• Loss of cell division cycle‑associated 5 promotes cell apoptosis by activating DNA damage response in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • Silencing oncogene cell division cycle associated 5 induces apoptosis and G1 phase arrest of non-small cell lung cancer cells via p53-p21 signaling pathway. (nih.gov)
  • Downregulation of CDCA5 Can Inhibit Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion, and Induce Apoptosis of Prostate Cancer Cells. (nih.gov)
  • BRCA1 expression mediates apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and decreased viability in response to doxorubicin treatment. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • These activate the ""late"" transcriptional reprogramming influencing DNA repair, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. (europa.eu)
  • These molecules are involved in cell division, metastasis, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and regulation of protein degradation. (pennmedicine.org)
  • Crypt hyperplasia in GCC-/- mice was associated with compensatory increases in cell migration and apoptosis. (jefferson.edu)
  • The generation of cellular models of drug resistance has been pivotal in unravelling the main effectors of resistance to traditional chemotherapy at the molecular level (i.e. intracellular drug inactivation, detoxifying systems, defects in DNA repair, apoptosis evasion, membrane transporters and cell adhesion). (nature.com)
  • In addition, cell cycle distribution analysis revealed that G0/G1 phase arrest was induced following pristimerin treatment in CAL‑27 and SCC‑25 cells, which was strongly associated with upregulation of p21 and p27, coupled with downregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin E. Meanwhile, pristimerin induced significant apoptosis of CAL‑27 and SCC‑25 cells, alongside decreased levels of caspase‑3 and specific cleavage of poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Pristimerin has also been reported to induce apoptosis of various human cancer cells, including in multiple myeloma ( 10 ), breast ( 11 ), liver ( 12 ), pancreatic ( 13 ) and prostate cancer ( 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Pristimerin exhibited potent anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects on the OSCC cell lines CAL-27 and SCC-25. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • If a cell has an error in its DNA that cannot be repaired, it may undergo self-destruction ( apoptosis ). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Apoptosis is a common process throughout life that helps the body get rid of cells that no longer work or that it doesn't need. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Apoptosis protects the body by removing genetically damaged cells that could lead to cancer, and it plays an important role in the development of the embryo and the maintenance of adult tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The coordinated changes in ncRNA and mRNA expression profiles revealed a set of miRNAs and their target genes with roles in cell cycle regulation/progression/control, apoptosis and proliferation. (cdc.gov)
  • The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)
  • During cell growth and proliferation, ubiquitin plays an outsized role in promoting progression through the cell cycle. (intechopen.com)
  • Progression through the cell cycle is driven by the oscillating activity of Cyclin Dependent Kinases (CDKs). (intechopen.com)
  • Prophase I arrest and progression to metaphase I in mouse oocytes are controlled by Emi1-dependent regulation of APC(Cdh1). (nih.gov)
  • Mitotic cell cycle progression is accomplished through a reproducible sequence of events, DNA replication (S phase) and mitosis (M phase) separated temporally by gaps known as G1 and G2 phases. (kegg.jp)
  • CDKs regulate the cell's progression through the phases of the cell cycle by modulating the activity of key substrates. (kegg.jp)
  • This specific project aims to identify sequences within caveolin involved in regulation of raft internalisation, cell cycle progression and anchorage-dependent cell growth. (europa.eu)
  • This objective integrates into a bigger project that also aims to identify molecular mechanisms by which caveolin regulates anchorage-dependent signalling pathways and cell cycle progression and to identify oncogenes that induce constitutive surface localization of rafts (and hence Rac), and/or changes in phosphocaveolin localization. (europa.eu)
  • Finally, GADD153 depletion significantly abrogates BRCA1 influence on cell cycle progression and cell death in response to doxorubicin treatment. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • CDK4 may be useful as a prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma and its kinase activity has been reported to promote the progression of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (rndsystems.com)
  • Second, it appears to block cell cycle progression, possibly via a down-regulation of CDK proteins. (rndsystems.com)
  • A vast amount of research exists on the possible molecular mechanisms through which vitamin D affects cancer cell proliferation, cancer progression, angiogenesis, and inflammation. (mdpi.com)
  • T he presence and activity of various proteins are required in the cell cycle progression. (ukessays.com)
  • Conclusion: p63, p16, MIB, Cal A, Cys A are markedly expressed and p16 is strongly suppressed in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that the latter protein may play a role in negative regulation of cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Immunohistochemical identification of molecular genetic events in the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell squamous-cell carcinoma enables early detection of lesions with the potential for malignant progression, thus permitting timely intervention 1,2 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Using differential microarray analysis, we identify target genes that provide the basis for the understanding of the molecular mechanism for the regulation of cell proliferation and transformation mediated by over-expression of the human ChoKalpha. (nih.gov)
  • Gene-Expression Analysis of Cell-Cycle Regulation Genes in Virus-Infected Rice Leaves. (routledge.com)
  • The homologs of LIN-9 in D. melanogaster and C. elegans are required for the transcriptional regulation of different genes. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • This and the fact, that LIN 9 cooperates with pRB in the activation of differentiation specific genes let to the hypothesis, that human LIN-9 could play an important role in the transcriptional regulation of genes. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • A focused survey of BRCA1 regulated genes in prostate carcinoma reveals that multiple regulators of genome stability and cell cycle control, including: BLM, FEN1, DDB2, H3F3B, BRCA2, CCNB2, MAD2L1 and GADD153, are direct transcriptional targets of BRCA1. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Dhar S . K. Functional analysis of replication and cell cycle regulated genes in Plasmodium falciparum The Wellcome Trust, UK (2003-08). (jnu.ac.in)
  • In human cells, the expression of ∼1,000 genes is modulated throughout the cell cycle. (iric.ca)
  • Although some of these genes are controlled by specific transcriptional programs, very little is known about their post-transcriptional regulation. (iric.ca)
  • How do genes control the growth and division of cells? (medlineplus.gov)
  • A variety of genes are involved in the control of cell growth and division. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The cell cycle has checkpoints (also called restriction points), which allow certain genes to check for problems and halt the cycle for repairs if something goes wrong. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Gene pathway analysis by RNA sequencing identified T(MM)-specific enrichment of genes involved in hormonal regulation and inflammatory responses. (cdc.gov)
  • A striking decrease in Skp2 mRNA and protein expression and reciprocal increase in p27 protein level were observed in three PA-treated prostate cancer cells. (iiarjournals.org)
  • While studying the activity of BRCA2 gene promoter in breast cancer cells, we discovered that this promoter has bi-directional activity and the product of the reverse activity (a ZAR1-like protein, we named ZAR2) silences the forward promoter at the G0/G1 phase of the cell. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Standard techniques like cell synchronization by serum starvation, flow cytometry, N-terminal or C-terminal FLAG epitope-tagged protein expression, immunofluorescence confocal microscopy, dual luciferase assay for promoter evaluation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were employed during this study. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We developed three novel RET fusion-positive ( RET +) patient-derived cancer cell lines, CUTO22 [kinesin 5B ( KIF5B )- RET fusion], CUTO32 ( KIF5B - RET fusion), and CUTO42 (echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4- RET fusion), to study RET signaling and response to therapy. (nih.gov)
  • We confirmed each of our cell lines expresses the RET fusion protein and assessed their sensitivity to RET inhibitors. (nih.gov)
  • We discovered that our RET + cell lines had differential regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (AKT) pathways. (nih.gov)
  • OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) on the cell cycle distribution and activities of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal molecules (ERK1/2, JNK1/2 and p38) in human embryo lung cells (HELF), and to investigate the relationship between alterations of MAPK protein phosphorylation and the cell cycle distributions. (uky.edu)
  • METHODS: The phosphorylation of MAPK were induced by exposing HELF cells to BaP at 0.1, 0.5, 2.5 and 12.5 micromol/L. The phosphorylation and protein expression levels of ERK1/2, JNK1/2 and p38 were determined through western-blotting assay. (uky.edu)
  • Cell division control protein 6 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDC6 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The subcellular translocation of this protein during the cell cycle is regulated through its phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinases. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cell cycle regulation of human CDC6 protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • Orthologous to human FBXO5 (F-box protein 5). (nih.gov)
  • We found that cytoplasmic linker protein 170 (CLIP170) was overexpressed in HNSCC tissues and cells compared to normal controls. (nih.gov)
  • ATO at non-cytotoxic level (1 μM) inhibited the migration and invasion of HNSCC cells by displacing zinc in the zinc finger motif of CLIP170, which is a key protein that controls microtubule dynamics. (nih.gov)
  • We have shown that Ypk1, a member of the AGC class of protein kinases conserved from yeast to humans, is the essential target of and activated via phosphorylation by the plasma membrane-associated TORC2 complex. (berkeley.edu)
  • The Wee1 class of protein-tyrosine kinase has an important role in cell cycle control. (berkeley.edu)
  • We investigated control mechanisms that regulate the activity, localization, and stability of Wee1, especially the bud neck-localized protein kinase Hsl1 and its more distant paralogs (Gin4 and Kcc4), in particular their recruitment to septin filaments, which assemble at the presumptive site of cell division. (berkeley.edu)
  • We also studied the roles of other classes of protein kinases (Cla4) and additional post-translational modifications (SUMOylation) in septin complex assembly, formation of different septin-based supramolecular ensembles, disassembly of septin-containing structures, and the function of septin organization in the events required for cell division and membrane septation during cytokinesis. (berkeley.edu)
  • Dies und die Tatsache, dass LIN-9 mit pRB in der Aktivierung differenzierungspezifischer Gene kooperiert, ließ vermuten, dass humanes LIN-9 einen bedeutenden Einfluss auf die transkriptionelle Regulation Das humane LIN-9 wurde zuerst als pRB-interagierendes Protein beschrieben und spielt eine Rolle als Tumorsuppressor im Kontext des pRB-Signalweges. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • The human LIN-9 Protein was first identified as a novel pRB-interacting Protein which acts as a tumorsuppressor in context of the pRB-pathway. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • Thus, the The human LIN-9 Protein was first identified as a novel pRB-interacting Protein which acts as a tumorsuppressor in context of the pRB-pathway. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • Novel tumour-specific RNA-protein interacting partners may serve as candidates to selectively induce cell death in tumour cells. (europa.eu)
  • The human protein shares 94% and 95% aa sequence identity with the mouse and rat orthologs, respectively. (rndsystems.com)
  • In close agreement, induction of GCC signaling in mucosal sheets ex vivo and intestinal cells in vitro inhibited proliferation by activating cGMP-dependent protein kinase and delaying the cell cycle at the G1/S transition. (jefferson.edu)
  • Rajnarayanan's team has developed human computer interface (HCI) devices using 3-D printed protein models to generate functionally relevant clusters of simulated structural interactomics data to accelerate compound discovery. (nyit.edu)
  • The underlying mechanisms of these effects were primarily mediated by G 1 phase cell cycle arrest and inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulate kinase 1/2 (Erk 1/2) and protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • 1) The regulation of these protein levels is vital for the understanding of the cell cycle control and its dysregulation. (ukessays.com)
  • 2) Therefore, the proper control of protein levels is crucial for the cell cycle. (ukessays.com)
  • In the longer run, this also means better understanding of cells in the context of health and disease, since protein malfunction and mislocalization are two important factors during disease development. (kth.se)
  • Using an antibody-based imaging approach, Paper I contains a subcellular map of 12 003 protein in 30 different cellular structures, freely accessible as part of the Human Protein Atlas (www.proteinatlas.org). (kth.se)
  • Apart from enabling exploration of the organellar proteomes, we conclude that half of the human proteins localize to multiple compartments, and that almost one fifth display cell-to-cell variations in terms of protein expression. (kth.se)
  • The algorithm was capable of classifying protein location in images containing several challenging localization problems, such as multilocalizing proteins, cell line variations and rare classes. (kth.se)
  • Paper IV presents a systematic dissection of the variable proteome drafted in Paper I. We show evidence for 539 proteins being correlated to cell cycle variations, of which a minority are also cycling at a transcriptional level, suggesting protein regulation at a translational or post-translational level. (kth.se)
  • Another protein, calgranulin A (Cal A), is involved in the regulation of several cell processes, including the cell cycle and cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
  • 1 nM IC 50 ) to inhibition of two cell cycle-regulating proteins, polo-like kinase 1 and Aurora kinase A. Finally, we show that two of these cell lines, CUTO32 and CUTO42, successfully establish xenografted tumors in nude mice. (nih.gov)
  • Hinck's lab has identified a family of cellular proteins that help regulate cell proliferation and migration and act as breast tumor suppressors. (ucsc.edu)
  • Recent work has shown that these proteins are also involved in hormonal regulation of breast cancer cells. (ucsc.edu)
  • In this project, I will employ biochemical, cell, systems biology and computational approaches to study the relevance of post-transcriptional regulators such as RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs in DDR. (europa.eu)
  • Quantitative proteomics will be applied to identify the differentially mRNA-bound proteins after the exposure of human cultured cells to ionizing radiation. (europa.eu)
  • Through virtual models, his 2004 study centered on the potential for old drugs to target the coronavirus's main enzyme catalyzing the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids, an essential process for the propagation of the coronaviral life cycle. (nyit.edu)
  • Here, we analyze the expression signature associated with all 687 RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and identify 39 that significantly correlate with cell cycle mRNAs. (iric.ca)
  • Additionally, we detected hundreds of proteins with previously unknown relations to mitosis and the cell cycle, many being linked to proliferation and oncogenic functions. (kth.se)
  • Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as secretory processes, phagocytose of apoptotic cells and epithelial cell polarization. (lu.se)
  • Involved in regulation of mitotic cell cycle. (nih.gov)
  • The human rotamase or peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1 is a conserved mitotic regulator essential for the G2/M transition of the eukaryotic cell cycle. (rcsb.org)
  • We show that depletion of SMD components increases the binding of mitotic mRNAs to the NF45-NF90 complex and rescues cells from mitotic defects. (iric.ca)
  • The damaged cells did not successfully enter M phase nor were they stably blocked at G2 phase but underwent mitotic skipping and entered G1 phase as tetraploid cells, ultimately leading to senescence in G1. (bvsalud.org)
  • Numerous E3 ubiquitin ligases, which facilitate the ubiquitination of specific substrates, have been shown to control G1/S. In this chapter, we will discuss components in the ubiquitin proteasome system that are implicated in G1/S control, how these enzymes are interconnected, gaps in our current knowledge, and the potential role of these pathways in the cancer cycle and disease proliferation. (intechopen.com)
  • A critical length of telomere repeats is required to ensure proper telomere function and avoid the activation of DNA damage pathways that result in replicative senescence or cell death. (nature.com)
  • Eukaryotic cells respond to DNA damage by activating signaling pathways that promote cell cycle arrest and DNA repair. (kegg.jp)
  • We are using genetics, genomics and biochemical approaches to establish unknown pathways involved in these cellular events and attempting to develop models that explain how gammaherpesviruses establish transformation in human cells. (pennmedicine.org)
  • HIV) exploit endocytic pathways to gain entry into cells, and defects in the endocytic machinery can lead to diseases such as cancer. (cshlpress.com)
  • Contributors describe how cargo enters the cell via clathrin-mediated and clathrin-independent pathways, including caveolar endocytosis, micropinocytosis, cholesterol-sensitive endocytosis, phagocytosis, and the CLIC/GEEC pathway. (cshlpress.com)
  • Further, the identified pathways and signaling networks also revealed MWCNT potential to trigger pulmonary and cardiovascular effects as well as carcinogenic outcomes in humans, similar to those previously described in rodents exposed to MWCNTs. (cdc.gov)
  • These findings define a novel transcriptional pathway through which BRCA1 orchestrates cell fate decisions in response to genotoxic insults, and suggest that BRCA1 status should be considered for new chemotherapeutic treatment strategies in prostate cancer. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Here, we report a novel molecular target and antimetastatic mechanism of ATO in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). (nih.gov)
  • This raises the possibility of phosphorylation-mediated control of Pin1-substrate interactions in cell cycle regulation. (rcsb.org)
  • Cell cycle distribution was determined using flow cytometry and a fluorescent ubiquitin-based cell cycle indicator (FUCCI) system combined with histone H3 phosphorylation at Ser10 (pS10 H3) detection. (bvsalud.org)
  • Camilla Forsberg studies how the different types of blood cells develop from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. (ucsc.edu)
  • Bone marrow stem cells, including the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), are being considered as potential targets for cell and gene therapy-based approaches against a variety of different diseases. (hindawi.com)
  • We have demonstrated that phenylacetate(PA)-induced cell cycle arrest in human prostate cancer is mediated by increase of p27. (iiarjournals.org)
  • 1) For example, the down-regulation of miR15s and miR - 16 - 1 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, prostate cancer and pituitary tumours, leading to the inhibition of tumour growth and induce cell cycle arrest at the G 1 - phase by target cell cycle regulators ( cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin D3 and CDK6). (ukessays.com)
  • We address this question using CDK4/6 inhibitors, which arrest cells in G0/G1 and are licensed to treat advanced HR+/HER2- breast cancer. (bvsalud.org)
  • Objective: To investigate the fate and underlying mechanisms of G2 phase arrest in cancer cells elicited by ionizing radiation (IR). (bvsalud.org)
  • Results: Tumor cells suffered severe DNA damage and underwent G2 arrest after IR treatment. (bvsalud.org)
  • Telomerase can add telomeric repeats onto the chromosome ends, and prevents the replication-dependent loss of telomere and cellular senescence in highly proliferative cells of the germline and in the majority of cancers ( Blasco, 2005 ). (nature.com)
  • Caveolin sporadic mutations occurring in human cancers will be tested for these effects. (europa.eu)
  • We are currently pursuing a number of these molecules in an effort to demonstrate their biochemical, structural and functional relevance in human cancers. (pennmedicine.org)
  • Our laboratory is involved in the elucidation of the mechanisms by which KSHV persists and establishes persistent infection in the associated human cancers. (pennmedicine.org)
  • Although BK virus, JC virus, and simian virus 40 are tumorigenic in experimental animals and can transform mammalian cells in vitro, no convincing epidemiologic evidence exists for their role in human cancers. (cdc.gov)
  • In this study, we further investigated the mechanism of PA-induced p27 expression in prostate cancer cells (LNCaP, androgen-independent LNCaP [AIDL] and PC-3). (iiarjournals.org)
  • In vitro ubiquitination assay showed a decreased p27 ubquitination in PA-treated prostate cancer cells. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Our results suggest that PA attenuated Skp2 expression, thereby inhibiting ubiquitination and promoting p27 accumulation in all three prostate cancer cell lines. (iiarjournals.org)
  • In addition, this novel oncogene has been recently defined as a prognostic factor in human cancer, and as a promising target for therapy since its specific inhibitors display efficient antitumoral activity in vivo. (nih.gov)
  • The notion could be that unique cellular mechanisms are triggered in the breast cancer cells to stimulate BRCA2 gene expression as a temporary measure to regulate the growth of the breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Notably, the G1/S boundary represents a major barrier to cell proliferation and is universally dysfunctional in cancer cells, allowing for the unbridled proliferation observed in malignancy. (intechopen.com)
  • SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We have derived and characterized three novel rearranged during transfection (RET) fusion non-small cell lung cancer cell lines and demonstrated that they have differential responses to RET inhibition as well as regulation of downstream signaling, an area that has previously been limited by a lack of diverse cell line modes with endogenous RET fusions. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, even in stem cells, except for embryonal stem cells and cancer stem cells, telomere shortening occurs during replicative ageing, possibly at a slower rate than that in normal somatic cells. (nature.com)
  • Thus, telomerase activity and telomere maintenance are associated with the immortality of cancer cells, germ-line cells, and embryonic stem (ES) cells. (nature.com)
  • Cancer research at UC Santa Cruz includes faculty in a wide range of departments, including Applied Math and Statistics, Biomolecular Engineering, Chemistry and Biochemistry, Electrical Engineering, Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, and Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology. (ucsc.edu)
  • Angela Brooks is developing computational and experimental approaches to determine which mutations in cancer cells are functionally important. (ucsc.edu)
  • The Crews lab isolates and characterizes unique chemicals from marine sponges and microorganisms, searching for compounds with potential therapeutic value in treating human diseases, including cancer. (ucsc.edu)
  • Cells show extraordinary diversity in size and shape, and cancer cells often have abnormal sizes and shapes. (ucsc.edu)
  • Kim uses stem cells and mouse models of cancer to examine how lncRNAs are involved in epigenetic reprogramming. (ucsc.edu)
  • Integrin signals mediate anchorage-dependence of cell growth, while growth of cancer cells is anchorage-independent. (europa.eu)
  • Cyclin dependent kinases are a key family of kinases involved in cell cycle regulation and are an attractive target for cancer chemotherapy. (rcsb.org)
  • We conducted a systematic review of the literature on the effects of vitamin D on ovarian cancer cell. (mdpi.com)
  • Recently, signaling by GCC and its downstream effector, cyclic GMP (cGMP) has emerged as a principal regulator of proliferation in human colon cancer cells. (jefferson.edu)
  • Together with the uniform over-expression of GCC in human tumors, and the standard of care in which hormone deficiencies are treated by replacement therapy, the role of GCC as a tumor suppressor underscores the potential of oral administration of GCC ligands for targeted prevention and therapy of colorectal cancer. (jefferson.edu)
  • Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck malignant tumor and is ranked the eighth leading cause of cancer worldwide. (nature.com)
  • In addition, the novel cancer stem cell paradigm raises the prospect of cell-targeted therapies instead of treatment directed against the whole tumour. (nature.com)
  • Subsequent improved understanding of the molecular alterations present in the cancer cell has enabled the development of targeted therapies for some forms of cancer. (nature.com)
  • however, the antitumor effects and underlying mechanisms of pristimerin in oral cancer cells have not yet been identified. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • For instance, overexpression of cyclins or the elimination of CDK inhibitors or pRB due to genetic mutation are common cause in human cancer. (ukessays.com)
  • Disruption of normal regulation of the cell cycle can lead to diseases such as cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • On the other hand, the infiltration of organs by a monoclonal population of aberrant cells, the possibility of lethal evolution, and the cancer-based modalities of successful treatment are all consistent with a neoplastic process. (medscape.com)
  • Cancer stem cells are a population of slow-cycling cells within the tumour bulk, with self-renewal capacity that attracts interest as a therapeutic target. (lu.se)
  • In highly heterogeneous tumours, like pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) however, the characterisation of cancer stem cells has led to controversial results due to the lack of consensus on specific markers. (lu.se)
  • Here we investigated the characteristics of a population of pancreatic cancer tumorspheres derived from different human pancreatic cancer cell lines and a primary line from a genetically engineered KPC mouse model, using flow cytometry and western blotting to analyse surface and stemness markers. (lu.se)
  • A prospective of five cervical cancer screening tests assessed the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (who.int)
  • Transcriptomic profiling of T-cell populations in non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive bladder cancer. (lu.se)
  • Choline kinase alpha (ChoKalpha) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of phospholipids recently found to play a relevant role in the regulation of cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation and human carcinogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • KSHV is the second human oncogenic herpesvirus, associated with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and pleural effusion lymphomas (PELs) or body cavity based lymphomas (BCBLs). (pennmedicine.org)
  • Xenograft studies using human prostate carcinoma PC3 cells demonstrate that BRCA1 depletion results in increased tumor growth. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Many tumor microenvironments, including lymphoma and carcinoma, are enriched in immune suppressive cells that contribute to immune exhaustion by means expression of inhibitory ligands, suppressive cytokines, and tumor-promoting factors. (researchgate.net)
  • Different regions of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have particular histopathological and molecular characteristics limiting the standard tumor−node−metastasis prognosis classification. (nature.com)
  • In the present study, the anticancer potential of pristimerin was investigated in two oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines, CAL‑27 and SCC‑25. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Because it is very invasive, the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is poor ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • We investigated whether Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patients in France carry Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) and then identified strain variations. (cdc.gov)
  • A new virus, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), recently was discovered in humans with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a relatively rare, aggressive primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma. (cdc.gov)
  • Methods: fifteen histological specimens of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip were obtained from the Department of Oral Pathology, Bahia Federal University. (bvsalud.org)
  • Other markers, such as retinoblastoma and p53, may be related with early steps of carcinogenesis in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)
  • risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (who.int)
  • Mesquita HB, Gross M, Helzlsouer K, Jacobs EJ, mous cell carcinoma in a high-risk region in Iran. (who.int)
  • In that context, differentiated enterocytes in villi exhibit higher guanylin expression and ligand-dependent cGMP accumulation compared to proliferating progenitor cells in crypts. (jefferson.edu)
  • Crypt expansion reflected hyperplasia of the proliferating compartment with reciprocal increases in rapidly cycling progenitor cells and reductions in differentiated cells of the secretory lineage, including Paneth and goblet, but not enteroendocrine, cells. (jefferson.edu)
  • NIEHS research uses state-of-the-art science and technology to investigate the interplay between environmental exposures, human biology, genetics, and common diseases to help prevent disease and improve human health. (nih.gov)
  • Doug Kellogg's lab is working to elucidate these mechanisms, using biochemistry, genetics, and mathematical modeling to understand signaling networks that are required for control of cell size and cell growth. (ucsc.edu)
  • These studies will contribute to a better understanding of adhesion-dependent signalling and anchorage-dependence of cell growth, and therefore to the pathogenesis of the malignant disease. (europa.eu)
  • The significant changes in several miRNAs and mRNAs expression as well as their regulatory networks are important for getting molecular insights into the MWCNT-induced toxicity and pathogenesis in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • The pathogenesis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is unknown. (medscape.com)
  • Cell cycle adaptations of embryonic stem cells. (nih.gov)
  • Indeed, the potent pathotropic migratory properties of BMSCs and ability to circumvent both the complications associated with immune rejection of allogenic cells and many of the moral reasons associated with embryonic stem cell use suggest that BMSCs are most promising stem cells as a potential target for the clinical use of genetically engineered stem cells [ 14 , 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The molecular basis to understand the connection between phospholipids metabolism and cell cycle regulation through choline kinase is reported. (nih.gov)
  • While BRCA2 expression is involved in cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair, the mechanisms of cell cycle-dependent regulation of BRCA2 gene expression remains elusive. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The mechanisms by which cells control their growth and size are poorly understood and represent a fundamental unsolved problem in cell biology. (ucsc.edu)
  • Transmembrane and intracellular signal transduction mechanisms are the focus of our group, especially understanding how extracellular stimuli control cell growth and division, cell morphology, and gene expression at the biochemical level. (berkeley.edu)
  • The degree is unique within the University because it emphasizes the mechanisms of human function, adaptation, health and disease, as well as the fundamental process of science, and research methods in investigating human physiology. (gonzaga.edu)
  • We are investigating the fundamental mechanisms utilized by these gammaherpesviruses to induce cell mediated growth transformation. (pennmedicine.org)
  • Rab GTPases, tethering factors, and retromer) that transport cargo through endosomes and deliver it to lysosomes or recycle it back to the cell surface, and the signals and mechanisms governing these sorting decisions. (cshlpress.com)
  • The mechanisms by which overgrowth primes cells to withdraw from the cell cycle remain unknown. (bvsalud.org)
  • These data highlight the utility of new RET+ models to elucidate differences in response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and downstream signaling regulation. (nih.gov)
  • Our RET+ cell lines effectively recapitulate the interpatient heterogeneity observed in response to RET inhibitors and reveal opportunities for alternative or combination therapies. (nih.gov)
  • These data offer important insight into regulation of response to RET tyrosine kinase inhibitors and other potential therapeutic targets. (nih.gov)
  • Three chemical inhibitors of MAPK (AG126, SP600125 and SB203580) could significantly inhibit the cell cycle alteration because of BaP treatment. (uky.edu)
  • Cyclin-CDK inhibitors (CKIs), such as p16Ink4a, p15Ink4b, p27Kip1, and p21Cip1, are involved in the negative regulation of CDK activities, thus providing a pathway through which the cell cycle is negatively regulated. (kegg.jp)
  • In comparison, the other available flu antiviral medications, which are "neuraminidase inhibitors," do not directly interrupt replication within an infected cell, but instead work to prevent new copies of the virus from leaving the infected cell and spreading to healthy cells. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 2 ] Options for second-line therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory disease include chemotherapy-free regimens with biologic targeted agents such as covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, lenalidomide,venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Basically, given the difference of telomere and telomerase activity in human and mouse cells, the telomere and telomerase status in stem cell populations is different between humans and mice ( Harrington, 2004 ). (nature.com)
  • Philipp was trained as a hard-core biochemist and in his own lab uses extensively genetically modified mice to study cell cycle regulation and human disease. (lu.se)
  • The use of human telomerase reverse transcriptase-immortalized bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hTERT-BMSCs) as vehicles to deliver antinociceptive galanin (GAL) molecules into pain-processing centers represents a novel cell therapy strategy for pain management. (hindawi.com)
  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a group of idiopathic disorders characterized by the presence of cells with characteristics similar to bone marrow-derived Langerhans cells juxtaposed against a backdrop of hematopoietic cells, including T-cells, macrophages, and eosinophils. (medscape.com)
  • The epidermis is derived primarily from surface ectoderm but is colonized by pigment-containing melanocytes of neural crest origin, antigen-processing Langerhans cells of bone marrow origin, and pressure-sensing Merkel cells of neural crest origin. (medscape.com)
  • After being promoted to Senior Investigator, he moved to Singapore where he worked at the Institute of Molecular Cell Biology (IMCB/A*STAR/National University of Singapore). (lu.se)
  • and negative regulation of meiotic nuclear division. (nih.gov)
  • BACKGROUND/AIM: P21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor regulating the cell cycle as a tumor suppressor. (bvsalud.org)
  • KSHV infects human B-cells and endothelial cells. (pennmedicine.org)
  • i.p) or vehicle administered 24 hours after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) on behavior, angiogenesis, ultra-structural integrity of brain capillary endothelial cells, and expression of EPO and VEGF were assessed. (researchgate.net)
  • These results suggested that catalpol might contribute to infarcted-brain angiogenesis and ameliorate the edema of brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) by upregulating VEGF and EPO coordinately. (researchgate.net)
  • New antitumor strategies using drugs targeted to intracellular signaling involved in cell proliferation and survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis have become promising in recent years. (researchgate.net)
  • 10) Therefore, it is important to evaluate its role in the cell cycle and its dysregulation. (ukessays.com)
  • [ 3 ] Taken together, these findings have led some to speculate that LCH is not a specific disease of epidermal Langerhans cells, but rather one of mononuclear phagocyte dysregulation. (medscape.com)
  • The mutations of BRCA2 gene predispose the cells towards neoplastic development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The presence of neoplastic islands, classified as large or small according to the number of cells in the ITF, has been described as the most aggressive pattern compared to tumors with a more uniform growth pattern, as tumor invasion occurs in a more widespread manner as cellular islands or single cells 4 . (nature.com)
  • In fact, low levels of telomerase activity have been found in human adult stem cells including haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic stem cells such as neuronal, skin, intestinal crypt, mammary epithelial, pancreas, adrenal cortex, kidney, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ( Table 1 ). (nature.com)
  • In human males, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues, such as the testis and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics, such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair. (cdc.gov)
  • Overgrown cells experience replication stress, resulting in a second p21 wave that promotes cell cycle withdrawal from G2 or the subsequent G1. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSION: ERK1/2, JNK1/2 and p38 could positively regulate the BaP independently induced cell cycle alterations. (uky.edu)
  • This fundamental process of cellular ingestion is required for diverse activities such as nutrient uptake, cell adhesion and migration, signal transduction, cytokinesis, neurotransmission, and antigen presentation. (cshlpress.com)
  • Expression of p63 is almost exclusively restricted to epithelial cells, mutations in this gene are infrequent, and its expression is increased in a variety of solid tumors, particularly those of the head and neck area 12,13 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Of note, recent genomic studies demonstrate activating, somatic BRAF mutations in the majority of human specimens. (medscape.com)
  • In somatic cells, the activity of telomerase, a reverse transcriptase that can elongate telomeric repeats, is usually diminished after birth so that the telomere length is gradually shortened with cell divisions, and triggers cellular senescence. (nature.com)
  • this limitation has been overcome via ectopic expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic component of telomerase, to produce large quantities of these cells as an attractive source for cellular transplantation [ 16 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • It is thus an indispensable reference for cell biologists, but also for neuroscientists, immunologists, developmental biologists, microbiologists, and others concerned with the physiological and therapeutic implications of this key cellular process. (cshlpress.com)
  • The term Langerhans cell histiocytosis is generally preferred to the older term, histiocytosis X. This newer name emphasizes the histogenesis of the condition by specifying the type of lesional cell and removes the connotation of the unknown ("X") because its cellular basis has now been clarified. (medscape.com)
  • Specifically, a variety of other cellular populations have been identified that possess phenotypic characteristics similar to Langerhans cells, including expression of CD207 and Birbeck granules. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, in addition to epidermal Langerhans cells, other potential cellular origins for LCH include dermal langerin + dendritic cells, lymphoid tissue-resident langerin + dendritic cells, and monocytes that can be induced by local environmental stimuli to acquire a Langerhans cell phenotype. (medscape.com)
  • All seeding densities should be based on cell counts gained by established methods. (abcam.com)
  • Methods: Human melanoma A375 and 92-1 cells were treated with X-rays radiation or Aurora A inhibitor MLN8237 (MLN) and/or p21 depletion by small interfering RNA (siRNA). (bvsalud.org)
  • BRCA1 plays numerous roles in the regulation of genome integrity and chemoresistance. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • The significance of loss of GCC ligands early in intestinal tumorigenesis remains obscure because (patho)physiological roles of GCC signaling in intestine, beyond regulation of intestinal fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, are poorly defined. (jefferson.edu)
  • BACKGROUND: As the application of carbon nanotube s (CNT) in consumer products continues to rise, studies have expanded to determine the associated risks of exposure on human and environmental health. (cdc.gov)
  • However, to date the potential markers of MWCNT exposure are not yet explored in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • However, the mechanism by which this enzyme is involved in the regulation of these processes is not yet understood. (nih.gov)
  • The Bachelor of Science degree in Human Physiology provides a comprehensive examination of human body form and function from the molecular level to the whole organism. (gonzaga.edu)
  • This examination begins with an introduction to fundamental physical and life sciences and is followed by in-depth study in all aspects of human anatomy, physiology, and function. (gonzaga.edu)
  • This in-depth study includes human movement and biomechanics as well as applied physiology of exercise and physical activity, advanced systems physiology, and physiology of health and disease. (gonzaga.edu)
  • Because several courses may double-count for both the University Core Curriculum and the Human Physiology degree, the total credits needed to complete the University Core and Human Physiology degree is 104 credits. (gonzaga.edu)
  • Therefore, Human Physiology majors have a minimum of 24 additional elective credits to complete a minor and/or specific prerequisite courses for graduate or professional school. (gonzaga.edu)
  • An introduction to the fundamentals of writing scientific reports and manuscripts of experimental research, with special emphasis on research in human physiology. (gonzaga.edu)
  • Furthermore, ATO dysregulated microtubule polymerization via the CLIP170/LIS1/NDEL1/dynein signaling pathway in Cal27 cells as a functional consequence of CLIP170 zinc finger disruption. (nih.gov)
  • FRT T cell subset fluctuations were discovered that synchronized to cycle-driven CCR5 signaling. (cdc.gov)
  • As stem cells have elongated proliferative capacity, they should have a mechanism that maintains telomere length through many cell divisions. (nature.com)
  • Badal, S., Smith, K. N., and Rajnarayanan, R. V. (2017) "Analysis of Natural Product Regulation of Cannabinoid Receptors in the Treatment of Human Disease. (nyit.edu)
  • Although traditionally associated with the last stages of the disease, recent findings with minimally transformed pretumorigenic primary human cells indicate that the ability to generate drug resistance arises early during the tumorigenic process, before the full transformation. (nature.com)
  • BACKGROUND: The overexpression, accumulation, and cell-to-cell transmission of α-synuclein leads to the deterioration of Parkinson's disease (PD). (bvsalud.org)
  • The expression of BRCA2 gene is silenced at the G0/G1 phase of cell growth and is de-silenced at the S/G2 phase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BRCA2 gene expression is tightly regulated during the cell cycle in human breast cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Subcellular location of ZAR2 and its expression from the reverse promoter of the BRCA2 gene are stringently regulated in a cell cycle dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ZAR2 binds to BRCA2/ZAR2 bi-directional promoter in vivo and is responsible, at least in part, for the silencing of BRCA2 gene expression in the G0/G1 phase in human breast cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BRCA2 gene expression is stringently regulated during the cell cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Integrated analysis of dysregulated ncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in humans exposed to carbon nanotube s. (cdc.gov)
  • CONCLUSION: This study is the first to investigate aberrant changes in mRNA and ncRNA expression profiles in the blood of humans exposed to MWCNT. (cdc.gov)