Human stem cell embryonic stem cell donor egg cell. Medical search. Frequent questions

Cloned human embryos express the genes required for pluripotency, but animal-human hybrids do not, according to a study published today (Feb. 2nd) in the journal__ linkurl:Cloning and Stem Cells. (the-scientist.com)
But cloning research continued, and American scientists announced in 2013 that they had for the first time successfully obtained stem cells from cloned human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
Some prohibit only cloning for reproductive purposes and allow the creation of cloned human embryos for research, whereas others prohibit the creation of cloned embryos for any purpose. (who.int)

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, an early-stage pre-implantation embryo. (wikipedia.org)
Human embryos reach the blastocyst stage 4-5 days post fertilization, at which time they consist of 50-150 cells. (wikipedia.org)
Isolating the inner cell mass (embryoblast) using immunosurgery results in destruction of the blastocyst, a process which raises ethical issues, including whether or not embryos at the pre-implantation stage have the same moral considerations as embryos in the post-implantation stage of development. (wikipedia.org)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), derived from the blastocyst stage of early mammalian embryos, are distinguished by their ability to differentiate into any embryonic cell type and by their ability to self-renew. (wikipedia.org)
Stem cells were then derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. (scienceblog.com)
The Korean researchers who performed this stem cell research improved upon their protocols that yielded the first embryonic stem cell line from a cloned human blastocyst. (scienceblog.com)
Most researchers obtain embryonic stem cells from the inner mass of a blastocyst, an embryonic stage when a fertilized egg has divided into 128 cells. (jcpa.org)
The stem cells derived from the inner mass of a blastocyst lack the ability to form a fetus when implanted into a woman, but are self-renewing and can be maintained for long periods of time in the laboratory as undifferentiated stem cells. (jcpa.org)
A blastocyst (cloned or not), because it lacks any trace of a nervous system, has no capacity for suffering or conscious experience in any form - the special properties that, in our view, spell the difference between biological tissue and a human life worthy of respect and rights. (wikiquote.org)
After many divisions in culture, this single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with almost identical DNA to the original donor who provided the adult cell - a genetic clone. (eurostemcell.org)
Instead, embryonic stem cells are isolated from the cloned blastocyst. (eurostemcell.org)
After around five days of development blastocyst, which is a ball of up to 100 cells that do not have a specific task. (freeessays.education)
Joseph Panno says in his book titled Stem cell research medical applications and ethical controversy Ð²Ð‚ÑšThere is no way to remove cells from the ICM of a blastocyst without killing the embryoÐ²Ð‚Ñœ. (freeessays.education)
From there, Dr. Brinster became interested in modifying the development of animals and their germ lines, and he went on to become the first person to show that it was possible to colonize a mouse blastocyst with stem cells from older embryos. (avma.org)
Moreover, Dr. Brinster first demonstrated that teratocarcinoma cells could combine with blastocyst cells to form adult chimeric mice, establishing the feasibility of this approach to change the genetic character of mice. (avma.org)
[ 2 ] This technique has evolved throughout the years and is now largely performed by biopsy of the blastocyst trophectoderm cells with analysis using techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to test for aneuploidy. (medscape.com)

The Australian government has issued its first license for cloning human embryos to obtain embryonic stem cells. (bioedge.org)

Embryonic stem cells of the inner cell mass are pluripotent, meaning they are able to differentiate to generate primitive ectoderm, which ultimately differentiates during gastrulation into all derivatives of the three primary germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm. (wikipedia.org)
Despite this difference in the cell cycle when compared to ESCs grown in media containing serum these cells have similar pluripotent characteristics. (wikipedia.org)
Pluripotent stem cells have shown promise in treating a number of varying conditions, including but not limited to: spinal cord injuries, age related macular degeneration, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders (such as Parkinson's disease), AIDS, etc. (wikipedia.org)
The resulting cells were pluripotent and could be differentiated into insulin-producing beta cells to restore the function of the pancreas in the donor. (news-medical.net)
Scientists from the Monash Institute of Medical Research (MIMR) and colleagues from New South Wales will compare two different methods of creating patient-specific stem cells: somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS). (medicalxpress.com)
Embryonic stem cells are known as pluripotent stem cells. (healthline.com)
Scientists have recently discovered how to turn adult stem cells into pluripotent stem cells. (healthline.com)
These new types of cells are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (healthline.com)
Hwang and colleagues report that the cells are chromosomally normal, self-renewing and "pluripotent" - meaning they have the ability to form the three major types of cells in the early embryo that give rise to all other cells in the body. (scienceblog.com)
Derivation of autologous induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) through direct reprogramming of easily accessible somatic cells holds the potential to transform the field of regenerative medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we summarize current reprogramming methodologies with a focus on the production of transgene-free or genetically unmanipulated iPSCs and highlight important technical details that ultimately may influence the biological properties of pluripotent stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Although exciting results have been achieved by means of somatic cell nuclear transfer, cell fusion, and culture-induced reprogramming [ 1 ], these procedures are technically demanding and inefficient and therefore unlikely to become a common approach for producing patient-specific pluripotent cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In 2006, a major breakthrough was reported in Japan by Takahashi and Yamanaka, who described the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from mouse fibroblasts via over expression of defined transcription factors [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
ISSCR also writes induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) should be excluded from specific stem cell research oversight. (biopharminternational.com)
Not too long ago scientists managed to produce stem cells from adult cells, called induced pluripotent cells (iPSC's). (myassignmentwriters.org)
Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent - they have the ability to become virtually any type of cell within the body. (cbc.ca)
The somatic cells are modified with extra DNA or RNA, or by exposing them to proteins or drugs, which has the effect of turning some of them into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (independentsciencenews.org)
We are working to generate red blood cells in vitro from pluripotent stem cells, however the extremely large cell numbers involved pose unique challenges to culture technology and scale-up. (selectbiosciences.com)
Novel culture and cryopreservation systems for human pluripotent stem cells and neural stem cells will be presented and their advantages and applicability in the production of high quality advanced therapeutic products or functional screening tools for preclinical research discussed. (selectbiosciences.com)
This presentation will describe the current status of strategies to generate induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from mouse and human somatic cells for patient-specific disease modeling and cell therapeutic applications. (selectbiosciences.com)

This policy is similar to that of other countries, including Israel, where scientists are funded by Government to study embryonic stem cells despite the aforementioned bioethical issue. (jcpa.org)

Due to their plasticity and potentially unlimited capacity for self-renewal, embryonic stem cell therapies have been proposed for regenerative medicine and tissue replacement after injury or disease. (wikipedia.org)
In addition to their potential in regenerative medicine, embryonic stem cells provide a possible alternative source of tissue/organs which serves as a possible solution to the donor shortage dilemma. (wikipedia.org)
While there is much work to be done in developing safe and effective stem cell treatments, we believe this is a significant step forward in developing the cells that could be used in regenerative medicine. (ohsu.edu)
Stem cell-based regenerative medicine shows much promise. (selectbiosciences.com)

in the current report, CRISPR was added to eggs at an earlier stage, at the same time as the sperm. (cosmosmagazine.com)
The sperm came from a donor with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Spencer continued: 'Abortion foes consider an egg fertilized by a sperm a human being. (davekopel.com)
According to a review of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines approved by the National Institutes of Health, 49 stem cell lines currently in use may have been "derived from sperm or egg donors who did not give proper consent for the use of their biological material in research. (primr.org)
The first is that great old standard, "sexual" reproduction, in which sperm meets egg. (cbc-network.org)
Moreover, most early-stage embryos that are produced naturally (that is, through the union of egg and sperm resulting from sexual intercourse) fail to implant and are therefore wasted or destroyed. (wikiquote.org)
The egg is artificially stimulated to divide and behave in a similar way to an embryo fertilised by sperm. (eurostemcell.org)
She bought donated sperm from a California university sperm bank several years prior to my egg harvest and was being counseled about infertility options. (cbc-network.org)
The way embryonic stem cells are creates are when a sperm cell and egg cell come together they become an embryo. (freeessays.education)
Normally, the embryo comes into being through sexual conception, in which the female egg cell is fertilized by a male sperm cell. (actionlife.org)
In sexual reproduction the new individual gets half of its chromosomes from the nucleus of the sperm cell and half from the nucleus of the egg cell. (actionlife.org)
One of these techniques stages the encounter of sperm with egg in a laboratory dish rather than in a woman's body. (actionlife.org)
More specifically, ISSCR explains it will support laboratory-based research focused on "gene editing of the nuclear genomes of human sperm, egg, or embryos, when performed under rigorous review, but hold that any attempt to apply this clinically would be premature and should be prohibited at this time. (biopharminternational.com)
Techniques such as mitochondrial-replacement techniques (MRT) and CRISPR-Cas9 can allow scientists to modify nuclear DNA of sperm and eggs in humans. (biopharminternational.com)
Research on the manufacture of egg-like and sperm-like cells for the purpose of producing laboratory-crafted human children is proceeding rapidly. (independentsciencenews.org)
The objective is to turn ordinary body cells of prospective parents into artificial eggs and sperm. (independentsciencenews.org)
Though ostensibly developed to facilitate reproduction in individuals for whom this capability is impaired or unavailable, the use of laboratory produced eggs and sperm represent an opening for the routine production and commercialization of "designer babies. (independentsciencenews.org)
Researchers refer to creating eggs and sperm (gametes) in the laboratory as in vitro gametogenesis or IVG. (independentsciencenews.org)
The iPSCs are next exposed to other biomolecules or drugs, to convert them into cells resembling the specialized cells of the body, such as eggs or sperm. (independentsciencenews.org)
Promoters suggest that IVG would make it possible for medically infertile people to have biologically related children without seeking authentic eggs or sperm from a donor. (independentsciencenews.org)
[3] The technology would also make it possible for a fertile person wanting to become a single parent of a biologically related child to do so without gametes (egg or sperm) donated by an identifiable second person (solo IVG). (independentsciencenews.org)
that is, a person from whom both synthetic eggs and sperm are derived. (independentsciencenews.org)

Scientists produced embryonic stem cells from the DNA of one person combined with a human donor egg. (technologyreview.com)
Scientists anticipate that in the future stem cell lines will provide a virtually unending supply of pancreatic cells for diabetic patients, neuronal cells for patients with neural disorders such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease, and a host of heart cells that may treat a variety of cardiac problems. (spiked-online.com)
The exact process of differentiation is not yet understood and although embryonic stem cells can, in principle, provide for all human tissue, scientists are some way from controlling the process. (spiked-online.com)
It might be expected that the richest nation on Earth would encourage its top scientists to pursue this work with vigor rather than limiting funding opportunities, creating legal barriers and fencing off any newly developed cell lines. (spiked-online.com)
In 2013, scientists reported a successful SCNT procedure by modifying the protocol for specific human oocyte biology. (news-medical.net)
Religious groups believe that the raw material from which stem cells are sourced are themselves forms of human life, and by creating little chunks of humans in Petri dishes, scientists are, critics believe, playing God. (koreatimes.co.kr)
Scientists at Oregon Health & Science University and the Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC) have successfully reprogrammed human skin cells to become embryonic stem cells capable of transforming into any other cell type in the body. (ohsu.edu)
Since stem cells have the ability to turn into various other types of cells, scientists believe that they can be useful for treating and understanding diseases. (healthline.com)
To create iPSCs, scientists genetically reprogram the adult stem cells so they behave like embryonic stem cells. (healthline.com)
Scientists are hoping that the cells can be made from someone's own skin to treat a disease. (healthline.com)
Scientists have isolated the first human embryonic stem cell lines specifically tailored to match the nuclear DNA of patients, both males and females of various ages, suffering from disease or spinal cord injury. (scienceblog.com)
The work also moves scientists one step closer to the goal of transplanting healthy cells into humans to replace cells damaged by diseases such as Parkinson's and diabetes. (scienceblog.com)
From the 31 nuclear-transfer blastocysts, the scientists derived 11 stem cell lines. (scienceblog.com)
Yesterday, scientists in the United Kingdom announced that they'd been granted permission by the Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority to create stem cells by therapeutic cloning. (sentientdevelopments.com)
In therapeutic cloning, scientists take a human egg from a healthy donor, and remove its nucleus. (sentientdevelopments.com)
Last October, 57 scientists sent John Kerry a public letter about stem-cell research. (davekopel.com)
The scientists pointed to Kerry's own statements that human life begins at conception, and that fertilization creates a 'human being. (davekopel.com)
The scientists castigated Kerry for making 'exaggerated claims' about the scientific potential of embryonic stem-cell research, and for dismissing 'the entire history of efforts to protect human subjects from research abuse. (davekopel.com)
Of course there are scientists on other side of the issue who deny that a fertilized egg is a human being, or that it deserves protection from research abuse. (davekopel.com)
There are also some scientists who share Spencer's extravagant hopes for the results of embryonic stem-cell research. (davekopel.com)
Some consider the three-parent procedure controversial because of this mix of DNA, and because scientists worldwide have agreed to avoid making changes to human genetic inheritance. (scientificamerican.com)
Treatment at the Newcastle NHS Fertility Centre, which will offer the scheme, usually costs £3,500, if a woman agrees to surrender half of her derived eggs to scientists the fee will be halved. (progress.org.uk)
The eggs will then be used by scientists from Newcastle and Durham Universities to create embryos from which they will attempt to derive stem cells . (progress.org.uk)
Until now scientists have been restricted to using 'left-over' eggs from IVF treatment, these are usually poor quality and are already older than those that will be donated through the new scheme. (progress.org.uk)
Discussing the planned public consultation Angela McNab, chief executive of the HFEA, said, 'We know there are a wide variety of views on the subject of donating eggs for research and we anticipate a strong response to the consultation from professional groups, scientists, clinicians and patients as well as the public. (progress.org.uk)
In the study, scientists successfully transplanted a polar body from a woman's developing oocyte into the cytoplasm of a donor oocyte stripped of its nucleus. (salk.edu)
UK scientists announced that they will ask the rarely-says-no UK Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) for permission to implant an IVF embryo that is biologically related to three parents (two women and one man). (cbc-network.org)
Chinese scientists have successfully created chimeric embryos containing a combination of human and pig cells. (bioedge.org)
The ethical and policy practices related to embryonic stem cell research have been highly debated among scientists and regulatory bodies alike. (biopharminternational.com)
However, following the successful derivation of human embryonic stem cells in 1998, the debate over human cloning largely shifted to the question of whether it is acceptable for scientists to create human embryos only to destroy them. (thenewatlantis.com)
Scientists have been all abuzz in the last few years over stem cells - cellular magicians that promise to dazzle and amaze. (cbc.ca)
Scientists say embryonic stem cells are the most useful type because they have the potential to become any type of cell within the body. (cbc.ca)
Scientists are fascinated by the ability of stem cells to become any type of cell. (cbc.ca)
For decades scientists have been trying to reproduce cell culture environment for the closest mimicry of the natural cellular "embedding" within a living organism. (selectbiosciences.com)
Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)

Rapid cell division allows the cells to quickly grow in number, but not size, which is important for early embryo development. (wikipedia.org)
During the process of harvesting embryotic stem cells, the embryo is destroyed. (healthline.com)
Opponents believe that an embryo is a living human being. (healthline.com)
The egg then "reprograms" the adult nucleus so that the cell behaves like an embryo but has the genes of the adult cell. (nih.gov)
In another strategy, called therapeutic cloning, the embryo can instead be used to create stem cells that are genetically identical to a patient. (nih.gov)
Since embryonic stem cells have the ability to form virtually any cell type in the body, those taken from a cloned embryo could potentially be used to treat many diseases. (nih.gov)
The predominant bioethical concern arising from this technology is that the blastocyt-stage embryo must be destroyed in the process of isolating and separating the embryonic stem cells from the inner mass region of the pre-embryo. (jcpa.org)
The destruction of the pre-embryo has been the critical issue in the U.S. behind imposing limits on federal government-sponsored research in embryonic stem cells. (jcpa.org)
Many politicians, religious leaders, and bioethicists believe that any destruction of the pre-implanted embryo or fertilized egg is akin to murder. (jcpa.org)
The chickenpox, rubella, hepatitis A, shingles and one rabies vaccine all derive from fetal embryo fibroblast cells cultivated in the 1960s -- and Catholic leadership has wrestled with the ethics of using those vaccines. (salon.com)
This process gets rid of unneeded cells and is particularly important for "sculpting" tissue and organ structure during development of the embryo (or larval metamorphosis in insects), but may occur at any time even in adult cells when a tissue needs to be remodeled. (agemed.org)
A little shot of electricity comes next, and if all goes well, a new human cloned embryo comes into being and begins to develop in the same way as a sexually created embryo. (cbc-network.org)
Cloning of a human being" means asexual reproduction by implanting or attempting to implant the product of nuclear transplantation [e.g., an embryo] into a uterus or substitute for a uterus with the purpose of producing a human being. (cbc-network.org)
It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
To refer to an already existing human embryo, who science has documented for over a hundred years is a new already living human being, as "a child to be" or "future child" is ridiculous on its face, and oddly reminiscent of the draconian government public policies of recent major bioethics British eugenicist and Oxford don R. M. Hare (mentor of Peter Singer). (lifeissues.net)
Human embryos do not possess "human status": "In fact, the only result we can see of a law commanding doctors to treat the microscopic embryo as a 'patient' is a not-so-subtle conferring of 'human status' on embryos, which the Council has allegedly disavowed because of disagreement over the moral status of embryos. (lifeissues.net)
In a study published today in the journal Cell Stem Cell , researchers discovered it's possible to regenerate human eggs or oocytes-the cellular beginning of an embryo-by making use of genetic material that normally goes to waste. (salk.edu)
People are against it because it is the destruction of a human embryo to benefit other people. (freeessays.education)
These cells can be taken out of the embryo to be manipulated to be whatever one wants. (freeessays.education)
The only benefit that embryonic stem cells have is that the stem cells extracted from the embryo do not have a specific task and can be manipulated to turn into any type of cell. (freeessays.education)
ISSCR outlines an embryo research oversight (EMRO) process, or a specialized oversight process for research involving human embryos. (biopharminternational.com)
Other policy options, such as supposed compromises that would prohibit "reproductive cloning" but permit "therapeutic cloning" by prohibiting not the act of creating a cloned embryo but the act of transferring a cloned embryo to a woman's uterus, would inherently mandate the wide-scale destruction of human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
Opponents argue that any embryo has the potential to develop into a mature human. (cbc.ca)
Using this method of embryo manipulation, he next worked out many aspects of the metabolism and development of eggs and early embryos. (avma.org)
… "embryo" means a human organism during the first 56 days of its development following fertilization or creation, excluding any time during which its development has been suspended, and includes any cell derived from such an organism that is used for the purpose of creating a human being. (hinxtongroup.org)
… "human clone" means an embryo that, as a result of the manipulation of human reproductive material or an in vitro embryo, contains a diploid set of chromosomes obtained from a single - living or deceased - human being, fetus, or embryo. (hinxtongroup.org)
2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)

The cloning method is based on the fact that cytoplasmic factors in mature, metaphase II oocytes are able to reset the identity of a transplanted adult cell nucleus to an embryonic state. (news-medical.net)
It involves transplanting the nucleus of one cell, containing an individual's DNA, into an egg cell that has had its genetic material removed. (ohsu.edu)
Each of the 11 new human embryonic stem cell lines was created by transferring the nuclear genetic material from a non-reproductive cell of a patient into a donated egg, or "oocyte," whose nucleus had been removed. (scienceblog.com)
They then take a cell -- a skin cell, for example -- from a patient, and remove its nucleus. (sentientdevelopments.com)
They put the nucleus of the patient's cell into the egg whose nucleus has been removed. (sentientdevelopments.com)
Cloning entails taking the nucleus - the compartment that contains the DNA - from an adult cell and putting it into an egg from which the original nucleus has been removed. (nih.gov)
In the case of asexually creating a human, the biotechnologist removes the nucleus from a mature human egg (an oocyte). (cbc-network.org)
The nucleus of a body cell from the DNA donor is removed, and put into the place formerly occupied by the egg's nucleus. (cbc-network.org)
In this procedure, the nucleus of an egg cell is removed and replaced by the nucleus of a cell from another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
After being inserted into the egg, the adult cell nucleus is reprogrammed by the host cell. (eurostemcell.org)
This DNA comes from small cells called polar bodies that form off of eggs and contain the same genetic material as in a woman's egg nucleus. (salk.edu)
Mitalipov previously developed a mitochondrial replacement therapy involving the implantation of patient's egg nucleus-or spindle-into a healthy donated egg stripped of its original nucleus. (salk.edu)
Instead, an egg has its nucleus removed and replaced by a nucleus from another type of cell-a body cell. (actionlife.org)
This is cloning, a process in which the body cell that donated the replacement nucleus supplies the chromosomes of the new human organism. (actionlife.org)
The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
Thus, the clone would be genetically identical to the nucleus donor only if the egg came from the same donor or from her maternal line. (who.int)

These cells have been sought after as potential therapies for diseases ranging from heart disease to Parkinson's to cancer. (news-medical.net)
Australia is already a global leader in overall stem cell research and this new and clear regulatory framework gives us an opportunity to extend our leadership into SCNT which could transform how we treat diabetes, heart diseases and Parkinson's," Mr Jennings said. (medicalxpress.com)
Diseases or conditions that might be treated through stem cell therapy include Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, cardiac disease and spinal cord injuries. (ohsu.edu)
While there is a great deal published on the potential medical applications of stem cell research to treat or cure diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer, and heart disease, much less has been published on the future impact of stem cell research in reproductive medicine. (jcpa.org)
Researchers investigating many other conditions, including Parkinson's , also have been known to use embryonic stem cells. (salon.com)
Embryonic stem cells (ESC's) are said to hold the potential to treat and cure many disorders like diabetes and Parkinson's disease. (myassignmentwriters.org)
Since then, there has been a flurry of announcements about developments in stem cell research and hints of promising treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and cancer. (cbc.ca)

Researchers are currently focusing heavily on the therapeutic potential of embryonic stem cells, with clinical use being the goal for many laboratories. (wikipedia.org)
In the face of a shortfall of human egg donors, many researchers hope that by injecting human nuclei into animal eggs they will be able to obtain patient-specific human embryonic stem cells. (the-scientist.com)
Researchers have determined that several steps in the protocol were critical for human cellular reprogramming. (news-medical.net)
Though the jury is out on whether we should try to modify the genes of human embryos, that hasn't stopped researchers from finessing the widely lauded CRISPR gene-editing technique. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Through moving findings between monkey cells and human cells, the researchers were able to develop a successful method. (ohsu.edu)
Before patient-specific stem cells can potentially be used in the clinic, a variety of issues must be addressed, the researchers emphasized. (scienceblog.com)
In addition, researchers must develop methods to efficiently direct the differentiation of embryonic stem cells to specific stable cell types. (scienceblog.com)
From the 185 donated oocytes, endowed with the genetic material from a different person (or in one case, the same person), the researchers report development of 31 hollow balls of cells called "human nuclear-transfer blastocysts. (scienceblog.com)
The researchers generated these stem cell lines ten times more efficiently than in their 2004 Science study, using improved laboratory methods. (scienceblog.com)
Researchers reported in Nature on November 22, 2007, that they successfully isolated 2 embryonic stem cell lines from cloned embryos made using cells from the skin of an adult rhesus macaque. (nih.gov)
Before this new study was published, Nature asked another group of researchers to confirm that the stem cells were genetically identical to the donor skin cells. (nih.gov)
The stem cells, the researchers showed, could turn into heart or nerve cells in the laboratory, and had other characteristics of established embryonic stem cell lines. (nih.gov)
In attempt to combat this problem, researchers have essentially been-as one doctor described it-taking the "yellow part" of a mother's egg and inserting it into the "white" of a donor's egg. (scientificamerican.com)
The stem cells could be studied in the laboratory to help researchers understand what goes wrong in diseases like these. (eurostemcell.org)
In an article in Nature , researchers indicate that one option for improving oversight may be repurposing the Embryonic-Stem-Cell Research Oversight (ESCRO) committee, in order to take a more expansive role in research supervision. (biopharminternational.com)
Instead, researchers should "call on the existing human subjects review processes to oversee donor cell recruitment," ISSCR wrote in a press announcement . (biopharminternational.com)
Researchers there are working on technology that induces human skin cells to change into the kind of stem cells that have been created by embryos. (cbc.ca)
However, researchers at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute say reprogrammed cells won't eliminate the need or value of studying embryonic stem cells. (cbc.ca)

By transferring adult cell DNA into an embryonic stem cell, it is possible to create a line of immortal embryonic cells that are able to develop into any type of adult cell, genetically identical to the donor. (news-medical.net)

Retinoblastoma proteins that inhibit the transcription factor E2F until the cell is ready to enter S phase are hyperphosphorylated and inactivated in ESCs, leading to continual expression of proliferation genes. (wikipedia.org)
Alternatively, transgenesis and gene targeting techniques can be used to introduce the patient's genes into the stem cell line. (spiked-online.com)
This was believed to be due to an inability to activate certain embryonic genes. (news-medical.net)
Two separate research teams have figured out how to "reprogram" cells with just a handful of genes to give them the characteristics of embryonic stem cells. (nih.gov)
Cells become cancerous by accumulating, stepwise, a series of several mutations that alter the function of genes important for cell growth. (agemed.org)
But previous approaches required the use of viruses to deliver the four genes needed to activate the cell and accomplish that task. (cbc.ca)
Later, Dr. Brinster began to wonder whether he could inject genes instead of mRNA into the eggs. (avma.org)
The fact that the DNA of a fully differentiated (adult) cell could be stimulated to revert to a condition comparable to that of a newly fertilized egg and to repeat the process of embryonic development demonstrates that all the genes in differentiated cells retain their functional capacity, although only a few are active. (who.int)

The therapeutic potential of cloned human cells has been demonstrated by another study using human oocytes to reprogram adult cells of a type 1 diabetic. (news-medical.net)
What are embryonic stem cells and what is their therapeutic potential? (myassignmentwriters.org)

The cells are being studied to be used as clinical therapies, models of genetic disorders, and cellular/DNA repair. (wikipedia.org)
But SCNT can also be used to clone human cells for transplant or other therapies. (news-medical.net)
It is believed that stem cell therapies hold the promise of replacing cells damaged through injury or illness. (ohsu.edu)
This is a remarkable accomplishment by the Mitalipov lab that will fuel the development of stem cell therapies to combat several diseases and conditions for which there are currently no treatments or cures," said Dr. Dan Dorsa, Ph.D. , OHSU Vice President for Research. (ohsu.edu)
The potential use of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for cell replacement therapies is limited by ethical concerns and the technical hurdles associated with their isolation from human embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
Ideally, iPSC-based therapies in the future will rely on the isolation of skin fibroblasts or keratinocytes, their reprogramming into iPSCs, and the correction of the genetic defect followed by differentiation into the desired cell type and transplantation. (biomedcentral.com)
Ethically, since eventually all such "research" will be applied to people, he cautions against the abuse of women "egg" donors, and against the premature use of vulnerable sick human patients for testing supposedly "patient-specific" stem cells in supposed "therapies", pointing to the obvious violations of standard international research ethics guidelines such clinical trials would necessarily entail. (lifeissues.net)
In May 2007, Ontario and California announced a $30-million stem cell research deal aimed at finding new therapies for those diseases. (cbc.ca)

Aside from these uses, ESCs can also be used for research on early human development, certain genetic disease, and in vitro toxicology testing. (wikipedia.org)
A renewable, tissue culture source of human cells capable of differentiating into a wide variety of cell types would have broad applications in basic research and therapeutic techniques. (spiked-online.com)
Alternatively, research using eggs may point the way to methods which mimic their properties using other human cells and chemical agents. (spiked-online.com)
Then, in February 2004 he dropped a bombshell, claiming that his SNU research team had cloned the first human embryos and extracted stem cells from them. (koreatimes.co.kr)
Moreover, they can be used independently to research how, for example, diseases attack cells. (koreatimes.co.kr)
The neo-conservative administration of George W Bush ― an administration with a strongly Christian support base to appease ― banned stem cell research. (koreatimes.co.kr)
Victoria and New South Wales have put aside their competitive interstate rivalry to collaborate on a stem cell research project, as announced by Innovation Minister Gavin Jennings and NSW Minister for Science and Medical Research, Verity Firth, today. (medicalxpress.com)
Mr Jennings said changes to the Victorian Infertility Treatment Act and the NSW Human Cloning and Other Prohibited Practices Act have opened up new opportunities for stem cell research in Australia. (medicalxpress.com)
The research breakthrough, led by Shoukhrat Mitalipov, Ph.D. , a senior scientist at ONPRC, follows previous success in transforming monkey skin cells into embryonic stem cells in 2007. (ohsu.edu)
This latest research will be published in the journal Cell online May 15 and in print June 6. (ohsu.edu)
The research team found that chemically maintaining metaphase throughout the transfer process prevented the process from stalling and allowed the cells to develop and produce stem cells. (ohsu.edu)
However, more research is needed to help understand the potential uses of amniotic fluid stem cells. (healthline.com)
They don't think the fertilized eggs should be used for research. (healthline.com)
In a Science "Policy Forum" related to the team's latest findings, David Magnus and Mildred Cho from Stanford University in Palo Alto, CA discuss international oversight and ethical issues in oocyte donation, including the need to promote realistic expectations of the outcomes of stem cell research. (scienceblog.com)
Now the U.K. is positioned to lead the world in translating the potential benefits of stem-cell research into patients. (sentientdevelopments.com)
Their work was supported by NIH's National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and National Center for Research Resources (NCRR). (nih.gov)
In order to better appreciate the role of stem cell research in reproductive medicine, there is a need to understand the critical biological principles of stem cell research and its potential applications to medicine. (jcpa.org)
Stem cell research is, in part, a quest to understand cellular differentiation, the process by which a human being develops from one fertilized cell into a multicellular organism composed of over 200 different cell types - for example muscle, nerve, blood cell, or kidney. (jcpa.org)
In 2009, in a major reversal of U.S. policy, President Obama signed an executive order pledging to "vigorously support" embryonic stem cell research. (jcpa.org)
But the story has taken a new twist as religious groups are now beginning to discourage followers from participating -- because ALS research at times relies on embryonic stem cells. (salon.com)
this research is funded by one specific donor, who is committed to this area of research. (salon.com)
She added that donors "can stipulate where their money goes and can ask that it not pay for embryonic stem cell research. (salon.com)
The Archdiocese suggests people who want to do the challenge contribute to the John Paul II Medical Research Institute, "where the research is only conducted using adult stem cells. (salon.com)
Early polio research included the use of embryonic tissue . (salon.com)
there are reasons to have conversations about embryonic stem cell research and fetal tissue research. (salon.com)
Citing a physics professor, Spencer wrote about 'stem-cell research debates that attack science in the name of fundamentalist objections to abortion and many forms of contraception. (davekopel.com)
Research Ethics Roundup: Cancer patients left untreated in Indian trials, new evidence that mice may be a poor model for human disease, and much more! (primr.org)
The bill purports to promote stem-cell research, while outlawing the cloning of a human being. (cbc-network.org)
While stem-cell research holds enormous potential for treating or even curing some diseases, the cloning of a human being is morally and ethically unacceptable…Any attempt to clone a human being is in direct conflict with the public policies of this state. (cbc-network.org)
It is the policy of Washington state that research involving the derivation and use of human embryonic stem cells, human embryonic germ cells, and human adult stem cells from any source, including somatic cell nuclear transplantation , is permitted upon full consideration of the ethical and medical implications of this research. (cbc-network.org)
A controversial scheme to extend the practise of 'egg sharing' has been approved by the UK's Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) to provide greater numbers of eggs for embryonic stem (ES) cell research. (progress.org.uk)
This is the first time the system has been approved in order to derive eggs for research. (progress.org.uk)
It is hoped that one donor per week will be recruited and that each new recruit will donate six to ten eggs for the research. (progress.org.uk)
The HFEA has also announced a public consultation, to run from September until November, to assess the opinion of the British public on the ethical status of egg donation for research. (progress.org.uk)
There are some risks involved in removing eggs, whether used in IVF or for research purposes, including ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome. (progress.org.uk)
Dr Calum MacKellar, director of research at the SCHB, added, 'This kind of agreement by women to donate their eggs for research will generally exploit the poorest members of our society. (progress.org.uk)
Professor Alison Murdoch who leads the Newcastle team said, 'It is of paramount importance to ensure that all donors are not recruited to participate in this research against their best interest by coercion or excessive financial inducement. (progress.org.uk)
Peter Braude, Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Kings College London, who has also been granted HFEA licences for embryonic stem cell research in the past commented, 'This is a difficult situation because there is a strong need for eggs for research. (progress.org.uk)
However, this license surprises me as it is inconsistent with the stance of not paying for eggs for research. (progress.org.uk)
This means that critical medical treatments can be refused patients or removed from them without their consent, live organs can be removed, or, as bioethicist Dr. Richard Frye (Senior Scholar, The Hastings Center) publishes, we have a strong moral obligation to use such non-person human beings ("possible people") in purely experimental destructive research for the greater good of society IN PLACE OF THE HIGHER PRIMATES WHO ARE PERSONS. (lifeissues.net)
What is cloning, and what does it have to do with stem cell research? (eurostemcell.org)
This form of cloning is unrelated to stem cell research. (eurostemcell.org)
Human embryonic stem cell research has tremendous potential for treating or curing many diseases that cause human suffering. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
Nevertheless, federal funding for stem cell research has had a controversial history in the United States. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
While many Americans believe that stem cell research will lead to the development of critical medical technology, others oppose it because of its association with abortion. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
These ethical issues have made stem cell research a prime target for political posturing, particularly because of how much power presidents have over stem cell research policies. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
By using vetoes, directives, or executive orders to manipulate stem cell policies, presidents have engaged in executive branch judo to work around the separation of powers and engage in unauthorized lawmaking activity at the expense of the public.This note will analyze the history of the United States' stem cell research policies and explain how presidents have interfered with its development. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
Sadly, longer-term risks remain a mystery, let alone properly understood, because of the lack of any long-term medical research or follow-ups on egg donors. (cbc-network.org)
This story is unique in that the woman was asked first to sell her eggs to help make a baby, then the agency asked her to consider selling her eggs for embryonic stem cell research. (cbc-network.org)
It reportedly has access to 7,200 human eggs for its research. (bioedge.org)
The director of the lobby group Australians for Ethical Stem Cell Research, David van Gend, criticised the issuing of the licence. (bioedge.org)
He said cloning research was no longer necessary because of recent advances in stem cell science. (bioedge.org)
GreggsEng 101-0214/10/08Research Contains Adult Stem Cells, No Embryos AllowedStem cell research has been argued about for quite some time now. (freeessays.education)
Unfortunately, most people have not been informed of another kind of stem cell research: Adult (somatic) stem cell research. (freeessays.education)
This argument is to show that somatic stem cell research is a better way to go than embryonic stem cell research. (freeessays.education)
Embryonic stem cell research is a way of attaining stem cells. (freeessays.education)
There is another type of stem cell research. (freeessays.education)
It is called somatic (adult) stem cell research. (freeessays.education)
The disadvantages of adult stem cell research are, unlike embryonic stem cells, they cannot manipulate the cell to any specificity. (freeessays.education)
There are many more disadvantages with embryonic stem cell research. (freeessays.education)
In the ongoing debate about cloning human embryos for research, and about destroying them in order to harvest their stem cells, it is important to keep some basic facts in mind. (actionlife.org)
The updated guidelines detail best practices for conducting research with human embryonic stem cells. (biopharminternational.com)
On May 12, 2016, the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) released its Guidelines for Stem Cell Science and Clinical Translation , an updated version of the organization's previous guidelines on stem cell research. (biopharminternational.com)
The guidelines detail best practices for conducting research with human embryonic stem cells, and attempt to navigate some of the complex scientific and ethical issues that have arisen related to stem cell research. (biopharminternational.com)
Whether or not stem cell research lives up to the media hype has been a popular discussion among experts, some of which believe communicators have neglected to emphasize the challenges associated with using stem cells. (biopharminternational.com)
An article published in the New England Journal of Medicine discusses how stem cell research may be "less advanced than the public has been led to believe. (biopharminternational.com)
ISSCR notes that while this guidance is not binding, it may provide an effective way for regulators and industry members to better understand stem cell research. (biopharminternational.com)
Cloning-for-biomedical-research is also profoundly unethical, as it turns human reproduction into a manufacturing process in the most literal sense: human embryos are created to serve as raw materials for the production of biomedical research supplies. (thenewatlantis.com)
Cloning-for-biomedical-research also endangers the health and safety of the women called on to undergo dangerous hormone treatments to serve as egg donors. (thenewatlantis.com)
If research cloning is not stopped now, we face the prospect of the mass farming of human embryos and fetuses, and the transformation of the noble enterprise of biomedical research into a grotesque system of exploitation and death. (thenewatlantis.com)
The Threat of Human Cloning concludes by calling for laws prohibiting both human cloning and the creation of embryos for research. (thenewatlantis.com)
Finally, and inexorably, a true professional scientist poses clearly challenging questions to his research colleagues, and to the scientific enterprise in general, about the dubious "scientific" justification for the current rush to clone human beings - for both "therapeutic" and for "reproductive" purposes. (lifeissues.net)
The recent desperation to clone human embryos may be seriously undermining accepted ethical principles of medical research, with potentially profound wider consequences. (lifeissues.net)
And he also agrees that if we don't find global agreement on human cloning, "we can probably expect dire consequences for the future of biomedical research and its impact on society at large. (lifeissues.net)
But he is equally concerned about the unethical aspects inherent in the rush to perform " therapeutic " human cloning research, including the abuses to all vulnerable human patients who would be required to participate in clinical trials. (lifeissues.net)
As he has questioned the HFEA before, would not the use of vulnerable human patients in clinical trials be premature, dangerous, and unethical given the already acquired knowledge in the research community that such supposed "patient-specific" stem cells would most probably cause serious immune rejection reactions in these patients? (lifeissues.net)
Overall, what is the potential and what are the risks of stem cell research?3. (myassignmentwriters.org)
In December 1999, the editors of Science, the journal devoted to scientific and medical matters, called stem cell research the 'Breakthrough of the Year. (cbc.ca)
Ontario and California together account for about 70 per cent of the stem cell research currently conducted in North America. (cbc.ca)
Some of that money would be aimed at turning the state into the second-largest stem cell research region in the United States. (cbc.ca)
This new method of generating stem cells does not require embryos as starting points and could be used to generate cells from many adult tissues, such as a patient's own skin cells,' said principal author Andras Nagy, senior investigator at Mount Sinai's Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute. (cbc.ca)
Today, this technique continues to form the foundation for research on mammalian embryos, including technologies such as transgenic engineering, embryonic stem cell therapy, human in vitro fertilization, mammalian cloning, and knockout engineering. (avma.org)
Established under the Assisted Human Reproduction (AHR) Act of 2004, Assisted Human Reproduction Canada (AHRC), also known as the Assisted Human Reproduction Agency of Canada, was created in 2006 to oversee research related to reproductive technologies and to protect the reproductive rights and interests of Canadian citizens. (asu.edu)
5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)

In fact, low levels of telomerase activity have been found in human adult stem cells including haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic stem cells such as neuronal, skin, intestinal crypt, mammary epithelial, pancreas, adrenal cortex, kidney, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ( Table 1 ). (nature.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells usually isolated from bone marrow, endometrium, adipose tissues, skin, and dental pulp. (techscience.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells capable of self-renewal and exhibit multilineage differentiation properties. (techscience.com)
RepliCel Life Sciences Inc. today announced that it has been granted a patent by Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry for hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells and their use thereof. (baldingblog.com)

Oocyte donors and patients who donated non-reproductive cells were all unpaid volunteers. (scienceblog.com)
The single cell line generated in the 2004 Science paper resulted from nuclear transfer in which the oocyte and non-reproductive ("somatic") cell came from the same healthy female. (scienceblog.com)

Cellular differentiation begins with the fertilized egg which serves as the identifying characteristic of an embryonic stem cell. (jcpa.org)
Enhanced expression of IL-6, IGF-1, TGF-β, and VEGF has also been observed in LC treated BMSCc+ groups, suggested the cardiac differentiation of BMSCc+, and can be utilized in tissue engineering for cardiac cell therapy. (techscience.com)

These germ layers generate each of the more than 220 cell types in the adult human body. (wikipedia.org)
Blastocytes obtained through nuclear transfers would be used to generate the embryonic stem cells that could be differentiated to specific tissues or organs for transfer to the nuclear donor. (spiked-online.com)
One aspect to this project will be to source oocytes, or immature egg cells to generate SCNT embryos from which embryonic stem cells are harvested. (medicalxpress.com)
As the fertilized egg divides from one cell into two, physicians can separate these two cells and implant each one of them into a woman's uterus to generate two genetically identical children. (jcpa.org)
Another long-term hope for therapeutic cloning is that it could be used to generate cells that are genetically identical to a patient. (eurostemcell.org)
Here, we transfected the LMNB1 gene into the telomerase reverse transcriptase-immortalized benign prostatic epithelial cell line, EP156T to generate a LMNB1-overexpressing EP156T (LMN-EP156T) cell line with increased cellular proliferation. (bvsalud.org)

Thus, telomerase activity and telomere maintenance are associated with the immortality of cancer cells, germ-line cells, and embryonic stem (ES) cells. (nature.com)
Stem cells come in three forms: embryonic stem cells, embryonic germ cells and adult stem cells. (cbc.ca)
Embryonic stem cells come from embryos, embryonic germ cells from testes, and adult stem cells can come from bone marrow. (cbc.ca)

There are major obstacles to overcome before a stem cell line is liable to reach clinical trials. (spiked-online.com)
This patent approval is an important milestone as RepliCel's licensing partner, Shiseido Company, prepares to conduct human clinical trials using RCH-01. (baldingblog.com)
ISSCR advocates for robust safety precautions for clinical trials involving human embryonic stem cells. (biopharminternational.com)
What is not generally known is that most of the human clinical trials before a drug is approved are conducted offshore in poor third-world countries where stringent regulations protecting human subjects are lacking and the cost is low. (myassignmentwriters.org)
The first clinical trials involving a patient receiving human embryonic stem cells began in October 2010 at the Shepard Center, a spinal cord injury hospital in Atlanta. (cbc.ca)
Details are provided about the quantitative market opportunity for various stem cell classes as well as the current state of the clinical trials space wherein stem cell-based therapeutics are being evaluated for therapy in various disease classes. (selectbiosciences.com)
Clinical use of human embryonic stem (hES) cells is already being explored in a several phase1 safety trials. (selectbiosciences.com)

Here, the stem cell line is created using the genetic properties of the prospective recipient via somatic cell nuclear transfer. (spiked-online.com)
One cloning technology that has been developed for mammalian and human cells is somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (news-medical.net)
The technique used by Drs. Mitalipov, Paula Amato, M.D. , and their colleagues in OHSU's Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, is a variation of a commonly used method called somatic cell nuclear transfer, or SCNT. (ohsu.edu)
Several years of monkey studies that utilize somatic cell nuclear transfer have never successfully produced monkey clones. (ohsu.edu)
This method is called "somatic cell nuclear transfer" or SCNT. (scienceblog.com)
The primary cloning technique is called "somatic cell nuclear transfer" (SCNT). (cbc-network.org)
Cloning, or somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), is the technique used to produce Dolly the sheep, the first animal to be produced as a genetic copy of another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)

Internal signals producing apoptosis depend on interactions of several proteins and may serve to protect the organism from cancer by killing cells that have pre-cancerous changes. (agemed.org)
At that point - and this is important to understand - there is no more cloning to be done since a new human organism now exists. (cbc-network.org)
If the cloned human organism is to be experimented upon and destroyed, the process is often called "therapeutic cloning. (cbc-network.org)
If the authors of this bill really meant what they appear to have written, their legislation would ban all human cloning, since as we have seen, biologically, a new human organism, that is, a new human being, comes into existence with the completion of SCNT. (cbc-network.org)
Or to put it the other way around, cloning, not implantation, is what produces a new and distinct human organism. (cbc-network.org)
These stem cells are genetically matched to the donor organism, holding promise for studying genetic disease. (eurostemcell.org)
The new organism thus produced is genetically distinct from all other human beings and has embarked upon its own distinctive development. (actionlife.org)
Whether the new organism is produced by fertilization or by cloning, each new human organism is a distinct entity. (actionlife.org)
XI - embryonic stem cells: embryonic cells that are capable of modifying the cells of any organism tissue. (hinxtongroup.org)

SCNT is a method of cloning mammalian cells that can be used to create personalized embryonic stem cells from an adult animal or human. (news-medical.net)
There are now two ways to create new mammalian life, including humans. (cbc-network.org)

Embryonic stem cells are derived from early embryos and have the ability to differentiate into any cell type. (spiked-online.com)

According to a 2002 article in PNAS, "Human embryonic stem cells have the potential to differentiate into various cell types, and, thus, may be useful as a source of cells for transplantation or tissue engineering. (wikipedia.org)
In tissue engineering, the use of stem cells are known to be of importance. (wikipedia.org)
If it can be produced in sufficient quantity this source of 'normal' human tissue could be of major importance to the pharmaceutical industry for drug screening. (spiked-online.com)
Current screening of potential new drugs is done using cell lines derived from animals or 'abnormal' human tissue such as tumor cells. (spiked-online.com)
This means they can potentially produce new cells for any organ or tissue. (healthline.com)
cells that were extracted from fetal tissue, which was donated. (salon.com)
The Mesenchymal and Tissue Stem Cell Committee, which belongs to the International Society for Cellular Therapy, stated that plastic-adherent properties are the minimum criteria for determining MSCs. (techscience.com)
However, it can be challenging to differentiate when they are connected with wounded tissue, opposed to when they instruct tissue-specific progenitor cells responsible for the redevelopment of damaged tissue. (techscience.com)
If there are intact cells in this tissue they have been 'stored' frozen. (wikiquote.org)
It has been said that stem cells can replace cell tissue that have been damaged or destroyed by some type of sickness or wound and copy themselves over and over again for a long period of time. (freeessays.education)
There is no proven technique to turn adult stem cells into any other cell other than their tissue of origin, to date. (freeessays.education)
In a study published in the online journal Nature on March 1, 2009, Canadian researches described a new method for generating stem cells from adult human tissue. (cbc.ca)

Furthermore, because these reprogrammed cells can be generated with nuclear genetic material from a patient, there is no concern of transplant rejection," explained Dr. Mitalipov. (ohsu.edu)
Metaphase is a stage in the cell's natural division process (meiosis) when genetic material aligns in the middle of the cell before the cell divides. (ohsu.edu)
The key is that the DNA, the genetic material in those embryonic stem cells, comes from the patient, whose immune system won't reject the stem cells. (sentientdevelopments.com)
This is the first investigation into the surprising viability of human polar bodies and it reveals a new source of previously discarded genetic material to study," says Ryan O'Neil, co-first author and Salk researcher. (salk.edu)

Adult stem cells don't present any ethical problems. (healthline.com)
The breakthrough may eventually put to rest the ethical controversy surrounding stem cells. (nih.gov)
From April 19-21, 2023, The US National Academies of Sciences (NAS) held a three-day workshop titled, " In Vitro Derived Human Gametes as Reproductive Technology: Scientific, Ethical, and Regulatory Implications: A Workshop " [7] . (independentsciencenews.org)
The use of the technique of nuclear transfer for reproduction of human beings is surrounded by strong ethical concerns and controversies and is considered a threat to human dignity. (who.int)
This technique is surrounded by strong ethical concerns and is considered a threat to human dignity. (who.int)

Molecular tests of artificially differentiated cells invariably show them to be not identical to their natural counterparts (also see below). (independentsciencenews.org)
In sexual reproduction, clones are created when a fertilized egg splits to produce identical (monozygous) twins with identical genomes. (who.int)

One important distinction is that while the method might be considered a technique for cloning stem cells, commonly called therapeutic cloning, the same method would not likely be successful in producing human clones otherwise known as reproductive cloning. (ohsu.edu)
For underage donors of non-reproductive cells, both parents signed informed-consent agreements. (scienceblog.com)
Currently, the procedure for isolating non-reproductive cells for the nuclear transfer method involves animal enzymes and serum. (scienceblog.com)
In most countries, it is illegal to attempt reproductive cloning in humans. (eurostemcell.org)
Agreeing with the premise of an earlier article in the same journal, he agrees that we "must not let our debate get completely derailed by vested interests, whether politically or economically motivated", and that the failure to find global agreement on human cloning at the U.N. could result in "reproductive" human cloning [and all the abuses of women that would entail]. (lifeissues.net)
2. Over the years, the international community has tried without success to build a consensus on an international convention against the reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Creating awareness among ministries of health in the African Region will provide them with critical and relevant information on the reproductive cloning of human beings and its implications to the health status of the general population. (who.int)
7. The WHO Regional Committee for Africa is invited to review this document for information and guidance concerning reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Media reports on nuclear transfer are usually about one form, reproductive nuclear transfer, also known as reproductive cloning of human beings . (who.int)
Elaboration of an international convention against reproductive cloning of human beings has been under consideration in the United Nations since December 2001 when the subject was included in the agenda of the fifty- sixth session as a supplementary agenda item at the request of France and Germany. (who.int)

Cloning of human cells is a technology that holds the potential to cure many diseases and provide a source of exactly matched transplant tissues and organs. (news-medical.net)
Although mitochondrial diseases are fairly rare, affecting about one in 5,000 children, Mitalipov and Amato say the three-parent technique could theoretically also be used to treat infertility and help with some stem cell treatments. (scientificamerican.com)
Claims that you could clone individual treatments of human beings to treat common diseases like diabetes, suggests you need a huge supply of human eggs. (wikiquote.org)
there a lot of diseases that used to be considered incurable such as cancer, ParkinsonÐ²Ð‚™s disease, and Sickle Cell Anemia, can be treated with somatic stem cells, not embryonic. (freeessays.education)
Since that somatic stem cells are within the patient, they can be used in the treatment of wounds, diseases, or injuries. (freeessays.education)
Also embryonic stem cells cannot be helped to treat diseases that cannot be cured. (freeessays.education)

When provided with the appropriate signals, ESCs initially form precursor cells that in subsequently differentiate into the desired cell types. (wikipedia.org)
Eventually, the cells begin to differentiate, taking on a certain function in a part of the body. (healthline.com)
Adult stem cells can't differentiate into as many other types of cells as embryonic stem cells can. (healthline.com)
They can differentiate into all types of specialized cells in the body. (healthline.com)
The breakthrough has created a way to "de-differentiate" the stem cells. (healthline.com)
For example, the stem cells can differentiate into cells that display characteristics of skin and retina cells, muscle cell bundles, bone matrix cells and cells of the gastrointestinal and respiratory lining. (scienceblog.com)

For example, hematopoietic stem cells are a type of adult stem cell found in bone marrow. (healthline.com)
Doctors have been performing stem cell transplants, also known as bone marrow transplants, for decades using hematopoietic stem cells in order to treat certain types of cancer. (healthline.com)

human beings have developed innovative technologies to treat and cure disease, to enhance human living conditions, and to protect or improve the environment. (jcpa.org)
But any of us could become that as human beings. (christianitytoday.com)
And now Washington joins the infamous list with Senate Bill 5594, a thoroughly disingenuous piece of legislation that purports to outlaw the cloning of human beings, but by manipulating language and redefining terms, actually permits human cloning and gestation of the resulting cloned embryos through the ninth month. (cbc-network.org)
One of the ways that makes somatic stem cells different from embryonic stem cells is that somatic stem cells are from adult human beings. (freeessays.education)
The New Atlantis is building a culture in which science and technology work for, not on, human beings. (thenewatlantis.com)

In humans, a major roadblock in achieving successful SCNT leading to embryonic stem cells has been the fact that human SCNT embryos fail to progress beyond the eight-cell stage. (news-medical.net)
This was the first successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into embryonic stem cells using a cloning technique, SCNT. (news-medical.net)
Another successful attempt at human SCNT was made using cells from two adult males. (news-medical.net)
SCNT, or therapeutic cloning, is one method used to produce a source of individually-tailored stem cells. (medicalxpress.com)
Unlike SCNT, iPS cells are derived from adult cells, such as skin, which are reprogrammed to behave like embryonic stem cells. (medicalxpress.com)
Once our team produces the iPS cells, we will compare the properties of iPS versus cells developed through SCNT. (medicalxpress.com)

These eggs simply do not reprogram," lead author linkurl:Robert Lanza,;http://www.robertlanza.com/ chief scientific officer of Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Mass., said of the human-animal hybrid embryos. (the-scientist.com)

These stem cells come from developed organs and tissues in the body. (healthline.com)
In addition, as the genetic identity of the donor egg from which the ESCs are derived most likely will differ from that of potential recipients, patients who receive ESC-derived cells or tissues may face the same complications that result from organ transplantation (for example, immunorejection, graft-versus-host disease, and need for immunosuppression). (biomedcentral.com)

These cells have been successfully used to treat children with blood cancers, such as leukemia, and certain genetic blood disorders. (healthline.com)

however, the level of telomerase activity is low or absent in the majority of stem cells regardless of their proliferative capacity. (nature.com)
Telomeric DNA consists of short guanine-rich repeat sequences in all eukaryotes with linear chromosomes, and its length in human somatic cells is remarkably heterogeneous among individuals ranging from 5 to 20 kb, according to age, organ, and the proliferative history of each cell ( Wright and Shay, 2005 ). (nature.com)
Telomerase can add telomeric repeats onto the chromosome ends, and prevents the replication-dependent loss of telomere and cellular senescence in highly proliferative cells of the germline and in the majority of cancers ( Blasco, 2005 ). (nature.com)
As stem cells have elongated proliferative capacity, they should have a mechanism that maintains telomere length through many cell divisions. (nature.com)

The mitochondrial DNA of the stem cells, however, matched the donor egg's mitochondrial DNA. (news-medical.net)
Because the child ends up with DNA from its mother, father and a donor, this mitochondrial replacement therapy has been nicknamed the "three-parent baby" technique. (scientificamerican.com)

Every human being begins as a single-cell zygote, grows through the embryonic stage, then the fetal stage, is born and develops through infancy, through childhood, and through adulthood, until death. (actionlife.org)

In the case of human-animal chimaeras, ISSCR provides guidelines for the welfare of transgenic animals. (biopharminternational.com)

In his original report, Thompson demonstrated that human embryonic stem cells could be coaxed into developing gut-like structures, bone, cartilage and muscle (1). (spiked-online.com)
In addition, specific proteins or biological substances can be added to these stem cell cultures to transform them in the laboratory into a large variety of specialized cell types, such as nerve, liver, muscle, bone, and blood cells. (jcpa.org)

Dr Thomas Okarma, who heads up the Geron Corporation, claims to have heart cells that 'beat' in laboratory dishes developed from stem cells (2). (spiked-online.com)
These cell lines will enable the study of human disease in cells in the laboratory. (scienceblog.com)
In laboratory culture, these cell lines displayed signs of immunological compatibility with the patients' cells, Science authors reported. (scienceblog.com)
Other improvements over the last paper include the reduced use of animal products in laboratory procedures and better evidence that the cell lines matched the patients' cells and did not have a parthenogenetic origin, where unfertilized eggs can divide on their own. (scienceblog.com)
Although it was only possible to examine a limited number of lines, from the point of view of epigenomic profiles, the quality of polar body-derived embryonic cells looks quite promising," says co-senior author Joseph Ecker , PhD, Salk professor and director of the Genomic Analysis Laboratory. (salk.edu)
In addition to this normal process, we have developed laboratory techniques with which to manipulate the procreation of new human organisms. (actionlife.org)

The zygote divides into two cells, then four cells, and so on. (healthline.com)
When a stem cell divides, it can either remain a stem cell or turn into a differentiated cell, such as a muscle cell or a red blood cell. (healthline.com)
The resulting cell then divides for about a week until it is a small clump of embryonic cells, from which stem cells are removed. (sentientdevelopments.com)
Similarly, when the fertilized egg divides from two cells into four cells, each of these four cells has the potential to individually form a human fetus. (jcpa.org)
However, by the time the fertilized egg divides into 8 or 16 cells something changes and each respective cell, if separated, no longer has the potential to create a fetus. (jcpa.org)

Until now, polar bodies had never been shown to be potentially useful for generating functional human eggs for fertility treatments. (salk.edu)

The adult cell nuclei were transferred into metaphase-II stage human oocytes, producing a karyotypically normal diploid embryonic stem cell line from each of the adult male donor cells. (news-medical.net)
In their new paper, Science author Woo Suk Hwang from Seoul National University in Seoul, Korea and colleagues replaced the nuclei from donated oocytes with nuclei from skin cells from male and female patients, ranging in age from 2 to 56, who had spinal cord injuries, juvenile diabetes and the genetic disease "congenital hypogamma-globulinemia. (scienceblog.com)

These stem cells are encouraged to become the type of cells needed (say, insulin cells) and then introduced into the patient (with, for example, diabetes). (sentientdevelopments.com)
For example, stem cells could be generated using the nuclear transfer process described above, with the donor adult cell coming from a patient with diabetes or Alzheimer's. (eurostemcell.org)

Furthermore, the comparative fragility of human cells as noted during this study, is a significant factor that would likely prevent the development of clones. (ohsu.edu)
Meanwhile, the ability of the mature egg to transform and begin embryonic development remains fully potent. (cbc-network.org)
Normally, polar bodies disintegrate and disappear during egg development," said co-first author Hong Ma, MD, PhD, with OHSU's Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy. (salk.edu)
It proceeds, unless death intervenes, through every stage of human development until one day it reaches the adult stage. (actionlife.org)
They are in an early stage of development and have the ability to become any type of cell to form skin, bones, organs or other body parts. (cbc.ca)
These cells are not those that evolved to produce gametes during embryonic development. (independentsciencenews.org)
The opportunities and challenges of development of stem cell-based therapeutic interventions for joint surface repair for the treatment and prevention of osteoarthritis will be discussed. (selectbiosciences.com)
This presentation describes the current state of the stem cells marketplace as it relates to their utilization for pharmaceutical screening as well as their development for cellular therapy. (selectbiosciences.com)

Unethical stem cells? (primr.org)

In somatic cells, the activity of telomerase, a reverse transcriptase that can elongate telomeric repeats, is usually diminished after birth so that the telomere length is gradually shortened with cell divisions, and triggers cellular senescence. (nature.com)

One of the next preclinical steps, according to the authors, is to evaluate, in the lab, differentiated patient-specific human embryonic stem cell lines for immune-system tolerance, therapeutic efficacy and safety. (scienceblog.com)
Also because that it is the patientsÐ²Ð‚™ own body making these somatic stem cells, they would not be rejected by the immune system. (freeessays.education)

The creators speak openly about how they themselves took part in this co-optation of society, either naively or with malignant indifference, by designing websites in such a way to influence and manipulate billions of people for corporate interests by using deep psychological and addictive triggers in the human mind. (thoughtmaybe.com)

The Mitalipov-led team is the first to demonstrate error-free editing of human embryos. (cosmosmagazine.com)

This is potentially a way to double the number of eggs we're able to get from one session of in vitro fertilization. (salk.edu)
We hope that by doing this, we can double the number of patient eggs available for in vitro fertilization. (salk.edu)

But there is no reason to believe these problems are insurmountable - and the potential value for human medicine is enormous. (spiked-online.com)
Embryonic stem cells are immortal, and have the potential to develop into any type of adult cell, even after months growing in culture dishes. (news-medical.net)
Currently, iPS cell lines show variability in their potential to produce mature cells. (medicalxpress.com)
On the other hand, embryonic stem cells have the ability to turn into any type of cell and therefore, have more potential for scientific use. (freeessays.education)
They are still developing and they have the potential to become any of the major specialized cell types within that organ. (cbc.ca)
In summary, LMNB1 may play a role in the early steps of PC progression, and additional molecular alterations may be needed to confer full malignancy potential to initiated cells. (bvsalud.org)

The regulation of telomere length and telomerase activity is a complex and dynamic process that is tightly linked to cell cycle regulation in human stem cells. (nature.com)
In most human somatic cells except for stem cells and lymphocytes, telomerase activity is diminished after birth so that telomere length shortens with each cell division. (nature.com)
Basically, given the difference of telomere and telomerase activity in human and mouse cells, the telomere and telomerase status in stem cell populations is different between humans and mice ( Harrington, 2004 ). (nature.com)

Anatomy60

Organisms17

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs62

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment56

Phenomena and Processes53

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science3

Named Groups4

Health Care2

Cloned human embryos3

Blastocyst16

Obtain embryonic stem1

Pluripotent20

Study embryonic stem1

Regenerative medicine4

Sperm22

Scientists35

Embryo27

Nucleus17

Parkinson's7

Researchers18

Genetically identical to the donor1

Genes8

Therapeutic potential2

Therapies8

Research85

Mesenchymal stem4

Oocyte2

Differentiation2

Generate6

Germ3

Clinical7

Somatic cell8

Organism9

Mammalian2

Ability to differentiate1

Tissue12

Genetic material4

Ethical5

Identical2

Reproductive10

Diseases6

Differentiate6

Hematopoietic stem2

Beings5

SCNT6

Reprogram1

Tissues2

Successfully1

Proliferative4

Mitochondrial2

Fetal1

Transgenic1

Bone2

Laboratory6

Divides5

Treatments1

Nuclei2

Diabetes2

Development8

Unethical1

Cellular1

Immune2

Manipulate1

Editing of human embryos1

Vitro fertilization2

Potential6

Telomerase activity3