Human thymidylate synthase gene. Medical search. Frequent questions

Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) enhancer region genotype-directed phase II trial of oral capecitabine for 2nd line treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. (cdc.gov)

We also analyzed the predictive or prognostic value of germline polymorphisms of candidate genes associated with 5-FU and oxaliplatin. (biomedcentral.com)
Ten polymorphisms within five genes were investigated including TS, GSTP, ERCC, XPD and XRCC. (biomedcentral.com)
The influence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthetase gene polymorphisms on lung adenocarcinoma occurrence. (cdc.gov)
As mentioned above, most polymorphisms are irrelevant for the gene function. (healthdrugpdf.com)
Current efforts are focused on polymorphisms in genes involved in DNA synthesis and repair. (thapar.edu)

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. (wikipedia.org)
In microorganisms, these two domains are separate proteins, but, in multicellular eukaryotes, the two catalytic sites are expressed on a single protein, uridine monophosphate synthase. (wikipedia.org)
More common are small, subtle changes of the DNA sequence that can alter the structure and function of the proteins encoded by genes. (healthdrugpdf.com)
The genes that encode proteins comprise only a tiny fraction of human DNA, even though they represent the major biological function of the genome. (healthdrugpdf.com)
An educated guess is made regarding the characteristics of a gene involved in HIV resistance (for example only cell-surface proteins will be examined as they may bind HIV). (healthdrugpdf.com)
Deletion or mutation of genes coding for Ku70 or Ku80 proteins results in a highly radiosensitive phenotype [10]. (termedia.pl)
Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. (guidetopharmacology.org)

Genetic Variation of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) and Thymidylate Synthase (TS) Genes Is Associated with Idiopathic Recurrent Implantation Failure. (bookriff.com)

Mutation and expression of multiple treatment response-related genes in a population with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
Hyperhomocysteinemia is often seen in people with a positive MTHFR mutation gene test. (bookriff.com)
Gene Mutation: Another genetic cause of miscarriage is a change (mutation) in one or more genes on the chromosomes. (bookriff.com)
While women can get pregnant with an MTHFR gene mutation, they may have an increased risk of complications during pregnancy, including preeclampsia, congenital birth defects, and polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). (bookriff.com)
Having the MTHFR gene mutation is common and while it is linked to fertility issues, including miscarriage, the good news is you can address this gene with diet, lifestyle and supplementation. (bookriff.com)

Both OPRTase and ODCase have passed through lateral gene transfer, resulting in eukaryotes' having enzymes from bacterial and eukaryotic origin. (wikipedia.org)
Human and other mammalian thymidylate synthase (TS) enzymes have an N-terminal extension of approximately 27 amino acids that is not present in bacterial TSs. (rcsb.org)

In recognition of its genetic and functional distinctness, the organism that causes human PCP is now named Pneumocystis jiroveci Frenkel 1999. (cdc.gov)
The organism that causes human PCP is now named Pneumocystis jiroveci Frenkel 1999 (pronounced "yee row vet zee"), in honor of the Czech parasitologist Otto Jirovec, who is credited with describing the microbe in humans (15) . (cdc.gov)

The enzyme Uridine monophosphate synthase (EC 4.1.1.23, UMPS) (orotate phosphoribosyl transferase and orotidine-5'-decarboxylase) catalyses the formation of uridine monophosphate (UMP), an energy-carrying molecule in many important biosynthetic pathways. (wikipedia.org)
Open in another window Physique 1 Recently designed framework of RNAi molecule for thymidylate synthase (TS shRNA) and planning of DFP-10825. (healthyconnectionsinc.com)

TOP2A (DNA topoisomerase II alpha) gene, mapped to chromosome 17q12-q21, covers approximately 27.5 kb and includes 35 exons, encoding a 170 kDa protein [ 7 ]. (jcancer.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
Following this, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were included in Gene Ontology enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, protein‑protein interaction network and survival analyses. (cancerindex.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
Vertebrate ENO1, ENO2, and ENO3 genes usually contained 11 coding exons, while ENO4 (encoding an ENO-like protein, ENOLL) usually contained 14 coding exons. (edu.au)
Modulation of apoptotic response of a radiation-resistant human carcinoma by Pseudomonas exotoxin-chimeric protein. (uchicago.edu)
Checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2), a cell cycle checkpoint regulator gene, codes for a kinase protein activated in response to radiation and other agents that cause breaks in the DNA. (termedia.pl)
To further hone his skills in research he joined as a post-doctoral fellow in the Institute of Infectious diseases and Molecular Medicine University of Cape Town and worked in the area of protein Microarrays of drug metabolizing genes, his Post-doctoral Fellow ship was sponsored from Procognia Limited a London based biotechnology company. (thapar.edu)

In mammalian cells, histone H3 Lys 9 (H3K9) methylation and histone hypoacetylation are usually associated with methylated DNA, heterochromatin, and gene silencing. (aacrjournals.org)
2011) Identification of a de novo thymidylate biosynthesis pathway in mammalian mitochondria. (guidetopharmacology.org)

The ENO4 gene promoter comprised a CpG island and several TFBS, including AHR1 in the 5'-UTR region, which may suggest a role for ENO4 in aryl hydrocarbon ligand binding or metabolism. (edu.au)
Pemetrexed is polyglutamated by the folylpolyglutamate synthase (FPGS) and blocks folate metabolism and DNA synthesis by inhibiting TS, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT). (worktribe.com)
Germline thymidylate synthase deficiency impacts nucleotide metabolism and causes dyskeratosis congenita. (cdc.gov)

9 Additionally, pralatrexate also competes for enzymatic processing by folyopolyglutamate synthase (FPGS)with folate to increase cellular retention. (drugbank.com)

Additionally, pralatrexate also undergoes polyglutamylation catalyzed by folyopolyglutamate synthase (FPGS). (drugbank.com)

Thymidylate synthase genotype-directed neoadjuvant chemoradiation for patients with rectal adenocarcinoma. (cdc.gov)
Thymidylate synthase expression and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with advanced head and neck cancer. (uchicago.edu)
Alterations in Somatic Driver Genes Are Associated with Response to Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX in Patients with Localized Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. (cdc.gov)

We investigated the clinical significance of E2F1 gene expression in relation to its target genes, thymidylate synthase ( TS ) and Survivin , in case of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (aacrjournals.org)
Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR was done to evaluate the gene expression of E2F1, TS , and Survivin . (aacrjournals.org)
0.0001), although no correlation was observed between E2F1 gene expression and the apoptotic index. (aacrjournals.org)
The present study revealed that E2F1 gene expression correlates with TS and Survivin gene expressions and tumor proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
Here we illustrate the ability of human CMV (HCMV) to stimulate cellular thymidylate synthase (TS) gene expression in quiescent human embryonic lung fibroblasts. (elsevierpure.com)
The increase in TS gene expression was due to an increase in gene transcription, since the expression of a reporter gene driven by the human TS promoter was strongly induced by HCMV infection. (elsevierpure.com)
Bone Marrow Wilms Tumor Gene 1 Expression before Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Correlates with Relapse in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients. (unito.it)
Mutations of EGFR or KRAS and expression of chemotherapy-related genes based on small biopsy samples in stage IIIB and IV inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)
Expression profiles analysis identifies the values of carcinogenesis and the prognostic prediction of three genes in adrenocortical carcinoma. (cancerindex.org)
The analyzed gene datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. (cancerindex.org)
Potential transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) and CpG islands for regulating ENO gene expression were identified. (edu.au)
Human ENO1, ENO2, ENO3, and ENOF1 genes each contained CpG islands in the gene promoter regions consistent with higher-than-average levels of expression. (edu.au)
Large differences are due to loss or gain of entire genes, gene parts as well as sequences that regulate the gene expression. (healthdrugpdf.com)
RB/E2F target gene expression was determined by immunoblot analysis. (elsevierpure.com)
Topoisomerase II from Human Malaria Parasites: Expression, purification, and selective inhibition. (rathodlab.org)
RT-PCR analysis was performed to assess whether drugs modulated the expression of pemetrexed targets and of genes involved in DNA repair (ERCC1 and ERCC2). (worktribe.com)
Conclusion: These data demonstrate that oxaliplatin and pemetrexed synergistically interact against colon cancer cells, through modulation of cell cycle, inhibition of Akt phosphorylation, induction of apoptosis and modulation of gene expression. (worktribe.com)
Recent advances in understanding the role that epigenetics plays in cancer pathogenesis and understanding the mechanisms through which these processes regulate gene expression have stimulated considerable interest in developing clinically viable antineoplastic agents that target enzymatic components of transcriptional regulatory complexes responsible for the establishment of pathologic epigenetic modifications that lead to deregulated gene expression in cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
Central to the epigenetic control of gene expression is the histone code through which input signals can be translated into a heritable pattern of gene expression defining cellular output states ( Fig. 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Histone hyperacetylation and H3K4 methylation are associated with unmethylated DNA, euchromatin, and gene expression ( Fig. 2 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Our data have provided evidence for a comparable prediction of clinical outcome in CMF-treated breast cancer patients using conventional clinical variables and gene expression based markers. (lu.se)

Apigenin induces autophagic cell death in human papillary thyroid carcinoma BCPAP cells. (spandidos-publications.com)

Thymidylate synthase (TS) (EC 2.1.1.45) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP). (wikipedia.org)
Thymidylate synthase is an enzyme of about 30 to 35 kDa in most species except in protozoan and plants where it exists as a bifunctional enzyme that includes a dihydrofolate reductase domain. (wikipedia.org)
In humans, the gene that codes for this enzyme is located on the long arm of chromosome 3 (3q13). (wikipedia.org)
Individual thymidylate synthase is definitely a homodimeric enzyme that takes on a key part in DNA synthesis and it is a target for a number of clinically essential anticancer medicines that bind to its energetic site. (careersfromscience.org)
This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription. (cancerindex.org)
Attempts to abolish toxicity in human patients while preserving potency against the target enzyme, have led to the development of ZD1694, which has already shown significant activity against colorectal tumours. (rcsb.org)

Inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS) is an important mechanism of action of fluoropyrimidine antimetabolites. (aspetjournals.org)
The antitumor effect of 5-FU has ascribed to the competitive inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS) [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Human cytomegalovirus requires cellular deoxycytidylate deaminase for replication in quiescent cells. (unito.it)
Human cytomegalovirus stimulates cellular dihydrofolate reductase activity in quiescent cells. (unito.it)

Vertebrate ENOF1 (or ENO5) genes encode an antisense RNA, which may regulate mitochondrial thymidylate synthase activity that contained 12-15 coding exons. (edu.au)
The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway evaluation suggested that furthermore to Wnt and changing growth aspect (TGF) signaling pathways, that have been reported in response to follicle formation broadly, another mixed band of signaling pathways that regulate lipid synthesis and fat burning capacity, like the phosphatidylinositol signaling program and glycerolipid signaling and fat burning capacity, are Gemzar biological activity in charge of follicle formation also. (clinical-research-informatics.com)

Gefitinib and erlotinib would be effective for tumors with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations or increased EGFR gene copy numbers ( 6 ). (aacrjournals.org)
In human lung tumors, combined activation of K-RAS and inactivation of RASSF1A is closely associated with the development of the most aggressive and worst prognosis tumors. (cancerindex.org)
Replication-competent, nonneuroinvasive genetically engineered herpes virus is highly effective in the treatment of therapy-resistant experimental human tumors. (uchicago.edu)

Purpose: Oxaliplatin effect in the treatment of colorectal cancer is improved upon combination with thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitors. (worktribe.com)
Jarmuła A. (2010) Antifolate inhibitors of thymidylate synthase as anticancer drugs. (guidetopharmacology.org)

Such a general screening will yield literally thousands of candidate genes that must be examined. (healthdrugpdf.com)
After the candidate genes are identified one must determine which ones have unusual sequence in a resistant individual. (healthdrugpdf.com)

Can gene mutations cause miscarriage? (bookriff.com)
Comparative analysis of cancer gene mutations using targeted sequencing in matched primary and recurrent gastric cancers after chemotherapy. (cdc.gov)

This technique will rule out the non- polymorphic genes. (healthdrugpdf.com)
Secondly, we have also identified the role of polymorphic variants of certain genes and their synergistic interaction with environmental stimuli. (thapar.edu)

Thymidylate synthase gene copy number as a predictive marker for response to pemetrexed treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. (cdc.gov)
Background: The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB) is a key regulator of cell cycle progression and is functionally inactivated in the majority of human non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). (elsevierpure.com)

It is a tumor suppressor gene, involved in DNA DSB repair through the process of homologous recombination [16]. (termedia.pl)

These separate conformational forms display different enzymatic activities, with the UMP synthase monomer displaying low decarboxylase activity, and only the 5.6 S dimer exhibiting full decarboxylase activity. (wikipedia.org)

Our data suggest that HCMV activates human TS gene transcription by mechanisms that independent of E2F and different from those used by MCMV to stimulate the mouse TS promoter. (elsevierpure.com)
Conclusions: These results demonstrate that RB reconstitution into RB-deficient NSCLC lines establishes regulation of certain RB/E2F target genes and restores G1 arrest mechanisms. (elsevierpure.com)
Thus, we are better able to understand the mechanisms through which environmental exposure interacts with cancer susceptibility genes which might open up new avenues for disease prevention. (thapar.edu)
rs143383) is a member of your pointing to lumbar disk herniation within the Chinese Han human population along with the detection with the mechanisms of its actions. (csf-1r-receptor.com)

The following reaction is catalyzed by thymidylate synthase: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + dUMP ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } dihydrofolate + dTMP By means of reductive methylation, deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) and N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate are together used to form dTMP, yielding dihydrofolate as a secondary product. (wikipedia.org)
Thymidylate synthase (TS) catalyzes the reductive methylation of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) by 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (CH2H4folate) to form deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) and dihydrofolate (H2folate). (rcsb.org)

Deletion analysis of the human TS promoter identified two positive elements that are important for this increased transcription. (elsevierpure.com)
However, deletion of the two potential E2F binding sites in the human TS promoter did not prevent the virus-induced increase in TS promoter activity. (elsevierpure.com)
The evolutionary dynamics that retain long neutral genomic sequences in face of indel deletion bias: a model and its application to human introns. (tau.ac.il)
Genes involved in PI3K-AKT-mTORC1, DNA repair, and AP-1 complex signaling were enriched and elevated in HSCs with Atp8a1 deletion. (bvsalud.org)
Alteration (amplification or deletion) of TOP2A gene was also significantly related to shorter survival of cancer patients. (jcancer.org)

The two constructions had been resolved using the molecular alternative technique (49) using as model one subunit of human being TS (50) (PDB Identification GW788388 code 1YPV) for ht-hTS and using ht-hTS as model for the ht-hTS-LR complicated. (careersfromscience.org)

Laverne is a handy bioinformatics tool to help facilitate scientific exploration of related genes, diseases and pathways based on co-citations. (novusbio.com)
These medicines have been looked at in terms of their detailed chemical structures, their proteomic properties, the molecular biological pathways through which they work, their gene activation and epigenetic properties, their pharmacological properties, etc, This work has generally been of high quality and has resulted in thousands or tens of thousands of research reports, many of them published in highly respected Western journals. (anti-agingfirewalls.com)

LSF and Thymidylate synthase plays significant role in Liver Cancer proliferation and progression and Drug resistance. (wikipedia.org)

Results: RB reconstitution in RB-deficient lines restored regulation of topoIIα, thymidylate synthase, and cyclin A. Similarly, RB overexpression in RB-proficient cells caused further regulation of some RB/E2F target genes including thymidylate synthase and topoIIα. (elsevierpure.com)

Comparative ENO amino acid sequences and structures and ENO gene locations were examined using data from several vertebrate genome projects. (edu.au)
With the exception of identical twins, no human genome is absolutely identical to the genome of another. (healthdrugpdf.com)
A SNP is estimated to occur once every 1000 base pairs (the total number in a human genome could be as high as 6 million). (healthdrugpdf.com)
International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (2001) Nature 409: 860-921). (healthdrugpdf.com)
There is thought to be more than 30,000 genes in the human genome. (healthdrugpdf.com)

A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was adopted to explore the targeted regulation between miR-424-5p and YAP1. (bvsalud.org)

The top 14 hub genes were subsequently confirmed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction in ACC and adrenocortical adenoma samples. (cancerindex.org)

This gene is localized to chromosome 20 and has pseudogenes which reside on chromosomes 1 and 22. (cancerindex.org)
The identified DEGs included 20 downregulated genes and 51 upregulated genes, which were highly associated with the cell cycle, organelle fission, chromosome segregation, cell division and spindle stability. (cancerindex.org)
If one is starting from scratch, without any knowledge of what kind of gene it might be and what chromosome it resides on, the task is truly enormous. (healthdrugpdf.com)

Such features also challenge assembly across genomic islands containing niche-defining genes that drive ecological speciation. (peerj.com)
Asexual populations of the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, use a two-step genomic strategy to acquire accurate, beneficial DNA amplifications. (rathodlab.org)

Furthermore, these three genes predicted overall survival and recurrence‑free survival in patients with ACC from the TCGA cohort. (cancerindex.org)

However, recent research has demonstrated that the utilization of organic compounds as fertilizers in agriculture soils can alter the selective pressure that drives antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on soil-borne microbial communities [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

A naturally occurring variation in thymidylate synthase structure is associated with a reduced response to 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine in a human colon tumor cell line. (aspetjournals.org)
The role of TS in fluoropyrimidine response has been analyzed in a panel of human colonic tumor cell lines. (aspetjournals.org)
Virally directed cytosine deaminase/5-fluorocytosine gene therapy enhances radiation response in human cancer xenografts. (uchicago.edu)
Oxidative Stress and Response to Thymidylate Synthase-Targeted Antimetabolites. (nih.gov)

Methods: Human HT29, WiDr, SW620 and LS174T cells were treated with oxaliplatin and pemetrexed. (worktribe.com)

First, PCR-amplified marker genes are limited to a narrow subset of the viral community, and require degeneracies and amplification conditions that undermine the quantitative nature of the data ( Sullivan, 2015 ). (peerj.com)

Although genetics have played a dominant role in cancer research, epigenetics (heritable changes in gene function that do not involve alterations in DNA sequence) has become equally important in this field. (aacrjournals.org)

Thymidylate synthase is induced by a transcription factor LSF/TFCP2 and LSF is an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma. (wikipedia.org)

13 As well, the study dose far exceeded the target dose for patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma and pralatrexate does not inhibit the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) K + channel 13 . (drugbank.com)
XLS 97 kb) 12861_2017_153_MOESM8_ESM.xls (98K) GUID:?B2FE5241-0444-4D48-99D4-D5E55E4120EF Extra file 9: Desk S7: Target genes of the very best portrayed 18 miRNAs. (clinical-research-informatics.com)

Tumor cells Human being ovarian malignancy SKOV3 cells had been bought from DS Pharma Biomedical Co. (Osaka, Japan) and taken care of in vitro like a monolayer tradition inside a Roswell Recreation area Memorial Institute (RPMI)-1640 moderate supplemented with heat-inactivated fetal leg serum made up of penicillin (100 U/mL), streptomycin (100 g/mL) and L-glutamine (2 mM). (healthyconnectionsinc.com)

Chemicals and Drugs14

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes5

Information Science2

TYMS1

Polymorphisms5

Proteins7

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase1

Mutation5

Enzymes2

Organism2

Molecule2

Protein8

Mammalian2

Metabolism3

Folate1

FPGS1

Neoadjuvant3

Expression22

Induces1

Enzyme6

Inhibition2

Cellular2

Regulate2

Tumors3

Inhibitors2

Candidate genes2

Mutations2

Polymorphic2

Lung2

Tumor Supp1

Enzymatic1

Mechanisms4

Methylation2

Deletion5

Subunit1

Pathways2

Proliferation1

Overexpression1

Genome5

Regulation1

Reaction1

Chromosome3

Genomic2

Recurrence1

Microbial1

Response4

Oxaliplatin1

Marker1

Alterations1

Transcription1

Target2

Cells1