• Robert P. Lanza of Advanced Cell Technology claimed his project is "proof of the principle that 'therapeutic cloning' can work. (wnd.com)
  • Therapeutic cloning, known as "clone and kill" because the embryo is not transplanted into a surrogate mother for development, is favored by many scientists. (wnd.com)
  • Therapeutic cloning, as distinct from reproductive cloning, will lead to unprecedented medical advances, say researchers. (wnd.com)
  • The human embryo is cloned, then used only for research or therapeutic treatments. (wnd.com)
  • Sen. Sam Brownback, R-Kan., is the sponsor of a bill, S. 1899, that provides a comprehensive ban on human cloning, both "therapeutic" cloning and reproductive cloning. (wnd.com)
  • 5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
  • Reproductive cloning in humans and therapeutic cloning in primates: is the ethical debate catching up with the recent scientific advances? (bmj.com)
  • Otherwise, such a treaty would not recognize the inherent human nature of the early human embryo or fetus until after birth , and thus cloning them and using them for research - both "therapeutic" and "reproductive" -- would not be banned, and women undergoing "infertility treatments" could surely be put in danger. (lifeissues.net)
  • Finally, and inexorably, a true professional scientist poses clearly challenging questions to his research colleagues, and to the scientific enterprise in general, about the dubious "scientific" justification for the current rush to clone human beings - for both "therapeutic" and for "reproductive" purposes. (lifeissues.net)
  • But he is equally concerned about the unethical aspects inherent in the rush to perform " therapeutic " human cloning research, including the abuses to all vulnerable human patients who would be required to participate in clinical trials. (lifeissues.net)
  • What deserves greater attention, however, is therapeutic cloning, a (potential) cloning application considered far more important to the biomedical and scientific communities and one far more ethically challenging. (reasons.org)
  • 1] Therapeutic cloning, on the other hand, creates human embryos merely as a source of embryonic stem cells. (reasons.org)
  • Crudely put, therapeutic cloning looks to generate human embryos solely for the body parts they can provide. (reasons.org)
  • Therapeutic cloning possesses enormous potential for revolutionizing medical and thera- peutic techniques. (who.int)
  • This is therapeutic cloning. (who.int)
  • This cell then has therapeutic cloning: the global the capacity to divide and grow into an exact replica of the original from whom the debate somatic cell was taken. (who.int)
  • However, there is hope for the future as Governor Kathleen Blanco told pro-life advocates that she does not support embryonic stem cell research, and favors the wholesale cloning bans that pro-life organizations had backed. (lifenews.com)
  • Governor Blanco discussed the bills with the Louisiana Coalition for Ethical Stem Cell Research on the final day of the session, and said that bills banning reproductive cloning but allowing for destructive embryonic research, such as the one sponsored by Senate President Don Hines (D-Bunkie), would not receive her support. (lifenews.com)
  • The legislation, which bans reproductive cloning as well as embryonic stem cell research in which human life is destroyed, was amended in the House last week to outlaw the cloning process to create human embryos for research, but would allow importation of embryonic stem cell lines created outside the state for research. (lifenews.com)
  • As of yet no useful embryonic stem cell lines have been created, and all breakthroughs in stem cell research have been done with adult stem cells, which do not require the destruction of human life. (lifenews.com)
  • Scientists want to make cloned human embryos to get embryonic stem cells, which live inside early embryos and have the potential to cure a wide array of diseases. (irfi.org)
  • But what is not getting such wide reporting is the use of pluripotent stem cells (as well as many other types of cells and genetic engineering techniques) for reproductive purposes . (lifeissues.net)
  • Ethically, since eventually all such "research" will be applied to people, he cautions against the abuse of women "egg" donors, and against the premature use of vulnerable sick human patients for testing supposedly "patient-specific" stem cells in supposed "therapies", pointing to the obvious violations of standard international research ethics guidelines such clinical trials would necessarily entail. (lifeissues.net)
  • As he has questioned the HFEA before, would not the use of vulnerable human patients in clinical trials be premature, dangerous, and unethical given the already acquired knowledge in the research community that such supposed "patient-specific" stem cells would most probably cause serious immune rejection reactions in these patients? (lifeissues.net)
  • Tragically, however, in order to harvest stem cells from human embryos, the embryos must be destroyed. (reasons.org)
  • The unique properties of human stem cells have aroused considerable optimism about their potential as new pathways for alleviating human suffering caused by disease and injury. (edu.au)
  • Stem cells may be derived from adult tissues but the most potent are extracted from developing human embryos. (edu.au)
  • The stem cells suits human needs, does not cause harm and can be obtained from both adult and fetal does not conflict with religious beliefs, it has tissues, umbilical cord and early embryos. (who.int)
  • However, it appears that the ability of the In its simplest form, cloning is defined stem cells to transform is limited, except as the exact replication of cells. (who.int)
  • The object of reproductive cloning is to implant the cloned embryo into a surrogate mother and permit the human child to develop. (wnd.com)
  • A United Nations ad hoc committee has opened discussions on the merits and morality of cloning human beings, addressing many new questions that arise when considering the impact of such practice. (wnd.com)
  • The first ever meeting of the Committee on an International Convention Against the Reproductive Cloning of Human Beings last week hosted national delegates and experts from Syria, Chile, Israel, Spain and the United States, among others. (wnd.com)
  • The use of the technique of nuclear transfer for reproduction of human beings is surrounded by strong ethical concerns and controversies and is considered a threat to human dignity. (who.int)
  • 2. Over the years, the international community has tried without success to build a consensus on an international convention against the reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
  • 3. Creating awareness among ministries of health in the African Region will provide them with critical and relevant information on the reproductive cloning of human beings and its implications to the health status of the general population. (who.int)
  • 7. The WHO Regional Committee for Africa is invited to review this document for information and guidance concerning reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
  • 3. Media reports on nuclear transfer are usually about one form, reproductive nuclear transfer, also known as reproductive cloning of human beings . (who.int)
  • Can Human beings be Cloned? (irfi.org)
  • Claims that you could clone individual treatments of human beings to treat common diseases like diabetes, suggests you need a huge supply of human eggs. (wikiquote.org)
  • The report arose out of a recommendation for the Committee to review the report of the Australian Health Ethics Committee (AHEC) of the NHMRC entitled Scientific, Ethical and Regulatory Considerations Relevant to Cloning of Human Beings (hereafter the AHEC Report ). (edu.au)
  • WHA50.37 of 1997 argues that human cloning is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
  • WHA50.37, which states "the use of cloning for the replication of human individuals is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
  • Those two factors make attempts to clone humans for reproductive purposes ethically troubling. (reasons.org)
  • In the light of this information, Congress could settle for less stringent restrictions on embryo cloning studies, which scientists favor. (irfi.org)
  • Many nations oppose human reproductive cloning as "inherently unethical. (wnd.com)
  • Perhaps Ramsey would give other extraordinarily powerful arguments as to why human cloning is unethical, but he obviously would not be able to base it on his unscientific "pre-embryo" position. (lifeissues.net)
  • Creating human life simply for the purpose of destroying it is immoral, unethical and should be illegal. (lifenews.com)
  • This report is bad news for the unethical charlatans who have been preying on people by claiming they are able to clone people's loved ones,' said Gerald Schatten of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, who led the new study in April 11, 2003 issue of the journal Science. (irfi.org)
  • Developments in biotechnology have raised new concerns about animal welfare, as farm animals now have their genomes modified (genetically engineered) or copied (cloned) to propagate certain traits useful to agribusiness, such as meat yield or feed conversion. (wikiquote.org)
  • A clone is an organism that is a genetic copy of an existing one. (who.int)
  • … "embryo" means a human organism during the first 56 days of its development following fertilization or creation, excluding any time during which its development has been suspended, and includes any cell derived from such an organism that is used for the purpose of creating a human being. (hinxtongroup.org)
  • In SCNT they take the nucleolus out of an egg cell, replace it with the nucleolus of a somatic cell (body cell with two complete sets of chromosomes), and make the egg cell divide into a blastocyst ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
  • A blastocyst (cloned or not), because it lacks any trace of a nervous system, has no capacity for suffering or conscious experience in any form - the special properties that, in our view, spell the difference between biological tissue and a human life worthy of respect and rights. (wikiquote.org)
  • 2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
  • … "human clone" means an embryo that, as a result of the manipulation of human reproductive material or an in vitro embryo, contains a diploid set of chromosomes obtained from a single - living or deceased - human being, fetus, or embryo. (hinxtongroup.org)
  • It has not yet been " ensouled " - and so is not yet a " person " - i.e., a human subject to be protected from abuse in experimentation. (lifeissues.net)
  • Although the simple use of the word 'clone' may have negative connotations, many people have resigned themselves to the idea of cloning cows that produce more milk or using a cloned mouse for use in controlled experimentation. (bartleby.com)
  • Again, Saunders is referring to SCNT as "THE" cloning procedure, when there are many other ways to clone a human being as well, and he is scientifically mis-defining the product of SCNT (i.e., the cloned human embryo). (lifeissues.net)
  • Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a type of cloning that has to be done in a lab. (bartleby.com)
  • It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
  • A type of cloning that occurs naturally is when identical twins are born ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
  • Moreover, most early-stage embryos that are produced naturally (that is, through the union of egg and sperm resulting from sexual intercourse) fail to implant and are therefore wasted or destroyed. (wikiquote.org)
  • The first day of debate provoked strong arguments both in favor of freedom of research and in favor of a ban on human cloning. (wnd.com)
  • Australia's federal cabinet moved this week to ban the use of leftover in-vitro fertilization embryos for research, provoking speculation that renowned Australian scientists may immigrate to countries where embryo research is permitted. (wnd.com)
  • Research ethics and lessons from Hwanggate: what can we learn from the Korean cloning fraud? (bmj.com)
  • increased public sensitivity and awareness together with the development of national regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general. (lifeissues.net)
  • An in-depth analysis aiming at re-defining this terminology according to the new developments in human embryo research would be highly beneficial . (lifeissues.net)
  • 3. National regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general adopted so far confirm the convergence of views of the refusal to adopt legislation or guidelines permitting reproductive cloning , while they still show variations on the legitimacy of human cloning carried out as part of research agendas. (lifeissues.net)
  • I knew and had great respect for the famous Protestant theologian and bioethicist Paul Ramsey, and used much of his work concerning the use of human subjects in research in my own. (lifeissues.net)
  • The two other cloning bans, both wholesale bans that would have prohibited the destructive research, overcame many obstacles to come close to passage, and eventually garnered the support of a majority of the legislature. (lifenews.com)
  • Finally, the cloners see that there is no political stability for their clone and kill labs in Louisiana, meaning that effective adult stem cell research can continue to thrive in Louisiana," concluded Bordlee. (lifenews.com)
  • Rep. Beard had pointed out that a total human cloning ban does not impede research, as his opponents, including Senator Hines, have accused. (lifenews.com)
  • We want real cures now available from ethical adult stem cell research, not illusory promises from unproductive embryo research,' the Louisiana Coalition for Ethical Stem Cell Research said in a statement. (lifenews.com)
  • The recent desperation to clone human embryos may be seriously undermining accepted ethical principles of medical research, with potentially profound wider consequences. (lifeissues.net)
  • And he also agrees that if we don't find global agreement on human cloning, "we can probably expect dire consequences for the future of biomedical research and its impact on society at large. (lifeissues.net)
  • Recent and ongoing research suggests an alternative approach that can achieve the same goal (repair of damaged or diseased organs) without destroying human embryos. (reasons.org)
  • In fact, the research team oversaw the birth of four normal, healthy piglets with organs suitable for human transplants. (reasons.org)
  • They were optimistic based on the research carried out into human genetics. (irfi.org)
  • The researchers also say finding that the gene works in a different way in humans from animals such as rats and mice has raised questions about large areas of medical research. (irfi.org)
  • On April 11, 2003, Washington Post Staff Writer, Rick Weiss, reported 'New research suggests that it may be a lot harder to clone people than to clone other animals, an unexpected scientific twist that could influence the escalating congressional debate over human cloning and embryo research. (irfi.org)
  • But opponents of human embryo research were afraid that the new research not only identifies previously unrecognized hurdles to human cloning, but also points the way to overcoming those hurdles. (irfi.org)
  • Assisted reproductive technology (ART) and embryo research have posed many challenges to the different timeframes of science, ethics and law. (edu.au)
  • This issue was considered by the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs in its report entitled Human Cloning: Scientific, Ethical and Regulatory Aspects of Human Cloning and Stem Cell Research (hereafter the Andrews Report , after the Chair of the Committee, Mr Kevin Andrews, MP) released in September 2001. (edu.au)
  • This paper outlines the debates prompted through a reproduction mechanism involv- by progress in cloning research, with special ing male and female germ cells. (who.int)
  • Reproductive cloning is defended as a means of providing children for infertile couples or for homosexual pairs. (wnd.com)
  • An Italian fertility doctor, Dr. Severino Antinori announced his intention to clone humans, so that he can help infertile couples to have children. (irfi.org)
  • VICTORIA, May 31, 2002 (LSN.ca) - The B.C. Liberals tabled draft legislation to scrap the province's Human Rights Commission, leaving only a simple tribunal to hear complaints. (lifesitenews.com)
  • VICTORIA, May 31, 2002 (LSN.ca) - A coalition of Canadian organizations and individuals has launched an emergency petition campaign to address the serious flaws in Bill C-56, The Assisted Human Reproduction Act. (lifesitenews.com)
  • OTTAWA, May 31, 2002 (LSN.ca) - Dr. Dianne Irving, a leading international expert on new reproductive technologies, has reviewed the proposed Canadian legislation, Bill C-56 and has found it completely inadequate. (lifesitenews.com)
  • The Ethical Debate Concerning Cloning In the year that has elapsed since the announcement of Dolly's birth, there has been much discussion of the ethical implications of cloning humans. (bartleby.com)
  • Several authors have attempted to outline some of the ethical objections to cloning while at the same time minimizing the role religion plays in this debate. (bartleby.com)
  • Agreeing with the premise of an earlier article in the same journal, he agrees that we "must not let our debate get completely derailed by vested interests, whether politically or economically motivated", and that the failure to find global agreement on human cloning at the U.N. could result in "reproductive" human cloning [and all the abuses of women that would entail]. (lifeissues.net)
  • Clonaid's claim to have produced the first human clones propelled the ethical debate about human cloning to the headlines last December. (reasons.org)
  • Given this fanfare, the debate has tended to focus on reproductive cloning-the use of cloning to generate a human being-and its bizarre societal and familial side effects. (reasons.org)
  • and the general public debate about reproductive cloning. (edu.au)
  • Though fraught with problems, reproductive cloning at least strives to reproduce a human being and, in principle, preserves the value of human life. (reasons.org)
  • In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually . (wikiquote.org)
  • That month, scientists reported the first successful attempt to reproduce a large, adult mammal through cloning. (exposingsatanism.org)
  • The United States Senate Judiciary Committee also is reviewing the human cloning issue. (wnd.com)
  • The new work by scientists in Pittsburgh provides an explanation for why hundreds of attempts to clone monkeys have all failed despite successes in several other mammals. (irfi.org)
  • You can't say, taking this information in isolation, that it's easier to clone primates and humans,' he said. (irfi.org)
  • The scientists said they suspect that similar roadblocks exist for all primates -- the evolutionary grouping that includes monkeys and humans. (irfi.org)
  • Even the world's most famous sheep clone, Dolly, who died recently suffered from problems linked to this gene. (irfi.org)
  • It seems that a little knowledge is a dangerous thing, and the authors have allowed themselves to over-interpretate their interesting results,' said Professor Ian Wilmut of the Roslin Institute, in Edinburgh, leader of the team, which cloned Dolly the sheep. (irfi.org)
  • More than 90% of cloning attempts fail to produce viable offspring. (wikiquote.org)
  • Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
  • Unicellular for those cells that are derived from human organisms are primed to replicate (clone) pre-embryos, which seem to have a high themselves by nature. (who.int)
  • Cloning technology, however, is perceived as having the potential for reproductive cloning, which raises serious ethical and moral concerns. (who.int)
  • The newly discovered obstacle makes it more likely than ever that rogue scientists' recent claims to have created cloned babies were fraud. (irfi.org)
  • After years of experiments …cloning hit the big time in February 1997. (exposingsatanism.org)
  • 1997. Metabolic activation of aromatic amines by human pancreas. (cdc.gov)
  • Considered contrary to the moral law, since (it is in) opposition to the dignity both of human procreation and of the conjugal union. (wikiquote.org)
  • The Senate will consider three bills on human cloning in the spring. (wnd.com)
  • The first obstacle to cloning your dog is that $100,000 cost. (wikiquote.org)
  • Can biotechnology firms claim genetically modified, or GM, human embryos as intellectual property rights? (wnd.com)
  • The intent of this legislation is to prevent the cloning of humans,' said Rep. Beard. (lifenews.com)
  • The researchers then used these cells as the source of genetic material to clone pigs with organs that lacked the sugar groups responsible for HAR. (reasons.org)
  • Will the World Trade Organization need to prepare for trade regulations governing human embryos? (wnd.com)
  • But in order to become a part of medical history, parahuman reproduction and human genetic engineering must circumvent the recalcitrance of an antiquated culture. (lifeissues.net)
  • a) Note, again, the reference to only sexual human reproduction - "the moment of conception" - i.e., fertilization. (lifeissues.net)
  • Although cloning is not an important issue presently, it could potentially replace sexual reproduction as our method of producing children. (bartleby.com)
  • Even if you don't have a religious view of the sanctity of life, you have to ask is there going to be a massive trade in human eggs from poor women to rich countries. (wikiquote.org)
  • It is quite possible that the advances in human biology in the remainder of the twentieth century will be remembered as the most significant scientific achievement of the animal species known as Homo sapiens . (lifeissues.net)
  • Thus, while Ramsey agreed that there is a human being present immediately at fertilization, he did not agree that it was also a human embryo or a human person - the classic "pre-embryo" argument. (lifeissues.net)
  • One such approach, called "xenotransplantation" (the transplantation of living cells, tissues, and organs from one species to another species), turns to pigs as a source of organs for human transplants. (reasons.org)
  • The basic techniques of of the implanted nucleus, when it fully cloning have been known for some time, and develops. (who.int)
  • But it is perhaps not auspicious to quote him for purposes of the scientific debates on human cloning, because Ramsey agreed with and supported the scientific myth of the "pre-embryo" 47 made famous by Jesuit Richard McCormick and frog embryologist Clifford Grobstein. (lifeissues.net)
  • The scientific community expects the same for human clones. (reasons.org)
  • Action by various states, nations and international organizations was spurred by the November announcement by Massachusetts-based Advanced Cell Technology that it had successfully cloned human embryos. (wnd.com)
  • Cloning is as much an art as it is a science," said Robert Lanza of Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Massachusetts. (exposingsatanism.org)
  • The process has been rife with delay, people caught within human rights complaints usually feel like they're lost in some kind of Kafkaesque nightmare. (lifesitenews.com)
  • This process allows people to clone living things of any sort. (bartleby.com)
  • un tel dialogue prendra en considération non seulement les bienfaits scientifiques mais également les implications morales, éthiques et juridiques. (who.int)
  • The committee is expected to "define a negotiation mandate" for a possible treaty to ban human reproductive cloning. (wnd.com)
  • France and Germany originally proposed that human reproductive cloning be banned under a treaty to be negotiated at the U.N. (wnd.com)
  • a) It would seem that Saunders uses the "potential" argument here quite appropriately, but it is critical that the term be understood properly in order to deflect any misunderstandings or misinterpretations - especially if the term were to be used in any U. N. treaty on human cloning. (lifeissues.net)
  • If the term "potential" were to be incorporated into a U. N. treaty on human cloning, it would be necessary to clarify its use as referring to an already existing human being/person. (lifeissues.net)
  • Practical implementation of reproductive cloning suffers significant problems. (reasons.org)
  • Many scientists were dismayed and scientists involved in animal cloning warned of the many practical problems in cloning. (irfi.org)
  • In January, the company revealed that a promising bovine study confirmed their expectations that cloned embryo cells could be directed to grow a functioning organ. (wnd.com)
  • HAR occurs because the sugar groups on the surface of pig and human cells differ. (reasons.org)
  • Given that we have an efficiency of 1% cloning for livestock species and if only one in a thousand cells are viable then around 100,000 cells would need to be transferred. (wikiquote.org)
  • 6. " ... any living human embryo has the inherent 'potential' to develop into a healthy baby . (lifeissues.net)
  • Thus if by "potential" one means "potency" - i.e., that the early human embryo already exists with a human nature that is already there, and has its own inherent power or capacity (provided by that human nature) to simply grow bigger and bigger through all the usual developmental stages through birth, then such a statement stands as accurate - both scientifically and philosophically. (lifeissues.net)
  • On the other hand, if by "potential" one means that the human embryo is not a human being or human person yet , but might be later once it has been born (i.e., a "baby"), then that statement is both scientifically and philosophically incorrect. (lifeissues.net)
  • IF they have human aspects, then it is highly likely that they can recognize their tragic state. (exposingsatanism.org)
  • Originally the relevant philosophical term was "potency" (or inherent power or capacity conveyed by a specific nature) was used to apply to an already existing substance - such as a new living human embryo. (lifeissues.net)
  • The right to have children is understood in very different ways and people's ethics and values are put to the test each and everyday when they find out they not only must take care of themselves but the lives of another human being. (bartleby.com)
  • 1. Cloning is an umbrella term traditionally used to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. (who.int)
  • 1979. Chemicals and industrial processes associated with cancer in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • General Assembly the adoption of a declaration on human cloning by which Member States were called upon to prohibit all forms of human cloning inasmuch as they are incompatible with human dignity and the protection of human life. (who.int)
  • This technique is surrounded by strong ethical concerns and is considered a threat to human dignity. (who.int)
  • We can ask Governor Blanco to make an authentic human cloning ban an administration priority because it is clear that her active involvement is critical. (lifenews.com)
  • Dr. Irving, whose Ph.D. included a doctoral concentration in secular bioethics at the world's foremost bioethics institute, noted that the bill was poorly prepared using faulty science and lacking basic definitions necessary to have the law actually ban cloning as it claims it does. (lifesitenews.com)
  • A recent UNESCO draft document, although rather vague and deficient in itself, probably does the best job of at least initially identifying and describing some of these new reproductive technologies in relatively simple form, with a few generalized helpful sketches online. (lifeissues.net)
  • So long as this form of cloning (non-human) in different culture media. (who.int)
  • In addition to low success rates, cloned animals tend to have more compromised immune function and higher rates of infection, tumor growth, and other disorders. (wikiquote.org)
  • Though the science of cloning presents opportunity to exploit and devalue human life, it may, on the other hand, provide the means to alleviate significant human suffering in a way that upholds the sanctity of human life. (reasons.org)
  • This means that hundreds of human embryos would die to achieve a single live human clone birth. (reasons.org)
  • Critics of reproductive cloning point out that it inevitably will be used to create a "master race" of humans. (wnd.com)
  • A third view says that cloning will provide for the possibility of improvement by giving birth to children who are free of birth defects, because when any two people create a child through sex there is the possibility for genetic defects. (bartleby.com)
  • Ramsey's statement could thus not apply to the issue of human cloning to begin with. (lifeissues.net)
  • b) But there is a more fundamental reason why Ramsey's statement might not apply to the issue of human cloning. (lifeissues.net)
  • Reproductive cloning in animals has a 3-8 percent success rate. (wnd.com)
  • In the middle of the year 2001 a group of scientists said cloning humans might be easier than cloning animals. (irfi.org)
  • But in many animals other than humans, one of these genes is turned off. (irfi.org)
  • For example many clones die early or they are born with genetic deformities, and develop terminal illnesses such as cancer. (irfi.org)
  • According to them this difference arose about 70 million years ago to help control the size of babies in the wombs of very early human ancestors. (irfi.org)