Hydrogen solubility. Medical search. Frequent questions

Therefore, drug release profiles are exhibited by such formulations for poorly soluble drugs to improve the solubility of such poorly soluble drugs. (scialert.net)
This solid dispersion could significantly improve the solubility of candesartan cilexetil in water. (ijpsonline.com)

The lower alcohols are readily soluble in water but the solubility decreses with the rise in the molecular weight. (brainmass.com)
The combinatorial chemistry and high throughput screening increases the solubility of poorly water soluble compounds. (scialert.net)
Most of drugs which are weakly acidic and basic show poor aqueous solubility hence various methods like, salt formation, co-solvency, micronization, addition of agent, solid dispersion, complexation etc., are some of the vital approaches routinely employed to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. (scialert.net)
This article reviews various methods used for improving the solubility of hydrophobic drugs and improve the drug release profiles which are exhibited by such formulations for poorly soluble drugs. (scialert.net)
Hydrogen is one of the least soluble of the common gasses, at about 1.6 mg/L at STP. (scienceblogs.com)
More water-soluble gases (eg, chlorine, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride) dissolve in the upper airway and immediately cause mucous membrane irritation, which may alert people to the need to escape the exposure. (msdmanuals.com)

In nature, hydrogen sulfide can be found in caves, sulfur springs, underground deposits of natural gas, or as result of volcanic eruptions. (medscape.com)

Hydrogen fluoride is a colorless, fuming liquid or gas with a strong, irritating odor. (cdc.gov)
Hydrogen fluoride is a colorless and odorless substance used in industries and is a diatomic molecule due to which its atoms have an unequal value of their electronegativity that causes unequal dispersion of charge across H-F bond formed. (papercritters.com)
HF, or Hydrogen Fluoride, is a colorless and odorless chemical compound. (papercritters.com)

Hydrogen peroxide is unstable, decomposing readily to oxygen and water with release of heat. (cdc.gov)
Any molecule which has a hydrogen atom attached directly to an oxygen or a nitrogen is capable of hydrogen bonding. (brainmass.com)
Hydrogen sulfide is a covalent hydride chemically related to water (H2O) since oxygen and sulfur occur in the same periodic table group. (hmdb.ca)
As mentioned above, sulfur-reducing and sulfate-reducing bacteria derive energy from oxidizing hydrogen or organic molecules in the absence of oxygen by reducing sulfur or sulfate to hydrogen sulfide. (hmdb.ca)
Several groups of bacteria can use hydrogen sulfide as fuel, oxidizing it to elemental sulfur or to sulfate by using oxygen or nitrate as oxidant. (hmdb.ca)
It shows no appreciable solubility for hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. (ganoksin.com)

Drug efficacy can be severely limited by poor aqueous solubility and some drugs also show side effects due to their poor solubility. (scialert.net)
Since 1995, more than 90% of drugs are approved as hydrophobic having poor solubility. (scialert.net)

Aqueous solubility of any therapeutically active substance is a key property as it governs dissolution, absorption and thus the in vivo efficacy. (scialert.net)
Candesartan cilexetil was complexed with glycyrrhizic acid to enhance its aqueous solubility. (ijpsonline.com)

The differential solubility pump is therefore a substitute for other high vacuum pumps like the turbomolecular pump and the diffusion pump. (halfbakery.com)

However, persons whose clothing or skin is contaminated with concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution can secondarily contaminate personnel by direct contact or through off-gassing vapor. (cdc.gov)
Hydrogen peroxide is a clear, colorless, noncombustible liquid. (cdc.gov)
Pure hydrogen peroxide is a crystalline solid below 12 EF and a colorless liquid with a bitter taste above 12 EF. (cdc.gov)
Hydrogen peroxide is nonflammable, but it is a powerful oxidizing agent that can cause spontaneous combustion when it comes in contact with organic material. (cdc.gov)
Inhalation of vapors, mists, or aerosols from concentrated solutions of hydrogen peroxide can cause significant morbidity. (cdc.gov)
Hydrogen peroxide vapor is heavier than air and may cause asphyxiation in enclosed, poorly ventilated, or low-lying areas. (cdc.gov)
Children exposed to the same levels of hydrogen peroxide vapor as adults may receive larger doses because they have greater lung surface area:body weight ratios and increased minute volumes:weight ratios. (cdc.gov)
short stature and the higher levels of hydrogen peroxide vapor found nearer to the ground. (cdc.gov)
Hydrogen peroxide is poorly absorbed through intact skin. (cdc.gov)
In industry, hydrogen peroxide is used as a bleach for textiles and paper, as a component of rocket fuels, and as a reagent for producing foam rubber and organic chemicals. (cdc.gov)
In the home, dilute hydrogen peroxide solutions are used as disinfectants, deodorants, and hair-bleaching agents. (cdc.gov)
SOR), hydrogen peroxide, and 2, 2-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical activity by a model (most biological y active) of the anticancer plant was also evaluated. (who.int)

The most challenging task in development of a formulation is the solubility of drug, availability at the site of action and stability of drug. (scialert.net)
The two major obstacles in developing a therapeutic agent are Solubility and stability ( Seedher and Sharma, 2007 ). (scialert.net)
Physical stability was checked by wet granulation and water sorption methods, solubility was measured by intrinsic tablet dissolution. (helsinki.fi)
In the initial stage, we used OmpF as a model system due to its high stability, yield and solubility in aqueous solutions to determine the neutron structure at a later stage. (lu.se)

Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is a colorless, flammable gas that has strong odor of rotten eggs. (medscape.com)
Hydrogen sulfide, H 2 S, is a highly toxic and flammable, colorless gas with a characteristic odor of rotten eggs. (engineeringtoolbox.com)
Produced by the reaction of hydrogen with very reactive element fluorine, HF can exist as a colorless gas, fuming liquid, or as an aqueous solution, called Hydrofluoric acid. (papercritters.com)

H2S does not have hydrogen bonding as an intermolecular force. (brainmass.com)
4 Which of the following compounds would be expected to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the liquid state? (brainmass.com)
Hydrogen fluoride has an anomalous behavior of high melting and boiling points when compared with HCl, HBr, and HI because of the intermolecular hydrogen bonding. (papercritters.com)

Due to its extremely high charge density of approximately 2×1010 times that of a sodium ion, the bare hydrogen ion cannot exist freely in solution as it readily hydrates, i.e., bonds quickly. (wikipedia.org)
Most aliphatic amines display some solubility in water, reflecting their ability to form hydrogen bonds. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

This produces hydrogen chloride. (ilo.org)
Hydrogen Chloride Sparging Crystallization of the Chloride Salts of Cobalt, Manganese, and Nickel. (cdc.gov)

The hydrogen sulfide phase diagram shows the phase behavior with changes in temperature and pressure. (engineeringtoolbox.com)

Hydrogen sulfide occurs naturally in crude petroleum, natural gas, volcanic gases, and hot springs. (engineeringtoolbox.com)

This study investigates hydrogen solubility in furfural and 2-propanol at the temperature range of 323-476 K and pressure range up to 12.5 MPa. (iaea.org)
Lastly, the trend analyses demonstrated that the tendencies of CMIS-GP predictions were in excellent accordance with the real variations of H2S solubility in ILs with respect to pressure and temperature. (hal.science)
The solubility of hydrogen increases both with increasing pressure and/or increasing temperature. (vtt.fi)
Due its agile phase change associated with heat absorption or release, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate finds wide applications in the fields of solar thermal storage, waste heat recovery, building temperature control and electric power peak adjustment. (ecrater.com)

Organic decomposition of sulfur compounds in sewers, barns, liquid manure pits, ships' holds, and sulfur springs also produces hydrogen sulfide. (medscape.com)
These revision notes, data tables and solubility curve graphs of various compounds including salts, should prove useful for the new AQA chemistry, Edexcel chemistry & OCR chemistry GCSE (9 1, 9-5 & 5-1) science courses. (docbrown.info)

In this study, we developed a new measurement system for hydrogen-gas solubility and diffusivity in PEM based on NMR method, which enables us to derive the solubility and diffusivity without assuming theoretical dissolution model. (elsevierpure.com)
For the BCS class II drugs, the oral absorption is limited by the solubility or dissolution in gastrointestinal (GI) tract. (scialert.net)

Structurally amines resemble ammonia , wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic substituents such as alkyl and aryl groups. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
As displayed in the images below, primary amines arise when one of three hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by an organic substituent. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Secondary amines have two organic substituents bound to N together with one H. In tertiary amines all three hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic substituents. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Aliphatic amines display significant solubility in organic solvents , especially polar organic solvents. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Diminished solubility in water, although they retain their solubility in suitable organic solvents only. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The aim of this study is to correlate the solubility and electrospinnability of gelatin in different organic solvent systems. (ias.ac.in)

Children exposed to the same levels of hydrogen fluoride as adults may receive larger doses because they have greater lung surface area:body weight ratios and increased minute volumes:weight ratios. (cdc.gov)

Sterols and resin acids exhibit lower hydrogen solubility in comparison to fatty acids. (vtt.fi)
In connection with acids, "hydrogen ions" typically refers to hydrons. (wikipedia.org)
Other bacteria liberate hydrogen sulfide from sulfur-containing amino acids. (hmdb.ca)
Solubility is very low in water, weak acid, weak basis, and cold sulfuric acids. (mis-asia.com)
Theobromine formed co-crystal with other xanthines and theophylline interacted with all acids except stearic and HPMC, the latter showed alternative interactions based on hydrogen bonding. (helsinki.fi)

Abstract: Production of valuable chemicals from furfural through hydrotreatment requires information of hydrogen solubility in furfural and the most often applied solvent, 2-propanol. (iaea.org)
interpretation of the classical "iceberg" metaphor.11 To a first approximation, the hydrogen-bonded water structure seems to As a result of the small size and multiple hydrogen-bonding be the same in the hydrophobic hydration shell as in the bulk capacity of the water molecule, the cohesive energy density of solvent. (lu.se)

Hydrogen sulfide forms a complex bond to the ferric moiety causing inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (iron-containing protein), thereby arresting aerobic metabolism in an effect similar to cyanide toxicity. (medscape.com)
Hydrogens play a crucial role for protein function and involved in almost every mechanism. (lu.se)

This happens when hydrogen ions get pushed across the membrane creating a high concentration inside the thylakoid membrane and a low concentration in the cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
Hydrogen ions concentration, measured as pH, is also responsible for the acidic or basic nature of a compound. (wikipedia.org)
in an aqueous solution, an increased concentration of hydrogen ions yields a low pH, and subsequently, an acidic product. (wikipedia.org)
Respiratory damage is related to the concentration and water solubility of the gas and the duration of exposure. (msdmanuals.com)

So, it is necessary to figure out the mechanism of hydrogen gas permeation and to develop the PEM that has lower gas permeability. (elsevierpure.com)
The ideal hydrogen separation membrane should have high hydrogen permeability and good mechanical properties at a range of temperatures and pressures. (h2tools.org)
Tantalum is a potential candidate with highest permeability to hydrogen among pure materials for hydrogen separation membrane. (h2tools.org)
Among all newly discovered chemical entities about 40% drugs are lipophilic and these drugs are rejected by the pharmaceutical industry and will never benefit a patient because of its poor bioavailability due to low water solubility and/or cell membrane permeability. (scialert.net)

The proposed paradigms were developed using an extensive database encompassing 1243 measurements of H2S solubility in 33 ILs. (hal.science)
Unfortunately measurements of hydrogen solubility into these fractions are missing in the literature. (vtt.fi)
Figure 4: Optical-scattering measurements of a single palladium-gold triangle antenna on hydrogen exposure in dependence on separation d between the gold antenna and the palladium particle. (nature.com)

In these cases, hydrogen sulfide is created by mixing household chemicals (eg, an acidic detergent such as a toilet bowl cleaner, which acts as a proton donor, and a sulfur source such as a pesticide or bath salts), leading to the terms detergent suicide and chemical suicide. (medscape.com)
It is also important to note that Hydrogen sulfide is a central participant in the sulfur cycle, the biogeochemical cycle of sulfur on Earth. (hmdb.ca)
The purple sulfur bacteria and the green sulfur bacteria use hydrogen sulfide as electron donor in photosynthesis, thereby producing elemental sulfur. (hmdb.ca)

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) used for fuel cells and water electrolyzers is permeable to hydrogen gas, and the permeation causes to decrease the performance as electrochemical system. (elsevierpure.com)
Low-level exposures to hydrogen sulfide usually produce local eye and mucous membrane irritation, while high-level exposures rapidly produce fatal systemic toxicity. (medscape.com)

These are some of the hydrogen fluoride polarity related characteristics which show why HF is a polar molecule in detail: Electronegativity Difference. (papercritters.com)
In HF molecule, Electronegativity of Hydrogen= 2.2. (papercritters.com)

The aromatic amines, such as aniline , have their lone pair electrons conjugated into the benzene ring, thus their tendency to engage in hydrogen bonding is diminished. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Knowledge of hydrogen solubility in tall oil fractions is important for designing hydrotreatment processes of these complex nonedible biobased materials. (vtt.fi)

A positively charged hydrogen ion (or proton) can readily combine with other particles and therefore is only seen isolated when it is in a gaseous state or a nearly particle-free space. (wikipedia.org)
These master alloys readily go into solution at lower liquid temperatures, thus minimizing dross formation and solubility of hydrogen. (matweb.com)
When an apolar solute is inserted into water, hydration shell may escape experimental detection, the sizable there is thus a strong tendency to maintain the dense hydrogen- dynamical perturbations are readily characterized quantitatively. (lu.se)

however, victims whose clothing or skin is contaminated with hydrogen fluoride liquid or solution can secondarily contaminate response personnel by direct contact or through off-gassing vapor. (cdc.gov)

Hydrogen forms the only cation that has no electrons, but even cations that (unlike hydrogen) still retain one or more electrons are still smaller than the neutral atoms or molecules from which they are derived. (wikipedia.org)
Solubility decreases with the increase in the number of carbon atoms, especially when the carbon atom number is greater than 6. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The hydrocarbons known as haloarenes are those arenes in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been substituted by halogen atoms. (vedantu.com)

This would imply that the reaction is combining Mg and H 2 O to produce magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. (scienceblogs.com)

The hydrogen ion is recommended by IUPAC as a general term for all ions of hydrogen and its isotopes. (wikipedia.org)

Ocean acidification is the direct consequence of elevated concentrations of hydrogen ions and carbonate saturation from significant absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) by the world's oceans. (wikipedia.org)
In order to make manganese oxide or manganese dioxide, heat it in a stream with hydrogen at 1400K. (mis-asia.com)

MTA Fillapex® has higher solubility than that of resin cements, but its pH remained above 10 for seven days. (bvsalud.org)

Inhalation hazards result not only from exposure to hydrogen fluoride gas, but also from fumes arising from concentrated hydrogen fluoride liquid. (cdc.gov)
We place a single palladium nanoparticle near the tip region of a gold nanoantenna and detect the changing optical properties of the system on hydrogen exposure by dark-field microscopy. (nature.com)
In the United States from 1999 to 2007, 45 deaths from hydrogen sulfide exposure occurred, all of them unintentional. (medscape.com)
In 2019, 761 single exposures to hydrogen sulfide exposure were reported to Poison Control Centers in the United States. (medscape.com)

The ethanol has high boiling point than ether because of hydrogen bonding in alcohol. (brainmass.com)

The large negative hydration hydrogen-bond configuration. (lu.se)

Due to the low water solubility of the test substance correction for dissolved carbonate were carried out. (europa.eu)
This was necessary, because at low concentrations, conductivity will be influenced significantly by dissolved carbonate and hydrogen carbonate and falsify results for pKa determination. (europa.eu)

The hydrogels are expected to be capable of superior solubility, optimal therapeutic efficacy, and almost no cytotoxicity. (nature.com)

Solubility data for selected salts is given together with their solubility curves graphical representation and how to do simple solubility graph reading and mass of salt crystallising calculations. (docbrown.info)

Most hydrogen fluoride exposures occur by inhalation of the gas and dermal contact with hydrofluoric acid. (cdc.gov)
Most hydrogen fluoride exposures occur by cutaneous contact with the aqueous solution. (cdc.gov)

It is a measure of hydrogen ion activity in a particular medium (such as water, soil, etc.) and is commonly referred to as the measurement of acidity or basicity. (myronl.com)

A hydrogen ion is created when a hydrogen atom loses an electron. (wikipedia.org)
A hydrogen atom is made up of a nucleus with charge +1, and a single electron. (wikipedia.org)
In the image at left the hydrogen atom (center) contains a single proton and a single electron. (wikipedia.org)
The hydrogen anion, with its loosely held two-electron cloud, has a larger radius than the neutral atom, which in turn is much larger than the bare proton of the cation. (wikipedia.org)
Nevertheless, due to the high electronegative value of the Fluorine element, there is a strong electron pull from Hydrogen towards fluorine. (papercritters.com)

Even fairly low airborne concentrations of hydrogen fluoride produce rapid onset of eye, nose, and throat irritation. (cdc.gov)
Hydrogen fluoride has a strong irritating odor that is discernable at concentrations of about 0.04 ppm, which is considerably less than the OSHA PEL of 3 ppm. (cdc.gov)

Hydrogen sulfide is a highly toxic and flammable gas. (hmdb.ca)
It would be bubbling out H 2 , plain old hydrogen gas or molecular hydrogen, and it is highly flammable. (scienceblogs.com)

This leads to the formation of the dipole with its head towards fluorine and tail near hydrogen. (papercritters.com)

Hydrogen fluoride is used in separating uranium isotopes, as a cracking catalyst in oil refineries, and for etching glass and enamel, removing rust, and cleaning brass and crystal. (cdc.gov)

Hydrogen bonding significantly influences the properties of primary and secondary amines as well as the protonated derivatives of all amines. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

The boiling points of ethanol and methoxymethane show the dramatic effect that the hydrogen bonding has on the stickiness of the ethanol molecules. (brainmass.com)

Very high lipid solubility allows it to penetrate easily through biologic membranes. (medscape.com)
The relatively low diffusivity and high solubility of the aged specimen could be attributed to the presence of fine precipitates ( reversible trapping sites ) absorbed and retarded the hydrogen diffusion inward. (ncl.edu.tw)

As a cellular poison, hydrogen sulfide affects all organs, particularly the CNS and pulmonary system. (medscape.com)

In addition to carbon fluxes, the natural process of carbon sequestration from the atmosphere into the deep ocean is facilitated by two systems, the biological pump and the solubility pump. (wikipedia.org)
The solubility pump is a physico-chemical process that transfers CO2 at the air-sea interface. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy4

Organisms4

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs130

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment52

Phenomena and Processes67

Disciplines and Occupations9

Technology, Industry, Agriculture18

Information Science5

Health Care2

Improve the solubility2

Soluble6

Sulfide can be found1

Fluoride is a colorless3

Oxygen6

Poor solubility2

Aqueous solubility2

Differential solubility1

Peroxide12

Stability4

Colorless3

Intermolecular3

Bonds2

Chloride2

Behavior1

Gases1

Temperature4

Compounds2

Dissolution2

Organic6

Levels of hydrogen1

Acids5

Solvent2

PROTEIN2

Concentration4

Permeability4

Measurements3

Sulfur3

Membrane2

Molecule2

Benzene1

Hydrotreatment1

Readily3

Vapor1

Atoms3

Reaction1

IUPAC1

Dioxide2

Resin1

Exposure4

Ether1

Hydration1

Carbonate2

Therapeutic1

Salts1

Exposures2

Acidity1

Electron5

Concentrations2

Flammable2

Dipole1

Isotopes1

Significantly1

Ethanol1

High2

Poison1

Pump2