• The CD58 antigen, known as the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3), mediates cellular adhesion and participates in signal transduction when it binds to its ligand, the CD2 antigen. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • CD48 is a GPI-anchored protein broadly expressed on hematopoietic cells and serves as a high affinity ligand for 2B4 and low affinity ligand for CD2. (exbio.cz)
  • The major ligand for CD2 is CD58 (also known as LFA-3). (biolegend.com)
  • By generating new knockout mouse strains lacking CD2 or CD48 in the C57BL/6 background, we determined that whereas CD2 was necessary on T cells for T cell activation, its ligand CD48 was not required on APCs. (bvsalud.org)
  • In humans CD58 is a ligand for CD2 while in mice CD2 binds CD48. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We constructed a soluble chimeric molecule comprising the extracellular portion of rat CD48 and domains 3 and 4 of rat CD4 (sCD48-CD4) and used it to examine whether CD2 is a ligand for CD48 in rats. (ox.ac.uk)
  • All four contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular domain that can interact with a multitude of signaling molecules and exhibit both ligand-dependent and ligand-independent activity. (iiab.me)
  • CD2 has also been reported to bind CD48, CD59, and CD15. (biolegend.com)
  • Structural and functional epitopes of the human adhesion receptor CD58 (LFA- 3). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • It has also been called T-cell surface antigen T11/Leu-5, LFA-2, LFA-3 receptor, erythrocyte receptor and rosette receptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD2 is a 50 kD type I transmembrane glycoprotein also known as LFA-2, T11, and sheep red blood cell receptor (SRBC-R). This immunoglobulin superfamily member is expressed on thymocytes, T lymphocytes, NK cells, and thymic B cell subsets. (biolegend.com)
  • Human cell surface receptor CD58, also known as lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3 (LFA-3), plays a critical role in the early stages of immune response through interacting with CD2. (bvsalud.org)
  • CD2-CD48 interactions on T cells enabled more robust T cell receptor (TCR) signals, including protein tyrosine phosphorylation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 , also known as CD340 (cluster of differentiation 340), proto-oncogene Neu , Erbb2 (rodent), or ERBB2 (human), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ERBB2 gene. (iiab.me)
  • It is also frequently called HER2 (from human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 ) or HER2/neu . (iiab.me)
  • HER2 is a member of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER/EGFR/ERBB) family. (iiab.me)
  • HER2 is so named because it has a similar structure to human epidermal growth factor receptor, or HER1. (iiab.me)
  • The ErbB family consists of four plasma membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinases. (iiab.me)
  • CD4 is a co-receptor of the T cell receptor (TCR) and assists the latter in communicating with antigen-presenting cells . (wikidoc.org)
  • [12] The binding to CD4 creates a shift in the conformation of gp120 allowing HIV-1 to bind to a co-receptor expressed on the host cell. (wikidoc.org)
  • However, both CD48 and CD58 are also expressed on T cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • CD2, CD48 and CD58 are structurally similar cell adhesion-molecules forming a subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF). (ox.ac.uk)
  • This adhesion occurs as part of the transitory initial encounters between T cells and Antigen Presenting Cells before T cell activation , when T cells are roaming the lymph nodes looking at the surface of APCs for peptide:MHC complexes the T-cell receptors are reactive to. (wikidoc.org)
  • NK cells contribute to cancer immune surveillance not only by their direct natural cytotoxicity which is triggered rapidly upon stimulation through germline-encoded cell surface receptors, but also by modulating T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses through maintaining the quality of dendritic cells and enhancing the presentation of tumor antigens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Furthermore, similar to T cells, specific recognition and elimination of cancer cells by NK cells can be markedly enhanced through expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which provides an opportunity to generate NK-cell therapeutics of defined specificity for cancer immunotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
  • LECs can modulate dendritic cell function, present antigens to T cells on MHC class I and MHC class II molecules, and express immunomodulatory cytokines and receptors, which suggests that their roles in adaptive immunity are far more extensive than previously realized. (jci.org)
  • Rincón J, Patarroyo M. Effect of antibodies from the T-cell ('CD2 only') and the NK/non-lineage (new panel only) sections on adhesion of Jurkat (T) cells to human erythrocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • sCD48-CD4-coated polystyrene Dynabeads formed rosettes on rat CD2-transfected COS-7 cells, and this rosetting was blocked by anti-CD2 (OX34) and anti-CD48 (OX45) monoclonal antibodies. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The CD58 (Anti-LFA-3) antibody, clone L306.4, is derived from the hybridization of Sp2/0 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells isolated from C3H/HeN mice immunized with Lc-LFA-3 mouse L-cell transfectant. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The CD58 antibody (Anti-LFA-3) recognizes a 40- to 65-kilodalton (kDa) cell-surface glycoprotein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Flow cytometry surface staining pattern of human peripheral whole blood stained using anti-human CD48 (MEM-102) purified antibody (concentration in sample 3 μg/ml, GAM APC). (exbio.cz)
  • Separation of CD48 positive lymphocytes (red-filled) from neutrophil granulocytes (black-dashed) in flow cytometry analysis (surface staining) of human peripheral whole blood using anti-human CD48 (MEM-102) purified antibody (concentration in sample 3 μg/ml, GAM APC). (exbio.cz)
  • Competitive binding research The competitive binding of peptide 6 with Birinapant (TL32711) FITC-labeled antibody Compact disc58 was examined using movement cytometry. (bio-biz-navi.com)
  • Two gRNAs were identified that resulted in a single amino acid substitution at the CD45 epitope, which resulted in a complete lack of CD45 binding by the BC8 antibody. (acir.org)
  • DX5 is a monoclonal antibody which binds to CD49b. (wikidoc.org)
  • CD47 belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily [1] and partners with membrane integrins and also binds the ligands thrombospondin-1 ( TSP-1 ) and signal-regulatory protein alpha ( SIRPα ). (wikidoc.org)
  • CD47 ( C luster of D ifferentiation 47) also known as integrin associated protein (IAP) is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the CD47 gene . (wikidoc.org)
  • [1] In humans, the CD4 protein is encoded by the CD4 gene . (wikidoc.org)
  • A heterodimeric protein that is a cell surface antigen associated with lymphocyte activation. (wakehealth.edu)
  • The initial characterization of this protein revealed one identifiable heavy chain (ANTIGENS, CD98 HEAVY CHAIN) and an indeterminate smaller light chain. (wakehealth.edu)
  • In addition to its adhesive properties, CD2 also acts as a co-stimulatory molecule on T and NK cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD58 , or lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3 (LFA-3), is a cell adhesion molecule expressed on Antigen Presenting Cells (APC), particularly macrophages . (wikidoc.org)
  • The TCR complex and CD4 each bind to distinct regions of the antigen-presenting MHCII molecule - α1/β1 and β2, respectively. (wikidoc.org)
  • Uniprot database entry for CD2 (accession number P06729) Wilkins AL, Yang W, Yang JJ (2003). (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, correlation analysis demonstrated the significant association between CD58 and CD274 (r = 0.581, p (bvsalud.org)
  • The lymphatic vessels and secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) are arranged in a manner that optimizes interactions among antigens, APCs, and innate and adaptive effector cells. (jci.org)
  • It interacts with other adhesion molecules, such as lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3/CD58) in humans, or CD48 in rodents, which are expressed on the surfaces of other cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ultrastructure of LGLs binding to any of the adhesion molecules does not have the characteristics of LGLs in cytolytic contact with target cells, suggesting that the mediation of an attack on a target requires more complex stimulus than any one of the single adhesion proteins tested here. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cellular interactions regulated by the CD58/CD2 antigens are involved in the antigen-independent adhesion pathway and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The functional significance, distribution, and structure of LFA-1, LFA-2, and LFA-3: cell surface antigens associated with CTL-target interactions. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) studies in nonimmune cells provided evidence that cis interactions between CD2 and CD48 existed within individual cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Recent research identified CD58 as a surface marker of colorectal cancer (CRC), which can upregulate the Wnt pathway and promote self-renewal of colorectal tumor-initiating cells (CT-ICs) by degradation of Dickkopf 3. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, it was also shown that knockdown of CD58 significantly impaired tumor growth. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we discuss effects of the GB tumor microenvironment on NK-cell functionality, summarize early treatment attempts with ex vivo activated NK cells, and describe relevant CAR target antigens validated with CAR-T cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • CAR T cell therapy for hematological cancers can be highly effective, but is currently limited to antigens that are only expressed by tumor cells or by lineages that are non-essential. (acir.org)
  • Targeting antigens expressed by all tumor cells is often associated with on-target/off-tumor toxicities to normal hematopoietic cells. (acir.org)
  • Therapy resulted in a decrease in tumor burden and improved survival, while human HSPC remained in the peripheral blood and bone marrow, suggesting they were protected from killing. (acir.org)
  • CD47 is ubiquitously expressed in human cells and has been found to be overexpressed in many different tumor cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • T cells displaying CD4 molecules (and not CD8 ) on their surface, therefore, are specific for antigens presented by MHC II and not by MHC class I (they are MHC class II-restricted ). (wikidoc.org)
  • [8] Binding of TSP-1 to CD47 influences several fundamental cellular functions including cell migration and adhesion, cell proliferation or apoptosis, and plays a role in the regulation of angiogenesis and inflammation. (wikidoc.org)
  • Activation of CD47 with TSP-1 increases proliferation of human U87 and U373 astrocytoma cells but not normal astrocytes . (wikidoc.org)
  • Expression of several stem cell markers , including c-Myc , is elevated in CD47-null endothelial cells and a human T cell line lacking CD47. (wikidoc.org)
  • However, the CD2-CD58 axis, an important component of the immunological synapse, remains unknown in LGG. (bvsalud.org)
  • 00:14.1 Today, I'm going to talk to you about 00:16.1 the immunological synapse, 00:17.2 Part 1 - antigen recognition. (ibiology.org)
  • We further examined the power of peptide 6 to modulate antigen-specific immune system response inside a human being RA-relevant pet model through the use of CIA-susceptible HLA-class II transgenic mice. (bio-biz-navi.com)
  • Superimposing the amino acids relevant for binding to the BC8 CAR onto the crystal structure of the CD45 extracellular domain revealed a conformational epitope. (acir.org)
  • The resulting close proximity between the TCR complex and CD4 (extracellular and intracellular) allows the tyrosine kinase Lck bound to the cytoplasmic tail of CD4 to tyrosine-phosphorylate the Immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motifs (ITAM) on the cytoplasmic domains of CD3 to amplify the signal generated by the TCR. (wikidoc.org)
  • Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were stained with CD3 PE and CD2 (clone RPA-2.10) Alexa Fluor® 700 (left), or mouse IgG1, κ Alexa Fluor® 700 isotype control (right). (biolegend.com)
  • CD58 expression correlated with infiltrations of CD4+ lymphocytes, NK cells, and macrophages cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Large granular lymphocytes, mediators of NK activity, bind to other cells using both the LFA (lymphocyte function-associated)-1-ICAM and the CD2-LFA-3 adhesion pathways. (ox.ac.uk)
  • To overcome this, the researchers used the same epitope base editing in human CD34 + hematopoietic stem and precursor cells (HSPC), to protect them from CAR45 BE killing. (acir.org)
  • Immunologists recognized the importance of lymphatic vessels as channels for leukocyte trafficking from peripheral sites to their draining LNs ( 4 - 6 ), and as conduits for soluble antigens that can be taken up directly by LN-resident B cells and immature DCs ( 7 - 10 ), which help regulate the kinetics of antigen presentation. (jci.org)
  • We used sucrose-gradient ultracentrifugation to show that sCD48-CD4 binds, in solution, to soluble forms of rat CD2 including the single NH2-terminal IgSF domain of rat CD2 expressed in bacteria. (ox.ac.uk)
  • MetaSape pathways analysis revealed the involvement of CD58 in regulating T cell activation, leukocyte-mediated immunity, and the positive regulation of cell activation in WHO grade II and III. (bvsalud.org)
  • To map the amino acids required for the binding of CAR45 constructs, the researchers performed alanine mutagenesis of the CD45 D1 domain, again using myc-tagged WT CD45RO as a template. (acir.org)
  • When NALM6 cells with CD45 alanine mutants were cocultured with CD45KO CAR primary human T cells, four mutation constructs reduced or removed BC8-derived CAR T cell activation. (acir.org)
  • Polymorphisms in the CD58 gene are associated with increased risk for multiple sclerosis . (wikidoc.org)
  • Human ITGA2 genome location and ITGA2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser . (wikidoc.org)
  • In a study of this gene among the Hominoidea two finding unique to humans emerged: (1) an excess of non-synonymous divergence among species that appears to be caused solely by accelerated evolution and (2) the ability of the single GYPC gene to encode both the GPC and GPD proteins. (wikidoc.org)
  • CD2 is a specific marker for T cells and NK cells, and can therefore be used in immunohistochemistry to identify the presence of such cells in tissue sections. (wikipedia.org)
  • It binds to CD2 (LFA-2) [3] [4] on T cells and is important in strengthening the adhesion between the T cells and Professional Antigen Presenting Cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • [5] . Genomic region containing the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs1335532, associated with high risk of multiple sclerosis , has enhancer properties and can significantly boost the CD58 promoter activity in lymphoblast cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • Mathew SO, Kumaresan PR, Lee JK, Huynh VT, Mathew PA: Mutational analysis of the human 2B4 (CD244)/CD48 interaction: Lys68 and Glu70 in the V domain of 2B4 are critical for CD48 binding and functional activation of NK cells. (exbio.cz)
  • LECs are presumably the first cells that come into direct contact with peripheral antigens, cytokines, danger signals, and immune cells travelling from peripheral tissues to lymph nodes. (jci.org)
  • Our data demonstrates this peptide binds to Compact disc58-bearing Caco-2 cells aswell as to Compact disc48 (homologous to Compact disc58 in human beings) from rodents. (bio-biz-navi.com)
  • In another group of Eppendorf pipes Caco-2 cells had been added with 50 μL of FITC-labeled anti-CD58 100 μL of peptide 6 at different concentrations was added and incubated for 30 min at 4 °C. Following the incubation the Birinapant (TL32711) cells had been Birinapant (TL32711) spun down at 720 × g at space temp for 10 min and resuspended in 4-5 mL of PBS. (bio-biz-navi.com)
  • The adverse control was Caco-2 cells without FITC-anti-CD58. (bio-biz-navi.com)
  • Caco-2 cells concurrently treated using the peptide at different concentrations and with FITC-labeled anti-CD58 had Birinapant (TL32711) been analyzed using movement cytometry. (bio-biz-navi.com)
  • Activation of the LGLs with a combination of CD2 mAb T11(2) and T11(3) (T11(2/3) mAb) reduced the movement on ICAM-1 and virtually immobilized the cells on the other bilayers. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The mRNA from human erythroblasts is ~1.4 kilobases long and the transcription start site in erythroid cells has been mapped to 1050 base pairs 5' of the start codon. (wikidoc.org)
  • CD4+ T helper cells are white blood cells that are an essential part of the human immune system. (wikidoc.org)
  • SwissProt sequences and OMIM curated human diseases associated with missense mutations within the IG domain. (embl.de)
  • For assessment identical sequences from mouse and rat CD2 are shown also. (bio-biz-navi.com)
  • The great majority of T cell lymphomas and leukaemias also express CD2, making it possible to use the presence of the antigen to distinguish these conditions from B cell neoplasms. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD2 plays a critical role in alternative T cell activation, T cell signaling, and cell-cell adhesion. (biolegend.com)
  • High CD58 expression is implicated in T cell-mediated immune responses as an immunosuppressive factor and affect inhibitory immune checkpoint genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • 04:02.2 So, these are important contributions 04:04.1 that studying the immune system 04:06.3 has made to human health. (ibiology.org)
  • Competitive binding was analyzed by fluorescence dish reader assay also. (bio-biz-navi.com)
  • Antigens, CD98" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (wakehealth.edu)
  • In this study, we developed a structure-based virtual screening pipeline using Autodock Vina and binding analysis and identified a group of small molecular compounds having the potential to bind with CD58. (bvsalud.org)
  • Their proposed binding models were further verified by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and some pharmaceutically relevant chemical and physical properties were predicted. (bvsalud.org)
  • A molecular model can be suggested for binding peptide 6 to Compact disc58 and Compact disc48 using docking research. (bio-biz-navi.com)
  • The NH2-terminal domain of rat CD2 binds rat CD48 with a low affinity and binding does not require glycosylation of CD2. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The upper limit of the affinity of the rat CD48-CD2 interaction is 4 x 10(5) M-1, lower than the published affinity of human CD2 for CD58. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These results show that rat CD48 binds CD2 on its NH2-terminal IgSF domain with a low affinity and that binding is independent of glycosylation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Korinek V, Stefanova I, Angelisova P, Hilgert I, Horejsi V: The human leucocyte antigen CD48 (MEM-102) is closely related to the activation marker Blast-1. (exbio.cz)
  • The ESTIMATE algorithm indicated that patients with high CD58 expression had significantly higher immune scores compared with low CD58 expression in WHO grade II/III, but no statistical difference was observed in WHO grade IV (p (bvsalud.org)
  • Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic analysis, and the ESTIMATE algorithm were employed to evaluate the impact of the CD2-CD58 axis on adult LGG patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSION: Overall, our findings highlight the significant association between the CD2-CD58 axis and poor survival in LGG patients. (bvsalud.org)