions. (vin.com)
Ischemic Stroke An ischemic stroke is death of an area of brain tissue (cerebral infarction) resulting from an inadequate supply of blood and oxygen to the brain due to blockage of an artery. (merckmanuals.com)
A stroke is the sudden death of brain cells due to lack of oxygen. (adam.com)
The consequences of a stroke, the type of functions affected, and the severity depend on where in the brain it has occurred and the extent of the damage. (adam.com)
Strokes are caused by either blood flow blockage to the brain (ischemic stroke) or the sudden rupture of an artery in the brain (hemorrhagic stroke). (adam.com)
Vertebrobasilar stroke is particularly prone to devastating consequences especially brain stem infarctions due to damage of the regional brain tissues that contain vital centers, and is associated with high rates of death and disability. (scirp.org)
Conclusions: Different vascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and smoking are present in all infarction patterns of posterior circulation ischemic stroke either single or multiple infarctions. (scirp.org)
Posterior circulation ischemic stroke is a clinical syndrome that is classically defined by infarction occurring within the vascular territory supplied by the vertebrobasilar arterial system. (scirp.org)
for cerebral infarction: the Oxfordshire community stroke project. (edu.pk)
A cerebral infarction (also known as a stroke) occurs when there is a lack of oxygen to the brain's tissues. (gadgetgupshup.com)
The basal ganglia refer to the part of the brain where the stroke happened. (gadgetgupshup.com)
The magnitude of the stroke, the area of the brain-damaged, the underlying cause, and the prognosis are all predicted by these four components of ICD 10 cerebral infarction. (gadgetgupshup.com)
Because prestroke blood glucose level, in contrast to post-stroke blood glucose level, did not have any predictive value concerning stroke outcome it is concluded that high fasting blood glucose values after stroke reflect a stress response to a more severe ischemic brain lesion. (docksci.com)
Thus, a crucial question concerning the association of post-stroke hyperglycemia and unfavourable prognosis is whether the high glucose values are the primary cause of more severe strokes or are they only a reflection, a stress response, of more severe strokes and brain lesions? (docksci.com)
[ 1 ] A recent hypothesis to explain the migraine-stroke association, based on experimental data obtained in mice expressing familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 mutations, is that the cerebral hyperexcitability phenotype associated with migraine might sensitize brain tissue to ischemia. (medscape.com)

Diastolic dysfunction is an early consequence of hypertension-related heart disease and is exacerbated by left ventricular hypertrophy and ischemia. (wikipedia.org)
Hypertension-related cognitive impairment and dementia may be a consequence of a single infarct due to occlusion of a "strategic" larger vessel or multiple lacunar infarcts due to occlusive small vessel disease resulting in subcortical white matter ischemia. (wikipedia.org)
1995). For example, hypertension may lead to cerebral ischemia, which may potentiate aggregation or deposition of amyloid-beta peptides (Aß) through mechanisms such as increased Aß production (Banati et al. (alzrisk.org)
Hyperglycemia, especially predating cerebral ischemia may increase the size of an ischemic lesion of the brain and worsen the prognosis (Pulsinelli et al. (docksci.com)
Cerebral hyperexcitability in migraine experiencers might sensitize brain tissue to ischemia. (medscape.com)
We investigated whether a personal history of migraine is associated with vulnerability to brain ischemia in humans. (medscape.com)

Because hypertension becomes so common with age, the age-related increase in BP may seem innocuous, but higher BP increases morbidity and mortality risk. (msdmanuals.com)

On March 25, 2020, an 84-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, and atrial fibrillation (treated with apixaban [2.5 mg orally 2×/d]) sought care for respiratory symptoms, including dyspnea and cough. (cdc.gov)

Denervation or renal ablation is a new technique for the treatment of "resistant arterial hypertension" . (institutocmi.com)

One such condition is a cerebral infarction and the left middle cerebral artery infarction. (gadgetgupshup.com)
Distal Stem Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) Infarction involve the distribution of both, superior as well as inferior division of the middle cerebral artery with sparing of basal ganglia, results when an embolus blocks the MCA distal main stem after the take-off of the lenticulostriate vessels which supply basal ganglia. (neuroradiologycases.com)

Patients were classified according to infarction patterns into a single small lacunar lesion (group I), a single large lesion (group II), and multiple scattered lesions (group III) 20 patients in each group. (scirp.org)
Neuroimaging revealed basal ganglia lacunar infarctions along with chronic white matter small-vessel ischemic disease. (e-agmr.org)

Neuroimaging revealed chronic microangiopathic cerebral disease with lesions in the periventricular and deep subcortical white matter regions along with deep cerebral infarct lesions in the left centrum semiovale and basal ganglia, encompassing the bilateral thalamic and striatocapsular infarctions ( Fig. 1 , 2 ). (e-agmr.org)
MRI axial FLAIR images of Brain show an infarct involving left frontal lobe anterior to sylvian fissure. (neuroradiologycases.com)
MRI axial Flair image of brain shows an infarct involving the left temporal lobe below the Sylvian fissure. (neuroradiologycases.com)
CT study of brain shows an infarct involving the left temporal lobe below the Sylvian fissure. (neuroradiologycases.com)
CT study of Brain shows an infarct involving involving right peri sylvian cerebral cortex and adjacent insular cortex. (neuroradiologycases.com)
The brain infarct volume was measured from the CTs. (docksci.com)

Thirty-four patients (68%) in the elderly group had comorbid conditions including such as hypertension, chronic heart failure, chronic renal failure, post brain infarction, diabetes mellitus, and obstructive pulmonary disease comparison to 65 patients (41%) in the younger group. (sages.org)

Doctors do a neurologic examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) of the brain. (merckmanuals.com)
The following is a computed tomography (CT) image of the brain in a woman who suffered an eclamptic seizure. (medscape.com)
Nonenhanced computed tomography scan of a woman's brain following an eclamptic seizure, showing hypodense areas involving white matter of the occipital lobes and the high frontal/parietal lobes. (medscape.com)
She was diagnosed with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) since typical imaging was seen through brain contrast computed tomography. (researchsquare.com)
The brain computed tomography was without data for brain infarction. (journalmc.org)

Hypertension in Pregnancy Recommendations regarding classification, diagnosis, and management of hypertensive disorders (including preeclampsia) are available from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (msdmanuals.com)
The Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada (SOGC) released revised guidelines that simplified the classification of hypertension in pregnancy into four categories, pre-existing hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, or "other hypertensive effects" on the basis of different diagnostic considerations. (medscape.com)

Usually, no symptoms develop unless hypertension is severe or long-standing. (msdmanuals.com)
Hypertension (HTA) does not always cause symptoms that can alert the patient, like headache or dizziness. (institutocmi.com)
What are the symptoms of hypertension? (institutocmi.com)
Sometimes, symptoms are not present and hypertension is found on a regular examination. (institutocmi.com)
Today we will be discussing cerebral infarction, its causes, symptoms diagnosis, and further treatment. (gadgetgupshup.com)
The portions of the brain-damaged dictate the symptoms of cerebral infarction. (gadgetgupshup.com)
Whether a cerebral infarction is caused by thrombosis or embolism, the pathophysiology of the disease, or the observed symptoms and underlying mechanisms. (gadgetgupshup.com)

Level 1 evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) now supports a recommendation to treat hypertension to prevent both cognitive impairment and dementia. (bcmj.org)

Hypertension is sustained elevation of resting systolic blood pressure ( ≥ 130 mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure ( ≥ 80 mm Hg), or both. (msdmanuals.com)
Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 130 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mm Hg or taking medication for hypertension. (msdmanuals.com)
General references Hypertension is sustained elevation of resting systolic blood pressure (≥ 130 mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (≥ 80 mm Hg), or both. (msdmanuals.com)
[1] In relation to these findings, it has been shown that treating systolic hypertension in asymptomatic individuals in middle to later life is associated with a significant reduction in dementia risk. (bcmj.org)

This can be diagnosed by using cerebral infarction ICD 10. (gadgetgupshup.com)

arterial infarction can be due to either obstruction from thrombosis or embolism or to occlusion from blood vessel abnormalities such as vasculitis. (vin.com)

As with patient 1, this patient had no non-central nervous system thrombotic events (e.g., pulmonary embolisms, abdominal visceral infarction). (cdc.gov)

Did early studies of human traumatic brain injury overlook concomitant oligodendrocyte pathology in injured white matter tracts? (lu.se)

Emerging Role of Combined Brain/Heart Magnetic Resonance Imaging" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/25713 (accessed December 05, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)

Sleep apnea, chronic kidney disease, obesity, or renal artery stenosis are other causes of secondary hypertension. (msdmanuals.com)

Hypertension is a risk factor for all clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis since it is a risk factor for atherosclerosis itself. (wikipedia.org)
Hypertension can cause damage to the arterial wall and promote the development of atherosclerosis . (institutocmi.com)
The most common risk factors for cerebral infarction are similar to those for atherosclerosis. (gadgetgupshup.com)

This is the brain of a patient who was seen in the emergency department after the abrupt onset of one-sided paralysis and sensory loss. (umassmed.edu)
Late life onset of psychosis causes challenges in its diagnosis owing to the array of neurobiological processes that occur in the aging brain and medical and neurological illnesses that may emerge with advanced age. (e-agmr.org)
HealthDay News) - Midlife onset of diabetes and hypertension each may contribute to cognitive impairment later in life, according to research published online March 19 in Neurology . (empr.com)
Participants with late-life onset of diabetes and hypertension appeared to have few effects. (empr.com)
Midlife onset of diabetes may affect late-life cognition through loss of brain volume. (empr.com)
Late-life onset of these conditions had fewer effects on brain pathology and cognition. (empr.com)

Hypertension with an identified cause (secondary hypertension) is usually due to primary aldosteronism. (msdmanuals.com)
Then it Is called secondary hypertension. (institutocmi.com)
Renal denervation is indicated in patients between 18 and 85 years of age, who suffer from resistant hypertension and in whom secondary hypertension and severe chronic renal disease have been ruled out. (institutocmi.com)

Complications of hypertension are clinical outcomes that result from persistent elevation of blood pressure. (wikipedia.org)
If you are especially hypertension, affects about half recent MI is assigned prevent further complications. (masur.com.ar)

There is a suggestion of an age-dependent relationship, i.e., hypertension may be harmful in midlife and protective in late-life. (alzrisk.org)
There is a suggestion that hypertension in midlife may be associated with increased risk of AD, while hypertension in late life may be associated with reduced risk of AD (or alternately, hypotension in late life is associated with increased risk of AD). (alzrisk.org)
Midlife hypertension was linked with infarctions and white matter hyperintensity volume and was marginally linked with decreased performance in executive function. (empr.com)
Midlife hypertension may affect executive function through ischemic pathology," the authors write. (empr.com)

Departing from the traditional monolithic view of dementia has allowed us to recognize that in the aging brain there is a critical interaction between degenerative, vascular, and other mechanisms of brain injury that culminate in the clinical expression of dementia. (bcmj.org)

Other diseases associated with infarction in dogs include sepsis, coagulopathy, neoplasia and heartworm infections. (vin.com)
To see complete information on Hypertension, please go to the Medscape Drugs & Diseases article by clicking here . (medscape.com)
4 The major categories of NCDs are cardiovascular diseases (ischemic heart and brain disease), cancers, chronic respiratory diseases [eg, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchial asthma] and Type 2 diabetes. (dovepress.com)

No neurologic recovery occurred, and the patient did not undergo subsequent brain imaging. (cdc.gov)
1988a) did not find a correlation between admission serum glucose concentration and neurologic outcome in patients with cerebral infarction. (docksci.com)

The importance of treating vascular risk factors in middle to later life, particularly hypertension, has been established. (bcmj.org)

The Circle of Willis is the joining area of several arteries at the bottom (inferior) side of the brain. (adam.com)
At the Circle of Willis, the internal carotid arteries branch into smaller arteries that supply oxygenated blood to over 80% of the brain. (adam.com)
Therefore, brain CT angiography was performed, which revealed the typical "strings and beads" appearance due to segmental vasoconstriction of bilateral posterior cerebral arteries (Fig. 2 A, white arrow-heads). (researchsquare.com)

We hypothesized that microvascular brain lesions disrupt the frontal-subcortical circuitry and uncover other core neuropathological processes. (e-agmr.org)

Renal denervation for resistant hypertension. (institutocmi.com)

The reference values of brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal (NT) proBNP are different to exclude or confirm a diagnosis of heart failure. (medscape.com)

Herniation occurs when the brain is forced downward through a small natural opening in the sheets of tissue that separate the brain into compartments. (merckmanuals.com)
Along with the observation that migraine mutants had an elevated minimum cerebral blood flow threshold required for tissue survival and developed larger infarcts, these findings directly support the hypothesis that brain tissue in migraineurs is more susceptible to ischemic injury. (medscape.com)

Brain computed tomographic scan revealed many recent ischemic infarctions in different vascular areas, and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain confirmed this finding ( Figure ). (cdc.gov)
There was significant difference between the three groups as regard volume of infarction in Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (scirp.org)
A combined magnetic resonance imaging of brain/heart can reveal early pathophysiologic changes. (encyclopedia.pub)

This results in diminished brain function and confusion, as well as hypotension, tachycardia, and weak pulse. (proprofs.com)

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) reduction is further compounded by the negative action of other co-morbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, sleep apnea and depression [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

24. Development of Brain Infarction after Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass Surgery in a Patient with Moyamoya Disease. (yumc.ac.kr)

Treatment of hypertension convincingly decreases the incidence of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. (wikipedia.org)
Objective Brain radiotherapy is the main treatment for patients with brain metastases but its goal is just symptom control. (her2support.org)

However, the reasons of brain hypoperfusion in HF include not only the low cardiac output, due to HF, but also the compromised cerebral autoregulation [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

Aggressive control of hypertension can regress or reverse left ventricular hypertrophy and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. (wikipedia.org)
[3] Emerging data on risk factors and protective factors for AD also suggest that there are other possible intervention strategies beyond controlling hypertension that might be implemented in the primary care setting. (bcmj.org)
While longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis, these data are consistent with previous findings suggesting that high levels of cognitive complaints may reflect changes in brain connectivity and may be a potential marker for the risk of late-life cognitive dysfunction in postmenopausal women with otherwise normal cognitive performance. (frontiersin.org)
Early diagnosis and control of potentially modifiable risk factors and comorbid conditions are an important aspect in the early management of patients with infarction in the posterior circulation. (scirp.org)
Furthermore, alterations in cardiac hemodynamics, irrespective of cardiovascular risk factors and co-morbidities, are linked to reduced brain function. (encyclopedia.pub)
The Framingham study revealed that the risk of ischemic brain infarction in diabetics, after adjustment for several other risk factors, is twice that of non-diabetics (Kannel and McGee 1979). (docksci.com)

Anatomy18

Organisms10

Diseases79

Chemicals and Drugs44

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment69

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes36

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science6

Named Groups1

Health Care40

Geographicals2

Myocardial23

Acute9

Hemorrhage12

Cerebrovascular5

Stroke15

Ischemia6

Morbidity and morta1

Peripheral arteria1

Arterial hypertension1

Middle cerebr2

Lacunar2

Infarct6

Diabetes mellitus1

Computed tomography5

Hypertensive2

Symptoms7

Cognitive impairment and dementia1

Systolic4

Diagnosed by using ce1

Thrombosis1

Thrombotic1

Traumatic brain1

20231

Artery1

Atherosclerosis3

Onset6

Secondary hypertension3

Complications2

Midlife4

Dementia1

Diseases3

Neurologic2

Vascular risk factors1

Arteries3

Lesions1

Renal1

Natriuretic peptide1

Tissue2

Magnetic3

Hypotension1

Apnea1

Bypass Surgery1

Treatment2

Cardiac output1

Risk6