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SterolsHydroxyl RadicalSterol 14-DemethylaseHydroxidesPhytosterolsMolecular StructureSterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1ErgosterolStructure-Activity RelationshipHydroxylationSterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2CholesterolStigmasterolModels, MolecularStereoisomerismMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyCholestadienolsKineticsSubstrate SpecificityLanosterolHydrogen BondingDesmosterolMolecular Sequence DataBinding SitesFree RadicalsChromatography, Thin LayerEstersCholestenesCatalysisMolecular ConformationFree Radical ScavengersGlycosidesSterol Regulatory Element Binding ProteinsCrystallography, X-RayDehydrocholesterolsChromatography, GasBile Acids and SaltsSqualeneChromatography, High Pressure LiquidOxidation-ReductionMass SpectrometryHydroxybenzoatesAmino Acid SequenceModels, ChemicalChemistryGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryChemical PhenomenaProtein ConformationHydrogen PeroxideCholestanesCholestanetriol 26-MonooxygenaseMutagenesis, Site-DirectedPyrogallolFlavonolsAlcoholsLipid AProtein BindingOxidoreductasesHydroxycholesterolsCarbohydrate ConformationHydroxymethylglutaryl CoA ReductasesHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationLuteolinQuercetinSpectrophotometry, UltravioletPhenolsHydroxysteroidsElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyMutationLiverBase SequenceCholestanolsSterol O-AcyltransferaseCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemEscherichia coliFatty AcidsDeoxyriboseFlavonoidsMevalonic AcidCatecholsTyrosineRecombinant ProteinsMannosidesGlycolsKaempferolsRiboseMethylglycosidesHydrolysisSteroid HydroxylasesCarbohydrate SequenceCCAAT-Enhancer-Binding ProteinsDelftia acidovoransThreonineIsomerismGalactoseOxygenCatalytic DomainEsterificationAcylationSteroid Isomerases
BiosynthesisCholesterolStigmasterolErgosterolLipidEstersSteroidsMethylMetabolismCompoundsGlycosidesLipidsCarboxylPhytosterolsSteroid nucleusMonomerAttached to an aromaticPolarMoleculeAlcoholsAnionDerivativesAcidMoleculesStructuralFunctionalPhysiologicalSensitivityPhospholipidsCommonlyPlantOilsSingleMainDoubleProteinGenusPositionComponents
Biosynthesis2
  • This metabolic step is the first in sterol biosynthesis leading to the formation of lanosterol or cycloartenol. (gerli.com)
  • The mechanism of action is to affect the sterol biosynthesis so that the bacterium cell membrane function is disrupted. (sunchemgroup.com)
Cholesterol18
  • The most familiar type of animal sterol is cholesterol, which is vital to cell membrane structure, and functions as a precursor to fat-soluble vitamins and steroid hormones. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ergosterol is a sterol present in the cell membrane of fungi, where it serves a role similar to cholesterol in animal cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phytosterols, more commonly known as plant sterols, have been shown in clinical trials to block cholesterol absorption sites in the human intestine, thus helping to reduce cholesterol absorption in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • At present, the American Heart Association has recommended that supplemental plant sterols be taken only by those diagnosed with elevated cholesterol, and has particularly recommended that they not be taken by pregnant women or nursing mothers. (wikipedia.org)
  • We also provide evidence that virion-associated cholesterol contributes to the interaction between HCV particles and apolipoprotein E. The molecular basis for the effects of different sterols on HCV infectivity is discussed. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Phytosterols,, which are structurally and physiologically similar to cholesterol, are a large group of steroidal triterpenes. (sterling.it)
  • Cholesterol is a sterol, a type of lipid molecule composed of a complex structure of four fused hydrocarbon rings. (biochemden.com)
  • The hydrophilic hydroxyl group enables cholesterol to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. (biochemden.com)
  • 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochlorideMedChemExpress 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride Fluorescent polyethyleneglycol (PEG) cholesteryl esters represent another group of cholesterol probes, that differ from native cholesterol by their higher waterProg Lipid Res. (ack1inhibitor.com)
  • Structurally, DHE is similar to cholesterol, bearing three additional double bonds and an extra methyl group. (ack1inhibitor.com)
  • Daarnaast verlaagde het supplement de concentratie LDL-cholesterol en triglyceriden, maar verhoogde het de concentratie HDL-cholesterol. (iocob.nl)
  • Cholesterol is a hydrophobic compound, with a single hydroxyl group located at carbon 3 of the A ring, to which a fatty acid can be attached, producing an even more hydrophobic cholesteryl ester. (pharmacy180.com)
  • Sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) is cleaved by low cholesterol levels from SREBP-cleaving activating protein (SCAP) complex, hence the target genes for HMG-CoA Reductase are activated. (midasspecialistrecruitment.co.uk)
  • Lipids also encompass molecules such as fatty acids and their derivatives (including tri- , di- , and monoglycerides and phospholipids ), as well as other sterol -containing metabolites such as cholesterol . (wikidoc.org)
  • LDL-cholesterol more than 152 mg/dl (15% f or sterol-enriched yogurt and 12% for tomato sauce at high adherence). (researchgate.net)
  • cialised sterol-enriched yogurt in term of absolute LDL-cholesterol change. (researchgate.net)
  • Cholesterol is the most common sterol produced by all animals. (vedantu.com)
  • The hydroxyl groups of cholesterol molecules, as well as the polar heads of membrane phospholipids and sphingolipids, interact with water molecules surrounding the membrane, while the bulky steroid and hydrocarbon chains, as well as the nonpolar fatty-acid chains of the other lipids, are embedded in the membrane. (vedantu.com)
Stigmasterol2
  • C. elegans removes methyl or ethyl substituents at C-24 of the plant sterols sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, stigmastanol, and 24-methylenecholesterol to produce various sterols with structures partially dependent upon that of the dietary sterol. (pdffox.com)
  • Soybean phytosterols usually include four sterols: β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, and brassicasterol, all of which make good raw materials for the production of steroid hormones because of their typical Aring molecular structure with 3β-hydroxyl group and a 5,6-double bond. (sterling.it)
Ergosterol1
Lipid6
  • Although lipids are a distinct class of biomolecules, we shall see that they often occur combined, either covalently or through weak bonds, with members of other classes of bio-molecules to yield hybrid molecules such as glycolipids , which contain both carbohydrate and lipid groups, "and lipoproteins , which contain both lipids and proteins. (medmuv.com)
  • Annotation at the lipid species level is based on natural sterols possessing 18, 19, 21, 24, or 27 carbons and at least one hydroxyl group at position 3. (lipidomicnet.org)
  • The NPC1 protein is involved in the intracellular lipid metabolism coordinating sterol trafficking. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of this study was to compare the lipid-lowering effect of a novel functional tomato sauce with a well-known functional food with a lipid-lowering effect, i.e. a sterol-enriched yogurt. (researchgate.net)
  • with a well-known functional food with a lipid-lowering effect, i.e. a sterol-enriched yogurt. (researchgate.net)
  • As a sterol, it is an organic compound and a form of lipid. (vedantu.com)
Esters2
  • It mainly exists in animals and plants in the form of free sterols, sterol glycosides, sterol fatty acids, fatty acyl sterol glycosides, and sterol hydroxyaromatic acid esters. (bioglyco.com)
  • In the case of unproven structures and other sterol esters (SE) the shorthand notation is used as above followed by slash number of carbons:number of double bonds of the fatty acid esterified to the hydroxyl group. (lipidomicnet.org)
Steroids5
Methyl5
  • Methyl groups are found within amino acids. (chemicalindustrynews.com)
  • The only difference is the difference in the number of methyl groups attached to position C-4 and the difference in the side chain at position C-11. (bioglyco.com)
  • Masking the hydroxyl group as a methyl ether could regain selectivity for Hh signaling with minor losses in anti-Hh activity. (uconn.edu)
  • A n u m b e r of 4-desmethylsterols with a t r a n s - A / B ring configuration can satisfy the steroid nutritional requirement in C. elegans, but sterols with a cis-A/B ring configuration or t r a n s - A / B sterols with a 4-methyl group cannot. (pdffox.com)
  • the presence and location of double bonds and methyl, ethyl, keto, or hydroxyl substituents. (pdffox.com)
Metabolism2
  • Diversity of plant sterols metabolism: the impact on human health, sport, and accumulation of contaminating sterols. (bioglyco.com)
  • Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and defective metabolism of glucose and lipids. (ijpsr.com)
Compounds5
  • Sterols and related compounds play essential roles in the physiology of eukaryotic organisms, and is essential for human physiology. (wikipedia.org)
  • Organic compounds typically consist of groups of carbon atoms covalently bonded to hydrogen, usually oxygen, and often other elements as well. (chemicalindustrynews.com)
  • Triazole fungicide's chemical structure on the common feature is the main chain contains a hydroxyl (ketone group), substituted phenyl, and 1, 2, 4 - triazole group compounds. (sunchemgroup.com)
  • Lipids are a diverse group of compounds that have many key biological functions, such as acting as structural components of cell membranes, serving as energy storage sources and participating in signaling pathways. (wikidoc.org)
  • Lipids include a diverse group of compounds that are largely nonpolar in nature. (libretexts.org)
Glycosides4
Lipids3
Carboxyl3
  • Carboxyl groups are found within fatty acids, amino acids, and many other acids. (chemicalindustrynews.com)
  • They are long hydrocarbon chain organic acids with a terminal carboxyl group (COOH). (biologyexams4u.com)
  • The FTIR results indicated that the leaf broths containing the carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amine groups are mainly involved in fabrication of silver AgNPs and proteins, which have amine groups responsible for stabilizing AgNPs in the solution. (hindawi.com)
Phytosterols2
Steroid nucleus2
  • Sterol is an alcohol compound with cyclopentane perhydrophenanthrene (steroid nucleus) as the skeleton. (bioglyco.com)
  • In the intestine, bacteria can remove the glycine and taurine and can remove a hydroxyl group from the steroid nucleus, producing the secondary bile salts, deoxycholic and lithocholic acids. (pharmacy180.com)
Monomer2
  • Each monomer contributes: One gives up a hydrogen atom and the other gives up a hydroxyl group. (chemicalindustrynews.com)
  • The bonds between their monomers are broken, via the donation of a molecule of water, which contributes a hydrogen atom to one monomer and a hydroxyl group to the other. (chemicalindustrynews.com)
Attached to an aromatic2
  • The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring. (mcw.edu)
  • a hydroxyl group (-oh) is attached to an aromatic hydrocarbon group to form phenols. (baceae.com)
Polar3
Molecule1
  • Sterol is an organic compound with formula C 17H 28O, whose molecule is derived from that of gonane by replacement of a hydrogen atom in position 3 by a hydroxyl group. (wikipedia.org)
Alcohols1
Anion1
  • Currently, Sarah is a PhD candidate in the Busschaert group at Tulane University, working on various medical and non-medical applications of synthetic transmembrane anion transporters. (rsc.org)
Derivatives2
  • The C-3 hydroxyl is one of the important active groups, through which sterols form various derivatives. (bioglyco.com)
  • To obtain fluorescent Gb 3 derivatives, either fatty acid labelled Gb 3 molecules or head group labelled ones were synthesized. (springer.com)
Acid3
  • CE is followed by number of carbons:number of double bonds of the fatty acid esterified to the hydroxyl group at position 3. (lipidomicnet.org)
  • In the case of bile acids the shorthand notation is prefaced by A to indicate an acid and at the structure level the location of the acid group (CO2H) is indicated. (lipidomicnet.org)
  • Precursor-ion scans reveal the presence of conjugating groups, i.e. taurine (T) or glycine (G), conjugated to the carboxylic acid group of bile acids through an amide bond, sulfuric acid (S) conjugated to a hydroxyl group through an ester bond, glucuronic acid (GlcA), N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), and hexose (Hex) sugars assumed to be linked to a hydroxyl group through an acetal linkage. (lipidomicnet.org)
Molecules1
  • Fatty acyls (including fatty acids ) are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups. (wikidoc.org)
Structural2
  • In this study, the structural requirement of sterols for infectivity, buoyant density and apolipoprotein association of HCV was investigated further. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • We were able to describe functional/structural sub-domain architecture related to key residues for starch cleavage, calcium, and chloride binding sites in the α -amylase, and sterol opening-defining modules and disease-related residues in the NPC1. (biomedcentral.com)
Functional9
  • Moreover, the atoms to which carbon atoms bond may also be part of a functional group. (chemicalindustrynews.com)
  • A functional group is a group of atoms linked by strong covalent bonds and tending to function in chemical reactions as a single unit. (chemicalindustrynews.com)
  • You can think of functional groups as tightly knit "cliques" whose members are unlikely to be parted. (chemicalindustrynews.com)
  • Functional groups, including all hydroxyl groups, are shown after the number of double bonds separated by an underscore and followed by the number of groups if more than one. (lipidomicnet.org)
  • Proven positions of functional groups are shown after the number of double bonds separated by a slash. (lipidomicnet.org)
  • Specific stereochemistry of functional groups is shown in square brackets, (R) and (S) configurations are preferred for side-chain stereochemistry and are given in italics in parenthesis. (lipidomicnet.org)
  • The rings are labeled with numbers and letters to identify the positions of the various functional groups that are attached to the rings. (biochemden.com)
  • The orientation and arrangement of the rings and functional groups determine cholesterol's unique properties and functions. (biochemden.com)
  • The carbon chain may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen and sulfur. (wikidoc.org)
Physiological1
  • In addition to bacterial inhibition, triazole pesticides also have physiological regulating effects on plants, change binding groups, and obtain insecticidal and herbicidal activities. (sunchemgroup.com)
Sensitivity1
  • In GC, for higher resolution and detection sensitivity, sterol samples need to be silanized or acetylated, and the moisture content in the system determines the derivatization yield. (bioglyco.com)
Phospholipids1
Commonly1
  • Commonly used sterol extraction methods include liquid-liquid extraction, reflux extraction, and pressure extraction. (bioglyco.com)
Plant4
Oils1
  • Sterols are common components of human skin oils. (wikipedia.org)
Single1
  • Diabetes is not a single disease rather it is a heterogeneous group of syndromes characterized by an elevation of blood glucose caused by relative or absolute deficiency of insulin. (ijpsr.com)
Main2
  • available in PMC 2017 April 01.Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptCarquin et al.Pagesolubility, lack of Aprotinin supplier hydroxyl group and main maintenance into the outer PM leaflet [39, 81]. (ack1inhibitor.com)
  • Diabetes can be divided into two main groups based on their requirements of insulin: insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (Type 1), and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (Type 2). (ijpsr.com)
Double2
  • The C-5 position of most sterols is a double bond. (bioglyco.com)
  • A randomized, double-blind study by Shephard et al suggested that lozenges containing flurbiprofen 8.75 mg can alleviate moderate to severe pharyngitis symptoms for 3-4 hours, whether or not the patient is suffering from a group A or C streptococcal infection. (medscape.com)
Protein2
  • A group of synthetic hormones that promote the storage of protein and the growth of tissue, sometimes used by athletes to increase muscle size and strength. (w8mdspa.com)
  • Whereas the trisaccharidic head group of Gb 3 defines the specificity of Shiga toxin binding, the lipophilic part composed of sphingosine and different fatty acids is suggested to determine its localization within membranes impacting membrane organisation and protein binding eventually leading to protein internalisation. (springer.com)
Genus1
  • The species in this genus can be categorized into three groups depending on their type of trunk ( Olson and Rosell, 2006 ). (frontiersin.org)
Position1
Components1
  • GC is an effective analytical method to separate sterols, but there are certain difficulties in qualitative analysis of unknown components. (bioglyco.com)