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Human cortical organoids (hCOs), derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), provide a platform to study human brain development and diseases in complex three-dimensional tissue. (nih.gov)
Using induced cells, adult cells from patients, which are reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state, will also allow researchers to better understand the etiology and progression of a variety of neurological disorders. (wisc.edu)
These stem cells as well as human embryonic stem cells were then used to generate cerebral cortex cells. (scitechdaily.com)
So-called iPS cells are made by removing mature cells from an individual - often from the skin or blood - and reprogramming them to behave like embryonic stem cells. (deccanchronicle.com)
The fact that the clinical trial uses iPS cells rather than human embryonic cells means the treatment would be acceptable in countries such as Ireland and much of Latin America, where embryonic cells are banned. (deccanchronicle.com)
Wutz, A. Haploid mouse embryonic stem cells: rapid genetic screening and germline transmission. (nature.com)
Leeb, M. & Wutz, A. Derivation of haploid embryonic stem cells from mouse embryos. (nature.com)
Forward and reverse genetics through derivation of haploid mouse embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Generation of genetically modified mice by oocyte injection of androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells produce live transgenic mice. (nature.com)
Genetic modification and screening in rat using haploid embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Generation of haploid embryonic stem cells from Macaca fascicularis monkey parthenotes. (nature.com)
Derivation and differentiation of haploid human embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Particularly, human embryonic stem cells (hES cells), which can give rise to all tissues of an organism (Figure A), are used to generate mature cells of the heart (Figure B) allowing us to study radiation/microgravity-induced cardiovascular alterations, which may occur during long-term space missions. (gsi.de)
A) Colonies of human embryonic stem cells, bright field microscopy, scale bar: 100µm. (gsi.de)
Help us to be faithful to this sacred trust so that we may protect and promote the dignity of every human life from the very moment of conception, particularly the tiniest humans in the embryonic stage of human development who are so often forgotten by society & used by modern science. (archdiocese-no.org)
To create embryos with the intention of destroying them, even with the intention of helping the sick, is completely incompatible with human dignity, because it makes the existence of a human being at the embryonic stage nothing more than a means to be used and destroyed. (archdiocese-no.org)
Human brain organoids are created using induced pluripotent stem cells, also known as iPS cells, which are derived from skin or blood cells that have been reprogrammed back to an embryonic stem cell-like state allowing scientists to create any cell type. (neurosciencenews.com)
Nearly 150 years ago, Julius Cohnheim first proposed the CSC hypothesis (also called the "embryonal-rest theory") that suggested the presence of embryonic-like cancerous cell remnants in adult tissues that can develop into cancer in a non-spontaneous way (1). (ptglab.com)
However, the isolation and culture of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in 1981 by Martin Evans and Matthew Kaufman marked a significant turning point in stem cell research. (mornd.com)
Stem cells can be broadly classified into two main categories: embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and adult stem cells (ASCs). (mornd.com)
Researchers from the Harvard Stem Cell Institute have identified a vital protein that can help determine embryonic development. (scitechdaily.com)
The protein, Notum, first discovered in fruit flies in 2002 and then found in mice and humans, is one of many that help determine embryonic development. (scitechdaily.com)
When Notum was not present, the embryos would become a sack of skin cells with no head and a tiny brain, a result of embryonic progenitor cells making only epidermal but not neural cells. (scitechdaily.com)
The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)
2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)
Immunohisto- have been used for positive selection of NSCs from em- chemistry on human embryonic central nervous system bryonic mice (Nagato et al. (lu.se)
The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is brain. (lu.se)

These include cerebral organoids with improved reproducibility, long-term culture using a specialized air-liquid interface to enable functional maturation, the development of new ways of imaging organoids with electron cryo-tomography, and the establishment of organoids that produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and model a selective brain barrier. (wikipedia.org)
The team also measured the protein's expression in mouse and ferret brain cells and in human cerebral organoids- mini brains grown from stem cells . (the-scientist.com)
We then differentiate iPSCs into cortical neurons or three-dimensional human brain structures called 'organoids' in order to probe genetic abnormalities and the underlying molecular mechanisms. (virginia.edu)
In such organoids, we can also mimic brain tumor initiation and growth and examine the interaction between normal tissue and tumor tissue upon treatment with ionizing radiation alone or in combination with other treatment modalities such as chemotherapies. (gsi.de)
The Shi laboratory has established protocols for differentiating human iPSCs into a variety of cell types, including brain cells, blood cells, and organoids, and has developed cellular models and cell therapeutic candidates for diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Canavan disease, and glioblastoma. (postdocjobs.com)
Brain organoids, or mini-brains, created from human stem cells appear to develop in much the same way as a human brain. (neurosciencenews.com)
The organoids follow an internal clock that guides their maturation in sync with the timeline for human brain development. (neurosciencenews.com)
A new study from UCLA and Stanford University researchers finds that three-dimensional human stem cell-derived 'mini brain' organoids can mature in a manner that is strikingly similar to human brain development. (neurosciencenews.com)
They found that these 3D organoids follow an internal clock that guides their maturation in sync with the timeline of human development. (neurosciencenews.com)
We've shown that these organoids can mature and replicate many aspects of normal human development - making them a good model for studying human disease in a dish," he said. (neurosciencenews.com)
Human stem cell-derived organoids have the potential to revolutionize the practice of medicine by giving researchers unprecedented insights into how complex organs - including the brain - develop and respond to disease. (neurosciencenews.com)
For several years, researchers have been growing human brain organoids to study human neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders, such as epilepsy, autism and schizophrenia. (neurosciencenews.com)
The utility of these models has been hindered by the widespread belief that the cells that make up these organoids remain stuck in a developmental state analogous to the cells seen in fetal development. (neurosciencenews.com)
We show that these 3D brain organoids follow an internal clock, which progresses in a laboratory environment in parallel to what occurs inside a living organism," said first author Aaron Gordon, PhD, a post doc in The Geschwind Lab at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. (neurosciencenews.com)
That crucial limitation has, thus far, put the kibosh on organoids fulfilling their grail-like destiny - to become full size transplant organs right there in the lab, tailor-made from patients' own cells and not subject to rejection. (cosmosmagazine.com)
They used primary human cortical tissues and cortical organoids derived from stem cells to test if SARS-CoV-2 can directly infect brain cells. (aku.edu)
This is achieved by growing human cortical organoids in culture and inserting them into developing rodent brains to see how they integrate and function over time. (finchannel.com)
Researchers sometimes use cortical organoids-three-dimensional cultures of human stem cells that can mirror some of the developmental processes seen in typical brains-as a model for investigating how some aspects of the human brain develops and functions. (finchannel.com)
However, cortical organoids lack the connectivity seen in typical human brains, limiting their usefulness for understanding complex brain processes. (finchannel.com)
In this study, the team of researchers advanced the use of brain organoids for research by transplanting an intact human cortical organoid into a developing rat brain. (finchannel.com)
The researchers used methods previously pioneered in the Pasca lab to create cortical organoids using human-induced pluripotent stem cells-cells derived from adult skin cells that have been reprogrammed into an immature stem-cell-like state. (finchannel.com)
They then implanted these organoids onto the rat primary somatosensory cortex, a part of the brain involved in processing sensation. (finchannel.com)
To understand the extent to which the organoids could integrate into the rat somatosensory cortex, the researchers infected a cortical organoid with a viral tracer that spreads through brain cells as an indicator of functional connections. (finchannel.com)
Structurally and functionally, after seven to eight months of growth, the transplanted brain organoid resembled neurons from human brain tissue more than human organoids maintained in cell culture. (finchannel.com)
The fact that the transplanted organoids mirrored the structural and functional features of human cortical neurons led the researchers to wonder if they could use transplanted organoids to examine aspects of human disease processes. (finchannel.com)

Doctors who treat Parkinson's disease could provide healthy new neurons to replace brain cells ravaged by disease. (newsreview.com)
Stem cell-derived cerebral organoid: radial glia stem cells (red), neurons (blue), AXL receptors (green) ELIZABETH DI LULLO (VIA EUREKALERT ) Evidence of a link between Zika virus infection and microcephaly continues to mount. (the-scientist.com)
It is the first demonstration of goal-directed learning from neurons and provides a basis for future research into how drugs and diseases affect neurons, as well as future development of machines integrated with biomaterial that can do work that may be dangerous or hard to access for humans. (courthousenews.com)
A panel of electrodes recorded spikes in activity as neurons from mouse and human cells learned how to play the game based on stimulation feedback from either successful hits or misses. (courthousenews.com)
Testing showed that not only were the cells able to learn in real time how to better play the game, but it was also able to self-organize in specific conditions, indicating, according to the study, the true adaptability of neurons to respond to varied stimuli. (courthousenews.com)
This is going to answer questions that are fundamental to how we think about ourselves as humans, because yes, you can use neurons as a material, but also how we became the intelligent thinking creatures that we are," Kagan said. (courthousenews.com)
As we uncover how these neurons work for their biomaterial properties, we also learn what it means for us in the human sense. (courthousenews.com)
The scientists, who will publish their findings on February 21 in Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience , used the mini-brains to determine that the common antidepressant paroxetine suppresses the growth of synapses, or connection points between neurons, and leads to significant decreases in an important support-cell population. (scienceblog.com)
Myelin coats long sections, known as axons, of brain cells called neurons, and without it, the electrical signaling between neurons becomes sluggish and muddied, causing a variety of symptoms. (news-medical.net)
A large number of scientific reports indicate that adult stem cells have the ability to stimulate the generation of new neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes, and to promote therapeutic benefits for stroke patients. (startstemcells.com)
Interestingly, the study team found significant SARS-Cov-2 infection of the astrocytes - star-shaped neural cells that hold neurons in place and help with their proper functioning while the other neural cell types showed minimal infection in the brain. (aku.edu)
Astrocytes play a major role in the formation and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), regulation of neurotransmitters, control metabolic support, and inflammation in neurons. (aku.edu)
Researchers have been trying to overcome some of these limitations by transplanting individual human neurons into adult rodent brains. (finchannel.com)
While these transplanted neurons connect with rodent brain cells, they do not become fully integrated due to the developmental limitations of the adult rat brain. (finchannel.com)
Moreover, the researchers were able to activate human neurons in the transplanted organoid to modulate the rat's reward-seeking behavior. (finchannel.com)
As the stem cell rich blood supply washes over the brain tissue, the stem cells seem to repair the damaged neurons. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
In fact, animal research shows that stem cells are able to survive and migrate to damaged regions of the brain where they mature into functional neurons. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
Astrocytes are abundant cell types in the vertebrate central nervous system and can act as neural stem cells in specialized niches where they constitutively generate new neurons. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, finding out molecular mechanisms by which reactive astrocytes can be coaxed into neurons will be of utmost importance for regenerative therapies as these astrocytes are the imminent cell types around the lesion site. (frontiersin.org)
Studies suggest that in the brain, it helps direct the movement (migration) of nerve cells (neurons) during early development. (medlineplus.gov)
Recent evidence suggests that sAPP has growth-promoting properties and may play a role in the formation of neurons in the brain both before and after birth. (medlineplus.gov)
The brain rarely produces new nerve cells (neurons) but can make new support cells (glial cells) throughout life. (msdmanuals.com)

Researchers at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health have demonstrated the use of stem-cell-derived "mini-brains" to detect harmful side effects of a common drug on the developing brain. (scienceblog.com)
Mini-brains are miniature human brain models, developed with human cells and barely visible to the human eye, whose cellular mechanisms mimic those of the developing human brain. (scienceblog.com)
The study authors say that the findings suggest that lab-grown mini-brains, which they call BrainSpheres, are a good alternative to traditional animal testing. (scienceblog.com)
Hartung and colleagues developed the mini-brains to model early brain development. (scienceblog.com)
The mini-brains form a rudimentary brain-like organization over a period of a few months. (scienceblog.com)
In contrast, toxicity testing using mini-brains costs only a few thousand dollars. (scienceblog.com)
In the new study, the scientists used mini-brains to test for neurodevelopmental effects of paroxetine. (scienceblog.com)
The research team exposed mini-brains to two different concentrations of paroxetine over eight weeks as the clumps of tissue developed. (scienceblog.com)
In the experiments, the researchers also used two different sets of mini-brains, each derived from a different stem cell. (scienceblog.com)
Finally, the researchers noted that paroxetine-exposed mini-brains developed with up to 75 percent fewer oligodendrocytes, the support cells that are crucial for the proper "wiring" of the brain, than controls. (scienceblog.com)
The study also shows the broader potential of mini-brains-based testing to detect adverse effects of drugs on the developing brain. (scienceblog.com)
In this report, we were able to show that testing with mini-brains can reveal relatively subtle neurodevelopmental effects, not just obvious effects, of a chemical," Hartung says. (scienceblog.com)

Later post-mortem studies confirmed susceptibility of this tissue to the SARS-CoV-2 virus in human COVID-19 patients. (wikipedia.org)
The results show that the enzyme aminopeptidase in the stem cell niche -- in this case, the area where stem cells are found in the testicular tissue in fruit flies -- plays a role in both of these functions. (sciencedaily.com)
That's because there's a delicate balance to be struck in managing the proliferation of undifferentiated stem cells in tissue, Chen said. (sciencedaily.com)
The blastocyte contains stem cells, which have the potential to grow into any kind of human tissue, from blood and bone to brain and muscle. (newsreview.com)
It is widely believed that it will soon be possible to direct these stem cells to grow into whatever sort of tissue the patient might need, then transplant those cells to replace tissue destroyed by injury or disease. (newsreview.com)
The researchers then used immunohistochemistry to track where AXL was most prevalent in these cells, finding that it tended to build up in places where the cells touch cerebrospinal fluid or blood vessels-routes the Zika virus may use to infiltrate brain tissue. (the-scientist.com)
The tiny clumps of brain tissue are made by taking cells from adult humans, often from their skin, and transforming them into stem cells, and then biochemically nudging the stem cells to develop into young brain cells. (scienceblog.com)
For this purpose, we use human stem cells that play a pivotal role in tissue development, maintenance and function. (gsi.de)
Intrinsically, ischemic stroke indicates the cascade of congesting events, i.e., thrombus formation and embolism, that ultimately decreases the local blood flow and cause oxygen deprivation in affected brain tissue. (hindawi.com)
It is a pathological condition in which brain tissue cells die within minutes from a lack of oxygen and nutrients. (startstemcells.com)
Until recently, brain tissue damage was considered permanent. (startstemcells.com)
The cell-based treatment stimulates the re-growth of nerve tissue due to the therapeutic properties of stem cells. (startstemcells.com)
The procedure of stem cell treatment for stroke is safe and proven to activate cells around the suffering brain tissue to catalyze rapid healing and improve brain function. (startstemcells.com)
Hundreds of thousands of those organ breeze blocks are mixed into a slurry and compacted, at low temperature, to form a matrix of cells with roughly the density of human tissue. (cosmosmagazine.com)
This technique creates a unit of human tissue that can be examined and manipulated. (finchannel.com)
Blood vessels from the rat brain successfully supported the implanted tissue, which grew over time. (finchannel.com)
The hope is that these stem cells can regenerate and repair brain tissue to improve cognitive function and reduce memory loss. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
Various stem cell technologies have been used to regrow or repair all manner of human tissue-from cartilage in joints to heart tissue. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
Scientists uncover the promise of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as medicinal signaling cells, to modulate the immune system and regenerate tissue. (the-scientist.com)
The controversial oogonial stem cells eluded a team of Swedish researchers who mapped high-quality tissue samples of the human ovary, prompting more questions about the cells' existence. (the-scientist.com)
Scientists have developed a tissue-clearing protocol that allows them to peer into entire, transparent human organs. (the-scientist.com)
After implantation, the tissue developed blood vessels and became integrated into neuronal networks in the animals' brains. (the-scientist.com)
ESCs are derived from the inner cell mass of blastocysts, whereas ASCs are present in adult tissues and can be found in organs such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, and brain. (mornd.com)
ASCs possess a more limited differentiation potential compared to ESCs, primarily giving rise to cells specific to their tissue of origin. (mornd.com)
NSCs were successfully isolated from human fetal brain tissue, leading to the development of new strategies for neural repair. (mornd.com)
These findings could benefit stem cell researchers trying to create specific tissue types or organs in the lab. (scitechdaily.com)
Stem cell-based therapies offer a potential therapeutic approach to repair, restore, or regenerate injured brain tissue. (lu.se)
The large proteoglycan molecules made up of protein cores, and GAG branches are secreted by cells and constitute a significant fraction of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue. (medscape.com)
The enzyme deficiencies lead to the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the lysosomes of the cells in the connective tissue and to an increase in their excretion in the urine. (medscape.com)
Within the skull, the brain is covered by three layers of tissue called the meninges. (msdmanuals.com)
Although previous recommendations for preventing transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through transplantation of human tissue and organs have markedly reduced the risk for this type of transmission, a case of HIV transmission from a screened, antibody-negative donor to several recipients raised questions about the need for additional federal oversight of transplantation of organs and tissues. (cdc.gov)

In this study, we present the efficient differentiation of three different wild-type iPSC lines into brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). (ox.ac.uk)
Rudimentary models of the barrier have been created in the laboratory dish using human stem cells, but such models have depended on mixing a cocktail of cell types to elicit the complex chemical interplay that directs blank slate stem cells to become the endothelial cells that make up the blood-brain barrier. (wisc.edu)
The main advance is we now have a fully defined process that uses small molecules to guide cells through the developmental process," says University of Wisconsin-Madison Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering Sean Palecek of the method that substitutes chemical factors for cells to push stem cells to become the brain endothelial cells that compose the blood-brain barrier. (wisc.edu)
By identifying specific chemical molecules that can chaperone the cells through the various stages of development to become the brain endothelial cells, the Wisconsin team, in effect, provides a recipe to standardize making the cells in quantities useful for research and things like high-throughput drug screens. (wisc.edu)
The new method, he adds, will also allow industry to scale up production of the brain endothelial cells for drug discovery. (wisc.edu)
Gold nanocarriers for transport of oligonucleotides across brain endothelial cells. (open.ac.uk)
Zinc-imidazolate polymers (ZIPs) as a potential carrier to brain capillary endothelial cells. (open.ac.uk)
The ink melts, leaving channels which the researchers line with the endothelial cells found in human vessels. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Small airway epithelial cells exposure to printer-emitted engineered nanoparticle s induces cellular effects on human microvascular endothelial cells in an alveolar-capillary coculture model. (cdc.gov)

We found that vascularized hCOs (vhCOs) acquired several blood-brain barrier characteristics, including an increase in the expression of tight junctions, nutrient transporters and trans-endothelial electrical resistance. (nih.gov)
An Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Human Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Model to Test the Crossing by Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Vectors and Antisense Oligonucleotides. (ox.ac.uk)
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the specialised microvasculature system that shields the central nervous system (CNS) from potentially toxic agents. (ox.ac.uk)
We demonstrated superior barrier crossing by AAV serotype 9 compared to serotype 8, and no crossing by a cell-penetrating peptide-conjugated antisense oligonucleotide. (ox.ac.uk)
The blood-brain barrier is the brain's gatekeeper. (wisc.edu)
A team of UW-Madison researchers has developed a tightly defined, step-by-step process to turn multipurpose stem cells (top) into the cells that make the human blood-brain barrier (bottom), the anatomical feature that protects our brain from toxins and other threats that may be in circulating blood. (wisc.edu)
In a report published this week (Nov. 8, 2017) in Science Advances , researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison detail a defined, step-by-step process to make a more exact mimic of the human blood-brain barrier in the laboratory dish. (wisc.edu)
The new model will permit more robust exploration of the cells, their properties and how scientists might circumvent the barrier for therapeutic purposes. (wisc.edu)
A hydrogel model of the human blood-brain barrier using differentiated stem cells. (open.ac.uk)
A three-dimensional model of the human blood-brain barrier to analyse the transport of nanoparticles and astrocyte/endothelial interactions. (open.ac.uk)
Astrocytes bear multiple vital functions such as maintaining the ion homeostasis, contributing to the blood-brain barrier, restoring synaptic integrity, regulating immune response, and acting as neural stem cells ( Kettenmann and Ransom, 2012 ). (frontiersin.org)
Validation of Thiosemicarbazone Compounds as P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors in Human Primary Brain-Blood Barrier and Glioblastoma Stem Cells. (bvsalud.org)
The study, published Tuesday in the Lancet Oncology , represents the first human clinical trial to temporarily open the blood-brain barrier for chemotherapy. (scienceboard.net)
The blood-brain barrier, a microscopic structure, shields the brain from most circulating drugs. (scienceboard.net)
Previously, the most potent chemotherapy drugs, paclitaxel and carboplatin, were not used in treating the deadly brain cancer glioblastoma because they could not permeate the blood-brain barrier to reach the aggressive tumor. (scienceboard.net)
Temozolomide, the current glioblastoma chemotherapy, crosses the blood-brain barrier, but is a weak drug. (scienceboard.net)
The ultrasound and microbubble-based opening of the blood-brain barrier is transient, with most of the blood-brain barrier integrity restored within one hour following this procedure in humans. (scienceboard.net)
The researchers were also able to quantify the effect of the ultrasound-based blood-brain barrier opening, measuring an approximately four- to six-fold increase in paclitaxel and carboplatin concentrations in the human brain. (scienceboard.net)
Fortunately, the researchers found that using a skull-implantable grid of nine ultrasound emitters, designed by French biotech company Carthera, opens the blood-brain barrier in a sufficiently large volume of brain, nine times larger than the initial device. (scienceboard.net)
The blood-brain barrier also protects the brain. (msdmanuals.com)
The blood-brain barrier is necessary because in the brain, unlike in most of the body, the cells that form the capillary walls are tightly sealed, for example, to protect it from harm caused by toxins and infections. (msdmanuals.com)
Because the blood-brain barrier controls substances that can enter the brain, penicillin, many chemotherapy drugs, some toxic substances, and most proteins cannot pass into the brain. (msdmanuals.com)

By exposing cells to various agents, researchers can assess toxicity and effect of promising therapies. (wisc.edu)
To uncover what makes blood stem cells self-renew in a lab, the researchers analyzed the genes that turn off as human blood stem cells lose their ability to self-renew, noting which genes turned off when blood stem cells differentiate into specific blood cells such as white or red cells. (medicalxpress.com)
The researchers wondered if maintaining the level of the MLLT3 protein in blood stem cells in lab dishes would be sufficient to improve their self-renewing abilities. (medicalxpress.com)
better, the idea that researchers are currently at work on a technique known as "therapeutic cloning" in the hope of producing tissues and organs for transplant into human beings might strike you as a nightmare scenario straight out of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein . (newsreview.com)
Researchers then substitute a patient's DNA for the genetic material contained in the egg and coax it to grow into a blastocyte-a microscopic cluster of about 150 cells. (newsreview.com)
And researchers at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) have found a possible mechanism for how the mosquito-borne virus gains entry into brain cells: through the receptor protein AXL, which is commonly expressed in neural stem cells and developing retinal cells, according to a report published today (March 30) in Cell Stem Cell . (the-scientist.com)
The researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing. (the-scientist.com)
Researchers have long hoped to use stem cells to restore normal production of the neurotransmitter chemical. (deccanchronicle.com)
Parkinson's is caused by a lack of dopamine made by brain cells and researchers have long hoped to use stem cells to restore normal production of the neurotransmitter chemical. (deccanchronicle.com)
The clinical trials come after researchers at Japan's Kyoto University successfully used human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) to restore functioning brain cells in monkeys last year. (deccanchronicle.com)
CN) - Researchers in Australia show that gaming is for everyone, even a layer of brain cells hooked up to a computer chip. (courthousenews.com)
Although the study was conducted with mouse brain cells, researchers also utilized an ethical method to generate stem cells from human skin or blood cells, known as induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC). (courthousenews.com)
Researchers even noticed that the human brain cells were able to play the game slightly better than the mouse cells. (courthousenews.com)
The authors also provide a tool called GECO that allows researchers to browse their genes of interest for measuring fidelity between in vitro and in vivo brain. (neurosciencenews.com)
They lack tubes that mimic blood vessels and so researchers have struggled to get oxygen and nutrients into their core. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Now researchers, led by Jennifer Lewis at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University in the US, have come up with an ingenious way of sculpting channels that meander like real blood vessels through mini-organs. (cosmosmagazine.com)
To more accurately reflect the mechanisms driving oligodendrogliomas, the researchers used RNA sequencing to study directly, on a single-cell level, gene expression in samples from six early-stage human tumors. (technologynetworks.com)
Researchers from the University of California San Francisco and Gladstone Institutes in the USA, and the Aga Khan University in Pakistan, investigated if human neural cells can be infected by SARS-CoV-2. (aku.edu)
In this study, researchers also discovered another interesting finding that unlike COVID-19 infection in other organs which uses human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the entry point, the virus uses other receptors to enter and infect the brain. (aku.edu)
The researchers did not detect any motor or memory abnormalities or abnormalities in brain activity in the rats that received the transplanted organoid. (finchannel.com)
After transplanting the marked organoid onto the rat's primary somatosensory cortex, researchers detected the viral tracer in multiple brain areas, such as the ventrobasal nucleus and the somatosensory cortex. (finchannel.com)
Human pegivirus (HPgV) was originally described as a hepatitis virus by 2 independent groups of researchers and called GB virus C and hepatitis G virus ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
Researchers are still trying to untangle the causes of Alzheimer's disease, but what is clear is that, as Alzheimer's develops, specific nerve cells begin to die. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
At this free public event, our panel of researchers will showcase discoveries and tools that expand our foundational knowledge of the brain, the cell, and the immune system-and explore what this work means for understanding life and advancing health. (alleninstitute.org)
Researchers use a cutting-edge technique to map the blood vessels of brain tumors as patients are awake during surgery with the hope of reducing damage to adjacent tissues. (the-scientist.com)
Stanford Medicine researchers are hopeful that a proof-of-concept treatment in mice - blood stem cell transplants - may reduce signs of the neurodegenerative disease. (stanford.edu)
Researchers made progress in identifying and understanding the potential of neural stem cells (NSCs) for treating neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. (mornd.com)
Researchers focused on improving transplantation techniques and understanding stem cell niche interactions to enhance engraftment and minimize complications. (mornd.com)
Various organizations, including the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR), have formulated guidelines to provide ethical frameworks to researchers and practitioners. (mornd.com)
A protein that is necessary for the formation of the vertebrate brain has been identified by researchers at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI) and Boston Children's Hospital, in collaboration with scientists from Oxford and Rio de Janeiro. (scitechdaily.com)
The researchers say the finding, which has been successfully demonstrated in frog embryos, will help scientists control the differentiation of various cell types. (scitechdaily.com)
In collaboration with researchers from University of Oxford and Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, He and colleagues compared how frog embryos - which are considered models for human embryos - developed with and without Notum. (scitechdaily.com)
When the researchers injected frog embryos with Notum, the embryos grew bigger brains and heads. (scitechdaily.com)
In order to guide or direct stem cells to differentiate into a given cell type, such as neural cells or muscle cells, researchers continue to alter their experimental recipes, fine-tuning which molecules should be added to their dishes in what sequence and amount. (scitechdaily.com)
For those trying to create neural cells, "Notum is a necessary ingredient and new tool in the kit box for researchers to instruct human progenitor cells to become neural tissues," said He, who is also an American Cancer Society research professor. (scitechdaily.com)
Additionally, the researchers were able to demonstrate how Notum deactivates Wnt, which is a family of proteins that direct stem cells to "self-renew," or make more stem cells, among other things. (scitechdaily.com)
Researchers speculate that it may bind to other proteins on the surface of cells or help cells attach to one another. (medlineplus.gov)
Researchers have successfully tested two vaccines that appear to help block the deadly Ebola virus in humans. (medlineplus.gov)

Blood stem cells, also known as hematopoietic stem cells , are found in the bone marrow, where they self-renew as well as differentiate to create all types of blood cells. (medicalxpress.com)
When blood stem cells are removed from the bone marrow and placed in laboratory dishes, they quickly lose their ability to self-renew, and they either die or differentiate into other blood cell types. (medicalxpress.com)
One question now is whether the activity of the niche and of the enzyme reported in this research can be harnessed to manipulate stem cells to differentiate in useful ways. (sciencedaily.com)
It has become clear that cancer stem cells - cells within tumors that exhibit stem cell characteristics and can differentiate into other specialized types of cancer cells - have a role in the progression and treatment resistance of several types of tumors, most prominently blood system tumors like leukemia. (technologynetworks.com)
Stem cells have two distinct features that differentiate them from other types of cells: they are (1) unspecialized, and (2) under certain conditions can become specialized (e.g., heart cell, nerve cell, etc. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
These cells are cancerous yet have properties of stem cells: self-renewal and the ability to differentiate into multiple cell types that occurs in tumors. (ptglab.com)
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that possess the remarkable ability to self-renew and differentiate into various specialized cell types. (mornd.com)
The discovery of ESCs offered hope for regenerative medicine due to their pluripotent nature, i.e., the ability to differentiate into any cell type in the body. (mornd.com)
Studies highlighted their ability to differentiate into various cell lineages, including osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. (mornd.com)

When Mikkola's team used the small molecules, they observed that blood stem cell self-renewal improved in general, but the cells could not maintain proper MLLT3 levels, and they also did not function as well when transplanted into mice. (medicalxpress.com)
Scientists have used human stem cells to dramatically improve the condition of mice with a neurological condition similar to a set of diseases in children that are invariably fatal, according to an article in the June issue of the journal Cell Stem Cell. (news-medical.net)
With a one-time injection of stem cells just after birth, scientists were able to repair defective wiring throughout the brain and spinal cord - the entire central nervous system - of mutant "shiverer mice," so called because of the way they shake and wobble. (news-medical.net)
Neuroscientists at the University of Rochester Medical Center injected a type of fetal human stem cell known as glial stem cells into newborn mice born with a condition that normally claims their lives within about 20 weeks of birth, after a lifetime of seizures and other serious consequences. (news-medical.net)
While most of the 26 mice that received transplanted glial stem cells still died, a group of six lived far beyond their usual lifespan, and four appeared to be completely cured - a first for shiverer mice. (news-medical.net)
Thousands of children with rare, fatal disorders known as pediatric leukodystrophies share a central problem with the shiverer mice: Their brain cells lack sufficient myelin, a vital fatty coating that wraps around cells in the brain like insulation around an electrical wire. (news-medical.net)
In just two months, the glial stem cells multiplied and spread, covering nerve cells in almost the entire central nervous system, exactly mirroring their distribution in the brains of healthy mice. (news-medical.net)
from then on, the brain cells functioned normally, conducting impulses as quickly as in normal mice. (news-medical.net)
Of 26 mice treated with stem cells, about three-quarters died, typically from seizures, within a couple of weeks of their untreated counterparts. (news-medical.net)
Several studies have supported a role for cancer stem cells in the aggressive brain tumors called glioblastoma, but those studies involved inducing human tumors to grow in mice, and as such their relevance to cancer in humans has been questioned. (technologynetworks.com)
There was scant experimental evidence for this hypothesis until 1994, when John Dick and colleagues demonstrated that leukemia-initiating stem cells (LSCs) present in the blood of leukemia patients may induce acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) when transplanted into severe combined immunodeficient mice (2). (ptglab.com)
Injection of a hydrogel that mechanically resembles a blood clot promotes the growth of new blood vessels in mice. (the-scientist.com)
Maps of diving cells before and after heart attacks in mice offer additional evidence against the existence of cardiac stem cells. (the-scientist.com)
In a study in mice published in PNAS , the investigators report that they can soften the stem cells by boosting the production of a tiny RNA, miR-205, that relaxes the hardness of the cells. (sciencemission.com)
When scientists genetically manipulated the stem cells to produce more miR-205, it promoted hair growth in young and old mice. (sciencemission.com)
mRNAs and miRNAs in whole blood associated with MWCNT-induced lung hyperplasia, fibrosis, and bronchiolo-alveolar adenoma and adenocarcinoma following inhalation exposure in mice. (cdc.gov)

Transport of Gold Nanoparticles by Vascular Endothelium from Different Human Tissues. (open.ac.uk)
Transcriptional control of the multi-drug transporter ABCB1 by transcription factor Sp3 in different human tissues. (open.ac.uk)
The ability to support living human tissues with vascular channels is a huge step toward the goal of creating functional human organs outside of the body," says Wyss Institute Founding Director Donald Ingber. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Expectant parents can decide to store their baby's cord blood in a family bank and the stem cells are immediately available for use in medical treatments, such as future therapies requiring repair or replacement of damaged heart tissues. (industry-experts.com)
This protein is found in many tissues and organs, including the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). (medlineplus.gov)
the smallest of the body's blood vessels, are where the exchange of nutrients and oxygen between the blood and tissues occurs. (msdmanuals.com)
In 1985, when tests for HIV antibody became available, screening prospective donors of blood, organs, and other tissues also began (2,3). (cdc.gov)

But in addition to protecting the brain, it also is involved in disease and effectively blocks many of the small-molecule drugs that might make effective therapies for a host of neurological conditions, including such things as stroke, trauma and cancer. (wisc.edu)
We can really investigate disease," says Palecek, noting that an ability to track cells as they progress through various phases of development can help scientists see the cascade of cellular events that occur as neurological conditions manifest themselves. (wisc.edu)
Madeline Lancaster is an American developmental biologist studying neurological development and diseases of the brain. (wikipedia.org)
The recent decade has seen encouraging outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell therapy that holds promise to alleviate the burden of neurological disorders Moreover, initial study data of preclinical trials have also indicated the effectiveness, tolerance, and safety of MSC-based therapy [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
The postdoctoral fellow will lead a project on human iPSC-based disease modeling and therapeutic development for neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. (postdocjobs.com)
The work marks an important step toward the day when stem cells become an option for the treatment of neurological diseases in people. (news-medical.net)
But nowadays, the possibility of brain cell regrowth and improvements in neurological function has been scientifically proven . (startstemcells.com)
These findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 may have the ability to infect astrocytes via a leaky BBB route which causes disruptions in astrocytes role that can severely impact the overall brain function resulting in seizures, inability to control motor function, and other neurological symptoms. (aku.edu)
Scientists have developed a research method that allows for a much more detailed examination of the brain processes involved in some neurological and mental disorders. (finchannel.com)
Stem cell therapy for neurological repair is still relatively in its infancy. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
Using stem cell therapy for cognitive functions like memory requires neurological cell regeneration. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
Gokhan has extensive experience in human disease modeling using vertebrate embryos and human induced pluripotent stem cells to understand blood disorders, obesity and diabetes, and neurological diseases. (alleninstitute.org)
Amyloid deposits in specific parts of the brain can interfere with normal brain function, leading to dementia, seizures, movement problems, and other neurological features in some people with hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy. (medlineplus.gov)

Recently, a growing number of studies are focusing on mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. (hindawi.com)
The objective of this study was to provide a generalized critique for the role of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke injury, its underlying mechanisms, and constraints on its preclinical and clinical applications. (hindawi.com)
Thus, we attempted to present an overview of previously published reports to evaluate the progress and provide molecular basis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy and its application in preclinical and clinical settings, which could aid in designing an effective regenerative therapeutic strategy in the future. (hindawi.com)
In preclinical and clinical studies, progenitor cell therapy (cord blood and mesenchymal stem cells) has shown promise in reversing the underlying pathology of SNHL, the loss of cochlear sensory hair cells. (intechopen.com)
In parallel, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) gained attention for their regenerative potential. (mornd.com)

For the first time, scientists from the University of Cambridge have created cerebral cortex cells from a sample of human skin. (scitechdaily.com)
The scientists were able to generate the cerebral cortex cells by taking skin biopsies from patients and then reprogramming the cells from the skin samples back into stem cells. (scitechdaily.com)
Cambridge scientists have, for the first time, created cerebral cortex cells - those that make up the brain's grey matter - from a small sample of human skin. (scitechdaily.com)
Today's findings will enable scientists to study how the human cerebral cortex develops, how it 'wires up', and how that can go wrong (a common problem leading to learning disabilities). (scitechdaily.com)
For their research, the scientists took skin biopsies from patients and then reprogrammed the cells from the skin samples back into stem cells. (scitechdaily.com)
UCLA scientists have discovered a link between a protein and the ability of human blood stem cells to self-renew. (medicalxpress.com)
It could also enable scientists to produce blood stem cells from pluripotent stem cells , which have the potential to create any cell type in the body. (medicalxpress.com)
The scientists found that an enzyme in the spot where stem cells are found can help nurture a greater abundance of these cells by sustaining them in their original state, and by promoting other cells to lose their specialized traits and transform into stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Zika virus may commandeer a receptor on the surface of neural progenitor cells, scientists show. (the-scientist.com)
Japanese scientists said on Monday they will start clinical trials next month on a treatment for Parkinson's disease , transplanting "reprogrammed" stem cells into brains, seeking a breakthrough in treating the neurodegenerative disorder. (deccanchronicle.com)
The study shows that it may be possible to grow the cells to a maturity that will allow scientists to better study adult-onset diseases, such as schizophrenia or dementia. (neurosciencenews.com)
Scientists have taken cues from the "lost wax" technique for making renaissance bronzes where 3D printing is used to model human mini-organs with their very own blood vessels. (cosmosmagazine.com)
This work provides a significant advance in the ability of scientists to study the cellular and circuit underpinnings of complex human brain disorders. (finchannel.com)
Scientists take a close look at how cloven hoofed mammals use selective brain cooling to survive in the heat. (the-scientist.com)
May 3, 2023 -- Northwestern Medicine scientists have used a novel, skull-implantable ultrasound device to allow the delivery of intravenously injected chemotherapy into the brain. (scienceboard.net)
The scientists discovered that ultrasonication -- the application of sound energy -- renders the brain permeable to drugs circulating in the bloodstream, but only for a limited time. (scienceboard.net)
Harvard Stem Cell Institute scientists are harnessing a new method of turning cancer cells into potent, anti-cancer agents. (scienceboard.net)
The goal of CIRM Grant ID1-06557 is to generate high quality induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from blood and skin samples from 3000 donors, many of whom suffer from untreatable medical conditions, and place them in a Repository accessible to scientists around the world. (ca.gov)
Our lab has been tasked with converting control and patient blood or skin cells, collected by scientists throughout the state of California, into high quality iPSCs. (ca.gov)
Over the years, scientists have unlocked the potential of stem cells, opening up new possibilities in regenerative medicine and providing novel therapeutic approaches for currently incurable diseases. (mornd.com)
But if the hair follicle's stem cells are softened, they are more likely to produce hair, the scientists found. (sciencemission.com)
The scientists discovered how to soften up those stem cells to enable them to grow hair again. (sciencemission.com)
The scientists used advanced microscopy tools, including atomic force microscopy, to measure the stiffness and two-photon microscopy to monitor cell behaviors in live animals. (sciencemission.com)

Recent findings of the Lancaster lab have revealed a key difference in early neuroepithelial behavior in human compared with other apes that leads to an expansion in the founder stem cell pool and thus expansion of cerebral cortical neuron production. (wikipedia.org)
In the Shcheglovitov lab, our research is focused on understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of human cortical development under both normal and pathological conditions. (virginia.edu)
Example of a transplanted human cortical organoid (t-hCO) in the rat cortex. (finchannel.com)
Researcher Sergiu Pasca, M.D. (link is external) , and colleagues at Stanford University, Stanford, California, demonstrated that a cortical organoid cultured from human stem cells can be transplanted onto-and integrated into-the developing rat brain to study certain developmental and functional processes. (finchannel.com)

The ultimate goal of our research is to discover new therapies for patients with currently incurable brain disorders such as autism and drug-resistant pediatric epilepsy. (virginia.edu)
hES cells also serve as a basis for cerebral organoid models (Figure C) to better understand e.g. the mechanisms of cognitive impairment and radiation necrosis as severe side effects of radiation therapies. (gsi.de)
In this Research Topic, we summarized original research and review articles that examine the more recent progress in pharmacological and cell therapies for perinatal HI brain injury. (frontiersin.org)
These therapies should target the cellular mechanisms that underly HI brain injury, including early phase propagators of injury such as neuro-inflammation, cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and excitotoxicity, and they should be safe for use in both term and preterm infants. (frontiersin.org)
This laboratory is one of the pioneers in establishing disease models and cell therapies using the human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) platform and has published extensively in this area. (postdocjobs.com)
Besides their stem cell properties, CSCs have become a focus of pharmacological studies due to their resistance to many cancer therapies. (ptglab.com)
With a balanced approach, we explore the potential of stem cells as regenerative therapies, analyze the ethical concerns raised by their application, and propose guidelines to ensure responsible and widespread usage. (mornd.com)
They also stress the importance of rigorous research design, peer review, and patient safety in stem cell-based therapies. (mornd.com)
Recent reports revealed more evidence for it to be the acupuncture meridian, where some acupuncture therapies are applied for the blood pressure control. (who.int)

In vitro models mimicking the human BBB are of great interest, and advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technologies and the availability of reproducible differentiation protocols have facilitated progress. (ox.ac.uk)
At the Stem Cell Differentiation and Cytogenetics Group, we are interested in the effects of ionizing radiation on organs such as the brain, the heart, and the lung trying to elucidate the risks for patients treated with ionizing radiation as well as for astronauts, who are inevitably exposed to ionizing radiation on their missions into space. (gsi.de)
Experience with human iPSC culture, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, neural differentiation of human iPSCs is a plus. (postdocjobs.com)
Their analysis of more than 4,000 individual tumor cells, the largest effort to date in brain tumors, finds three developmental categories of cancer cells - one resembling neural stem cells and two characterized by sets of genes indicting paths towards differentiation. (technologynetworks.com)
As part of the experimental cell group, he oversees direct differentiation efforts of induced pluripotent stem cells. (alleninstitute.org)

Anna has explored the regenerative dynamics of hematopoietic stem cells, also known as blood stem cells. (lu.se)
Moreover, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) continued to be a successful treatment modality for various blood disorders. (mornd.com)
Early fate decisions in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (lu.se)

Dr. Hanna Mikkola, a member of the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA and senior author of the study, has studied blood stem cells for more than 20 years. (medicalxpress.com)
Dr. Yanhong Shi's lab is looking for highly motivated and productive postdoctoral fellows for stem cell research projects within the Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (Shi laboratory) at Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope located in the county of Los Angeles, California. (postdocjobs.com)
DPP4 is abundantly expressed in astrocytes before virus infection, suggesting it may be a key receptor in astrocyte infection," says Dr Jahan Salma, Assistant Professor at AKU's Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research. (aku.edu)
Here, you will find a collection of insightful interviews with PhD graduates from various fields within stem cell biology and regenerative medicine, each sharing their personal experiences and perspectives on their academic journey. (lu.se)
Advancements in science and technology have enabled in increasing the number of preserved cord blood units being used in regenerative medicine applications. (industry-experts.com)
Latest scientific evidence offered by regenerative medicine has proved that using one's own stem cells is likely to deliver the most favorable outcomes. (industry-experts.com)
Although stem cell research holds tremendous promise in regenerative medicine, ethical concerns have arisen due to the use of ESCs and embryo destruction. (mornd.com)
In conclusion, stem cell research has shown remarkable progress in the year 2000, resulting in significant advancements in the field of regenerative medicine. (mornd.com)

Religious conservatives have fought therapeutic cloning as morally wrong, essentially because it involves the destruction of a human egg cell. (newsreview.com)
Both concentrations were within the therapeutic range for blood levels of the drug in humans. (scienceblog.com)
Ischemic brain injury is associated with a high rate of mortality and disability with no effective therapeutic strategy. (hindawi.com)
It is gravely immoral to sacrifice a human life for therapeutic ends. (archdiocese-no.org)
Although further investigation regarding CSCs is still needed, there is evidence that these cells play an important role in the prognosis of cancer, progression, and therapeutic strategy. (ptglab.com)
Since stem cells are also durable against cellular insults, one promising avenue for inducing the therapeutic sensitivity of CSCs is the blocking of either the properties or related pathways (Notch, Hedgehog, or Wnt, among others) of normal stem cells. (ptglab.com)
As part of the gene therapy program, Meagan designs and tests new therapeutic approaches to treat brain diseases such as epilepsy. (alleninstitute.org)
The statistical tables represent the data for the global market value by geographic regions, cord blood stem cell technologies and therapeutic areas. (industry-experts.com)

In 2015 Lancaster joined the Cell Biology division at the LMB, where she currently leads a research group studying the biological processes of human brain evolution. (wikipedia.org)
Although we've learned a lot about the biology of these cells over the years, one key challenge has remained: making human blood stem cells self-renew in the lab," she said. (medicalxpress.com)
If we think about the amount of blood stem cells needed to treat a patient, that's a significant number," said Mikkola, who is also a professor of molecular, cell and developmental biology in the UCLA College and a member of the UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center. (medicalxpress.com)
In a research paper to be published in the journal Cell Reports on Oct. 13, Xin Chen, an associate professor of biology in the university's Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, and six co-authors report on how stem cells are affected by their immediate surroundings. (sciencedaily.com)
Using a combination of molecular biology, biochemistry, imaging, and electrophysiology techniques, we work to better understand the mechanisms underlying human-specific features of cortex development and neurodevelopmental pathologies. (virginia.edu)
An insight into the biology of ischemic stroke indicates that a stream of molecular events initiates instantly after the onset of ischemic stroke, such as oxidative stress, increased level of intracellular calcium, excitotoxicity, and inflammation which results in apoptotic or necrotic neuronal cell death [ 12 - 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
A Ph.D., M.D. & Ph.D., or equivalent in biomedical research, with experience in cell culture and basic molecular biology. (postdocjobs.com)
Prior to joining the Allen institute, he received his PhD in Cell and Developmental Biology from Oregon Health and Science University and did postdoctoral research at the University of Chicago. (alleninstitute.org)

No objective, even though noble in itself, such as a foreseeable advantage to science, to other human beings or to society, can in any way justify experimentation on living human embryos or foetuses, whether viable or not, either inside or outside the mother's womb. (archdiocese-no.org)
The emergence of iPSCs eliminated the ethical concerns associated with ESCs, as it avoids the destruction of human embryos. (mornd.com)

Sagi, I. & Benvenisty, N. Haploidy in humans: an evolutionary and developmental perspective. (nature.com)
Importantly, these three developmental signatures were found in distinct genetic clones - cells with identical patterns of genetic mutations - of tumor cells. (technologynetworks.com)
Single-cell RNA-seq supports a developmental hierarchy in human oligodendroglioma. (technologynetworks.com)
Their study was given early online Thursday and is being published in print in the March 23 issue of the journal Developmental Cell . (scitechdaily.com)

It will also allow them to recreate brain diseases, such as Alzheimer's, in the lab. (scitechdaily.com)
Turning stem cells into networks of fully functional nerve cells in the lab holds great promise for unraveling complex brain diseases such as Alzheimer's. (scitechdaily.com)
Multiplying blood stem cells in conditions outside the human body could greatly improve treatment options for blood cancers like leukemia and for many inherited blood diseases. (medicalxpress.com)
Bone marrow transplants have been used for decades to treat people with some diseases of the blood or immune system. (medicalxpress.com)
These results have medical implications because if this cell fate change could happen randomly, it may lead to diseases such as cancers. (sciencedaily.com)
Finally, using primary lung stem cells or lymphocytes from different donors, we study the effects of radon on patients, who are treated in radon spas or baths to alleviate rheumatic diseases. (gsi.de)
We aim to provide the basis for establishing a future study to promote the clinical translation of stem cell therapy in ischemic brain diseases. (hindawi.com)
It's extremely exciting to think about not only treating but actually curing a disease, particularly an awful disease that affects children," said neurologist Steven Goldman, M.D., Ph.D., a leader in manipulating stem cells to treat diseases of the nervous system. (news-medical.net)
Myelin loss is at the heart of multiple sclerosis, and also plays a role in the symptoms of diabetes, high blood pressure, and other diseases. (news-medical.net)
Enterobacter infection in the blood can lead to diseases including meningitis and bacteraemia, and Enterobacter in the lungs can lead to pneumonia. (facmedicine.com)
While we have focused on brain cancer, this opens the door to investigate novel drug-based treatments for millions of patients who suffer from various brain diseases," Dr. Adam Sonabend, lead investigator and a Northwestern Medicine neurosurgeon, said in a statement. (scienceboard.net)
This list also includes the companies engaged in the treatment of deadly diseases using CB stem cells. (industry-experts.com)
Published 14 December 2020 The brain has its own cleaning system that removes harmful substances while we sleep and protects it from diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. (lu.se)
Krivit W. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of lysosomal and peroxisomal metabolic diseases. (medscape.com)
Results of the cord blood transplantation study (COBLT): outcomes of unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation in pediatric patients with lysosomal and peroxisomal storage diseases. (medscape.com)
2021. Achieving brain clearance and preventing neurodegenerative diseases-A glymphatic perspective. (lu.se)
A structural component of brain cells, tau has also been linked to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. (medlineplus.gov)

Using pluripotent stem cells, they made blood stem cell-like cells that lacked the ability to self-renew and monitored which genes were not activated. (medicalxpress.com)
To do this, we use a combination of patient-derived and CRISPR-engineered induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (virginia.edu)
Using our recently established haploid human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), we generated a genome-wide loss-of-function library targeting 18,166 protein-coding genes to define the essential genes in hPSCs. (nature.com)
First year progress on grant ID1-06557, " Generation and Characterization of High-Quality, Footprint-Free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) Lines From 3000 Donors to Investigate Multigenic Disease" has met all agreed-upon milestones. (ca.gov)
Furthermore, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a third type, reprogrammed from adult cells by introducing specific transcription factors. (mornd.com)

Bèchet NB, Shanbhag NC, Lundgaard I. (2021) Glymphatic pathways in the gyrencephalic brain. (lu.se)

1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)

The findings add to evidence from a study published earlier this month (March 4), which demonstrated that Zika can infect and kill lab-grown neural progenitor cells. (the-scientist.com)
The new findings are likely to heighten concerns about the effects of this drug, and others in its class, on the developing brain. (scienceblog.com)
The findings suggest functional integration of the transplanted organoid into specific brain pathways. (finchannel.com)
These findings allow optimization of the ultrasound activation and drug delivery sequence to maximize drug penetration into the brain. (scienceboard.net)
These preclinical findings have now culminated in ongoing human neonatal studies. (lu.se)

Progenitor cell therapy may also allow functional reorganization of the auditory pathways including primary auditory cortex (Heschl's gyrus). (intechopen.com)
We will present a summary of the effect of hearing loss on auditory development, existing preclinical and clinical data on progenitor cell therapy, and its potential role in the (re)habilitation of non-genetic SNHL. (intechopen.com)

The center is headed by Shinya Yamanaka, who in 2012 shared a Nobel Prize for medicine with a British scientist, John Gurdon, for the discovery that adult cells can be transformed back into embryo-like cells. (deccanchronicle.com)
Astrocytes are a major component of the central nervous system (CNS), comprising more than 60% of cells in the human brain, and regulate many functions in the developing and adult brain. (aku.edu)

The goal for many with Alzheimer's disease, and other conditions which impair memory such as other forms of dementia and brain injury, is to reduce memory loss to sustain a better quality of life. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
In the human brain, it appears that the plaque seen in Alzheimer's patients is less important than the death of neural cells and the loss of neural connections. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
For example, iPSC lines from patients with heart disease can be converted into heart cells, iPSC lines from patients with Alzheimer's disease can be converted to brain cell, and iPSC lines from patients with pulmonary fibrosis can be converted into cells of the lung. (ca.gov)

Cord blood stem cell technologies analyzed in this study include Stem Cell Transplant, Cord Blood Banking, Blood Transfusion, Cell Based Genetics and Xenotransplant. (industry-experts.com)
Stem cell research can be traced back to the mid-20th century when the first bone marrow transplant was performed successfully, treating a patient with a bone marrow disorder. (mornd.com)
Experimental stem cell transplant therapy may hold promise for patients with a speciﬁc type of multiple sclerosis (MS). Patients who received the treatment did not experience a relapse of MS symptoms, progression of disability, or new brain lesions for ﬁve years. (medlineplus.gov)
The early ﬁndings suggest that high-dose immunosuppressive therapy followed by a one-time stem cell transplant derived from the person's own blood-forming stem cells may have a better success rate than current treatment options. (medlineplus.gov)

Another merit is that we can produce iMG cells without any gene modification. (nature.com)
Furthermore, we have analyzed the gene expression paterns of iMG cells in both manic and depressive state of patients with bipolar disorders, and revealed state-dependent microglial experession patterns 16 . (nature.com)
They found that the expression of a gene called MLLT3 was closely correlated with blood stem cells' potential to self-renew and that the protein generated by the MLLT3 gene provides blood stem cells with the instructions necessary to maintain its ability to self-renew. (medicalxpress.com)
Using a viral vector-a specially modified virus that can carry genetic information to a cell's nucleus without causing a disease-the team inserted an active MLLT3 gene into blood stem cells and observed that functional blood stem cells were able to multiply in number at least twelvefold in lab dishes. (medicalxpress.com)
Our method, which exposes blood stem cells to the small molecules and also inserts an active MLLT3 gene, created blood stem cells that integrated well into mouse bone marrow , efficiently produced all blood cell types and maintained their self-renewing ability. (medicalxpress.com)
Meagan is a Scientist II on the Gene Therapy Team at the Allen Institute for Brain Science. (alleninstitute.org)
As a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Washington, she studied potassium channel variants identified in neurodevelopmental disorders and worked on developing a novel cell-type specific CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. (alleninstitute.org)

Forming a dense matrix from these organ building blocks kills two birds with one stone: not only does it achieve a high cellular density akin to that of human organs, but the matrix's viscosity also enables printing of a pervasive network of perfusable channels within it to mimic the blood vessels that support human organs," says co- author Sébastien Uzel from the Wyss Institute. (cosmosmagazine.com)

However, little is known on the mechanisms that promote the neural progenitor state after injuries in humans. (frontiersin.org)

An infant's cord blood offers the most ideal option for congenital heart defect or for future unforeseen and sudden occurrences, such as a serious heart attack. (industry-experts.com)
The report reviews, analyses and projects the cord blood stem cells market for global and the regional markets including North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World. (industry-experts.com)
The report also provides the listing of the companies engaged in collection, processing and banking of cord blood stem cells. (industry-experts.com)
The global list covers the addresses, contact numbers and the website addresses of 295 private and 87 public cord blood banks. (industry-experts.com)
testing of cord blood is not recommended. (cdc.gov)

In conclusion, our study shows that iPSC-based models of the human BBB display robust phenotypes and could be used to screen drugs for CNS penetration in culture. (ox.ac.uk)

Until recently, however, technological and ethical considerations have limited the ability to conduct research using human microglia. (nature.com)
Dr. Rick Livesey of the Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry at the University of Cambridge, principal investigator of the research, said: "This approach gives us the ability to study human brain development and disease in ways that were unimaginable even five years ago. (scitechdaily.com)
A research team reports progress in understanding the mysterious shape-shifting ways of stem cells, which have vast potential for medical research and disease treatment. (sciencedaily.com)
The study focused on fruit flies in part because they share with humans about three-quarters of the genes that cause disease, making them a fine research model. (sciencedaily.com)
This concern seems misplaced, given that the egg cells involved come from fertility clinic surplus stock and would be destroyed if they weren't used in research. (newsreview.com)
This will be the world's first clinical trial using iPS cells on Parkinson's disease," Jun Takahashi, professor at Kyoto University's Centre for iPS Cell Research and Application, told a news conference. (deccanchronicle.com)
We intend to carry on conducting our research carefully, yet expeditiously, in coordination with Kyoto University Hospital, so that new treatment using iPS cells will be brought to patients as soon as possible," Yamanaka said in a statement. (deccanchronicle.com)
All research areas are substantiated by analyses (Figure D) monitoring the acute radiation-induced cytogenetic damage and the long-term genetic stability of cells. (gsi.de)
Often aborted babies are harvested for Stem Cell Research. (archdiocese-no.org)
City of Hope research has been the basis for numerous breakthrough cancer medicines , as well as human synthetic insulin and monoclonal antibodies. (postdocjobs.com)
The Shi laboratory has been well known for stem cell research, including stem cell-based disease modeling and cell therapy development. (postdocjobs.com)
In collaboration with AstraZeneca, Victoria's research has aimed to uncover the underlying causes of IPF, developing innovative stem cell-based technologies along the way. (lu.se)
Alexandra's research involves direct reprogramming approaches, which function like a Trojan horse, enabling cancer cells to be targeted by the immune system. (lu.se)
Further research uncovered a broad spectrum of cell surface stem cell markers (e.g. (ptglab.com)
In particular, Cellular Dynamics International (CDI) has taken lease to approximately 5000 square feet of lab space at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging in Novato, CA. The majority of this space is located within the new CIRM-funded Stem Cell Research Building at the Buck Institute and was extensively reconfigured to meet the specific needs of this grant. (ca.gov)
Stem cell research has emerged as a ground-breaking field with the potential to revolutionize medicine and improve human health. (mornd.com)
This scientific article provides an overview of stem cell research, focusing on its historical development, types of stem cells, significant advancements in the year 2000, and ethical considerations surrounding its usage. (mornd.com)
The objective of this article is to comprehensively review scientific advancements in stem cell research in the year 2000 and discuss the ethical considerations associated with its practice. (mornd.com)
These milestones paved the way for further research into stem cells. (mornd.com)
The year 2000 witnessed significant advancements in stem cell research. (mornd.com)
Ethical guidelines and regulatory frameworks should be in place to ensure responsible stem cell research. (mornd.com)
Great Iranian Muslim scholars netics, stem cell research, and organ trans- laid huge emphasis on teaching and practis- plantation are some of the medical issues ing ethics. (who.int)
New NIH research ﬁnds that an artiﬁcial pancreas system can control blood sugar in adults with type 1 diabetes better than conventional insulin pump therapy. (medlineplus.gov)
The study was supported by the National Institute of Nursing Research and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (medlineplus.gov)

The lab uses the cerebral organoid system to study how genes impact on brain development in a range of species. (wikipedia.org)

Interestingly, they observed behavioral deficits and neuronal loss caused by HI brain injury in female adolescent offspring after SE ( Huang et al. ). (frontiersin.org)
Persaud-Sawin et al found that transfecting CLN1 (ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal 1)- or CLN2-deficient cells with CLN deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) constructs for either CLN1 or CLN2 was somewhat protective against etoposide-induced apoptosis in both cell types. (medscape.com)

Outside the stem cell niches, however, these glial cells are not neurogenic. (frontiersin.org)

It does this by working with other regulatory proteins to keep important parts of the blood stem cell's machinery operational as the cells divide. (medicalxpress.com)
Lets say the zombies prefer hunting at night because the sun damages cell production (heat does damage cells and proteins). (rationalwiki.org)
hPSC-enriched essential genes mainly encode transcription factors and proteins related to cell-cycle and DNA-repair, revealing that a quarter of the nuclear factors are essential for normal growth. (nature.com)

They then put the blood stem cells into laboratory dishes and observed which genes shut down. (medicalxpress.com)
Overall, we have constructed an atlas of essential and growth-restricting genes in hPSCs, revealing key aspects of cellular essentiality and providing a reference for future studies on human pluripotency. (nature.com)
Fig. 2: Analysis of cell-essential genes. (nature.com)
This work represents an important milestone by showing which aspects of human brain development are modeled with the highest fidelity and which specific genes are behaving well in vitro and when best to model them. (neurosciencenews.com)

Cell Stem Cell 19 , 569-572 (2016). (nature.com)

Herein, we presented an overview of a previously published work regarding the role of stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke and its underlying molecular mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
This study contributes to the global effort to investigate underlying mechanisms causing brain-related symptoms with the COVID-19 virus. (aku.edu)
Her work uses ethologically grounded behaviors to understand population dynamics and cell-type specific mechanisms for perception, cognition, and flexible behavior in distributed circuits across the brain. (alleninstitute.org)
However, the brain is defended by several mechanisms that can work to prevent these problems. (msdmanuals.com)

These rodent studies have indicated the over-activation of microglial cells in patients with chronic pain, however clinical molecular data are lacking due to ethical and technical issues. (nature.com)
However, despite having the promising outcome of preclinical studies, the clinical application of stem cell therapy remained elusive due to little or no progress in clinical trials. (hindawi.com)
However, effective dose and appropriate time of MSCs delivery are the main challenges in the clinical translation of stem cell therapy. (hindawi.com)
This vector is expected to enter a first-in-human phase I/II clinical trial soon. (royalholloway.ac.uk)

It's a disease that primarily affects the type of nerve cell we've made in the lab, so we have the perfect tool to create a full, human model of the disease in the lab. (scitechdaily.com)
This bundle of nerve fibres transmits information from the eye to the brain, enabling us to see. (newscientist.com)
This, they reasoned, would maximise the chances of the nerve fibres regenerating and establishing a connection with James's brain. (newscientist.com)
They also took stem cells - which can develop into different types of specialist cells - from the donor's bone marrow, and injected them into the site where the donor optic nerve and James's optic nerve met, to further stimulate nerve growth. (newscientist.com)
Some of the nerve cells critical for sight are also alive, though James is unable to see using the eye and might never be able to do so, says Rodriguez. (newscientist.com)
They then stimulate nerve cell renewal and the restoration of the brain begins. (startstemcells.com)
It is a progressive disease that affects nerve cells, destroying memory and causing cognitive impairment which prevents sufferers from carrying out day-to-day activities. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
As the disease progresses, increasing numbers of nerve cells are lost. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
The brain's functions are both mysterious and remarkable, relying on billions of nerve cells and the internal communication between them. (msdmanuals.com)

The aggregated protein forms amyloid deposits that accumulate in the blood vessels of the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
It is made up of cells that line blood vessels of the brain. (msdmanuals.com)

We know what components are acting on the cells" and at what stages of development. (wisc.edu)
Wireless devices such as phones and laptops used by pregnant women may alter brain development of the fetus. (stopumts.nl)
With sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), the damaged hair cells of the organ of Corti within the cochlea interfere with typical hearing and, as a result, cause impaired language development. (intechopen.com)
Approximately half of congenital SNHL is hereditary and is the result of genetic mutations causing improper development of cochlear hair cells. (intechopen.com)
With time and the right conditions, the cells self-organize to create 3D structures that faithfully replicate several aspects of human brain development. (neurosciencenews.com)
Raquel has studied the role of transposable elements in the human brain for a better understanding of their impact on brain development. (lu.se)
Brain & development 2004 Oct 26 (7): 459-62. (cdc.gov)

Thus, MSCs were suggested as a promising candidate for ischemic brain injury patients[ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
MSCs versus stem cell-based interventions other than MSCs. (lu.se)

However, bone marrow transplants have significant limitations: Finding a compatible bone marrow donor is not always possible, the patient's immune system may reject the foreign cells, and the number of transplanted stem cells may not be enough to successfully treat the disease. (medicalxpress.com)
Stem cells have been used to treat illness in limited ways for decades, including transplantation from bone marrow. (sciencedaily.com)
The human bone marrow harbors a CD45− CD11B+ cell progenitor permitting rapid microglia‐like cell derivative approaches. (lu.se)

In this study, we created the iMG cells from 14 patients with fibromyalgia and 10 healthy individuals, and compared the activation of iMG cells between two groups at the cellular level. (nature.com)
We have already confirmed abnormalities in cellular responses of iMG cells derived from patients with Nasu-Hakola disease, which is a known primary microglia disease 14 . (nature.com)

Mikkola's goal, making blood stem cells self-renew in controlled laboratory conditions, would open up a host of new possibilities for treating many blood disorders-among them safer genetic engineering of patients' own blood stem cells. (medicalxpress.com)
We produce iPSCs from easily accessible cells, such as blood or skin, that are acquired from both healthy control individuals and patients with genetic disorders. (virginia.edu)
Implementation of this technique in newborn screening (using blood spots) for early identification of lysosomal storage disorders has been shown to be feasible but requires further validation. (medscape.com)

Activation of immune cells in the brain called microglia has attracted attention as a potential underlying pathological mechanism in chronic pain. (nature.com)
Microglia are immune cells in the CNS, and known to have inflammatory functions via releasing proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β 6 . (nature.com)
Immune cells minimize damage while traveling through blood vessel walls by breaking the thin filaments of the cytoskeleton, which can rapidly reassemble. (the-scientist.com)
Piggybacking on the homing mechanism that the immune system uses to direct white blood cells could enable the targeted delivery of drugs in children with. (scienceboard.net)

The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α at mRNA and protein levels significantly increased in ATP-stimulated iMG cells from patients with fibromyalgia compared to cells from healthy individuals. (nature.com)
There is a consistent pattern of increased risk for glioma (a malignant brain tumor) and acoustic neuroma with use of mobile and cordless phones" says Lennart Hardell, MD at Orebro University, Sweden. (stopumts.nl)
A study analyzing brain tumor genomics on a single-cell level has found evidence that cancer stem cells fuel the growth of oligodendrogliomas, a slow-growing but incurable form of brain cancer. (technologynetworks.com)
In their paper receiving advance online publication in Nature, a team led by investigators at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard identifies for the first time cancer stem cells and their differentiated progeny in human brain tumor samples. (technologynetworks.com)
To be effective, this approach requires coverage of a large region of the brain adjacent to the cavity remaining in the brain after glioblastoma tumor removal. (scienceboard.net)
Brain Tumor Imaging and Treatment Effects. (lu.se)

Although the virus initially attacks the respiratory system and disrupts respiratory functions by impairing cells in the lungs, there has been growing evidence of the virus infecting other organs including the brain. (aku.edu)

These vhCOs form vasculature-like structures that resemble the vasculature in early prenatal brain, and they present a robust model to study brain disease in vitro. (nih.gov)
Our brain creates a model of the world based on the information we receive and creates a model that we act upon that. (courthousenews.com)
presents a promising therapy that used inhibitors of the Src family kinases (SFKs) for neuroprotection in a preterm model of HI brain injury ( Qiu et al. ). (frontiersin.org)
This is a remarkable finding - we show that they reach post-natal maturity around 280 days in culture, and after that begin to model aspects of the infant brain, including known physiological changes in neurotransmitter signaling. (neurosciencenews.com)

A lot of times we still have stem cells, but they may not be able to generate the hair. (sciencemission.com)

After two rounds of stem cell therapy for stroke, he had improvements in his speech, eating, and muscle strength. (startstemcells.com)
While treatments vary, and a cure remains undiscovered, stem cell therapy memory loss treatment is emerging as a potentially fruitful avenue worth exploring. (integrative-medicine-clinics.com)
Although recent advances in immunotherapy and CAR-T cells have rapidly improved cancer therapy and remission rates, there is still no "silver bullet" for cancer. (ptglab.com)
Cell Replacement Therapy for Parkinson's Disease - Evaluating the potential of autologous grafting. (lu.se)

In a study published today in the journal Nature , the team reports that activating the protein causes blood stem cells to self-renew at least twelvefold in laboratory conditions. (medicalxpress.com)
While by no means a full explanation, we believe that the expression of AXL by these cell types is an important clue for how the Zika virus is able to produce such devastating cases of microcephaly, and it fits very nicely with the evidence that's available," study coauthor Arnold Kriegstein of UCSF said in a statement . (the-scientist.com)
Brain cells in a dish integrated with a computer allowed the system to learn how to independently play Pong, a new study shows. (courthousenews.com)
The results of the study have been published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer-reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), confirming the effect of SARS-CoV-2 virus on the human brain. (aku.edu)
The study found that blood cells were also infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus at a lower level than astrocytes. (aku.edu)
Just as people's joints can get stiff as they age and make it harder for them to move around, hair follicle stem cells also get stiff, making it harder for them to grow hair, reports a new study. (sciencemission.com)
Our study demonstrates the possibility of stimulating hair growth by regulating cell mechanics. (sciencemission.com)
Approximately 0.05% of an applied dose (0.0026 mg/cm2) was determined in one human study (Franz 1984), and another estimated a dermal absorption rate of approximately 0.4 mg/cm2/hour under conditions of complete saturation (35-43 cm2 of skin was exposed to approximately 0.06 g/cm2 of liquid benzene for 1.25-2 hours) (Hanke et al. (cdc.gov)
A recent NIH study found that athletes who needed longer recovery times had slightly higher levels of tau protein released into their blood. (medlineplus.gov)

In the bottom image the frog embryo is lacking a head and brain as a result of the suppression of the Notum protein. (scitechdaily.com)
Amyloid precursor protein is cut by enzymes to create smaller fragments (peptides), some of which are released outside the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
When these protein fragments are released from the cell, they can accumulate in the brain and form clumps called amyloid plaques. (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy40

Organisms9

Diseases45

Chemicals and Drugs49

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment69

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes36

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science7

Named Groups4

Health Care13

Embryonic28

Organoids25

Neurons22

Mini brains12

Tissue31

Endothelial cells9

Barrier22

Researchers38

Differentiate9

Mice16

Tissues7

Neurological13

Mesenchymal5

Scientists23

Cortical4

Therapies9

Differentiation5

Hematopoietic3

Regenerative8

Therapeutic8

Biology8

Embryos2

Developmental4

Diseases17

Pluripotent5

20211

Fetal1

Findings5

Progenitor cell2

Adult2

Alzheimer's3

Transplant4

Gene7

Mimic1

Neural progenitor1

Cord blood5

IPSC1

Research24

Cerebral organoid1

Neuronal2

Glial cells1

Proteins3

Genes4

20161

Mechanisms4

Clinical4

Nerve9

Vessels of the brain2

Development7

MSCs2

Bone marrow3

Cellular2

Disorders3

Immune4

Tumor6

Organs - includi1

Model4

Generate1

Therapy4

Study9

Protein3