• Chromosome end-to-end associations seen at metaphase involve telomeres and are commonly observed in cells derived from individuals with ataxia telangiectasia and most types of human tumors. (duke.edu)
  • We report here that Ptch +/- mice develop primordial follicular neoplasms resembling human trichoblastomas, and that exposure to ultraviolet radiation or ionizing radiation results in an increase in the number and size of these tumors and a shift in their histologic features so that they more closely resemble human basal cell carcinoma. (nature.com)
  • The mouse basal cell carcinomas and trichoblastoma-like tumors resemble human basal cell carcinomas in their loss of normal hemidesmosomal components, presence of p53 mutations, frequent loss of the normal remaining Ptch allele, and activation of hedgehog target gene transcription. (nature.com)
  • The Ptch mutant mice provide the first mouse model, to our knowledge, of ultraviolet and ionizing radiation-induced basal cell carcinoma-like tumors, and also demonstrate that Ptch inactivation and hedgehog target gene activation are essential for basal cell carcinoma tumorigenesis. (nature.com)
  • 1 ] Akt expression and activity were constitutively increased in human pituitary tumors, as compared to normal pituitary tissue,[ 14 ] suggesting a possible role for Akt in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • GH3 cells are a well-characterized model of secretory adenomas that hypersecrete both prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) and that reflect the biology of human secretory tumors. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Using intestinal tumors arising spontaneously and induced by X-rays in CBA/H x C57BL/6J F1 hybrid mice and high-resolution microsatellite loss of heterozygosity (LOH) techniques, we provide mapping data for wt Apc loss, which confirms and extends earlier observations. (ukhsa.gov.uk)
  • In addition, high-frequency loss events at the Dpc4 locus were found in both spontaneous and radiation-induced tumors. (ukhsa.gov.uk)
  • Neoplasms of the pancreas encompass a wide spectrum of benign and malignant tumors. (proteinlounge.com)
  • Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the malignant neoplasm of the exocrine duct cells, accounts for more than ninety percent of all pancreatic tumors (Ref.1). (proteinlounge.com)
  • Gliomas are the most common intracranial malignant tumors in humans, and high-grade Gliomas in particular pose a unique challenge due to their propensity for proliferation and tissue invasion. (proteinlounge.com)
  • Dietary lariciresinol attenuates mammary tumor growth and reduces blood vessel density in human MCF-7 breast cancer xenografts and carcinogen-induced mammary tumors in rats. (uams.edu)
  • Patients treated with radiation only (RR=1.64, 95%CI=1.18-2.29) or radiation with surgery (RR=1.49, 95%CI=1.07, 2.06) had elevated risks of developing a second primary tumor, whereas patients treated with surgery only did not appear to be at increased risk (RR=1.28, 95%CI=0.93, 1.76). (nih.gov)
  • It uses multiple radiation beams targeted to the tumor, however, large volumes of the body receive low doses of irradiation. (itg.be)
  • Overall, our data indicates a significant role for Dpc4 mutation in intestinal tumor progression in the mouse and provides further evidence for the importance of interstitial chromosome losses in radiation tumorigenesis. (ukhsa.gov.uk)
  • All 18 patients received external beam radiation at the time of their initial diagnosis after surgical resection of the original tumor. (ajnr.org)
  • Anginex synergizes with radiation therapy to inhibit tumor growth by radiosensitizing endothelial cells. (uams.edu)
  • Microbeam radiation therapy alters vascular architecture and tumor oxygenation and is enhanced by a galectin-1 targeted anti-angiogenic peptide. (uams.edu)
  • Combination of Gold Nanoparticle-Conjugated Tumor Necrosis Factor-a and Radiation Therapy Results in a Synergistic Antitumor Response in Murine Carcinoma Models. (uams.edu)
  • Indeed, results of analyses of time trends in cancer incidence and mortality in Europe do not, at present, indicate any increase in cancer rates -- other than of thyroid cancer in the most contaminated regions -- that can be clearly attributed to radiation from the Chernobyl accident. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Therefore, the types of ious forms of radiation, carcinogen ifested as a higher incidence of the tumours that occur during childhood ic infectious agents, and chemicals same kinds of tumours that occur in in humans, including various embry and chemical mixtures. (who.int)
  • Studies in experimental incidence and multiplicity of tumours to Wilms tumour in humans - in the animals increase and the latency period de adult rat after perinatal exposure to a creases with increasing dose. (who.int)
  • The Monographs represent the first step in carcinogenic risk assessment, which involves examination of all relevant information in order to assess the strength of the available evidence that certain exposures could alter the incidence of cancer in humans. (who.int)
  • Diagnostic and therapeutic ionizing radiation (IR) is one of the well known long term risk factors of breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Radiation exposure, known to cause DNA damage, may be a potential source of field cancerization of the upper aerodigestive tract. (nih.gov)
  • Solar UV radiation (UVR) exposure is clearly associated with increased mortality from nonmelanoma skin cancer--usually squamous cell carcinoma. (unm.edu)
  • Harmful effects of non-experimental exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation in VERTEBRATES. (bvsalud.org)
  • The exposure of humans to ionizing radiation (IR) induces several types of genetic and somatic mutations leading to several types of cancers including breast cancer [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: To assess the cancer risk in children and adolescents following exposure to low dose ionising radiation from diagnostic computed tomography (CT) scans. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cellular proliferation and growth following exposure to mTOR inhibitors or radiation were assessed using biochemical methods. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • the induction of benign neoplasms may in some circumstances (see Section 9) contribute to the judgement that the exposure is carcinogenic. (who.int)
  • Topics are selected on the basis of two main criteria: (a) there is evidence of human exposure, and (b) there is some evidence or suspicion of carcinogenicity. (who.int)
  • A benign neoplasm cannot be distinguished from a malignant neoplasm on the basis of cytologic analysis of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy. (medscape.com)
  • Cholera is one of the most severe diarrheal diseases that affect humans and is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality especially among children in developing countries. (proteinlounge.com)
  • We evaluated the impact of therapeutic radiation for oral cancer on the risk of second primary cancers with data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program for 1973-1999. (nih.gov)
  • In: Radiation-Induced Cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proceedings of a Symposium on Radiation-Induced Cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Chromosome end-to-end associations and telomerase activity during cancer progression in human cells after treatment with alpha-particles simulating radon progeny. (duke.edu)
  • In this study, PC-3 cells (human prostate cancer cells) were used to investigate the anti-cancer effects of ionizing radiation (IR) combined with monascuspiloin (MP, a yellow pigment isolated from Monascus pilosus M93-fermented rice) and to determine the underlying mechanisms of these effects in vitro and in vivo. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • This study evaluated the effect of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) gene silencing using MMP-2 shRNA expression plasmids (pMMP-2) on IR induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage by MTT, dead green, γH2AX and comet assays in human normal dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The objective of the present study was to evaluate the human cancer burden in Europe as a whole from radioactive fallout from the accident. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Numbers of cancer cases and deaths possibly attributable to radiation from Chernobyl were estimated, applying state-of-the-art risk models derived from studies of other irradiated populations. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Models predict that by 2065 about 16,000 (95% UI 3,400-72,000) cases of thyroid cancer and 25,000 (95% UI 11,000-59,000) cases of other cancers may be expected due to radiation from the accident, whereas several hundred million cancer cases are expected from other causes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Radiation doses from contemporary CT scans are likely to be lower than those in 1985-2005, but some increase in cancer risk is still likely from current scans. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Using γ-H2AX and global genome expression analysis, we studied the biological responses induced by low doses of ionizing radiation in prostate cancer patients following IMRT. (itg.be)
  • Radiation-induced CXCL16 release by breast cancer cells attracts effector T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In this study we demonstrate that IR markedly enhanced the secretion by mouse and human breast cancer cells of CXCL16, a chemokine that binds to CXCR6 on Th1 and activated CD8 effector T cells, and plays an important role in their recruitment to sites of inflammation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These results provide the first evidence that IR can induce the secretion by cancer cells of proinflammatory chemotactic factors that recruit antitumor effector T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Genetic variants in inflammation-related genes are associated with radiation-induced toxicity following treatment for non-small cell lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • In 1969, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) initiated a programme to evaluate the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans and to produce monographs on individual chemicals. (who.int)
  • Basal cell carcinomas, the commonest human skin cancers, consistently have abnormalities of the hedgehog signaling pathway and often have PTCH gene mutations. (nature.com)
  • This is a systematic review of studies in the PubMed database to April 2013, which fit the eligibility criterion of "Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms" (MeSH Terms), filtered by Languages (English OR Portuguese OR Spanish). (bvsalud.org)
  • According to the World Health Organization (WHO), these neoplasms are considered a variant of follicular carcinoma of the thyroid and are referred to as follicular carcinoma, oxyphilic type. (medscape.com)
  • Some investigators believe that this condition is distinct from other follicular cell neoplasms. (medscape.com)
  • and radiation effects on cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the present study we evaluated chromosome end-to-end associations, telomere length and telomerase activity with the tumorigenic status of human bronchial epithelial cells immortalized with human papillomavirus. (duke.edu)
  • The combined treatment induced primarily autophagy in PC-3 cells, and the cell death that was induced by the combined treatment was chiefly the result of inhibition of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • IR induced DNA damage in both HDFs and MCF-7 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results conclude that pMMP-2 has protected HDFs and sensitized the MCF-7 cells from IR induced DNA damage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This differential response might be due to IR induced MMP-2 distinctive ROS generation in HDFs and MCF-7 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of the present investigation is to study the effect of MMP-2 gene silencing by transfection of MMP-2 shRNA expression plasmids (pMMP-2on radiation-induced DNA damage in human normal dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and MCF-7 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The importance of AMPK expression for radiation responses was investigated using both MEFs (mouse embryo fibroblasts) double knockout for AMPK α1/α2 subunits and human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT 116) with AMPK α1/α2 shRNA mediated knockdown. (ucsc.edu)
  • AMPK deficient cells showed impairment of the G1/S cell cycle checkpoint, and were unable to support long-term proliferation during starvation following radiation. (ucsc.edu)
  • The invasion of neoplastic cells into healthy brain tissue is a pathologic hallmark of Gliomas and contributes to the failure of current therapeutic modalities (surgery, radiation and chemotherapy). (proteinlounge.com)
  • Germ cell movement within the epithelium is vital because germ cells, if induced to release into the tubule lumen prematurely, will be unable to fertilize the ovum. (proteinlounge.com)
  • A Hürthle cell neoplasm is defined generally as an encapsulated thyroid lesion comprising at least 75% Hürthle cells. (medscape.com)
  • The computed estimate of lifetime attributable risks from solid neoplasms (colon, lung, and stomach) induced by doses of natural background radiation is higher for the period of low activity in solar cycle No. 24 than for the forced solar activity in the previous solar cycle Nos. (cuni.cz)
  • 1998. Food preservation using ionizing radiation. (cdc.gov)
  • Ionizing radiation (IR) therapy is a common treatment modality for breast and other cancers. (ox.ac.uk)
  • AMPK regulates metabolism and survival in response to ionizing radiation. (ucsc.edu)
  • AMPK is phosphorylated by ionizing radiation (IR) in an ATM dependent manner, but the cellular consequences of this phosphorylation event have remained unclear. (ucsc.edu)
  • Some additional studies were also performed: measurement of fullerenol nanoparticle size, zeta potential, and the influence of fullerenol on the ionizing radiation-induced damage to PMBCs. (biofullerene.com)
  • 1993. Protective effects of chlorogenic acid, curcumin and beta-carotene against gamma-radiation-induced in vivo chromosomal damage. (cdc.gov)
  • Gamma- radiation-induced chromosomal losses focus the critical region on wt Apc, but because of the limited number of polymorphic markers used, no other critical regions of loss on chromosome 18 were identified. (ukhsa.gov.uk)
  • Furthermore, double strand DNA breaks were induced in every patient 30 min after the treatment and remaining DNA repair and damage signaling continued after 18-24 h. (itg.be)
  • 20 21 ] Similarly, gamma knife radiosurgery is limited by the sensitivity of the optic chiasm to radiation damage at doses exceeding 8 Gy. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • In these individuals, there may exist chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and/or mucositis and radiation-induced tissue injury, which facilitate fungemia by Candida spp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Radiation therapy to the breast or chest. (cancer.gov)
  • By means of different bioinformatics analyses, we report that IMRT induced an inflammatory response via the induction of viral, adaptive, and innate immune signaling. (itg.be)
  • One of the populations most exposed to chronic low-dose radiation from Chornobyl (Chernobyl in Russian) lives in Polissia, the region representing the northern half of Rivne Province (Oblast) in Ukraine. (nih.gov)
  • The results are sufficiently compelling to justify continuing and expanding this investigation of malformations in chronic low-dose radiation-impacted regions of Ukraine. (nih.gov)
  • The average effective radiation dose per scan was estimated as 4.5 mSv. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Future CT scans should be limited to situations where there is a definite clinical indication, with every scan optimised to provide a diagnostic CT image at the lowest possible radiation dose. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We estimated the lifetime attributable risks induced by the annual dose of natural background radiation by sex for the Czech Republic and the USA. (cuni.cz)
  • In addition, three different scenarios based on dose radiation level were explored. (cuni.cz)
  • Efectos nocivos de la exposición no experimental a la radiación ionizante o no ionizante en los CORDADOS. (bvsalud.org)
  • At least in experimental animals, genetical y modified strains, because on the differential effects of a wide greater susceptibility to chemical in these species the interval between variety of carcinogens in humans at carcinogens in utero and during birth and sexual maturity is only a different stages of life, including var early postnatal life is usual y man few weeks. (who.int)
  • Quantitative extrapolation from experimental data to the human situation is not undertaken. (who.int)
  • Chemical analogues and compounds with biological or physical characteristics similar to those of suspected carcinogens may also be considered, even in the absence of data on a possible carcinogenic effect in humans or experimental animals. (who.int)
  • Mutations of the human homolog of Drosophila patched in the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. (nature.com)
  • Report on search for human radiation experiment records, 1944-1994 (volume 1). (cdc.gov)
  • Patched (ptch)-associated preferential expression of smoothened (smoh) in human basal cell carcinoma of the skin. (nature.com)
  • We evaluate the lifetime attributable risks induced by an increasing concentration of cosmic radiation and cosmogenic radionuclides during periods of low solar activity for the specific conditions in the Czech Republic. (cuni.cz)
  • Human immunodeficiency virus infection. (cancer.gov)
  • Functionally, the mTOR inhibitors, rapamycin and RAD001 (500 pM-5 nM), induced G1 growth arrest within 24 hours, an effect associated with reduced cellular proliferation. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • AMPK was required for IR induced expression of the mTOR inhibitor REDD1, indicating that AMPK restrains mTOR activity through multiple mechanisms. (ucsc.edu)
  • Marvin Goldman (born May 2, 1928 in New York City) is an American radiation biologist, known for "his highly significant contributions to the understanding of the effects of bone-seeking radionuclides-in carcinogenic characteristics of long-term strontium-90 exposures. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conference on the estimation of low-level radiation effects in human populations [Argonne, Illinois[, December 7-9, 1970, edited by George A. Sacher. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1986. Carcinogenic effects of radiation on the human skin. (cdc.gov)
  • related chemical compounds, physical agents (such as radiation) and biological factors (such as viruses). (who.int)
  • With Supplement 6 (IARC, 1987a), the title of the series was modified from IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans to IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans , in order to reflect the widened scope of the programme. (who.int)
  • Unlike plants and most animals, humans do not have the ability to synthesize our own ascorbic acid due to the deficiency of the enzyme L-gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase, which catalyzes the passage terminal in the ascorbic acid biosynthesis. (mdpi.com)
  • The criteria established in 1971 to evaluate carcinogenic risk to humans were adopted by the working groups whose deliberations resulted in the first 16 volumes of the IARC Monographs series . (who.int)