Human amyloid precursor protein. Medical search. Frequent questions

The major constituent of a senile plaque is β-amyloid (Αβ), which is a 40-43 amino acid peptide produced by the action of secretory pathway-associated proteases, namely β and γ secretases, at the C terminus of a type I membrane-spanning glycoprotein termed amyloid precursor protein (APP). (jneurosci.org)
The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a key axonal transport cargo in Alzheimer's disease since perturbation of its transport increases APP processing and production of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) that is deposited in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. (kcl.ac.uk)
Numerous studies have focused on the pathophysiological role of amyloid precursor protein (APP) because the proteolytic processing of APP to β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide is a central event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). (isciii.es)
A progressive increase in amyloid beta peptide deposition is observed, with intracellular immunoreactivity being detected in some brain regions as early as 3-4 months. (mmrrc.org)
The β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide is the major constituent of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain and is likely to play a central role in the pathogenesis of this devastating neurodegenerative disorder. (jneurosci.org)
One characteristic hallmark of AD is the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide in the form of insoluble extracellular senile plaques and soluble oligomers in susceptible areas of the brain. (frontiersin.org)
Two of these fragments are called soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPP) and amyloid beta (β) peptide. (medlineplus.gov)
The sAPP peptide may also control the function of certain other proteins by turning off (inhibiting) their activity. (medlineplus.gov)
Amyloid β peptide is likely involved in the ability of neurons to change and adapt over time (plasticity). (medlineplus.gov)
Other functions of sAPP and amyloid β peptide are under investigation. (medlineplus.gov)
Variants in the APP gene can lead to an increased amount of the amyloid β peptide or to the production of a slightly longer and stickier form of the peptide. (medlineplus.gov)
A buildup of toxic amyloid β peptide and amyloid plaques may lead to the death of neurons and the progressive signs and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. (medlineplus.gov)
The result of all of these variants is the production of an amyloid β peptide that is more prone to cluster together (aggregate) than the normal peptide. (medlineplus.gov)
A 39-42 amino acid peptide, AMYLOID BETA-PEPTIDES is a principal component of the extracellular amyloid in SENILE PLAQUES. (curehunter.com)
This antibody recognizes the peptide EEI QDE VDE LLQ KEQ NYS DD, which corresponds to residues #556-575 of the human APP gene product. (antibodiesinc.com)
This peptide sequence is also 100% conserved between human, mouse and rat homologs of APP, and the antibodies against this sequence cross-react with all three species. (antibodiesinc.com)
Bulk Order Inquiry for Anti-Amyloid Precursor Protein, Peptide #5 Antibody ------- (please add any order requirements, including desired quantity, timing, etc. (antibodiesinc.com)
One of the peptide sequences used is within the beta-amyloid fragment and recognizes the extracellular amyloid plaques observed in Alzheimer patients' brains (see Cat. (antibodiesinc.com)
Three other peptide sequences used, however, are within the extracellular domain of APP outside of this domain, and are useful for identifying the APP protein itself, and various proteolytic fragments, rather than the beta-amyloid peptide and plaques. (antibodiesinc.com)
Chickens were immunized with a keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) conjugate of the synthetic peptide EEI QDE VDE LLQ KEQ NYS DD, which corresponds to residues #556-575 of the human gene product (NP_000475.1). (antibodiesinc.com)
Amyloid B-protein/amyloid A4 is a peptide present in the neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and cerebrovascular deposits in patients with Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome (trisomy 21) and may be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. (embl.de)
At the cellular level, the disease phenotype is broad, affecting multiple functions, such as endosomal lipid accumulation, calcium dysregulation, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, amyloid peptide Aβ accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation. (biomedcentral.com)

It is commonly assumed that these deficits arise due to β-amyloid accumulation and plaque deposition. (springer.com)
The latter is a neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized by dementia, along with a dense deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) protein in senile plaques in the brain, hyperphosphorylated tau protein and neuron loss. (spandidos-publications.com)
Pathological hallmarks of AD include the presence of hyperphosphorylated tau and amyloid protein deposition. (frontiersin.org)
These data may have significant implications for understanding amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's disease. (embl.de)
Furthermore, a genetic variant within RNF219 was found to affect amyloid deposition in human brain and LOAD age-of-onset. (medscape.com)
Apo E proteins influence beta-amyloid deposition, cytoskeletal integrity, and efficiency of neuronal repair. (msdmanuals.com)

Lentivirus-mediated expression of human secreted amyloid precursor protein-alpha promotes long-term induction of neuroprotective genes and pathways in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. (otago.ac.nz)
Glutamate receptor trafficking and protein synthesis mediate the facilitation of LTP by secreted amyloid precursor protein-alpha. (otago.ac.nz)

Almkvist O, Basun H, Wagner SL, Rowe BA, Wahlund LO, Lannfelt L (1997) Cerebrospinal fluid levels of alpha-secretase-cleaved soluble amyloid precursor protein mirror cognition in a Swedish family with Alzheimer disease and a gene mutation. (springer.com)
Diurnal patterns of soluble amyloid precursor protein metabolites in t" by Justyna A. Dobrowolska, Tom Kasten et al. (wustl.edu)
Gastrointestinal absorption of soluble lead salts in adult humans can be high during fasting (40-50%), but is about 3-15% when ingested with food. (cdc.gov)

Accumulation of APP across mitochondrial import channels, which varied with the severity of AD, inhibited the entry of nuclear-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunits IV and Vb proteins, which was associated with decreased cytochrome c oxidase activity and increased levels of H 2 O 2 . (jneurosci.org)
Collectively, these results suggest that abnormal accumulation of APP across mitochondrial import channels, causing mitochondrial dysfunction, is a hallmark of human AD pathology. (jneurosci.org)
Senescence-related impairment of autophagy induces toxic intraneuronal amyloid-β accumulation in a mouse model of amyloid pathology. (uclouvain.be)
Here we show OS involvement in brain damage in a diabetic animal model that is at least partially mediated through an AD-pathology-independent mechanism apart from amyloid-β accumulation. (nature.com)
This, taken together with our human results, indicate that the McGill rat model in fact models the underlying wild-type neuronal population-specific vulnerability to Aβ42 accumulation. (lu.se)
Gouras GK, Tampellini D, Takahashi RH, Capetillo-Zarate E. I ntraneuronal beta-amyloid accumulation and synapse pathology in Alzheimer's disease . (lu.se)

Existing evidence suggests that the loss of NO in cultured human cerebrovascular endothelium causes increased expression of APP and β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) thereby resulting in increased secretion of amyloid β peptides (Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42). (nih.gov)
Familial Alzheimer's disease (fAD) mutations alter amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleavage by γ-secretase, increasing the proportion of longer amyloidogenic amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. (nature.com)
Transcripts/peptides of Notch1 and Delta-like ligand (DLL)-4 were detected in platelets isolated from human blood by RT-qPCR, Western analysis and flow cytometry. (elifesciences.org)
Amyloid precursor protein is cut by enzymes to create smaller fragments (peptides), some of which are released outside the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
It is cleaved by AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN SECRETASES to produce peptides of varying amino acid lengths. (curehunter.com)

Kahriman A, Bouley J, Smith TW, Bosco DA, Woerman AL, Henninger N. Mouse closed head traumatic brain injury replicates the histological tau pathology pattern of human disease: characterization of a novel model and systematic review of the literature. (umassmed.edu)
Did early studies of human traumatic brain injury overlook concomitant oligodendrocyte pathology in injured white matter tracts? (lu.se)

Disease progression was exacerbated in APP(Swe)/PS1 mice (transgenic mice expressing a chimeric amyloid precursor protein [APPSwe] and human presenilin 1 [PS1]) harboring CCR2-deficient BMCs. (nih.gov)

Nevertheless, the pathological hallmarks of extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) enriched plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of hyper-phosphorylated tau are shared between fAD and sporadic AD (sAD). (nature.com)

Most notably, rare pathogenic mutations have been identified in the amyloid precursor protein, microtubule associate protein tau, and alpha-synuclein genes, encoding the primary constituents of the defining disease pathologies (amyloid plaques and Tau neurofibrillary tangles in AD, and Lewy bodies in PD, respectively). (bcm.edu)
2012). We have also contributed to genome-wide association studies (GWAS) seeking novel susceptibility loci for AD neuropathologic traits, including amyloid neuritic plaques and Tau neurofibrillary tangles. (bcm.edu)
Characteristic to the disease is the profound atrophy of the brain accompanied by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and the presence of tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). (frontiersin.org)
Alzheimer disease causes progressive cognitive deterioration and is characterized by beta-amyloid deposits and neurofibrillary tangles in the cerebral cortex and subcortical gray matter. (msdmanuals.com)
Beta -amyloid may also alter kinase and phosphatase activities in ways that eventually lead to hyperphosphorylation of tau (a protein that stabilizes microtubules) and formation of neurofibrillary tangles. (msdmanuals.com)

In humans, the gene APP is located on chromosome 21 and contains 18 exons spanning 290 kilobases. (wikipedia.org)
Human Gene Therapy Methods 23:18-28. (springer.com)
We characterized a novel LXR response element within the second intron of this gene that is able to confer LXR-specific ligand responsiveness to reporter gene in both HepG2 and human embryonic kidney 293 cells. (aspetjournals.org)
and further, our genome scan implicates common variation in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene (Shulman et al. (bcm.edu)
The human ApoE gene has 3 allelic variants (ε2, ε3, and ε4). (spandidos-publications.com)
The APP gene provides instructions for making a protein called amyloid precursor protein. (medlineplus.gov)
The most common APP gene variant changes one of the protein building blocks (amino acids) in the amyloid precursor protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Variants in the APP gene have been found to cause hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy, a condition characterized by stroke and a decline in intellectual function (dementia), which begins in mid-adulthood. (medlineplus.gov)
Familial Alzheimer disease is caused by any one of a number of different single-gene mutations, such as mutations on chromosome 21, which cause the formation of abnormal amyloid precursor protein (APP). (medscape.com)
In the absence of function of this gene, excessive beta-amyloid deposits occur in the brain, which is one of the findings in patients with LOAD. (medscape.com)
The chromosomal localization of genes was improved, and Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) notation was used throughout for translocations, insertions, and other gene alterations. (who.int)

APP is best known as the precursor molecule whose proteolysis generates amyloid beta (Aβ), a polypeptide containing 37 to 49 amino acid residues, whose amyloid fibrillar form is the primary component of amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations in critical regions of amyloid precursor protein, including the region that generates amyloid beta (Aβ), cause familial susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease. (wikipedia.org)
Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and many other neurodegenerative diseases that manifest late in life are characterised by neurofibrillar inclusions of highly phosphorylated protein tau. (europa.eu)
In two recent Cell Reports papers, scientists led by Scott Small, Columbia University, New York, detail new insights into the function of the retromer, an endosome protein complex linked to Alzheimer's disease. (alzforum.org)
I am the curator of our blood archive (Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson and Control human participants). (otago.ac.nz)
Monocytes emigrate from bone marrow, can infiltrate into brain, differentiate into microglia and clear amyloid β (Aβ) from the brain of mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). (nih.gov)
Finally, the other, more famous culprit in Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-beta plaques (or "brain gunk") have been shown to accumulate following increased brain cell activity. (forbes.com)
These amyloid molecules are typically found in plaques that are the trademark of Alzheimer's disease. (bcm.edu)
The amyloid proteins isolated from neuritic plaques and the cerebrovasculature of Alzheimer's disease are self-aggregating moieties termed A4 protein and beta-protein, respectively. (embl.de)
Protease inhibitor domain encoded by an amyloid protein precursor mRNA associated with Alzheimer's disease. (embl.de)
BACKGROUND: Amyloid-β (Aβ) is a normal product of neuronal activity, including that of the aggregation-prone Aβ42 variant that is thought to cause Alzheimer's disease (AD). (lu.se)
Furthermore, while a few genetic mutations, such as those in the amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-2 genes, have been found to be associated with early-onset Alzheimer's disease, most cases of dementia occur in older adults in whom no definitive genetic risk has been identified. (cdc.gov)

Roles of amyloid precursor protein and its fragments in regulating neural activity, plasticity and memory. (proteopedia.org)
Austin SA, Combs CK (2008) Mechanisms of microglial activation by amyloid precursor protein and its proteolytic fragments. (springer.com)
Interestingly, PNGase F treatment of human brain homogenates prior to the WB, which is known to remove the N-glycosylations, unexpectedly gives rise to two dominant bands, which are now known as C-terminal (C1) and N-terminal (N1) fragments. (mdpi.com)
When these protein fragments are released from the cell, they can accumulate in the brain and form clumps called amyloid plaques. (medlineplus.gov)
Confocal image showing the localization of the Amyloid Precursor Protein and its proteolytic fragments (with green and red fluorescence tags at both ends) within an intact Drosophila brain. (ohsu.edu)
We are focusing on the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) and the fragments that are produced from it, which include the Amyloid ß fragment that accumulates in the plaques that are characteristic for AD. (ohsu.edu)

Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) is an integral membrane protein expressed in many tissues and concentrated in the synapses of neurons. (wikipedia.org)
To address these issues, we monitored how siRNA mediated loss of JIP1 influenced transport of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-tagged APP through axons and production of endogenous Aβ in living neurons. (kcl.ac.uk)
Amyloid-related dendritic atrophy and membrane alterations of susceptible brain neurons in AD, and in animal models of AD are widely recognized. (frontiersin.org)
In this study spatial reconstructions and electrophysiological measurements of layer II/III pyramidal neurons of the somatosensory cortex from wild-type (WT) and transgenic (TG) human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) overexpressing Tg2576 mice were used to build faithful segmental cable models of these neurons. (frontiersin.org)
Our simulations predict the way how subthreshold dendritic signaling and pattern recognition are preserved in TG neurons: amyloid-related membrane alterations compensate for the pathological effects that dendritic atrophy has on subthreshold dendritic signal transfer and integration in layer II/III somatosensory neurons of this hAPP mouse model for AD. (frontiersin.org)
Using five control induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines and seven iPSC lines generated from fAD patients, we investigated the effects of mutations on the Aβ secretome in human neurons generated in 2D and 3D. (nature.com)
These data support Aβ mechanistic tenets in a human physiological model and substantiate iPSC-neurons for modelling fAD. (nature.com)
ApoE is the main lipid carrier protein in the brain, and it is released by astrocytes in order to supply neurons with cholesterol. (spandidos-publications.com)
In one, published December 28 last year, first author Sabrina Simoes and colleagues reported that neurons rely on vacuolar protein sorting ortholog 26b (VPS26b), a retromer component. (alzforum.org)
In the January 18 issue, Small, Beth Stevens at Boston Children's Hospital, and colleagues reported that knocking out a different retromer protein, VPS35, in hippocampal neurons in mice not only jammed neuronal endosome traffic but also caused microglia to assume shapes resembling those seen in AD. (alzforum.org)
Adding VPS35 back into the neurons restored both protein trafficking and microglial morphology. (alzforum.org)
For these studies we use neurons that are maintained in cell culture as well as genetically-modified strains of mice that are at increased risk for developing neurodegenerative conditions analogous to those observed in humans. (uml.edu)
ApoE is thought to be internalized into endosomes of neurons, whereas β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulates within neuronal endosomes early in AD. (lu.se)
In AD transgenic neurons, astrocyte-derived ApoE intersects intracellularly with amyloid precursor protein/Aβ. (lu.se)
Taken together, we demonstrate differential localization of ApoE in neurons, astrocytes, and neuron-like cells, and show that internalized ApoE intersects with amyloid precursor protein/Aβ in neurons, which may be of considerable relevance to AD. (lu.se)

Familial AD (FAD) cases are caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the genes for amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the presenilins (PS1 and PS2) ( Sisodia and St George-Hyslop, 2002 ). (jneurosci.org)
In addition to the potential for fundamental biological insights, functional dissection of susceptibility genes will be essential to realize the full promise of human genetics for clinical applications. (bcm.edu)
fAD-causing mutations in the genes coding for amyloid precursor protein ( APP ), presenilin 1 ( PSEN1 ) and presenilin 2 ( PSEN2 ) affect the production of Aβ in the central nervous system (CNS), implicating altered APP cleavage and processing in the AD disease mechanism [ 1 ]. (nature.com)
Mutations in genes for the amyloid precursor protein, presenilin I, and presenilin II may lead to autosomal dominant forms of Alzheimer disease, typically with early onset. (msdmanuals.com)

Human Molecular Genetics , 22 (22), 4646-4652. (kcl.ac.uk)

Thus, diabetes seems to affect cognitive function through not only AD-dependent mechanisms but also AD-independent mechanisms apart from amyloid metabolism. (nature.com)
Several of these mediators-including APBA2, FYN, RNF219, and SV2A-encode known or novel modulators of LOAD-associated amyloid-beta A4 precursor protein (APP) endocytosis and metabolism. (medscape.com)

We will discuss the recognized ability of endothelial NO to modulate processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP), influence functional status of microglia, and affect cognitive function. (nih.gov)
In this review article, we discuss the potential benefits of IF on cognitive function and the possible effects on the prevention and progress of brain-related disorders in animals and humans. (mdpi.com)
Evidence indicates a close relationship between depressive disorder and cognitive deficits in human patients [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)

Extracellular vesicle DNA from human melanoma tissues contains cancer-specific mutations. (gu.se)
Whereas, distinct presenilin 1 ( PSEN1 ) mutations lead to either (2) reduced γ-secretase activity, (3) altered protein stability or (4) reduced PSEN1 maturation, all culminating in reduced γ-secretase carboxypeptidase-like activity. (nature.com)

Here we report that nonglycosylated full-length and C-terminal truncated amyloid precursor protein (APP) accumulates exclusively in the protein import channels of mitochondria of human AD brains but not in age-matched controls. (jneurosci.org)

Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP, UniProt Accession Number P05067) is a 770 amino acid, single-pass transmembrane protein whose beta-amyloid proteolytic fragment can form neurotoxic extracellular accumulations in human cerebral cortex, and is widely believed to be the cause of Alzheimer's dementia. (antibodiesinc.com)

Nakayama, M Radioiodinated flavones for in vivo imaging of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. (bindingdb.org)
iv) Brain cholesterol affects the Aβ formation from amyloid precursor protein (APP) ( 13 , 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This protein is found in many tissues and organs, including the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). (medlineplus.gov)
The aggregated protein forms amyloid deposits that accumulate in the blood vessels of the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
Amyloid deposits in specific parts of the brain can interfere with normal brain function, leading to dementia, seizures, movement problems, and other neurological features in some people with hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy. (medlineplus.gov)
Brain sections from a wild type fly and a transgenic fly expressing human Tau with a disease-associated mutation. (ohsu.edu)
A putative A4 amyloid precursor (herein termed A4(695] has been characterized by analysis of a human brain complementary DNA. (embl.de)
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the brain-wide expression of Aβ42 throughout the life span of outbred Wistar rats, and to relate these findings to brains of human subjects without neurological disease. (lu.se)
METHODS: Aβ42 immunolabeling of 12 Wistar rat brains (3-18 months of age) and brain sections from six human subjects. (lu.se)
APOE at the molecular level helps in the synthesis of apolipoprotein E, which is a cholesterol carrier in the brain, helping in amyloid aggregation and the clearing of deposits from the parenchyma of the brain. (medscape.com)

Using a human cortical neuronal (HCN) culture system, we showed that full-length APP is targeted to both mitochondria and plasma membrane (PM) by virtue of N-terminal chimeric signals. (jneurosci.org)
The amyloid beta region of the protein, located in the membrane-spanning domain, is not well conserved across species and has no obvious connection with APP's native-state biological functions. (wikipedia.org)
The human cellular prion protein (PrP C ) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored membrane glycoprotein with two N-glycosylation sites at residues 181 and 197. (mdpi.com)

Previous studies in our laboratory revealed that APP plays an important role in the differentiation of human neural stem cells (hNSCs), favoring glial differentiation (gliogenesis) and preventing their differentiation toward a neuronal phenotype (neurogenesis). (isciii.es)
Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) Controls the Expression of the Transcriptional Activator Neuronal PAS Domain Protein 4 (NPAS4) and Synaptic GABA Release. (uclouvain.be)
Spontaneous neuronal signaling is inherently musical and mathematical: insight into the universal human affinity for music. (uml.edu)

The Piedmont type of hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy is caused by the replacement of the amino acid leucine at position 34 with the amino acid valine (written as Leu34Val or L34V). (medlineplus.gov)

And earlier this year , a study found that when mice are subjected to stress over a period of time, they have more phosphorylated tau protein deposits in their brains (see this Scientific American blog for a nice synopsis). (forbes.com)

One member of the family is encoded by an alternatively-spliced form of Alzheimer's amyloid beta-protein. (embl.de)

Barger SW, Harmon AD (1997) Microglial activation by Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein and modulation by apolipoprotein E. Nature 388:878-881. (springer.com)

This substitution is adjacent to the beta secretase cleavage site and results in a 40% reduction in the formation of amyloid beta in vitro. (wikipedia.org)

iii) In a transgenic mouse model of AD (B6Tg2576), early atherosclerosis lesions were detected and were positively correlated with cerebral β amyloid deposits when mice were fed a normal diet ( 11 ) or atherogenic diets ( 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The amyloid deposits replace the muscle fibers and elastic fibers that give blood vessels flexibility, causing the blood vessels to become weak and prone to breakage. (medlineplus.gov)

Earlier work had pointed to the fact that indeed in mice, the stress hormones are linked to higher levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and tau protein, which is seen in Alzheimer's and in other forms of dementia. (forbes.com)
Here, we asked whether this aberrant signaling may be exacerbated by the loss of amyloid precursor protein (APP) function, a loss known to shorten lifespan and accelerate neurodegeneration in Npc1 −/− mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Multiplex protein analysis further showed elevated expression of IP-10/CXCL10, a potent downstream effector of IFN-γ, as well as RANTES/CCL5, eotaxin/CCL11 and IL-10, prior to symptomatic onset in Npc1 −/− /App −/− cerebella, compared with Npc1 −/− /App +/+ mice. (biomedcentral.com)

beta-amyloid is the main component of neuritic (senile) plaques, which consist of degenerated axonal or dendritic processes, astrocytes, and glial cells around an amyloid core. (msdmanuals.com)

However, the causative factors involved in the mitochondrial dysfunction in human AD are not well understood. (jneurosci.org)

We demonstrate expression of Notch1, its ligand DLL-4 and their respective transcripts in human platelets. (elifesciences.org)

In particular, similarities in post-translational processing have invited comparisons to the signaling role of the surface receptor protein Notch. (wikipedia.org)
Second messenger signaling bypasses CGRP receptor blockade to provoke migraine attacks in humans. (medscape.com)

I have a lot of experience in the following methodologies: protein isolation, protein synthesis assays, Western blotting, genotyping, RNA isolation and qPCR miRNA/mRNA arrays, bioinformatics and statistical analyses. (otago.ac.nz)
A new A4 amyloid mRNA contains a domain homologous to serine proteinase inhibitors. (embl.de)

Protein tau is a major microtubule-associated protein in the vertebrate nervous system. (europa.eu)
Körschgen H, Baeken M, Schmitt D, Nagel H, Behl C . Co-chaperone BAG3 enters autophagic pathway via its interaction with microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta. (unimedizin-mainz.de)

This resembles the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) in Alzheimer disease (AD), which can be physiologically processed by α-, β-, and γ-secretases. (mdpi.com)

Aβ is produced through the endoproteolysis of APP, a large type 1 transmembrane protein. (jneurosci.org)

Overexpression of wild-type human amyloid precursor protein alters GABAergic transmission. (uclouvain.be)

2023). Identification of potential selective autophagy receptors from protein-content profiling of autophagosomes. (unimedizin-mainz.de)

Amyloid-beta precursor protein is an ancient and highly conserved protein. (wikipedia.org)
The extracellular E2 domain, a dimeric coiled coil and one of the most highly conserved regions of the protein from Drosophila to humans. (handwiki.org)

The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. (nih.gov)
The groups used very different isolation methods (i.e., expression cloning, protein purification, genomics), yet all identified the same enzyme and concurred that it possessed all the known characteristics of β-secretase ( Fig. 1 ) ( Cole and Vassar, 2008 ). (jneurosci.org)

In my laboratory researchers are examining the roles played by axonal cytoskeletal proteins in nervous system development, and in the etiology of Alzheimer's and other related neurodegenerative diseases. (uml.edu)

Although AD is probably a multifactorial illness, one of the most widely used working paradigms on the underlying mechanisms is the amyloid hypothesis. (frontiersin.org)
The focus of Dr. Kretzschmar's work is to identify genetic factors and mechanisms that lead to progressive degeneration of the adult nervous system using Drosophila as a model for human diseases. (ohsu.edu)
These mechanisms include the ability of lead to inhibit or mimic the action of calcium and to interact with proteins. (cdc.gov)

Nevertheless, there is a strong correlation between the neurotoxicity caused by prion proteins and the blockade of their normal proteolysis. (mdpi.com)

Anatomy22

Organisms6

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs44

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment12

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes25

Disciplines and Occupations1

Humanities1

Information Science3

Peptide22

Deposition6

Secreted amyloid precursor pro2

Soluble3

Accumulation6

Peptides5

Pathology2

Transgenic mice1

Extracellular amyloid1

Neurofibrillary tangles5

Gene11

Alzheimer's Disease12

Fragments6

Neurons15

Genes4

Genetics1

Metabolism2

Cognitive3

Mutations2

Accumulates1

Fragment1

Brain10

Membrane3

Neuronal3

Hereditary cerebral1

Brains1

Beta protein1

Apolipoprotein1

Cleavage1

Deposits2

Mice3

Neuritic1

Mitochondrial dysfunction1

Ligand1

Receptor2

MRNA2

Microtubule2

Alzheimer Disease1

Transmembrane protein1

Overexpression1

Receptors1

Highly conserved2

Enzyme2

Cytoskeletal1

Mechanisms3

Proteolysis1