• The two species were thought to have interbred around 50,000 to 60,000 years ago , based on the Neanderthal DNA found in anatomically modern human specimens and people living today. (csmonitor.com)
  • A panel of experts in Nebraska has declared human dung more appealing than that of several other species. (fieldofscience.com)
  • These various human species have an EXTREMELY high phenotypical variation between them. (stackexchange.com)
  • So, the question is: how could interspecies wrestling fights be fair if all the various human species are EXTREMELY different both in terms of size (volume, mass, and height), and in terms of physical strength? (stackexchange.com)
  • Like languages between humans, these signals vary between species. (asm.org)
  • Especially in more social species, communication can be very complex and nuanced (in some instances looking more familiar to human language than we previously imagined). (paulekman.com)
  • His groundbreaking anatomical system for identifying facial movement in humans has been adapted for an array of animal species, including various primates, dogs, cats, and horses. (paulekman.com)
  • The coding of facial anatomy and expression within humans and chimpanzees has shown striking similarities, leading to greater comparability of emotional expressions across species. (paulekman.com)
  • We are within the Anthropocene, whereupon the actions of humans are the cause of fundamental changes in the earth's atmosphere and the capacity for species survival. (mediamatic.net)
  • The authors aim to counter widespread ecological illiteracy, indifference and callousness towards other humans and other species. (springer.com)
  • Today, Garry and her husband Dan, a transplant cardiologist, are pioneers in the field of interspecies chimera research, the study of organisms containing cells from two different species. (the-scientist.com)
  • Some researchers are attempting to use stem cells to bioengineer human organs in the lab in vitro , rather than inside another species (5). (the-scientist.com)
  • Do endangered species face human conflict? (gviusa.com)
  • Developments like the Internet of Things will add more points of contact into the internet, and as humans discover new ways to help other species interact with it, that interspecies communication will only expand. (theverge.com)
  • Interspecies Campus reimagines the Roskilde University campus as a space for interspecies living, which involves acknowledging the agency and voices of all species, and constructing human infrastructure with other species in mind. (superflex.net)
  • Interspecies allogrooming occurs when animals of two different species groom each other. (pictures-of-cats.org)
  • While it sounds unconventional, this inter-species collaboration explores the relationship between humans and nature. (flipboard.com)
  • Andrew Bowman] So, pigs can be infected with human, swine, and avian origin influenza A viruses, and if they are infected with influenza A viruses from different species at the same time it is possible for the eight genes segments from each of these viruses to mix and then create a novel virus that could impact human or animal health. (cdc.gov)
  • Interspecies hydrogen transfer (IHT) is a form of interspecies electron transfer. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study suggests that our wordless ancestors may have evolved these gestures as a form of interspecies communication, long before civilization took shape. (iflscience.com)
  • Injected PON1 protects against OP poisoning in rodent model systems and interspecies differences in PON1 activity correlate well with observed median lethal dose (LD50) values. (cdc.gov)
  • Transposable elements have entered our genome as mobile elements, causing major interspecies differences in the composition of the genome. (lu.se)
  • In this review, we summarize the history of interspecies chimerism in various animal models to find hints for BC application and describe the challenges and prospects of utilizing BC for human organ generation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Researchers in Jun Wu's lab compare normal mouse embryos (left) to horse-mouse chimeric embryos (right) to identify barriers to interspecies chimerism. (the-scientist.com)
  • The interspecies allometric scaling factor is therefore not required. (europa.eu)
  • Default Assessment Factor for extrapolation from rats to humans as indicated in Guidance on IR and CSA chapter R8. (europa.eu)
  • These results confirmed the interspecies variability of CYP3A regulation in hepatocytes and raised the question of its mechanism of induction by macrolides in human liver. (aspetjournals.org)
  • From cetaceans to non-human primates, sound and gestures are just some of the ways in which they "speak" - and, as revealed by a new PLOS Biology study, two of our closest relatives, bonobos and chimpanzees, share plenty of common, meaningful gestures. (iflscience.com)
  • Sanides developed this hypothesis based on his observations of the cortex of humans, non-human primates, cats, and rats and on the works of Raymon Dart ( 1934 ) on the cortex of reptiles and Andrew A. Abbie ( 1940 , 1942 ) on the cortex of marsupials and monotremes [see Table 2 in GarcĂ­a-Cabezas et al. (springer.com)
  • The present study sought to determine whether doses of methamphetamine in the range of those used recreationally by humans produce brain dopamine (DA) neurotoxicity in baboons and to ascertain whether positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with the DA transporter (DAT) ligand [ 11 C]WIN-35,428 ([ 11 C]2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-fluorophenyl)-tropane) could be used to detect methamphetamine-induced DAT loss in living primates. (jneurosci.org)
  • These results indicate that methamphetamine, at doses used by some humans, produces long-term reductions in brain DA axonal markers in baboons, and that it is possible to detect methamphetamine-induced DAT loss in living nonhuman primates by means of PET. (jneurosci.org)
  • Isolation of similar retroviruses in nonhuman primates, simian T-cell lymphotropic viruses (STLV), STLV-1, STLV-2, and STLV-3, have also been discovered, suggesting that HTLV arose as an interspecies transmission between monkeys and humans. (medscape.com)
  • Animals involved in RESTV outbreaks in the Philippines were non-human primates and domestic pigs. (who.int)
  • As a consequence, a large portion of genetic information specific to primates and humans is stored in transposable elements. (lu.se)
  • Researchers discovered early modern human DNA in a Neanderthal genome. (csmonitor.com)
  • Scenario of interbreeding between modern humans and Neanderthals: Neanderthal DNA in present-day humans outside Africa originates from interbreeding that occurred 47,000 - 65,000 years ago (green arrow). (csmonitor.com)
  • Ever since geneticists sequenced the first Neanderthal genome in 2010, researchers have been reporting just how related humans are to their ancient, extinct cousins. (csmonitor.com)
  • The wound that ultimately killed a Mesopotamian (modern day Iraq) 'Neanderthal' (Neanderthal became the colloquial name over time) between 50,000 and 75,000 years was most likely caused by a thrown spear, the kind modern humans used but Neanderthals did not, according to Duke University-led research. (science20.com)
  • To take human organ generation via BC and transplantation to the next step, we reviewed current emerging organ generation technologies and the associated efficiency of chimera formation in human cells from the standpoint of developmental biology. (frontiersin.org)
  • These challenges can be overcome by a multifaceted approach, especially by filling in the knowledge gaps on the mechanisms of interspecies chimera formation. (frontiersin.org)
  • In ancient history, humans used the term "chimera" to describe mythical creatures and hybrids. (frontiersin.org)
  • Churchill is the first author of a new report now posted online in the Journal of Human Evolution on the long-ago incident in what is now Iraq. (science20.com)
  • The coding DNA in humans and chimpanzees are close to identical, yet we are very different. (lu.se)
  • In an attempt to answer that, they used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to generate neural progenitors from both humans and chimpanzees, which is our closest living relative in evolutionary terms. (lu.se)
  • This enabled them to identify a Zinc finger protein (ZNF) specifically expressed in humans and not chimpanzees and demonstrate that the human-specific ZNF (named ZNF558) is crucial for both mitochondrial homeostasis and early human brain development. (lu.se)
  • In contrast to the coding parts of our genomes, where humans and chimpanzees are close to identical, the non-coding parts show great interspecies variation. (lu.se)
  • This study provides a concrete example of how the non-coding part of the genome can influence the process of brain development differently between humans and chimpanzees. (lu.se)
  • Neanderthals and modern humans mated 50,000 years earlier than we thought, scientists say. (csmonitor.com)
  • Modern human DNA in Neanderthals is likely a consequence of earlier contact between the two groups roughly 100,000 years ago (red arrow). (csmonitor.com)
  • As it turns out, non-African modern humans have Neanderthals to thank for 1 to 4 percent of their DNA. (csmonitor.com)
  • Neanderthals were stoutly-built and human-like and lived at the same time and in the same areas as some modern humans. (science20.com)
  • Considering that humans strolled up to Central Asia and Siberia approximately 40,000 years ago , it's perfectly plausible that anatomically modern humans and Neanderthals once saw these 3.5-tonne juggernauts in the flesh. (iflscience.com)
  • A particularly intriguing piece of information provided in this study, is that the ZNF558 expression is controlled by a non-coding DNA sequence, which is structurally different between humans and chimpanzee. (lu.se)
  • An MRL is an estimate of the daily human exposure to a hazardous substance that is likely to be without appreciable risk of adverse noncancer health effects over a specified duration of exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Assessing human health risks of chemicals: derivation of guidance values for health-based exposure limits. (inchem.org)
  • Public health officials and others concerned with appropriate actions to take at hazardous waste sites may want information on levels of exposure associated with more subtle effects in humans or animals (LOAELs) or exposure levels below which no adverse effects (NOAELs) have been observed. (cdc.gov)
  • Estimates of exposure levels posing minimal risk to humans (Minimal Risk Levels or MRLs) have been made for chlorine dioxide and chlorite. (cdc.gov)
  • As these kinds of health effects data become available and methods to assess levels of significant human exposure improve, these MRLs will be revised. (cdc.gov)
  • Assessing human health risks of chemicals: derivation of guidance values for health-based exposure limits. (cdc.gov)
  • Since the 1995 IARC review, there has been a plethora of publications evaluating TCE exposure and cancer in humans, including new cohort studies, updates of cohorts, case-control studies, review articles, and meta-analyses. (who.int)
  • Principles for the assessment of risks to human health from exposure to chemicals. (who.int)
  • Archaeological evidence also suggests that by 50,000 years ago humans, but not their Neandertal cousins, had developed projectile hunting weapons, Churchill said. (science20.com)
  • Mike Miler] You discuss `bidirectional, interspecies transmission of influenza virus A between humans and pigs' in your article. (cdc.gov)
  • So, while most people focus on the swine-to-human transmission, human-to-swine transmission is also important. (cdc.gov)
  • Bidirectional, interspecies transmission refers to both swine-to-human and human-to-swine transmission. (cdc.gov)
  • Mike Miler] Well, what is it about agricultural fairs that create an environment that seems to lead to this kind of pig-to-human transmission? (cdc.gov)
  • This setting is also conducive for human-to-swine transmission. (cdc.gov)
  • but in 2009, human-to-swine transmission of pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus was documented in the United States and Canada. (cdc.gov)
  • Interspecies transmission occurred again in Hong Kong SAR in February 2003, when H5N1 virus caused two human cases, one of which was fatal. (who.int)
  • These studies also demonstrated, for the first time, that the H5N1 strain can infect humans directly without prior adaptation in a mammalian host. (who.int)
  • 13 Therefore, a risk assessment from Asia that is known to infect humans. (who.int)
  • This quality can breed conflict, but also collaboration and interspecies quorum sensing can take both forms. (asm.org)
  • Further, in collaboration with participants and legal advisor Katarina Hovden, a "Contract for the Interspecies Campus" was written. (superflex.net)
  • Interspecies Campus was designed in close collaboration with KWY.studio. (superflex.net)
  • The Philippines Inter-agency Committee on Zoonoses oversees collaboration between the animal and human health sectors for the prevention and control of zoonoses. (who.int)
  • I have seen some amazing interspecies relationships even with dolphins befriending domestic cats. (pictures-of-cats.org)
  • Speculation is they they inter-bred with modern humans or failed to compete for food or resources or perhaps were even hunted to extinction by humans. (science20.com)
  • That individual is known to have lived "at a time of overlap with modern humans we call the Cro-Magnon," Churchill said. (science20.com)
  • We're not suggesting there was a blitzkrieg, with modern humans marching across the land and executing the Neandertals. (science20.com)
  • But Churchill's analysis indicates the wound was from a thrown spear, and it appears that modern humans had throwing-weapons technology and Neandertals didn't. (science20.com)
  • If so, he could have encountered modern humans who were just returning to the area then after a 30,000-year hiatus. (science20.com)
  • However, new research has suggested that it might have stomped the Earth until at least 39,000 years ago, meaning modern humans could have come into contact with it. (iflscience.com)
  • In addition to learning more about interspecies communication, we're also expanding our awareness and understanding of intraspecies communication abilities, such as between humans and dogs. (paulekman.com)
  • The book seeks to expand the boundaries of consciousness, intelligence and interspecies communication. (springer.com)
  • The role of ontogeny in the development of interspecies communication. (bvsalud.org)
  • Ledgard is the creator of Linnaeus, a speculative proposal for an "interspecies money transfer service. (harpers.org)
  • In this regard, emerging technologies of chimeric human organ production via blastocyst complementation (BC) holds great promise. (frontiersin.org)
  • Researchers connected the brains of a human and a rat so that the volunteer could use just his thoughts to wiggle the rodent's tail, shown here. (livescience.com)
  • By linking the brains of a human and a rat, scientists have now helped a man wiggle a rodent's tail using only the man's thoughts. (livescience.com)
  • In the latest example of a mind-meld, researchers employed noninvasive techniques to link the brains of a human and a rat. (livescience.com)
  • Johan Jakobsson and his team tries to understand how the human brain is so different in complexity and size to the brains of other great apes, even though our coding genome is almost identical. (lu.se)
  • Others were "exotic," from animals that don't normally leave their excrement around Nebraska: zebra, lion, human. (fieldofscience.com)
  • A new design trend prioritises the needs of bugs and animals above human beings. (dezeen.com)
  • In the absence of evidence to the contrary, ATSDR assumes that humans are more sensitive to the effects of hazardous substance than animals and that certain persons may be particularly sensitive. (cdc.gov)
  • As a field of research and practice, ACI extends the study and design of interactions with computing systems to animals beyond humans, whilst still including humans themselves as members of the kingdom animalia. (open.ac.uk)
  • C o-authored with Jes Hooper, Kristine Hill, Michelle Szydlowski, and Sarah Oxley Heaney, the article explores the ethical quandary faced by researchers whose work advocates for non-human animals and whose results conflict with prevalent anthropocentric societal narratives, highlighting the pitfalls of research that advocates for animals while revealing the actual issues of bias that warrant further attention by the academic community. (constantcontact.com)
  • Animals with human cells could provide donor organs or help us understand neuropsychiatric disorders. (the-scientist.com)
  • This is essential for preserving the planet and the health of its inhabitants, including wildlife, farmed animals, and humans. (gviusa.com)
  • He proposes allocating digital wallets to wild animals so they can purchase conservation services and facilitate payments with humans. (harpers.org)
  • Although three filoviruses have been identified in result in the emergence of more pathogenic viruses in animals in Asia, 3,4 RESTV is the only filovirus isolated humans and/or livestock. (who.int)
  • 5 There have was conducted to determine the risk of further occur- been five documented RESTV outbreaks in animals rence and potential pathogenicity of RESTV in humans in epidemiologically linked to the Philippines. (who.int)
  • The risk assessment was conducted by the Philip- continue to occur in animals with spil over into humans and pines FETP. (who.int)
  • Trichloroethylene (TCE) is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A) based on limited evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of TCE and sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of TCE. (who.int)
  • While created to study human expression, Dr. Ekman's Facial Action Coding System (FACS) has served an important role in the study of animal emotions and facial expressions. (paulekman.com)
  • This cross-cultural study highlights the importance of acknowledging all nonhuman animal minds without the fear of anthropomorphism, and in the benefits of human understandings that move beyond the mechanistic application of behaviorism in "training. (constantcontact.com)
  • They provide a study of human life in the context of Earth's remarkable biodiversity and argue that kindness, altruism and gentle observations are the true ingredients for biological success. (springer.com)
  • However, how exactly aging contributes to disease penetrance and pathology remains largely unknown, since it has been notoriously difficult to study the biology of human aging in the lab. (lu.se)
  • Human and chimpanzee feces were the clear winners of the popularity contest. (fieldofscience.com)
  • Pig dung, while not as wildly popular as human or chimpanzee, still attracted a lot of beetles. (fieldofscience.com)
  • What makes the human brain different to the brain of chimpanzee? (lu.se)
  • This paper, taking a narrow focus, examines specific documents that reveal how PWAs throughout the AIDS epidemic attributed curative potential to nonhuman lifeforms-viruses and bacteria, mostly-while developing a logic of care more intimate with non-human life than trustful of human-only scientific procedures. (bmj.com)
  • Neither HTLV-3 nor HTLV-4 has been linked to human disease, and considerably less is known about these viruses. (medscape.com)
  • Whatever they do tell us, an interspecies "conversation" would be an unparalleled contribution to the debate about animal rights. (newscientist.com)
  • Although human data are preferred, MRLs often must be based on animal studies because relevant human studies are lacking. (cdc.gov)
  • If you are looking for a little diversion or inspiration, you should be able to find something in this month's Human-Animal Studies Report. (constantcontact.com)
  • She has a wide array of interests, including politics of crises and surprises, particularly urban crowds, cultures of catastrophe, and human-animal relationships. (cultureandanimals.org)
  • It explores the challenges posed to research and narrative by animal biography as well as its promise for re-articulating an interspecies relationship. (cultureandanimals.org)
  • I am a sociologist and qualitative researcher interested in human-animal relations, food and eating. (lu.se)
  • The team was comprised of public health could one day become pathogenic to humans. (who.int)
  • We have demonstrated that TransComp-R can enhance translational understanding of relationships between AD mouse model data and human data, thus aiding generation of biological hypotheses concerning AD progression and holding promise for improved preclinical evaluation of therapies . (bvsalud.org)
  • Avian influenza (H5N1) is rare in humans in developed countries (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • For these reasons and more, one group of scientists last year called for them to be classified as "non-human persons" and accorded basic rights. (newscientist.com)
  • Scientists hypothesize that humans have unconsciously favored eyebrow-raising dogs during fairly recent selective breeding. (paulekman.com)
  • This is "the first biological evidence scientists have found that domesticated dogs might have evolved a specialized ability used expressly to communicate better with humans. (paulekman.com)
  • Other scientists, including Jun Wu, a stem cell biologist at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, are also studying chimeras with the ultimate goal of one day being able to grow enough human organs to meet the enormous need for transplants, potentially saving hundreds of thousands of lives. (the-scientist.com)
  • While narrowing the range of possible causes for the Mesopotamian Neanderthal's wound, and raising the possibility of an encounter between humans and a now-extinct close cousin, the research does not definitively conclude who did it, or why. (science20.com)
  • Their team focuses on using human induced pluripotent stem cells to grow human tissues inside pigs. (the-scientist.com)
  • Human pluripotent stem cells harbor the potential to provide an inexhaustible supply of donor cells or tissues or organs for transplantation," Wu wrote in an email. (the-scientist.com)
  • In 2007, a team at Kyoto University created pluripotent stem cells from adult human somatic cells (4). (the-scientist.com)
  • We think that the developmental cues that exist in the pig will help to guide the human cells inside the porcine embryo. (the-scientist.com)
  • We also use human induced pluripotent stem cells to investigate how polymorphic transposable elements contribute a genetic component to these disorders, using X-linked dystonia Parkinsonism as our current focus. (lu.se)
  • In the present article, we perform cortical type analysis of the neocortex of adult rats, Rhesus macaques, and humans to propose hypotheses on homology of cortical areas applying the principles of the Hypothesis on the Dual Origin of the Neocortex. (springer.com)
  • Despite transposons making up at least half of the human genome, they are vastly understudied in relation to brain disorders. (lu.se)
  • Research on this gene in humans has focused on its expression in three tissues: dorsal telencephalon, olfactory neuroepithelium, and urogenetial system. (abnova.com)
  • Chris runs a human behavioral ecology research group where the objectives include studying fun gimmicky things like trance, religious behavior, tattooing, and sex as a way of introducing students to the rigors of evolutionary science. (evostudies.org)
  • Transposable elements are largely overlooked in current cancer research, despite constituting more than 50% of the human genome. (lu.se)
  • However, the distribution of its active metabolite nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) to the site of pulmonary infection is unknown in humans. (nih.gov)
  • Although RESTV has been identified in humans, there was no death or illness attributed to the infection. (who.int)
  • This process affects the carbon cycle: methanogens can participate in interspecies hydrogen transfer combining H2 and CO2 to produce CH4. (wikipedia.org)
  • The practices and writings of both men demonstrate that Foucault's theory of counter-conduct exists in the history of AIDS as an interspecies process in which microscopic existents lead humans. (bmj.com)
  • Its transformation through fermentation, fungal growth & rot symbolizes an organic non-human-based process in our collective thinking & creative practices. (mediamatic.net)
  • MRLs are generally based on the most sensitive chemical-induced end point considered to be of relevance to humans. (cdc.gov)
  • PON1 is polymorphic in human populations and different individuals also express widely different levels of this enzyme. (cdc.gov)
  • Focusing on the writings of Jon Greenberg and Sandor Katz, two former members of ACT UP/NY, I show that the men did not just dissent from management by biomedical authority but found new authority about how to care for themselves as people with AIDS from their interactions with non-human microscopic life. (bmj.com)
  • Andrew Bowman] Well, unlike other swine and human interactions, agricultural fairs have a high people-to-pig ratio. (cdc.gov)
  • The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. (cdc.gov)
  • The main objective of the IPCS is to carry out and disseminate evaluations of the effects of chemicals on human health and the quality of the environment. (inchem.org)
  • LOAELs or NOAELs should also help in determining whether or not the effects vary with dose and/or duration, and place into perspective the possible significance of these effects to human health. (cdc.gov)
  • The moderate risk of RESTV recurring among humans in the Philippines and its potential pathogenicity in humans reinforces the need for early detection, surveillance and continued studies of RESTV pathogenesis and its health consequences. (who.int)
  • At crossroads of science and art, Interspecies CafĂ© features conversations with selected experts: Dr. Alex Jordan, Professor Rikke Andreassen, PhD Fellow Katarina Hovden and certified hypnotherapist Tommy Rosenkilde. (superflex.net)
  • Just like human flu vaccines, the swine vaccines need to be periodically updated. (cdc.gov)
  • The Elephant's I" is an experimental text that takes a historical elephant, his human companion and the writer/researcher as three prongs in the construction of the story. (cultureandanimals.org)
  • The mouse PK model was allometrically scaled to predict human PK parameters to simulate the clinically recommended 200 mg loading dose followed by 100 mg daily maintenance doses administered as 30-minute intravenous infusions. (nih.gov)
  • Of course, the origins of industrial capitalism lie in humans declaring the parameters of personhood for other humans: enslaved people weren't people, they were property. (harpers.org)
  • This prolonged mixing of pigs and people provides ample opportunity for pathogens to spread among pigs and possibly to humans. (cdc.gov)
  • In 1979, human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) was isolated in a patient with adult cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (ATL). (medscape.com)
  • In the future, interspecies brain-to-brain interfaces could help search-and-rescue operations, Yoo suggested. (livescience.com)