• Cysteine dioxygenase (CDO) is a non-heme iron enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-cysteine to cysteine sulfinic acid (cysteine sulfinate). (wikipedia.org)
  • It oxidizes cysteine to the corresponding sulfinic acid by activation of dioxygen, although the exact mechanism of the reaction is still unclear. (wikipedia.org)
  • CDO oxidizes to cysteine sulfinic acid (which exists predominantly in the anionic sulfinate form in vivo). (wikipedia.org)
  • The human and plant enzymes convert the N-terminal cysteine in substrate proteins to cysteine sulfinic acid, a modification that ultimately targets the proteins for degradation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Overall, the reaction involves addition of O2 to cysteine, which occurs spontaneously without enzyme catalysis. (wikipedia.org)
  • which is mediated by the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase type 1. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • In addition, L-cysteine can be converted into hydrogen sulfide and pyruvic acid through the action of the enzyme cystathionine gamma-lyase. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • Oxygen sensing is impaired in many human diseases, and further study of the human enzyme could help in the development of strategies for therapeutic intervention. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Decreased activity of the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase was demonstrated in one affected child. (medscape.com)
  • When an enzyme has multiple substrates, inhibitors can show different types of inhibition depending on which substrate is considered. (tpca-1inhibitor.com)
  • L-Cysteine, also known as C or e 920, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cysteine and derivatives. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • Cysteine and derivatives are compounds containing cysteine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of cysteine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • The amounts of the poly-branched and cyclic compounds in the crude oil sample suggested that cysteine dioxygenase of B. subtilis would show about 28 % efficiency in the bioremediation of environments polluted by crude oil of this composition. (eeer.org)
  • Deficiency of pantothenate kinase may lead to accumulation of cysteine and cysteine-containing compounds in the basal ganglia. (medscape.com)
  • Crosslinking increases efficiency of CDO ten-fold and is regulated by levels of cysteine, an unusual example of protein cofactor formation mediated by substrate (feedforward activation). (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, research has shown that cysteamine, a structurally similar molecule to cysteine, enhances cysteine oxidation but is not a substrate. (wikipedia.org)
  • This causes chelation of iron in the globus pallidus and free radical generation as a result of rapid auto-oxidation of cysteine in the presence of iron. (medscape.com)
  • It is also formed in the body by oxidation of the aminoacids cysteine and methionine. (simplymimi.net)
  • High cysteine levels inhibit ubiquitinylation, which lowers the rate of proteasomal degradation. (wikipedia.org)
  • During the 1980s and early 1990s, work from the laboratories of Diana Lopez, Jim Talmadge, M. Rita Young, and Hans Schreiber demonstrated that various types of myeloid cells could inhibit immune function in cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
  • 4-OI and DI are more electrophilic, and are therefore stronger NRF2 activators, and inhibit the production of Type I IFNs, while itaconate inhibits SDH and the dioxygenase, TET2. (biomed.news)
  • In the presence of dioxygen an aci-reductone dioxygenase yields the immediate precursor of methionine, ketomethylthiobutyrate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, crystal structures show the amino nitrogen and thiolate sulfur of cysteine coordinated to the iron in addition to a single water molecule (see figure). (wikipedia.org)
  • Both itaconate and 4-OI have been shown to modify cysteines on a range of target proteins, with the modification being linked to a functional change. (biomed.news)
  • In epipelagic SAR324 ecotypes, we observed the presence of two types of proton-pumping rhodopsins, as well as genomic, transcriptomic, and ecological evidence for active photoheterotrophy, based on xanthorhodopsin-like light-harvesting proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This cupin signature is found as a central component of many microbial proteins including certain types of phosphomannose isomerase, polyketide synthase, epimerase, and dioxygenase. (embl.de)
  • As well as these single-domain cupins, this survey has identified other classes of two-domain bicupins including bacterial gentisate 1, 2-dioxygenases and 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate dioxygenases, fungal oxalate decarboxylases, and legume sucrose-binding proteins. (embl.de)
  • CDO plays an important role in cysteine catabolism, regulating intracellular levels of cysteine and responding changes in cysteine availability. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Nurse Practitioner maturation bases an intracellular death to vasodilatation arrest Type in New Zealand. (evakoch.com)
  • Cysteine dioxygenase is a metabolic liability for KEAP1 mutant non-small cell lung cancer. (judson.pl)
  • 1997. Metabolic activation of aromatic amines by human pancreas. (cdc.gov)
  • The role of CDO may vary between cell types as it can either be used primarily for taurine or sulfate production or for degradation of cysteine. (wikipedia.org)
  • The binding affinity of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives in a crude oil sample on the cysteine dioxygenase of Bacillus subtilis was studied using computational methods. (eeer.org)
  • We offer a full suite of analytical testing for a range of different product types including small molecules, peptides, biologics, conjugates, potent and controlled substances. (almacgroup.com)
  • CDO is also regulated in adipose tissue, where high cysteine levels cause increased hypotaurine/taurine production. (wikipedia.org)
  • As such, continued research involving the comparison of itaconate and related molecules holds exciting prospects for the study of cysteine modification and pathways for immunomodulation and the potential for new anti-inflammatory therapeutics. (biomed.news)
  • Such interactions potentially indirectly impact the human host through virulence, antibiosis and immunomodulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Within humans, L-cysteine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • discovered an enzymatic oxygen sensor in humans that is functionally identical to plant cysteine oxidases, enzymes that control responses to hypoxia in plants. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This classification was based on the notion that "collagen" was equivalent to "connective tissue", but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term "collagen diseases" now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (lookformedical.com)
  • Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death, which occurs with iron dependence. (nature.com)
  • The primary structure is highly conserved between mammalian species, with murine and human CDO differing in only 16 residues. (wikipedia.org)
  • One proposed mechanism, supported by computational and spectroscopic studies, involves O2 binding cis to a thiolate to form reactive iron (III)-superoxo species (A), which then attacks the bound sulfur of cysteine to form a four-membered ring structure (B). Heterolytic O-O bond cleavage then affords a high-valent iron (IV) oxo intermediate (C), which transfers the second oxygen to sulfur. (wikipedia.org)
  • L-Cysteine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • 2006. Structure and mechanism of mouse cysteine dioxygenase. . (cornell.edu)
  • Our VP Technology Development and Commercialisation, Tom Moody, recently contributed to a published article in Nature Communications entitled, "Artificial cysteine-lipases with high activity and altered catalytic mechanism created by laboratory evolution. (almacgroup.com)
  • A fibrillar collagen consisting of three identical alpha1(III) chains that is widely distributed in many tissues containing COLLAGEN TYPE I. It is particularly abundant in BLOOD VESSELS and may play a role in tissues with elastic characteristics. (lookformedical.com)
  • Examples of a novel series of phenanthrolinones are shown to be potent competitive inhibitors of avian prolyl 4-hydroxylase, and of collagen hydroxylation, in embryonic chick tendon cells and human foreskin fibroblasts in vitro and in the oestradiol-stimulated rat uterus in vivo. (embl.de)
  • Collagen type IV molecules assemble to form a sheet-like network which is involved in maintaining the structural integrity of basement membranes. (lookformedical.com)
  • They are found in many cell types and are involved in the maintenance and regulation of cell shape and behavior, including PLATELET ACTIVATION and aggregation, through many different signaling pathways and differences in their affinities for collagen isoforms. (lookformedical.com)
  • The alpha subunits of collagen type VI assemble into antiparallel, overlapping dimers which then align to form tetramers. (lookformedical.com)
  • A fibrillar collagen found widely distributed as a minor component in tissues that contain COLLAGEN TYPE I and COLLAGEN TYPE III. (lookformedical.com)
  • Several forms of collagen type V exist depending upon the composition of the subunits that form the trimer. (lookformedical.com)
  • The C-terminal end of the alpha1 chain of collagen type XVIII contains the ENDOSTATIN peptide, which can be released by proteolytic cleavage. (lookformedical.com)
  • Collagen type XI is heterotrimer containing alpha1(XI), alpha2(XI) and alpha3(XI) subunits. (lookformedical.com)
  • A non-vascular form of connective tissue composed of CHONDROCYTES embedded in a matrix that includes CHONDROITIN SULFATE and various types of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. (lookformedical.com)
  • The main functional characteristic of these cells is their potent ability to suppress various types of immune responses. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Subsequent analyses elucidated the correlation between these 2 key genes with clinical features and 28 types of immune cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Outside of the human body, L-Cysteine is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as sunflowers, soy beans, and watermelons and in a lower concentration in common wheats, dates, and beers. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • Summary K-ras mutations are found in 40-50% of human colorectal adenomas and carcinomas, but their functional contribution remains incompletely understood. (shengsci.com)
  • 1979. Chemicals and industrial processes associated with cancer in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • In particular, CDO responds to changes in dietary cysteine availability and protein intake, maintaining decreased activity with low cysteine levels and increased activity at high levels to prevent cytotoxicity. (wikipedia.org)
  • UDS activity in the rat liver of the human carcinogens benzidine and 4-aminobiphenyl, and the rodent carcinogens 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine and direct black 38. (cdc.gov)
  • L-Cysteine is a drug which is used for the prevention of liver damage and kidney damage associated with overdoses of acetaminophen. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • Expression and localization of augmenter of liver regeneration in human muscle tissue. (shengsci.com)
  • The gene encoding the Ov-phy-1 open reading frame contained 11 introns, similar in structure to the gene encoding human prolyl 4-hydroxylase isoform I. Genomic Southern blot, EST and genomic PCR studies demonstrated that the O. volvulus genome contained between three and eight genes closely related to Ov-phy-1. (embl.de)
  • The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 1. (wikidoc.org)
  • So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes. (wikidoc.org)
  • 2007. Inhibition of human pancreatic ribonuclease by the human ribonuclease inhibitor protein. . (cornell.edu)
  • Alpha-synuclein accumulation in a case of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 1 (NBIA-1, formerly Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome) with widespread cortical and brainstem-type Lewy bodies. (medscape.com)
  • One proposed hypothesis is that abnormal peroxidation of lipofuscin to neuromelanin and deficient cysteine dioxygenase lead to abnormal iron accumulation in the brain. (medscape.com)
  • [ 11 ] This was postulated to lead to accumulation of cysteine in the basal ganglia, since cysteine can chelate iron and thus result in its deposition. (medscape.com)
  • On the one hand, tumor cells are under immunosurveillance in the presence of various proinflammatory cells, such as CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, CD4 + type 1 helper T (Th1) cells, and natural killer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The most common type of hemoglobin in mammals contains four such subunits. (ipfs.io)
  • cysteine dioxygenase type 1 [Source:HG. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • cytochrome b5 type A [Source:HGNC Symb. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Oil spill usually results in the death of aquatic and terrestrial animals and deprive the native human population of their food source and occupation [ 4 , 5 ]. (eeer.org)
  • CDO has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases and cancers, which is likely related to cysteine toxicity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is one of the most common types of malignancy in males and at present, effective prognostic indicators are limited. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 1. (wikidoc.org)
  • L-Cysteine is expected to be in Cannabis as all living plants are known to produce and metabolize it. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • Explantation of mesangial cell 'hillocks': a method for obtaining human mesangial cells in culture. (shengsci.com)
  • A simple method is presented for selective cell culture of human mesangial cells using explantation of mesangial cell hillocks. (shengsci.com)
  • [5] It represents about 8% of the total DNA in human cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • The development of the human blood-CSF-brain barrier. (cdc.gov)
  • It is usually caused by equipment failure, operation mishaps, human error, or intentional damage to facilities [ 1 ]. (eeer.org)