Human t lymphotropic virus 2. Medical search. Frequent questions

[ 1 ] This led to the discovery of the first HTLV, designated HTLV-1, and marked the beginning of the human retrovirus era. (medscape.com)
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first human retrovirus to be reported and is associated with neoplastic, neurological, autoimmune, and infectious complications. (edu.pe)
The best known of the human env-derived genes is syncytin-1, or ERVWE1, which originated from a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) of the HERV-W family inserted on chromosome 7q21 in human-pre-hominoids 40-45 million years ago [ 11 , 10 ]. (ecancer.org)
Epidemiological and molecular profile of blood donors infected with HTLV-1/2 in the state of Pará, northern Brazil Abstract Background: The Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is a retrovirus of the genus Deltaretrovirus, which belongs to the family Retroviridae. (htlv.net)
Serological evidence for virus related to simian T-lymphotropic retrovirus III in residents of west Africa. (microbiologyresearch.org)
HTLV-1 is a type C retrovirus, related to other human and primate lymphotropic viruses and the bovine leukemia virus. (medscape.com)
Additionally, this mode of first retrovirus to be isolated in humans. (bvsalud.org)

However, HTLV-2 is often never suspected or diagnosed since most people never develop any signs or symptoms of the infection. (wikipedia.org)
Diagnosis may occur during for blood donation, testing performed due to an infection, or a work-up for an HTLV-2-associated medical problems. (wikipedia.org)
Infection with HTLV-2 is lifelong, but 95% of affected people have no signs or symptoms of the condition. (wikipedia.org)
Infection might be diagnosed after an attempted blood donation, a familial history of the infection, or workup of a disease caused by the virus (eg, a recent diagnosis of ATL or HAM/TSP). (medscape.com)
Prevalence of infection by human T Cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-1/2) in adult population in Vitória-ES. (bvsalud.org)
Some areas, for example the state of Bahia, have robust information about HTLV-1 /2 infection , however there is no information available about this infection in the general population of Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil . (bvsalud.org)
To determine the prevalence of HTLV-1 /2 infection in adults from the municipality of Vitoria, ES. (bvsalud.org)
To obtain a hepatitis C virus (HCV) proliferation system, we examined the susceptibility of various cultured cell lines to HCV infection. (elsevierpure.com)
We found that a human T-lymphotropic virus type I infected cell Line MT-2 was fairly sensitive to HCV infection. (elsevierpure.com)
These findings suggest that MT-2 cells are susceptible to HCV infection and are capable of supporting HCV replication. (elsevierpure.com)
Mother has mpox virus infection (Note: breastfeeding should be delayed until criteria for discontinuing isolation have been met (i.e., all lesions have resolved, the scabs have fallen off, and a fresh layer of intact skin has formed) 5 . (cdc.gov)
Agent: HIVs Including HTLV-III, LAV, HIV-1, and HIV-2 In the period 1984-1986, several health-care workers (HCWs) who had no recognized risk behavior for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were reported to have HIV infection (10-15). (cdc.gov)
The peripartum period is an important transmission time for human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) infection, mainly via breastfeeding and partly through the placental tissues of carrier mothers. (e-cep.org)
1,2,3 These recognized illnesses are of concern due to the potential of passing the an infection by way of breast milk or by contact with the an infection. (sfr-fresh.com)
Infection of human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTL V-2) in individuals. (usp.br)
SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis. (bu.edu)
Safety of autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with known Human T-cell Lymphotropic Viruses Type 1 and 2 infection: A case series of four patients. (bu.edu)
Given its particular distribution in normal human tissues and its potential roll as an immune modulator and in amino acid transport, tissue tolerance and protection against retroviral infection, syncytin could be a potential target for immune therapy using specific inhibitors. (ecancer.org)
Work-Related Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) Infection: A Systematic Review Abstract Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) belong to the delta group of retroviruses which may cause a life-long infection in humans, HTLV-1 leading to adult T-cell. (htlv.net)
Does HIV-2 protect against HIV-1 infection? (microbiologyresearch.org)
Plasma viral load in HIV-1 and HIV-2 singly and dually infected individuals in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: significantly lower plasma virus set point in HIV-2 infection than in HIV-1 infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Does HIV-2 infection provide cross-protection against HIV-1 infection? (microbiologyresearch.org)
Diagnosis of HIV-1/2 dual infection using dilution analysis of type-specific antibody. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2-mediated inhibition of HIV type 1: a new approach to gene therapy of HIV-infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The detection of HIV-2 infection in southern India. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Low peripheral blood viral HIV-2 RNA in individuals with high CD4 percentage differentiates HIV-2 from HIV-1 infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)
sexual transmission is also an important infection route in Given the importance of virus transmission through blood Brazil5. (bvsalud.org)
This is predominately HTLV-1 infection although a small minority of infections are with HTLV-2. (htlvaware.com)
Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) causes chronic infection for which there is no cure or neutralising vaccine. (ebi.ac.uk)
A key issue in current HTLV-I research is to better understand the dynamic interaction between persistent infection by HTLV-I and virus-specific host immunity. (ebi.ac.uk)

A virus closely related to HTLV-I, human T-lymphotropic virus 2 (HTLV-II) shares approximately 70% genomic homology (structural similarity) with HTLV-I. It was discovered by Robert Gallo and colleagues. (wikipedia.org)
Due to there being no cure for HTLV II the prevention is focused on early detection and preventing the spread of HTLV-2 to others. (wikipedia.org)
To determine the incidence of and risk factors for human T-lymphotropic virus, type II (HTLV-II) seroconversion among injecting drug users (IDUs), specimens from IDUs recruited into the ALIVE Study in 1988/1989 were assayed at baseline for antibody to HTLV with use of enzyme immunoassay and Western blot. (bgu.ac.il)
One is called human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and the other is called human T-lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-II). (mn.us)
مقدمه: شمال شرقی ایران، به‌ویژه شهر مشهد، از نواحی اندمیک ویروس لنفوتروپیک سلول‌های T انسانی نوع 1 (HTLV-I یا Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1) می‌باشد؛ اما در مورد شیوع نوع 2 ویروس (HTLV-II) در این منطقه، اطلاعات کافی موجود نیست. (ac.ir)

Cytotoxic T cells from human immunodeficiency virus type 2-infected patients frequently cross-react with different human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clades. (microbiologyresearch.org)

In (Figure 3) open reading frames (ORF) are shown which can if translated can predict which genes will be present and this can help to better understand human retroviruses. (wikipedia.org)
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that use an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to produce DNA from RNA. (medscape.com)
Isolation of similar retroviruses in nonhuman primates, simian T-cell lymphotropic viruses (STLV), STLV-1, STLV-2, and STLV-3, have also been discovered, suggesting that HTLV arose as an interspecies transmission between monkeys and humans. (medscape.com)
Scientists from the unité d'Epidémiologie et physiopathologie des virus oncogènes (Institut Pasteur/CNRS), directed by Antoine Gessain, are working on a group of RNA viruses known as HTLV retroviruses. (pasteur.fr)
Scientists from the Institut Pasteur and the CNRS, working in cooperation with the International Center for Medical Research in Franceville, Gabon (the CIRMF) and the Pasteur Center in Cameroon, set about identifying HTLV retroviruses in people at risk of contact with non-human primates. (pasteur.fr)
Retroviruses are a family of viruses that are grouped together based on how they are structured and how they replicate within a host. (mn.us)
Besides human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS, there a two other retroviruses that can cause human illness. (mn.us)
The human T-lymphotropic viruses represent a group of retroviruses that possess tropism for T lymphocytes and are transmitted parenterally, vertically and sexually. (bvsalud.org)

En conjunto forman una huella única. (edu.pe)

In Sub-Saharan Africa, very few data exist on hepatitis B, C, and D as well as on HTLV 1&2 epidemiology among MSM. (biomedcentral.com)

Human T- leukemia, type 2 (HTLV-2) generally causes no signs or symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
Human T- leukemia, type 2 (HTLV-2) is usually diagnosed based on blood tests that detect to the virus. (wikipedia.org)
Relative risk for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 carriage in donors from different geographic origins. (cdc.gov)
BSL 2 and 3 laboratory descriptions are included because they are recommended for laboratory personnel working with HIV, depending on the concentration or quantity of virus or the type of laboratory procedures used. (cdc.gov)
Interest is increasing in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) transmission due to its adverse health impacts. (e-cep.org)
And the article s bold-type tease line goes on to say: The successful cloning of a sheep means humans could be copied but at what cost? (bibliotecapleyades.net)
WO 9208784, "human t-lymphotropic virus type 2" scraped from the cells of Panamanian Indians. (beyondweird.com)
RATIONALE: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 can cause cancer. (druglib.com)
Zidovudine is an antiviral drug that acts against the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1. (druglib.com)
complete response or partial response) to zidovudine, recombinant interferon alfa-2b, and PEG-interferon alfa-2b therapy in patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). (druglib.com)
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is responsible for tropical spastic paraparesis and HTLV-1-associated leukemia/lymphoma. (edu.pe)
In 2 to 8% of cases, HTLV type 1 results in severe forms of leukemia/lymphoma or neuromyelopathy. (pasteur.fr)
Incidence and risk factors for human T-lymphotropic virus type II seroconversion among injecting drug users in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A. (bgu.ac.il)
Dive into the research topics of 'Incidence and risk factors for human T-lymphotropic virus type II seroconversion among injecting drug users in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A.'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. (bgu.ac.il)
Incidence and risk factors for human T-lymphotropic virus type II seroconversion among injecting drug users in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology , 9 (1), 89-96. (bgu.ac.il)
HTLV-2 Encoded Antisense Protein APH-2 Suppresses HIV-1 Replication Abstract Antisense protein of Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 2 (HTLV-2), also called APH-2, negatively regulates the HTLV-2 and helps the virus to maintain latency via scheming the transcription. (htlv.net)
Higher prevalence of fibromyalgia in patients infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type I. (thestemcellfoundation.com)
Recommendations for preventing possible transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus Type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus from tears. (aao.org)
This murine monoclonal antibody reacts with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I (HTLV-I) surface protein, gp46. (gentaur-italy.com)
It is estimated that 15 to 20 million people are affected by human T-lymphotropic virus type 1. (bvsalud.org)
The main diseases associated with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 are adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and tropical spastic paraparesis. (bvsalud.org)
The antibody for human lymphotropic virus type-I was negative, as well as urinalysis for Bence Jones protein. (biomedres.us)

Brazil has a high number of HTLV-1 /2 infections which are unequally distributed in the country. (bvsalud.org)
Blocking HTLV-1/2 silent transmission in Brazil: Current public health policies and proposal for additional strategies Abstract Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) are relatively common in Brazil but remain silent and neglected infections. (htlv.net)
The mission of the International Retrovirology Association (IRVA) is to encourage research in retrovirology, especially the study of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infections and the associated diseases, to foster collaborations between research groups, provide a platform for critical analysis of new data, and contribute to the dissemination of knowledge about these infections. (htlv.net)
We have clearly documented certain enterovirus infections triggering autoimmune responses in some patients…Can you imagine how we would feel if there are viruses surviving in our muscles, brains, hearts and gastrointestinal tracts triggering ongoing immune responses? (investinme.org)
Molecular characterization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and -2 in individuals from Guinea-Bissau with single or dual infections: predominance of a distinct HIV-1 subtype A/G recombinant in West Africa. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are considered to be at significant risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI) and bloodborne viruses including viral hepatitis types B, C, and D (HBV, HCV, and HDV) and human T-cell leukemia virus types 1 and 2 (HTLV 1&2). (biomedcentral.com)
Serum specimens obtained were tested for the presence of HBV, HCV, HDV and HTLV-1&2 infections. (biomedcentral.com)

HTLV-3 and HTLV-4 seem to be transmitted through direct human contact with primates (eg, through hunting, butchering, keeping them as pets), but data are lacking. (medscape.com)
The animal reservoir for all four types is non-human primates, especially gorillas and chimpanzees. (pasteur.fr)
The HTLV-3 virus has only been observed in a small number of people in Cameroon living in close contact with infected non-human primates. (pasteur.fr)

In 1979, human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) was isolated in a patient with adult cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (ATL). (medscape.com)
At least 5-10 million transmission has been associated with adult T-cell leukemia/ individuals harbor the virus worldwide1. (bvsalud.org)
The only oral manifestation associated with human T-lymphotropic virus is adult T-cell lymphoma. (bvsalud.org)
Primary bone lymphoma depicts a 1-2% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas. (biomedres.us)
Reports of a primary bone lymphoma (PBL) are rather rare, accounting for less than 1-2% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) [1], commonly affecting mainly femur, as well as spine and pelvis, causing dominantly localized bone pain [2]. (biomedres.us)

In this investigation a human RCC tissue microarray (TMA) (n=374) predominantly consisting of the most common histological tumor subtypes was hybridized with an ERV-K env antibody and correlated with patient clinical data. (frontiersin.org)

citation needed] There are few treatments including chemotherapy and antiretrovirals that can slow the viral load but no cure or definitive treatment exists for HTLV-2. (wikipedia.org)
Mother has HIV and 1) is not on antiretroviral therapy (ART), or 2) is on ART but has not achieved sustained viral suppression during pregnancy (at a minimum throughout the third trimester) or at the time of delivery, or is unable to maintain sustained viral suppression postpartum. (cdc.gov)
Many of the viral pathogenic agents that have emerged in humans in recent decades are of animal origin - including SARS coronavirus, avian influenza virus, hantaviruses, Ebola virus, Marburg virus and Nipah virus. (pasteur.fr)
One of the worst treatment disasters in modern history took place in the 1980s with the widespread transmission through infected blood products of viral pathogens, in particular HIV and hepatitis B and C viruses. (who.int)
Moreover, recent research has shown that even viruses which were hitherto believed not to persist after an acute infectious episode are capable of long-term viral persistence. (investinme.org)
Nora Chapman et al from the Enterovirus Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Centre, have shown that human enteroviruses Coxsackie B can naturally delete sequence from the 5' end of the RNA genome and that this deletional mechanism results in long-term viral persistence, which has substantially altered the previously held view (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2440640/?tool=pubmed). (investinme.org)

4] In the United States, the overall prevalence is 22 per 100,000 population, with HTLV-2 more common than HTLV-1. (wikipedia.org)
This study shows that HBV, HCV and HTLV 1&2 prevalence among MSM in Burkina is high and suggests that comprehensive STI prevention and sexual health education services for this group are needed. (biomedcentral.com)
Brazilian populations have been performed in specific groups, restricted breastfeeding in mothers infected with HTLV-1 and such as blood donors or pregnant women, and the prevalence HTLV-2 (DAB/CAB23, 2009, BMoH). (bvsalud.org)

Of the four subtypes, HTLV-2 may be linked to Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). (wikipedia.org)
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) and its subtypes were estimated to have infected 5-10 million people worldwide [ 1 - 3 ]. (e-cep.org)

Transfusion of plasma alone in humans did not result in seroconversion. (medscape.com)

Scientists from the Institut Pasteur and the CNRS have identified two new strains of the HTLV-4 virus in two hunters who were bitten by gorillas in Gabon. (pasteur.fr)
The scientists also discovered that one of the two new strains is divergent from the previously known strain of HTLV-4, highlighting the genetic diversity of this human virus. (pasteur.fr)

We pre-screen potential donors to make sure that the donor human milk we provide is free of substances that could compromise the health of the critical babies we serve and assists us in processing milk in the most efficient manner possible. (lactationmatters.org)

Novel ELISA Protocol Links Pre-Existing SARS-CoV-2 Reactive Antibodies With Endemic Coronavirus Immunity and Age and Reveals Improved Serologic Identification of Acute COVID-19 via Multi-Parameter Detection. (bu.edu)
More than 20 million people are infected by HTLV 1&2 worldwide, and West Africa is considered a highly endemic area [ 23 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In Brazil, the virus is endemic, presenting the greatest absolute number of cases in the world and included in blood bank screening tests. (bvsalud.org)

Considering the risk of infected individuals to develop high morbidity and mortality diseases , it would be important to implement public health policies aimed at stopping transmission of these viruses in this municipality. (bvsalud.org)
Respiratory viruses infect the human upper respiratory tract, mostly causing mild diseases. (mdpi.com)
These findings, published in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases, support the notion that gorillas represent a major source of infectious agents that can be passed on to humans. (pasteur.fr)
2 The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines identifies individual medicines that could provide safe effective treatment for most communicable and noncommunicable diseases. (who.int)
This project provides a systematic approach to calculating comprehensive, consistent, and comparable measures of health loss due to diseases, injuries, and their associated risk factors [ 2 ]. (jpmph.org)
TAN and TSP are 2 separate diseases that are grouped together because they both occur predominantly in tropical countries. (medscape.com)

Venous blood samples were collected and tested for anti- HTLV-1 /2 antibodies by chemiluminescent immunoassay (CMIA). (bvsalud.org)
Antibodies directed against white blood cell (WBC) human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in otherwise compatible donor blood are one possible cause. (merckmanuals.com)
This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence and correlates of HBV, HCV, HDV, and HTLV 1&2 antibodies among MSM in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. (biomedcentral.com)
Anti-HTLV 1&2 antibodies were found in 4.0% (95% CI: 2.3-6.8) of MSM. (biomedcentral.com)
Presence of anti-HTLV 1&2 antibodies was associated with history of genital or anal lesions and injection drug use. (biomedcentral.com)
This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence and correlates of hepatitis B, C and D virus and anti-HTLV 1&2 antibodies among MSM, a high-risk population in Burkina Faso. (biomedcentral.com)

Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System? (mdpi.com)

By using molecular screening to examine blood samples from 300 people who had been bitten by monkeys in Central Africa, they were able to identify the HTLV-4 virus - previously only observed in Cameroon - in two individuals in Gabon. (pasteur.fr)

Such a statement for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (called HTLV-III/LAV when the Guidelines were published) was published in MMWR in 1986 (2). (cdc.gov)

ERVs and related sequences are estimated at ~400,000 copies or 4.6% of the human genome, including genomic proviruses like 5' long terminal repeat (LTR)-gag-pol-env-3' LTR ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)

In 1985, anecdotal reports were received indicating that workers in two different HIV-reagent-production laboratories had been exposed to droplets and splashed liquid from a vessel containing concentrated virus. (cdc.gov)

These mothers should be provided with lactation support to learn how to maintain milk production and feed their infants with pasteurized donor human milk, previously expressed breast milk (if appropriate), or formula, while temporarily not breastfeeding. (cdc.gov)

Specifically, ERV-K members were originally identified due to their similarity to the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) and are subdivided into ten so-called human MMTV-like clades (HML1-10) ( 2 , 3 ). (frontiersin.org)

Cell-to-cell transmission is essential for virus replication and occurs through the formation of a virological synapse. (wikipedia.org)
HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 have similar transmission patterns, although the transmission efficiency of HTLV-2 is uncertain because of a lack of unbiased data gathering. (medscape.com)
For HTLV-2, the quantitative risk remains uncertain for both breastfeeding and intrauterine transmission. (medscape.com)
Prospective comparison of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Blood samples tested by an enzyme immune assay and a discriminatory Western blot were positive for HTLV-I. The familial analysis of one patient showed a possible pattern of sexual and vertical transmission of the virus. (scielo.br)

Tropical myeloneuropathies were described initially in tropical countries and are classified into 2 clinical syndromes that can have overlapping features-tropical ataxic neuropathy (TAN) and tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). (medscape.com)
Some authors believe it is possible for some patients with tropical spastic paraparesis to also present virus-related Sjögren's syndrome. (bvsalud.org)

There is increasing awareness that the dysregulated immune system that is a hall-mark of ME/CFS allows multiple latent viruses and microbial agents to become reactivated (Co-Cure NOT:12th November 2009). (investinme.org)

The office that failed to ask appropriate questions--through incompetence or intent-- about the bullet-like wound in the x-ray of Brown's skull, the Army Institute of Pathology, recently has been doing odd studies of viruses. (beyondweird.com)

These viruses can be spread by sexual contact, blood transfusion or breastfeeding. (pasteur.fr)
The first fully-documented human blood transfusion was administered by Dr. Jean-Baptiste Denys on June 15, 1667. (wikidoc.org)

HTLV-infected T cells in human milk pass from mother to child. (medscape.com)
Intracellular negative-stranded HCV RNA was also detected at 10 days p.i., although not at 7 days p.i., suggesting that HCV is replicating in MT-2 cells 10 days p.i. (elsevierpure.com)
I believe that the main reason (ME)CFS patients are symptomatic is due to continuing inflammatory response toward viruses living within the cells, enteroviruses in most of the cases I see. (investinme.org)
A virus is a microscopic organism that lives within the cells of another living organism. (investinme.org)
Viruses cause disease at the most basic level, by damaging the cells of living things. (investinme.org)
This study is a Phase 1/2 clinical trial that will assess the safety and efficacy of enriched gene-corrected hematopoietic stem cells isolated from patients affected with cystinosis . (ucsd.edu)
Infected individuals typically mount a large, persistently activated CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HTLV-I-infected cells, but ultimately fail to effectively eliminate the virus. (ebi.ac.uk)

HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 share broad similarities in their overall genetic organization and expression pattern, but they differ substantially in their pathogenic properties. (wikipedia.org)

In the United Kingdom (excluding Scotland), it is estimated that 20,000 - 30,000 persons are infected with Human T-cell Leukemia Virus (HTLV) (Tosswill et al BMJ 1999;320:611-2). (htlvaware.com)

In the 1980s, HTLV-2 was identified in a patient with an unidentified T cell lymphoproliferative disease that was described as having characteristics similar to the B cell disorder, hairy cell leukemia. (wikipedia.org)
this patient later developed hairy cell leukemia, but HTLV-2 was not found in the hairy cell clones. (wikipedia.org)
Transfecting these cell lines with a codon optimized ERV-K113 env overexpressing CMV vector was performed with or without 5'-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (Aza) treatment to sustain promoter de-methylation. (frontiersin.org)
We consider the origin of syncytin, its normal role in human placentogenesis and data regarding its relevance in cell-cell fusion. (ecancer.org)
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) is part of a group of viruses, including HTLV-I, -II, and -III (also known as HIV-1 and HIV-2). (meridianbioscience.com)
By themselves, viruses are lifeless particles incapable of reproduction, but once they enter the cell of another living thing they become active organisms that can multiply hundreds of times. (investinme.org)

The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. (cdc.gov)
Neither HTLV-3 nor HTLV-4 has been linked to human disease, and considerably less is known about these viruses. (medscape.com)
A virus specialist from the Centers of Disease Control in Atlanta died in the Kenya embassy bombing. (beyondweird.com)
To the best of our knowledge, these are the first cases of a proven association between HTLV-I and TSP/HAM in Belem, Para, and emphasize the need to actively look for cases of neurological disease associated to the virus. (scielo.br)
Title : Agent summary statement for human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) including HTLV-III, LAV, HIV-1, and HIV-2 Corporate Authors(s) : Centers for Disease Control (U.S.);National Institutes of Health (U.S. (cdc.gov)

Transposable elements (TEs) or mobile elements are genetic components that can have a significant effect on the host genome [ 1 , 2 ]. (ecancer.org)
Furthermore, these elements form the majority of the human genome. (ecancer.org)
In particular, the human genome contains full-length copies of four env open-reading frames (ORFs) that are highly expressed in the placenta [ 8 - 10 ]. (ecancer.org)

Moreover, the gorilla bites occurred several years before the blood samples were taken, revealing the chronic persistence of this virus in humans. (pasteur.fr)

Recently, a molecular evolution study of the HERV-W provirus in several ape species and 24 humans demonstrated the conservation of syncytin-1, as well as its retention of receptor-mediated fusogenic activity [ 14 ]. (ecancer.org)
The objectives of this Phase 1/2 clinical study are to assess the safety/tolerability of CTNS-RD-04, and its efficacy through a number of clinical, molecular and biochemical assessments. (ucsd.edu)

1,2,3,4 Galactosemia is a uncommon genetic metabolic dysfunction through which the physique can not digest galactose present in breast milk. (sfr-fresh.com)

error detection was only observed for A2067G (in 2 out of 10 measurements). (lynxgen.com)

Patients are evaluated after completion of part 1 maintenance therapy and proceed to part 2 maintenance therapy. (druglib.com)
Patients with evidence of maternal engraftment or an elevated response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) should receive RETHYMIC with immunosuppressive medications (Table 2). (rxlist.com)
Thus, patients younger than 40 years have better chances for both a 5-year and overall survival [2]. (biomedres.us)

Anatomy8

Organisms23

Diseases13

Chemicals and Drugs21

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment7

Phenomena and Processes17

Information Science4

Named Groups3

Health Care2

Geographicals6

Retrovirus7

Infection30

HTLV-II5

Immunodeficiency virus type1

Retroviruses8

Conjunto forman una huella1

Epidemiology1

Type22

Infections7

Primates3

Adult5

Antibody1

Viral6

Prevalence3

Subtypes2

Seroconversion1

Strains2

Donors1

Endemic3

Diseases6

Antibodies6

Pathogens1

Monkeys1

MMWR1

Genomic1

19851

Donor human milk1

Clades1

Transmission5

Tropical spastic par2

Microbial1

Pathology1

Blood transfusion2

Cells7

Pathogenic1

19991

Cell6

Disease5

Genome3

Persistence1

Molecular2

Genetic1

Detection1

Patients3