• A major limitation in approaching this problem has been the lack of suitable cell lines that exhibit normal, terminal, and synchronous differentiation in the absence of endogenous oncoproteins and in response to physiologic cytokines, and whose differentiation can be arrested by ectopically expressed human oncoproteins. (nih.gov)
  • Special considerations are given to the causal involvement of novel molecular pathways, including cytokines, growth factors, and intracellular signaling cascades in RA pathophysiology, and the emerging role of targeted therapeutic agents in the management of RA. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The receptors for these three cytokines consist of a cytokine-specific alpha (Ralpha) chain and a shared common beta (betac) chain. (tamu.edu)
  • Specifically, TNF-α is a potent inhibitor of the clonal growth of primitive and committed murine and human bone marrow progenitors in combination with multiple cytokines, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), CSF-1, erythropoietin (Epo), stem cell factor (SCF), and flt3 ligand (FL). (ox.ac.uk)
  • We studied the changes in actin state and chemotactic peptide receptor expression in granulocytes from patients receiving different cytokines following high dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). (duke.edu)
  • However, in patients receiving granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) the increase in F-actin content was much greater than in those not receiving these cytokines (159, 149, and 90% for G-CSF, M-CSF, and noncytokine group, respectively). (duke.edu)
  • Patients receiving granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) had only a 62% increase in the F-actin content, which was not statistically significant from patients undergoing ABMT without any cytokines. (duke.edu)
  • The CD56 bright population produces immunoregulatory cytokines, including interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-B), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GMCSF), IL-10, and IL-13 ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • However, CD56 dim NK cells can produce cytokines, specifically IFN-γ, after cell triggering via NKp46 of NKp30 activating receptors or after stimulation with combinations of IL-2, IL-12, and IL-15 ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Cytokine concentrations were calculated from standard curves of known concentrations of recombinant human cytokines. (cdc.gov)
  • Targets antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor /GM-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/G-CSF, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha. (cusabio.com)
  • Growth factors and cytokines involved in their migration, development and survival could be absent in this tissue and need further investigations. (bvsalud.org)
  • Treatment related induction of GM-CSF has been identified through clinical, translational and preclinical studies as a potential key signal associated with side effects of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapy. (kiniksa.com)
  • The efficacy of a therapeutic antibody depends on the Fab fragment and its binding activity to the target antigen, but also depends on the Fc fragment and its interaction with key Fc receptors.Therefore, candidates must be tested against a panel of receptors during antibody engineering. (acrobiosystems.com)
  • It is a bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody against CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and GPRC5D (human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D), a tumor-associated antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. (medscape.com)
  • Avoiding transfusions from family members is important because of possible sensitization against non-HLA (human leukocyte antigen) tissue antigens of potential donors. (medscape.com)
  • Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) recognize specific proteins on the surface of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The basic principles of chimeric antigen receptor design. (msdmanuals.com)
  • CD114 is expressed on granulocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, platelets, placenta and myeloid leukemias and a variety of tumor cell lines. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • GM-CSF is a small glycoprotein growth factor which stimulates the production and function of neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes. (biovendor.com)
  • Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and IL-4 can enhance LC differentiation from human monocytes or CD34(+) progenitors. (cnrs.fr)
  • High-Affinity Fc Receptor Expression Indicates Relative Immaturity in Human Monocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These data indicate that high-affinity Fc receptors are expressed on less mature monocytes and that FcɛRIα(+) monocytes are developmentally antecedent to the canonical classical and intermediate monocyte subsets. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The G-CSF receptor is expressed on a variety of hematopoietic cells, including myeloid-committed progenitor cells, neutrophils, granulocytes, and monocytes. (stemcell.com)
  • The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSF-R) also known as CD114 (Cluster of Differentiation 114) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CSF3R gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD114 is a ~150 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is encoded by CSF3R (colony stimulating factor 3 receptor) and belongs to the class 1 cytokine receptor family. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor is present on precursor cells in the bone marrow, and, in response to stimulation by G-CSF, initiates cell proliferation and differentiation into mature neutrophilic granulocytes and macrophages. (wikipedia.org)
  • The class IV isoform defective for both internalization and differentiation signaling, and colony-stimulating. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although erythropoietin (EPO) and its receptor (EPOR) are crucial for the proliferation, survival, and terminal differentiation of erythroid progenitors, it remains to be elucidated whether EPOR-unique signaling is required for erythropoiesis. (elsevierpure.com)
  • All together, the results of the present study demonstrated that hGM-CSF can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of primitive and definitive erythroid cells independently of EPOR signal if they express hGMR, and the activity is comparable to that of EPO in definitive, but not primitive, erythropoiesis. (elsevierpure.com)
  • CD114 serves as the receptor for granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) which plays a role in myeloid cell proliferation and differentiation. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Furthermore, the study examined the effects of cooperating oncoproteins such as Ras or Bcr/Abl, which allowed for both factor-independent proliferation and differentiation, or Bcl-2, which permitted factor-independent survival but not proliferation. (nih.gov)
  • Binds to cell surface receptors on hematopoietic cells and stimulates proliferation, differentiation, and some end-cell functional activation. (hemonc.org)
  • Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) is a pleiotropic cytokine best known for its specific effects on the proliferation, differentiation, and activation of hematopoietic cells of the neutrophilic granulocyte lineage. (rndsystems.com)
  • Explore our series of recombinant neural factors to support the culture and differentiation of nerve cells. (acrobiosystems.com)
  • Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a member of the CSF family of glycoproteins that regulate hematopoietic cell proliferation, differentiation, and function. (stemcell.com)
  • function of proliferative responses provoked in the induction cell products favor immediate type hypersensitivity reactions, phase of contact allergy, the murine local lymph node assay serving as growth and differentiation factors for mast cells and (LLNA), has been accepted as a stand-alone method for skin eosinophils, the cellular effectors of the clinical manifestations of sensitization testing (NIH, 1999). (cdc.gov)
  • G-CSF also modulates multiple differentiated functions of human neutrophils, including enhanced oxidative metabolism in response to f- Met-Leu-Phe (f-MLP), increased antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and augmented arachidonic acid release in response to ionophore and chemotactic agents. (ashpublications.org)
  • These effects are all maximal at a concentration of 100 to 500 pmol/L. Using 125I-labeled recombinant human G-CSF, high affinity binding sites were identified on human neutrophils, the myeloid leukemia cell lines KG-1 and HL-60, and the small cell carcinoma cell lines, H128 and H69. (ashpublications.org)
  • Oral cancer cells secrete granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), a growth factor that recruits neutrophils from bone marrow to the cancer microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
  • Neutrophils release serine proteases such as neutrophil elastase, proteinase 3, cathepsin G. These proteolytic enzymes activate protease-activated receptors (PARs) to induce intracellular signaling. (scientificarchives.com)
  • It is a key cytokine involved in the production of neutrophils and the stimulation of granulocyte colony formation from hematopoietic progenitor cells (Metcalf & Nicola). (stemcell.com)
  • opposing effects of activating and inhibitory receptors regulate NK cell activity. (mhmedical.com)
  • NK cell activation and the triggering of effector functions is governed by a complex set of activating and inhibitory receptors. (frontiersin.org)
  • The cell lines were established by conditional immortalization of primary murine marrow progenitors with an estrogen-regulated E2a/Pbx1-estrogen receptor fusion protein. (nih.gov)
  • The structure of murine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been determined by X-ray crystallography at 2.0 A resolution. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The GCSFR-2 form, which lacks the transmembrane domain, may represent a soluble form of the receptor. (lu.se)
  • In contrast, TNF-α at low concentrations can synergistically and directly enhance the clonal growth of primitive and more mature human CD34+ bone marrow progenitors when combined with GM-CSF or interleukin (IL)-3. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A novel human cell line, KMT-2, from umbilical cord blood cells was established based on the selection of cultures in the presence of recombinant human interleukin-3 (IL-3) and the sorting of cells with anti-My 10 antibody. (ashpublications.org)
  • The panel makes a conditional recommendation for interleukin (IL)-6 receptor antagonist monoclonal antibody treatment and high-flow nasal oxygen or continuous positive airway pressure in patients with hypoxaemic respiratory failure. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this report, we show that biosynthetic (recombinant) human G-CSF enhances colony formation by normal human bone marrow and the human myeloid leukemic cell lines, HL-60 and KG-1, as well as nonhematopoietic small cell lung cancer lines, H128 and H69. (ashpublications.org)
  • Class/mechanism: Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). (hemonc.org)
  • In sandwich Immunoassays, no cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) G‑CSF, rhGM‑CSF R beta, rhGM‑CSF R, or recombinant mouse G‑CSF is observed. (rndsystems.com)
  • Recombinant human G-CSF has been approved for the amelioration of chemotherapy induced neutropenia as well as for severe chronic neutropenia following marrow transplant. (rndsystems.com)
  • Characterization of DNA binding, transcriptional activation, and regulated nuclear association of recombinant human NFATp. (colorado.edu)
  • Binding studies with 125I-labeled recombinant human (rh) IL-3 indicated that IL- 3 bound to a single class of high affinity receptors (approximately 4,000 receptors/cell) on KMT-2 cells with a kd of approximately 200 pmol/L. The chemical cross-linking assay demonstrated that radiolabeled hIL-3 bound three molecules with molecular masses of 170, 130, and 70 Kd. (ashpublications.org)
  • Note that monotherapy with hematopoietic growth factors (eg, recombinant human erythropoietin [rHuEPO], granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF]) is not recommended for newly diagnosed patients. (medscape.com)
  • The Role of Membraneembedded DUOX2 on Ectodomain Shedding via G protein-coupled Receptor Signaling. (scientificarchives.com)
  • Protease-activated receptors (PARs) and the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) belong to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. (scientificarchives.com)
  • The G-CSF receptors belong to a family of cytokine receptors known as the hematopoietin receptor family. (wikipedia.org)
  • Herein we elaborated effects of TGF-β1 on TJs of primary human bronchial epithelial cells. (springer.com)
  • In methylcellulose clonal culture of fetal liver (FL) cells of generated hGMR-expressing EPOR -/- embryos at embryonic day (E) 12.5 of gestation, hGM-CSF stimulated erythroid colony formation under serum-containing and serum-free conditions. (elsevierpure.com)
  • GCSF-R ligand-binding is associated with dimerization of the receptor and signal transduction through proteins including Jak, Lyn, STAT, and Erk1/2. (wikipedia.org)
  • Analysis of globin expression in individual erythrocyte-containing colonies formed from E12.5 FL cells showed that hGM-CSF supports primitive and definitive erythropoiesis even in EPOR -/- embryos. (elsevierpure.com)
  • and induced increase of GATA-1 expression and decrease of erythroid Kruppel-like factor and cMyb expression in the FL cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • BAF19 cells were stained with either PE Mouse Anti-Human CD114 (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The immunogen used to generate this hybridoma was cells transfected with an expression vector containing a full-length cDNA encoding the human G-CSFR. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • NeuVax works by stimulating the body's own immune system, via cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), to seek out and destroy micrometastatic cancer cells that may be circulating or deposited in a patient's body after they are deemed clinically disease-free. (her2support.org)
  • Über Zwischenschritte führt dies zu einer Induktion der Transkriptionsfaktoren „nuclear factor-kappa of B cells" (NF-κB) und „activator protein-1" (AP-1) und einer konsekutiven Expression pro-inflammatorischer Zytokine (Abb. (springermedizin.de)
  • Natural killer (NK) cells were identified in the blood and lymphoid organs of humans and experimental animals as cells capable of killing tumors, virus-infected cells, and, in some instances, normal cells, in the absence of previous deliberate or known sensitization. (mhmedical.com)
  • The biological effects of GM-CSF are mediated through its binding to cell surface receptors, which appear to be widely expressed by thermatopoietic cells and also by some non-thermatopoietic cells, such as endothelial cells. (biovendor.com)
  • GM-CSF and transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta ) are required for the generation of Langerhans cells (LC), members of the dendritic cell (DC) family. (cnrs.fr)
  • Neural factors are a class of protein molecules with neurotrophic activity that can promote the survival and regeneration of nerve cells. (acrobiosystems.com)
  • Likewise, transplantation of wild-type bone marrow cells expressing the common beta-chain of the GM-CSF receptor restores surfactant homeostasis in the GM-CSF receptor knockout mouse. (nih.gov)
  • Combined treatment with selumetinib and a dose of palbociclib sufficient to reinforce G1 arrest in selumetinib-sensitive cells, but not to impair proliferation of resistant cells, delays the emergence of resistant colonies, meaning that escape from G1 arrest is critical in the formation of resistant clones. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • Here, we review tumor-NK cell interactions, discuss the mechanisms by which NK cells generate an antitumor immune response, and discuss NK cell-based therapeutic strategies targeting activating, inhibitory, and co-stimulatory receptors. (frontiersin.org)
  • Human NK cells are phenotypically characterized by the expression of CD56 and the absence of CD3 and can be further subdivided into a CD56 bright population and a CD56 dim population. (frontiersin.org)
  • A) The biological activity of Human Recombinant G-CSF, ACF was tested by its ability to promote the proliferation of mouse NFS-60 cells. (stemcell.com)
  • SDF-1α and CXCR4 play a role in trafficking and homing of human hematopoietic stem cells to the marrow compartment. (medscape.com)
  • Clinical trials of LAK cells in humans are ongoing but this approach has not gained widespread use and is generally considered less effective than other cell therapies. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In this investigation we sought to answer the question concerning the presence of mast cells in human and rat dental pulp tissues, under normal and inflammatory conditions. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our results showed that inflamed and non-inflamed dental pulps neither from humans nor from rats presented mast cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Studies using human samples have shown that such cells are present in dental pulps 1,2 whilst others have demonstrated the absence of those cells 3,4,5 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Since mast cells are active during inflammatory responses it becomes crucial to find out if these cells are actually present and play a role in dental pulp under normal and inflammatory conditions either in humans or in rats. (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, the purpose of the present work was, under the same experimental conditions, to identify mast cells in healthy and inflamed dental pulp from rats and humans using toluidine blue histochemistry and immunohistochemistry techniques. (bvsalud.org)
  • TGF-β1 acts predominantly through phosphorylation of the C-terminal MH2 domains of SMAD2 and SMAD3 via activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5), of which activity is located at the C-terminal part of TGFBR1. (springer.com)
  • Quizartinib and its active metabolite (AC886) inhibit FLT3 kinase activity, preventing autophosphorylation of the receptor, thereby inhibiting downstream FLT3 receptor signaling and blocking FLT3-ITD-dependent cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • The LMM741 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes CD114 which is also known as the Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Receptor (G-CSFR). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Detects human G-CSF R/CD114 in ELISAs and Western blots. (rndsystems.com)
  • Thus, a critical determinant of whether TNF-α elicits a stimulatory or inhibitory effect on the in vitro growth of hematopoietic progenitors appears to be the specific growth factors with which it interacts, rather than the maturity of the targeted progenitor. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Mavrilimumab is an investigational fully-human monoclonal antibody that is designed to antagonize GM-CSF signaling by binding to the alpha subunit of the GM-CSF receptor. (kiniksa.com)
  • Mutations in the intracellular part of this receptor are also associated with certain types of leukemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, activated, type I subunits recruit and phosphorylate receptor SMADs (R-smad), which are the first intracellular mediators of TGF-β signalling. (springer.com)
  • Extracellular ATP evoked (EC50 13.3 ± 1.4 µM) robust biphasic intracellular Ca2+ responses that showed a dependency on both metabotropic (P2Y) and ionotropic (P2X) receptors. (uea.ac.uk)
  • The G-CSF-R is a transmembrane receptor that consists of an extracellular ligand-binding portion, a transmembrane domain, and the cytoplasmic portion that is responsible for signal transduction. (wikipedia.org)
  • These data provide the first evidence for ligand-dependent proteasomal degradation of the betac cytoplasmic domain, and they establish a novel mechanism for heterotypic desensitization of shared cytokine receptor signaling. (tamu.edu)
  • A model for receptor binding based on the structure of the GH ligand-receptor complex requires additional, novel features to account for these data. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Motixafortide is an inhibitor of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and blocks binding of its cognate ligand, stromal-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α)/C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12). (medscape.com)
  • The crystal structure and biological function of leukemia inhibitory factor: implications for receptor binding. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Interstitial diphtheria toxin-epidermal growth factor fusion protein therapy produces regressions of subcutaneous human glioblastoma multiforme tumors in athymic nude mice. (musc.edu)
  • METHODS: Mice with K/BxN serum-induced arthritis, collagen-induced arthritis, and human tumor necrosis factor transgene insertion were studied. (cnrs.fr)
  • Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT3. (cusabio.com)
  • Determining the function of CMV-encoded chemokine receptors in the context of viral pathogenesis and acceleration of vascular disease. (ohsu.edu)
  • Conformational changes in the GM-CSF receptor suggest a molecular mechanism for affinity conversion and receptor signaling. (cusabio.com)
  • Recently, two distinct TNF receptors with molecular weights of 55 kDa (TNFR55) and 75 kDa (TNFR75) have been cloned and characterized. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Human G-CSF R is 863 amino acids (aa) in length, with a 604 aa extracellular domain, a 26 aa transmembrane domain, and a 183 aa cytoplasmic domain that include a 23 amino acid signal sequence. (rndsystems.com)
  • Herein, we demonstrate that agonistic ligation of these receptor subunits rapidly induces proteasomal degradation of the betac, but not the Ralpha, cytoplasmic domain, resulting in termination of signal transduction and yielding a truncated betac isoform ligated to the Ralpha subunit. (tamu.edu)
  • Binding of G-CSF to its receptor leads to activation of the JAK/STAT, MAPK, PI3K, and AKT signal transduction pathways. (stemcell.com)
  • PARs belong to a family of GPCRs that are activated by proteolytic cleavage of the amino-terminus, and these receptors act as sensors for extracellular proteases. (scientificarchives.com)
  • Considering the signaling pathway of TGFβ1 (an inhibitor of iNOS mRNA expression), silencing of RNA for TAK-1 upregulates membrane-bound fractalkine tripartite motif 28 (TRIM28)/transcriptional intermediary factor 1β (TIF1β) functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and specificity protein 1 negatively regulate TGFβ1 levels to upregulate the generation of peroxynitrite, leading to increased shedding of membrane-bound fractalkine via SP/NK1R signaling. (scientificarchives.com)
  • Proteasomal regulation of betac signaling reveals a novel mechanism for cytokine receptor heterotypic desensitization. (tamu.edu)
  • Furthermore, we describe the involvement of the two TNF receptors in signaling in vitro hematopoietic effects of TNF-α. (ox.ac.uk)
  • G-CSF-R is a cell-surface receptor for the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). (wikipedia.org)
  • G-CSF receptor numbers ranged between 138 and 285 sites per cell with a kd of 77 to 140 pmol/L, consistent with the concentrations of G-CSF that elicit biologic responses in vitro. (ashpublications.org)
  • We then evaluated the efficacy of chronic rG-CSF administration to attenuate oral cancer-induced nociception using a tongue xenograft cancer model with the HSC-3 human oral cancer cell line. (frontiersin.org)
  • G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of cell membrane receptors. (scientificarchives.com)
  • Cell activation by G-CSF is mediated by a type I membrane protein belonging to the cytokine receptor superfamily. (rndsystems.com)
  • Multidrug resistance parameters, tissue infiltration parameters, receptors for colony-stimulating factors (CSFr) and cell cycle parameters were analyzed using flow cytometry in 145, 109 initial and 36 relapsed or refractory, acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) patients to find out clinically more reliable functional parameters. (karger.com)
  • Present data suggest that the newly established human cell line will be a valuable tool for the biologic assay of hIL-3, and a model for biochemical studies of IL-3 receptors. (ashpublications.org)
  • 1998. Protection of human upper respiratory tract cell lines against sulphur mustard toxicity by hexamethylenetetramine (HMT). (cdc.gov)
  • CAR T cell immunotherapy for human cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
  • On the other hand, in E8.0 yolk sac erythropoiesis, both substances had a similar effect on erythroid colony formation, but hGM-CSF induced an increase of β-major globin expression, while EPO did not. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The effect of breed and body weight on longevity in the pet dog was analyzed, and a method was developed to standardize the chronological age of dogs in terms of physiological time, using human year equivalents. (gerontologyjournals.org)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Changes in actin state and chemotactic peptide receptor expression in granulocytes during cytokine administration after autologous bone marrow transplantation. (duke.edu)
  • 1991. Genetic activity of the human carcinogen sulphur mustard towards salmonella and the mouse bone marrow. (cdc.gov)
  • The chemotactic peptide receptor expression was significantly higher in patients treated with ABMT alone or ABMT plus G-CSF. (duke.edu)
  • Although the basal level of F-actin was high following ABMT, granulocytes from all patients showed an additional increase in F-actin content after stimulation with either the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). (duke.edu)
  • Proteasomal degradation of the betac cytoplasmic domain was also a prerequisite for endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of the ligated receptor subunits. (tamu.edu)
  • Two receptor subunits are known, receptor type I and type II subunits. (springer.com)
  • Transforming growth factors β (TGF-β) constitute a subgroup of the transforming growth factor superfamily. (springer.com)
  • All members of transforming growth factor superfamily are synthesized as pre-pro-peptides that consist of a short N-terminal signalling peptide, a latency-associated protein (LAP) domain and the mature TGF domain [ 42 ]. (springer.com)
  • Analysis of the biological function and receptor specificity of a series of human-mouse LIF chimeras implicate two regions of receptor interaction that are located in the fourth helix and the preceding loop. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Eosinophil-derived TGF-β1 was identified as a major factor that triggers tissue remodelling in atopic asthma [ 39 ]. (springer.com)