Human adult mammalian cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

True cloning performed by nuclear transfer from an adult and differentiated somatic cell to a previously enucleated egg (somatic cell nuclear transfer, SCNT), gives rise to a new cell, the nuclovulo (nucleus+ovum), distinct from the zygote because the sperm is not involved in its creation, while both can develop as embryos and give rise to offspring. (sibi.org)
In humans, a major roadblock in achieving successful SCNT leading to embryonic stem cells has been the fact that human SCNT embryos fail to progress beyond the eight-cell stage. (news-medical.net)
They derived several human embryonic stem cell lines from these cloned embryos whose DNA was an exact match to the adult cell that donated the DNA. (news-medical.net)
My laboratory has developed new technologies and applied them towards understanding the molecular biology and enzymology of DNA replication in animal cells and viruses (SV40, polyomavirus, papillomavirus, and herpes simplex virus), and at the beginning of animal development (mouse preimplantation embryos and frog eggs). (nih.gov)
Here, we present whole-genome chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) analyses of a wide variety of histone markers in the brain, heart, and liver of early human embryos shortly after their formation. (researchgate.net)
Yamanaka worked to find new ways to acquire embryonic stem cells to avoid the social and ethical controversies surrounding the use of human embryos in stem cell research during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. (asu.edu)
Since that time, these cells have given us a wealth of information of how mammalian embryos, including human babies, develop in the womb and how development continues following birth. (scitizen.com)
We discussed the reported function of those genes, with emphasis on altered physiological states that are capable of initiating adverse health effects that might be anticipated if gene expression were significantly altered in either adults or embryos exposed in utero. (cdc.gov)
Some prohibit only cloning for reproductive purposes and allow the creation of cloned human embryos for research, whereas others prohibit the creation of cloned embryos for any purpose. (who.int)

Inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling by everolimus induces senescence in adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma and apoptosis in peripheral T-cell lymphomas. (edu.lb)
In this submission, we explored the effect of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex-1 (mTORC1) inhibitor everolimus (RAD001) on ATL and HTLV-negative malignant T-cell lines. (edu.lb)
Both the BH3 mimetic venetoclax and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors improved tumor responses to the antiestrogen tamoxifen in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. (lclabs.com)

Prior to SCNT, the somatic cell (differentiated) must be reprogramed to a similar state of a pluripotent embryonic cell (undifferentiated) before the nucleus is extracted and transferred. (sibi.org)
The resulting cells were pluripotent and could be differentiated into insulin-producing beta cells to restore the function of the pancreas in the donor. (news-medical.net)
Here we show that bivalent domains and chromosome architecture for bivalent genes are dynamically regulated during the cell cycle in human pluripotent cells. (researchgate.net)
The researchers showed that human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived neural stem cells engineered with reduced expression of a gene called SOX9 differentiate preferentially into spinal motor neurons. (genengnews.com)
Transplantation of human NSCs (hNSCs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells at the SCI sites has been considered a promising therapeutic strategy to compensate for the loss of spinal neurons, and could feasibly enable their connectivity with host neurons, leading to spinal cord recovery. (genengnews.com)
But what is not getting such wide reporting is the use of pluripotent stem cells (as well as many other types of cells and genetic engineering techniques) for reproductive purposes . (lifeissues.net)
In 2006, Kazutoshi Takahashi and Shinya Yamanaka reprogrammed mice fibroblast cells, which can produce only other fibroblast cells, to become pluripotent stem cells, which have the capacity to produce many different types of cells. (asu.edu)
They called the pluripotent stem cells that they produced induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) because they had induced the adult cells, called differentiated cells, to become pluripotent stem cells through genetic manipulation. (asu.edu)
Yamanaka received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012, along with John Gurdon, as their work showed scientists how to reprogram mature cells to become pluripotent. (asu.edu)
Other research groups such as Masako Tada's group in Japan in 2001 and Chad CowanÆs group in Massachusetts in 2005 combined embryonic stem cells with somatic cells to produce pluripotent cells. (asu.edu)
After these experiments with somatic cells, Takahashi and Yamanaka hypothesized that there were common factors, genes in particular, which caused somatic cells to become pluripotent stem cells. (asu.edu)
In 2006, Takahashi and Yamanaka selected twenty-four candidate genes as factors that they hypothesized could possibly induce somatic cells to become pluripotent, and they began to test them one at a time. (asu.edu)
In 2016, Axiogenesis AG and Metrion Biosciences Ltd., joined forces with the aim to validate, optimize, and commercialize induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cells and tissues to speed up research in drug discovery. (medgadget.com)
In vitro , recombinant agrin promotes the division of cardiomyocytes that are derived from mouse and human induced pluripotent stem cells through a mechanism that involves the disassembly of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, and Yap- and ERK-mediated signalling. (nature.com)
The efficient derivation of specialized and functional cardiomyocytes (CMs) from pluripotent stem cells is a primary goal for stem cell-based cardiac regenerative therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
Chad and I have both been principal investigators on the induced pluripotent stem cell (IPSC) grant. (medscape.com)
I fell in love with the idea of human pluripotent stem cells and started surveying the United States and even Europe for who was playing in that area. (medscape.com)

Cloning of human cells is a technology that holds the potential to cure many diseases and provide a source of exactly matched transplant tissues and organs. (news-medical.net)
As in other tissues, new cells in these brain areas can arise there only because of the presence of stem cells, which can both replicate themselves and spin off daughter cells that differentiate to become dedicated nerve cells. (sciencedaily.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
They play critical roles during embryonic development and in the maintenance and repair of adult tissues. (cshlpress.com)
The contributors describe how the first cell lineages arise in the mammalian embryo, stem cell dynamics during the development and homeostasis of specific tissues (e.g., epithelia and brain), and what happens when stem cell integrity is compromised (e.g., by DNA mutations). (cshlpress.com)
Unlike some other tissues, it has not been possible to identify or purify neural stem cells directly from the tissue. (elifesciences.org)
These cells are accumulated in, or in transit between, various mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT), which together form the largest mammalian lymphoid organ system1. (stackexchange.com)
Teleost fishes and amphibians show robust regeneration abilities of heart tissues, whereas the adult mammalian heart poorly renews itself, showing extremely limited regenerative capacity. (biomedcentral.com)
In neonates, this area is a dense neural sheet, but, in children and adults, the respiratory and olfactory tissues interdigitate. (medscape.com)

increased public sensitivity and awareness together with the development of national regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general. (lifeissues.net)
An in-depth analysis aiming at re-defining this terminology according to the new developments in human embryo research would be highly beneficial . (lifeissues.net)
3. National regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general adopted so far confirm the convergence of views of the refusal to adopt legislation or guidelines permitting reproductive cloning , while they still show variations on the legitimacy of human cloning carried out as part of research agendas. (lifeissues.net)
The signaling requirements for ventral dermal cell development have not been established in either the chick or the mammalian embryo. (biologists.com)

The elucidation of factors that activate the regeneration of the adult mammalian heart is of major scientific and therapeutic importance. (ca.gov)
The MDI Biological Laboratory has announced new discoveries about the mechanisms underlying the regeneration of heart tissue by Assistant Professor Voot P. Yin, Ph.D., which raise hope that drugs can be identified to help the body grow muscle cells and remove scar tissue, important steps in the regeneration of heart tissue. (lifeboat.com)
During limb epimorphic regeneration: committed mesenchymal cells at the stump site dedifferentiate, forming a cluster of heterogeneous population of stem cells, known as the blastema. (eurekaselect.com)
Similar to epimorphic regeneration is retrodifferentiation in human leukocytes. (eurekaselect.com)
Epimorphic regeneration and retrodifferentiation both have the capacity to recreate and reconstruct tissue with precise positional integration of cells in such a way that will enable us to heal without scars and to understand how to maintain tissue integrity and architecture in the face of a hostile environment. (eurekaselect.com)
Hair cell regeneration was not a major topic of research in hearing science until 1986-87. (hearingreview.com)
Hair cell regeneration occurring after hair cells were destroyed. (hearingreview.com)
We and others are working hard to understand the molecular chain of events responsible for hair cell regeneration in species where it occurs. (hearingreview.com)
We have also discovered one gene (and there will be others) that is responsible for turning off the production of hair cells during development and may be involved in preventing regeneration. (hearingreview.com)
In fact, a team of researchers has recently used new findings from research on development of the inner ear to induce a few new cells in the guinea pig cochlea to become hair cells again proving that hair cell regeneration will be possible. (hearingreview.com)
The good news is that, for the first time in history, there are teams of investigators worldwide exploring the possibility that hair cell regeneration can be induced in the mammal and human cochlea. (hearingreview.com)
From discovery of molecules that could induce regeneration in laboratory animals, it could be as little as another 10 years until we achieve hair cell regeneration in humans. (hearingreview.com)
In vivo , a single administration of agrin promotes cardiac regeneration in adult mice after myocardial infarction, although the degree of cardiomyocyte proliferation observed in this model suggests that there are additional therapeutic mechanisms. (nature.com)
Together, our results uncover a new inducer of mammalian heart regeneration and highlight fundamental roles of the extracellular matrix in cardiac repair. (nature.com)
Figure 3: Agrin induces cardiac regeneration in adult mice. (nature.com)
MicroRNAs regulate target gene expression post-transcriptionally in a myriad of cell types and play critical roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes, including cardiomyocyte development, differentiation, and regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
Identifying molecular regulators and critical mediators of cardiac cell type development, proliferation, and differentiation is of great clinical importance, and unraveling such molecular horizons could lead to the development of therapeutic strategies for successful regeneration of the human adult heart. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to the olfactory neurons, the epithelium is composed of supporting cells, Bowman glands and ducts unique to the olfactory epithelium, and basal cells that allow for the regeneration of the epithelium, including the olfactory sensory neurons. (medscape.com)

Failure of mammalian cells to regulate their proliferation cycle leads to cancer. (nih.gov)
Dr. Rajaguru Aradhya and Jagla, K., "Insulin-dependent Non-canonical Activation of Notch in Drosophila: A Story of Notch-Induced Muscle Stem Cell Proliferation", in Notch Signaling in Embryology and Cancer: Molecular Biology of Notch Signaling, vol. 1227, J. Reichrath and Reichrath, S., Eds. (amrita.edu)
Progenitor cells from adult mammalian ciliary body have significant, but limited, proliferation potential and express markers characteristic of other progenitor cells and seen during early retinal development. (johnshopkins.edu)
Figure 5: Agrin promotes proliferation and attenuates maturation of human iPSC-CMs. (nature.com)

When transplanted into a rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI) these neural stem cells generated mature neuronal subtypes, were able to integrate and grow axons that projected over long distances and connected with the recipient's neurons. (genengnews.com)
Spinal neurons around the scar cannot be restored due to the low intrinsic regenerative ability of undamaged neurons and the lack of neural stem cells in the adult spinal cord. (genengnews.com)
spinal composition and architectures within and around the scar cannot be restored due to low intrinsic regenerative ability of neurons in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) and the postinjury environment. (genengnews.com)
In 1989, Dr. Temple discovered that the embryonic mammalian brain contained a rare, multipotent stem cell that could be extracted and grown in tissue culture to produce both neurons and glia. (ny.gov)
Neurons that arise in the adult nervous system originate from neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells. (elifesciences.org)
Neural stem cells can also give rise to neural progenitor cells, which proliferate rapidly during their short lives and then 'differentiate' into neurons or glia. (elifesciences.org)
Since neurosphere-forming cells can self-renew and differentiate into neurons and glia, the ability of cells to form neurospheres has generally been taken as evidence that they are stem cells. (elifesciences.org)
The human brain contains almost 100 billion neurons that have become specialised to carry out different functions such as cognition, control of voluntary movement, memory and so on. (cdkl5.com)
Ultrastructurally, NS cells displayed abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and many cellular processes but no characteristics of mature retinal neurons or glia. (johnshopkins.edu)
As humans age, the number of olfactory neurons steadily decreases. (medscape.com)

However, reshaping of the epigenome of these terminally differentiated cells during fetal development, postnatal maturation, and in disease remains unknown. (nature.com)
This study uncovers distinct layers of epigenetic regulation not only during prenatal development and postnatal maturation but also in diseased human cardiac myocytes. (nature.com)
Based on this method 13 , 14 , we used a nuclear staining strategy to isolate CM nuclei from intact prenatal and postnatal human heart tissue and subjected these nuclei to comprehensive analysis of the epigenome during prenatal development, postnatal maturation, and in heart failure. (nature.com)
Here we describe the human CM epigenome during prenatal development and postnatal maturation of the heart from infant to adult age and in terminal failure. (nature.com)
Here, we extend and adapt a model of the cross-species transformation of early neurodevelopmental events which presently reaches up to the equivalent of the third human postnatal year for 18 mammalian species (www.translatingtime.net) to address questions relevant to hippocampal neurogenesis, which permit extending the database to adolescence or perhaps to the whole lifespan. (figshare.com)
Astrocyte layer features, established in the early postnatal cortex, mostly persisted in adult mouse and human cortex. (cdkl5.com)

Abstract The ventricularCsubventricular area (V\SVZ) from the mammalian human brain is a niche site of adult neurogenesis. (holyexperiment.org)

A fundamental characteristic of these viruses, because of their segmented genome, is that 2 distinct viruses can infect the same cell and combine their genomes, thus generating novel viruses ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
As with other parasites that infect both mammalian and insect hosts, the life cycle of T cruzi is complex (see image below). (medscape.com)
As epimastigotes (depicted in the first image below) move to the hindgut, they differentiate into metacyclic trypomastigotes (depicted in the second image below), which are nondividing forms resistant to mammalian complement that have the capacity to infect mammalian cells. (medscape.com)
Several of the adult tapeworms that infect humans are named after their main intermediate host (the fish, beef, and pork tapeworms). (msdmanuals.com)

It is quite possible that the advances in human biology in the remainder of the twentieth century will be remembered as the most significant scientific achievement of the animal species known as Homo sapiens . (lifeissues.net)
During the mid- to late-nineties, this possibility was realised, with the isolation of ES cells from various species including rabbit, pig, cow, and primates (monkey and marmoset), culminating with the publication in 1998 of two articles on the isolation of human ES cells 2 . (scitizen.com)
After damage occurred, there were indeed new hair cells generated by renewed cell division in several species of fully mature birds. (hearingreview.com)
The adult hippocampus hosts the continuous addition of new dentate granule cells (DGCs) in numerous mammalian species, including humans. (biomedcentral.com)
The genus Borrelia currently contains 37 species of spiro- spirochetes were commonly present in the midgut of infected chetes, many of which cause diseases in humans and domestic ticks and occasionally seen in the hindgut and rectal ampule. (cdc.gov)
Cestode infection spreads when eggs laid by adult tapeworms in the intestines of definitive hosts are excreted with feces into the environment and ingested by an intermediate host (typically another species). (msdmanuals.com)
Although many species produce clonal offspring in this fashion, Dolly, the lamb born in 1996 at a research institute in Scotland, was the first asexually produced mammalian clone. (who.int)

In an in vitro micronucleus assay in cultured peripheral human lymphocytes performed according to OECD Guideline 487, it was concluded that T003063 was not clastogenic or aneugenic in human lymphocytes in the absence and in the presence of S9 -mix under the experimental conditions described in the report. (europa.eu)
Binding of MHC class II antigens on leukocytes with the monoclonal antibody CR3/43 appears to emulate stress and injury in human tissue in vitro, similar to limb amputation in salamander. (eurekaselect.com)
Although glyphosate is commonly considered to be relatively non-toxic, we utilized in vitro DNA microarray analysis of this chemical to evaluate its capacity to alter the expression of a variety of genes in human cells. (cdc.gov)
In in vitro experiments, mimics of miR-1287-5p and miR-197-5p and inhibitors of miR-339-5p and miR328-3p upregulated concentrations of EPHA2 in either cell lysate, supernatant, or both. (cdc.gov)

As ChIP-seq cannot establish physical co-occurrence of two marks on the same allele, admixture of cells that either express (green) or do not express (red) the gene in focus could explain the occurrence of both marks as well as the low expression level in the overall population. (researchgate.net)
In contrast, in the case of ''true'' bivalency, virtually all cells in the population carry both marks simultaneously at the promoter in question, leading to low, if any, expression for that gene in all cells. (researchgate.net)
Histone modifications and chromatin-associated protein complexes are crucially involved in the control of gene expression, supervising cell fate decisions and differentiation. (researchgate.net)
The epigenetic regulation of spatiotemporal gene expression is crucial for human development. (researchgate.net)
The researchers reported on their developments in Advanced Science , in a paper titled, " Transplanting Human Neural Stem Cells with ≈50% Reduction of SOX9 Gene Dosage Promotes Tissue Repair and Functional Recovery from Severe Spinal Cord Injury ," in which they concluded, "Our findings represent a new paradigm in generating genetically modified hNSCs for the treatment of SCI. (genengnews.com)
Each gene was inserted near the mouse Fbx15 gene, a gene that embryonic stem cells express during development in mice. (asu.edu)
In the present study, we developed a high-content pipeline, the large-area spatial transcriptomic (LaST) map, which can quantify single-cell gene expression in situ. (cdkl5.com)
cDNA cloning and expression analysis of a novel human F-box domain containing gene. (nih.gov)
This focuses on the expression of the human tdp1 mutant gene in brain tissue of flies lacking the endogenous Gkt protein. (ataxia.org)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs (~22 nucleotides in length) that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by imperfect binding to the 3′ untranslated region of target mRNAs in a wide variety of cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
Alteration of estrogen-regulated gene expression in human cells induced by the agricultural and horticultural herbicide glyphosate. (cdc.gov)
Gene expression is altered in mammalian cells (MCF-7 cells), by exposure to a variety of chemicals that mimic steroid hormones or interact with endocrine receptors or their co-factors. (cdc.gov)

Pre-GEPCOT cells could not form neurospheres but expressed the stem cell markers Slc1a3-CreER T , GFAP-CreER T2 , Sox2 CreERT2 , and Gli1 CreERT2 and were long-lived in vivo. (elifesciences.org)
The robustness and efficacy of the retrodifferentiation process in generating unprecedented quantities of stem cells belonging to the three germ layers will enable organ and tissue reconstruction ex vivo, using bio-printing and various scaffold materials. (eurekaselect.com)
The work on mammals now is at a point where we can induce a small amount of cell division in the inner ear in a dish (that is, in a culture), as well as in vivo (occurring within a living organism). (hearingreview.com)
It blocks the growth of BCL-2-dependent tumors in vivo and spares human platelets. (lclabs.com)

Background: Bivalent chromatin domains consisting of the activating histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) histone modifications are enriched at developmental genes that are repressed in embryonic stem cells but active during differentiation. (researchgate.net)
This approach alters the grafts' response in the injury environment and confers enhanced neuronal differentiation capacity, survival, and integration, as well as reduced glial scar formation to provide a more effective stem cell therapy for severe traumatic SCI. (genengnews.com)
In order to investigate in detail how the avian homologue ITA interfered with both TNF induced apoptosis and the NGF mediated differentiation in PC12 cells, a two hybrid screen was performed with a PC12 library using ITA as a bait. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Her group has continued to make pioneering contributions to the field of neural stem cell research, identifying factors intrinsic to these cells as well as external signaling molecules from the niche that participate in their self-renewal and differentiation. (ny.gov)
Kusek G, Campbell M, Doyle F, Tenenbaum SA, Kiebler M, Temple S (2012) Segregation of the double-stranded RNA binding protein Stau2 during mammalian asymmetric neural stem cell division promotes lineage progression and differentiation. (ny.gov)
I would no avoid to learn my NRE cells to RFC as they are lower process of differentiation and no affect overcome a planning page. (cutechabeads.com)
Such a prospect is currently hampered, however, in part by an incompletely defined complex of molecular regulators of cardiac cell development and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
This commentary discusses the findings from Wagh and colleagues published in this issue of Stem Cell Research and Therapy demonstrating a critical role for miR-363 in post-transcriptional regulation of CM differentiation via the hand and neural crest derivative expressed HAND1 transcription factor [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
miRNAs could thus be the best targets for understanding cardiac specialization during differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). (biomedcentral.com)
The model also predicts that reprogramming the network from a differentiated state, in particular the endoderm state, into a stem cell state, is best achieved by over-expressing Nanog, rather than by suppression of differentiation genes such as Gata-6. (lu.se)

We prospectively identified, and isolated by flow cytometry, adult mouse lateral ventricle subventricular zone (SVZ) NICs as Glast mid EGFR high PlexinB2 high CD24 −/low O4/PSA-NCAM −/low Ter119/CD45 − (GEPCOT) cells. (elifesciences.org)
have used a technique called flow cytometry to identify and isolate neural stem cells and neurosphere-forming cells directly from the subventricular zone. (elifesciences.org)

The recent publication in Stem Cell Research and Therapy by Wagh and colleagues reports a novel regulatory role for miR-363 in cardiomyocyte specification. (biomedcentral.com)
At International Society for Stem Cell Research-the big stem cell meeting-Yamanaka revealed one more factor. (medscape.com)

Application of the human Fstl1 protein (FSTL1) via an epicardial patch stimulates cell cycle entry and division of pre-existing cardiomyocytes, improving cardiac function and survival in mouse and swine models of myocardial infarction. (ca.gov)
Thus NRAGE was identified during this research doctorate as a novel pro-apoptotic, IAP-interacting protein, able to accelerate apoptosis in a pathway independent of Bcl-2 cell protection. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
The overall objective of EuroNeut-41 was to design a vaccine that raises antibodies able to prevent HIV cell fusion by blocking the virus fusion protein gp41 in its pre-fusogenic conformation. (europa.eu)
Conditional deletion of the Bmi-1 polycomb protein depleted pre-GEPCOT and GEPCOT cells, though pre-GEPCOT cells were more dependent upon Bmi-1 for Cdkn2a ( p16 Ink4a ) repression. (elifesciences.org)
More recently, I have moved from the fields of protein structure and medicinal chemistry to the cell and molecular. (scitizen.com)
E7 from human papil omavirus type 16 cooperate to cancer: the European prospective investigation into doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp321 PMID:20047954 target the PDZ protein Na/H exchange regulatory cancer and nutrition study. (who.int)

The therapeutic potential of cloned human cells has been demonstrated by another study using human oocytes to reprogram adult cells of a type 1 diabetic. (news-medical.net)
Although attempts have not yet been made to create a therapeutic transplant from embryonic stem cells, the methods have been developed to allow the creation of functional, mature cells using human cell cloning technology. (news-medical.net)
Researchers at the University of Hong Kong (HKUMed) LKS Faculty of Medicine, and at City University of Hong Kong (CityU) have generated human neural stem cells (hNSCs) that exhibit what they claim is "powerful therapeutic potential" for the treatment of spinal cord injury. (genengnews.com)
A research team from HKUMed has generated human neural stem cells with powerful therapeutic potential for the treatment of spinal cord injury that paves the way for new therapeutic opportunities. (genengnews.com)
In particular, scientific developments in areas such as iPS cells open new possibilities of research and, at mid term, of therapeutic applications, but they also bring new ethical challenges and problems requiring further reflection and debate. (lifeissues.net)
Current research focuses on distinguishing sensitive cells from insensitive cells, the mechanism by which PIKFYVE inhibitors kill cancer cells, and the therapeutic potential of PIKFYVE inhibitors. (nih.gov)
Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology examines recent progress in our understanding of stem cell biology and how the properties of stem cells can be manipulated for therapeutic purposes, emphasizing the roles that cutting-edge technologies and interdisciplinary approaches have played in this work. (cshlpress.com)
These results support a therapeutic role for everolimus, particularly as long-term maintenance therapy in patients with ATL and other HTLV-I-negative peripheral T-cell lymphomas. (edu.lb)
The lymphoma application segment leads the global stem cell banking market, owing to rising prevalence of these disorders and higher number of successful therapeutic procedures carried out to treat the condition using stem cells. (medgadget.com)

This time, there were twenty-two cell colonies that showed a resistance to G418, meaning that there were colonies in which the cells exhibited embryonic stem cell properties. (asu.edu)
Background: Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties: self renewal and pluripotency. (lu.se)

They also explore specialized niches in which stem cells reside (e.g., in the testis and lung) and how the extracellular cues in those microenvironments regulate stem cell behavior. (cshlpress.com)

Although reovirus infection of humans usually induces mild symptoms, infection of newborn mice leads to severe pathologic conditions, such as lethal encephalitis, depending on the inoculation route and strain ( 4 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)

These cells have been sought after as potential therapies for diseases ranging from heart disease to Parkinson's to cancer. (news-medical.net)
But SCNT can also be used to clone human cells for transplant or other therapies. (news-medical.net)
The use of various types of stem cells for research purposes to make disease "models" in the lab for regenerative medicine and for "therapies" to cure sick patients for diseases is constantly in the news. (lifeissues.net)
Modelling adult diseases to understand their aetiology and progression, and to develop new therapies, is a major challenge for medical biology. (biologists.com)
Dr. Temple's group is focused on studying neural stem cells, and using this knowledge to develop therapies for central nervous system (CNS) disorders. (ny.gov)
In addition, the authors consider the potential of stem-cell-based therapies in the clinic (e.g., for treating retinal diseases and skin disorders) and the innovations that are facilitating the development of those therapies, including various lineage reprogramming strategies and new biomaterials that modulate stem cell properties. (cshlpress.com)
Once they step in, they will heavily invest in developing human therapies. (hearingreview.com)
The emergence of innovative products and treatment therapies, such as allogenic cord-blood derived hematopoietic stem cell therapy, is an imperative growth factor for the global market. (medgadget.com)
They are also collaborating with academic researchers in order to expand the potential uses of newborn stem cell therapies that may be available to patients and their families. (medgadget.com)

Therefore, the overall goal of our work is to discover how DNA replication is regulated both in the large chromosomes of cells and in the "mini-chromosomes" of viruses and small extrachromosomal DNA molecules. (nih.gov)
Our efforts to identify small molecules that could selectively induce DNA re-replication in cancer cells resulted in the discovery of a family of PIKFYVE phosphoinositide kinase inhibitors that can selectively kill autophagy-dependent cancer cells. (nih.gov)
Until we actually find candidate molecules for use in humans, this research won t be taken over by pharmaceutical companies. (hearingreview.com)
Molecules that were identified by immunolabeling in NS cells included nestin, Chx-10, vimentin, GFAP, and Pax-6. (johnshopkins.edu)
The term applies not only to entire organisms but also to copies of molecules (such as DNA) and cells. (who.int)

The question of adult hippocampal neurogenesis has generated numerous controversies regarding its simple presence or absence in humans versus rodents, whether it is best described as the tail of a distribution centered on early neural development, or is several distinct processes. (figshare.com)
In addition, adult neurogenesis may have substantially changed in evolutionary time in different taxonomic groups. (figshare.com)
We acquired quantitative data delimiting the envelope of hippocampal neurogenesis from cell cycle markers (i.e. (figshare.com)
Early developmental events involving the olfactory and limbic system start and conclude possibly slightly early in primates than rodents, and we find a comparable early conclusion of primate hippocampal neurogenesis (as assessed by the relative number of Ki67 cells) suggesting a plateau to low levels at approximately 2 years of age in humans. (figshare.com)
As a result of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), new DGCs are incorporated into the hippocampal circuit throughout life. (biomedcentral.com)

Consequently, neural stem and progenitor cells have usually been studied retrospectively, based on their ability to form colonies in laboratory cell cultures. (elifesciences.org)
A region of the brain called the subventricular zone contains both neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells, and is one of only two regions of the brain where neural stem cells are found in adult mammals. (elifesciences.org)
For instance, in 2011, the FDA approved Hemacord, which is the first FDA-licensed hematopoietic progenitor cells-cord (HPC-C) cell therapy manufactured by New York Blood Center, Inc. Furthermore, in 2014, Hemacord was conferred the Best Biotechnology Product Award by Prix Galien USA. (medgadget.com)
To isolate and characterize progenitor cells derived from adult mammalian ciliary body. (johnshopkins.edu)
The authors isolated progenitor cells from the ciliary body of adult mice, rats, and human cadaver eyes and determined quantitative growth characteristics of groups of progenitor cells called neurosphere (NS) cells, including individual cell diameter, NS diameter, percentage of NS-forming cells, and cell number per eye in mouse, rat, and human eyes. (johnshopkins.edu)
Most are caused by biallelic or, more rarely, dominant mutations in one of the likely hundreds of genes encoding PM proteins, i.e., ubiquitous centrosome or microtubule-associated proteins required for the division of neural progenitor cells in the embryonic brain. (bvsalud.org)

In fact, amplification of genes by over replication of certain regions of DNA is one of the primary mechanisms by which cancer cells become resistant to drug therapy. (nih.gov)
Central to this is the transient increase in H3K4-trimethylation at developmental genes during G1, thereby creating a 'window of opportunity' for cell-fate specification. (researchgate.net)
Second, they identified genes that are essential in non-malignant cells to prevent 'unscheduled endoreplication' from promoting cancer, as well as genes essential to prevent normal cells from re‑replicating their DNA more than once during a single S-phase. (nih.gov)
If one of the infected cells showed G418 resistance, then the scientists would know that one of the twenty-four genes influenced the cell to become an embryonic stem cell-like cell. (asu.edu)
This is because Drosophila genes controlling fundamental cellular functions, such as cell growth and death, are quite identical to those found in human cells. (ataxia.org)
Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)
The fact that the DNA of a fully differentiated (adult) cell could be stimulated to revert to a condition comparable to that of a newly fertilized egg and to repeat the process of embryonic development demonstrates that all the genes in differentiated cells retain their functional capacity, although only a few are active. (who.int)

Purification of CM nuclei by fluorescence-assisted sorting has led to the identification of cell-type-specific mCpG and histone modification signatures in CMs during mouse heart development and maturation 11 . (nature.com)
It was believed that the epigenetic signature and age-related changes such as shortened telomeres and oxidative DNA damage might hinder reprogramming of mature adult nuclei. (news-medical.net)
The adult cell nuclei were transferred into metaphase-II stage human oocytes, producing a karyotypically normal diploid embryonic stem cell line from each of the adult male donor cells. (news-medical.net)
In the past, our research focused on viral genomes as models for DNA replication in mammalian cell nuclei. (nih.gov)
We used isolated nuclei from virus infected cells supplemented with cytoplasm, and discovered that viral replicating chromosomes could continue replication in the absence of a nucleus. (nih.gov)
STEM-37-1629-s005.tif (5.5M) GUID:?F7E745A6-C132-4A12-9A46-37ED368B4A97 Figure S6 Dcx\expressing (fake green, A \ C) and Sox2\expressing (fake MGC5370 crimson, D \ F) cells in sham\treated mice (A & D) and in mice whose brains were administered 2 Gy each day for 5?times (B & E), and in mice administered TMZ for 5 consecutive times (C & F). Nuclei stained with DAPI (fake white). (holyexperiment.org)
The Dolly experiment showed that scientists could reprogram the nucleus of somatic cells by transferring the contents of the nucleus into oocytes that have had their nuclei removed, a technique called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (asu.edu)

Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial reconstruction analysis further confirmed the presence of astrocyte layers in the adult cortex. (cdkl5.com)

Twenty years have passed since Dolly the sheep was born by cloning (somatic cell nuclear transfer, SCNT) but the results of non-human mammalian cloning are very poor, and cause animal diseases and huge biological losses. (sibi.org)
Despite immense promise, somatic cell reprogramming still faces a critical challenge. (sibi.org)
One cloning technology that has been developed for mammalian and human cells is somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (news-medical.net)
Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)
The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)
if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)

Our current research now focuses on two basic, interrelated questions: (1) How do mammalian cells decide where and when to initiate DNA replication? (nih.gov)
2) What are the requirements for DNA replication and transcription at the beginning of mammalian development? (nih.gov)
Drugs that block DNA replication can arrest the spread of cancer cells and eliminate viral pathogens. (nih.gov)
Our research initially focused on mechanisms that restrict nuclear DNA replication during cell division to one complete copy of the genome during each of the trillions of cell divisions required for fertilized mammalian eggs to develop into adults. (nih.gov)
Third, these studies led to the discovery that induction of 'DNA re-replication' during the same cell cycle can selectively kill cancer cells with little or no harm to normal cells. (nih.gov)

HTLV-I-associated adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-negative peripheral T-cell lymphomas carry poor prognosis mainly because of acquired resistance to chemotherapy. (edu.lb)
The ease by which various stem cell types can be generated from human peripheral blood has allowed the design of various kits to guarantee the specificity, sterility and efficacy of stem cells production for various clinical and research applications. (eurekaselect.com)
Patients affected by SCAN-1 develop an adult onset devastating pathology characterized by peripheral axonal motor, sensory neuropathy, distal muscular atrophy, pes cavus and steppage gait. (ataxia.org)
To explore these mechanisms further, we exposed mouse brain organotypic slice cultures to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) and then treated the brain slices with cells from CB or adult peripheral blood (PB). (biorxiv.org)

When investigating the causes of this failure via cellular and molecular analysis of 2-cell zygotes and the successive cell divisions (blastomeres), all kinds of abnormalities were found. (sibi.org)
Epigenetic mechanisms are highly cell-type-specific requiring cell separation techniques to determine epigenomic features in a specific cell type, especially when keeping in mind that the cellular composition of the human heart is highly dynamic. (nature.com)
Researchers have determined that several steps in the protocol were critical for human cellular reprogramming. (news-medical.net)
Thus, it has been argued that the observed bivalency simply reflects cellular heterogeneity arising from the averaging of cells that carry either, but not both, marks at a given locus (Fig. 2). (researchgate.net)
Comparing adult timelines when lifespans stretch from 1 year to 75 years, when underlying cellular mechanisms under scrutiny do not scale similarly, presents challenges to simple detection and comparison. (figshare.com)
Given the notion that a single miRNA may have multiple cellular targets and given the existence of vast numbers of miRNAs (~1,500 in humans), we can expect to witness the discovery of novel miRNA-dependent regulation in the modulation of versatile biological functions [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

However, the detailed epigenetic processes involved in maturation from fetal to adult CMs and in cardiac disease leading to terminal heart failure have not been fully uncovered, yet. (nature.com)
His main research areas are developmental biology, cell morphogenesis, adult stem cells and cardiac function analysis. (amrita.edu)
Further exploring the role of miRNAs in cardiac cells during development and disease may therefore hold great promise for cardiac therapy applications. (biomedcentral.com)

This volume is therefore an indispensable reference for molecular, cell, and developmental biologists, as well as anyone wishing to explore the possibilities of stem cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. (cshlpress.com)
Atta-ur-Rahman, Shazia Anjum , " Frontiers in Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research ", Bentham Science Publishers (2017). (eurekaselect.com)
At present, the key market players are concentrating on regenerative medicine research for harnessing their potential of umbilical cord blood stem cells for use in the treatment of diseases with no known cure. (medgadget.com)
Such an approach is highly relevant to regenerative medicine since it allows for a rapid search over the host of possibilities for reprogramming to a stem cell state. (lu.se)

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used to assess the effects of miRNA mimics or inhibitors on regulation of candidate proteins. (cdc.gov)

In addition, we show that, at later stages,Wnt/β-catenin signaling is sufficient for ventral dermal cell specification. (biologists.com)
By employing microRNA expression profiling and functional knockdown studies on human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, the authors identified miR-363 as an upstream negative regulator of left ventricular specification transcription factor HAND1 . (biomedcentral.com)

MAGE proteins are usually restricted in their expression to malignant or tumour cells, however NRAGE was also expressed in terminally differentiated adult tissue. (uni-wuerzburg.de)

We are excited by new efforts in the zebrafish community to develop models of adult diseases that range from cancer to heart, infectious and age-related diseases, and those that relate to toxicology and complex social behaviours. (biologists.com)
Given their plasticity and regenerative abilities, stem cells provide opportunities for treating human diseases such as diabetes. (cshlpress.com)
Will embryonic stem cells ever be used to treat human diseases? (scitizen.com)
Instead, as we know, interest and debate has centred largely on the ethics and morals of using human ES cells to treat, potentially, a range of human diseases, many of which are virtually intractable with respect to a cure. (scitizen.com)
These debates will, and must, rage on but it interesting that two things in particular seem to be lost to most debates on the issue: (i) the value of research to this point in time, and (ii) the likelihood that the use of stem cells of any type to treat most if not all these diseases remains, for a variety of reasons, a distant possibility. (scitizen.com)
The tiny fruit fly, Drosophila, is an organism extremely useful for studies on human biology, health and a wide range of pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases. (ataxia.org)
Among source types, the cord blood segment holds the leading stance in the global stem cell banking market, owing to the ability of cord blood stem cells to treat over 80 blood-related diseases such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia and various types of cancers such as leukemia and myeloma. (medgadget.com)
editing human Barriers is what allows at usually a present book Travail towards living with neural link and a Chinese stage away in the year about the diseases American to do other reply. (cutechabeads.com)

As a graduate student with Julius Adler, I identified the basal body of the bacterial flagellum, develop methods for its purification, and elucidate its fine structure and specific attachments to the bacterial cell envelope. (nih.gov)
The interactions observed in yeast cells were confirmed in mammalian cell culture, employing both coimmunoprecipitation and mammalian two-hybrid methods. (uni-wuerzburg.de)

The human heart does not effectively regenerate after injury such as after myocardial infarction. (ca.gov)
Consequently, myocardial infarction is a major cause of human mortality worldwide. (ca.gov)
Thus, we propose that FSTL1 therapy could be an effective way to reverse myocardial death and remodelling following myocardial infarction in humans. (ca.gov)
The data suggest that the loss of epicardial FSTL1 is a maladaptive response to injury, and that its restoration would be an effective way to reverse myocardial death and remodelling following myocardial infarction in humans. (ca.gov)

Marmosets show equivalent patterns within neurodevelopment, but unlike macaque and humans may have wholesale delay in the initiation of neurodevelopment processes previously observed in some precocial mammals such as the guinea pig and multiple large ungulates. (figshare.com)
The first articles on the isolation of mouse ES cells were published in 1981 1 immediately heralding the possibility of isolating ES cells from other mammals. (scitizen.com)
We now know that all vertebrates, except mammals, can regenerate new hair cells in the inner ear after native hair cells are damaged or destroyed. (hearingreview.com)
This may provide clues for how to make it happen in humans and other mammals. (hearingreview.com)
I feel that, within 5-10 years, we could easily find out if it s possible to regenerate hair cells at robust levels sufficient to restore hearing in mammals. (hearingreview.com)
When I started this work, somebody said to me that I d never be able to restore the complexity and intricacies of hair cells in humans or other mammals. (hearingreview.com)

In this review, we summarize the history of interspecies chimerism in various animal models to find hints for BC application and describe the challenges and prospects of utilizing BC for human organ generation. (frontiersin.org)
In ancient history, humans used the term "chimera" to describe mythical creatures and hybrids. (frontiersin.org)

In contrast, the young members of old/young mouse pairs exhibited fewer new nerve cells in the dentate gyrus than did young mice untethered to elders. (sciencedaily.com)
In contrast, pre-GEPCOT cells were quiescent, expressed higher Glast, and lower EGFR and PlexinB2. (elifesciences.org)
In contrast, the adult mammalian cardiovascular system has limited regenerative capacity. (lifeboat.com)

To take human organ generation via BC and transplantation to the next step, we reviewed current emerging organ generation technologies and the associated efficiency of chimera formation in human cells from the standpoint of developmental biology. (frontiersin.org)

Furthermore, MAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc. acquired Cord Blood Registry (CBR) - an umbilical cord blood stem cell collection and storage company - for US$ 700 million in order to expand and diversify its maternal health business in 2015. (medgadget.com)
Mononuclear cell (MNC) prepared from human umbilical cord blood (CB) are candidate therapeutics for treating hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injuries. (biorxiv.org)

The adult mammalian heart is non-regenerative owing to the post-mitotic nature of cardiomyocytes. (nature.com)

Although the cerebral cortex is organized into six excitatory neuronal layers, it is unclear whether glial cells show distinct layering. (cdkl5.com)
These cells are the most abundant neuronal population of the DG and their morphology is closely related to their function and connectivity. (biomedcentral.com)
We also used positively selected subpopulations of CB-MNC and PB-MNC in this assay and demonstrated that purified CB-CD14 + cells, but not CB-PB CD14 + cells, efficiently protected neuronal cells from death and reduced glial activation following OGD. (biorxiv.org)

Vertebrate taste receptors are divided into two families:[citation needed] Type 1, sweet, first characterized in 2001: TAS1R2 - TAS1R3 Type 2, bitter, first characterized in 2000: In humans there are 25 known different bitter receptors, in cats there are 12, in chickens there are three, and in mice there are 35 known different bitter receptors. (wikipedia.org)
But it is now known that in at least two places in mammalian brains, including those of mice and humans, such new cells continue to be formed throughout adulthood. (sciencedaily.com)
For one thing, the older mouse in these pairs produced more new nerve cells in their dentate gyrus than solo older mice did. (sciencedaily.com)
We saw a threefold increase in the number of new nerve cells being generated in old mice exposed to this 'younger' environment," said Wyss-Coray. (sciencedaily.com)
To rule out the possibility that an exchange of cells between the young and old mice was responsible, they created circulation-sharing young/old mouse pairs, one of whose members had been genetically engineered so that every one of its cells would glow green when exposed to light. (sciencedaily.com)
Moreover, when plasma -- the cell-free fraction of blood -- from old mice was injected into young mice, it wrought the same deleterious changes in their dentate gyrus as if they'd been sharing blood with older mice. (sciencedaily.com)
When Etoposide and Bevacizumab-treated hypoxic cells were injected intravenously into immunodeficient mice revealed a reduced capacity to induce lung colonies, which also appear with a longer latency period. (oncotarget.com)
STEM-37-1629-s006.tif (10M) GUID:?6618BEE8-98EB-4F93-B1F8-C5907D0AE40F Amount S7 Appearance of 53BP1 in Dcx and Sox2\expressing cells from sham\treated mice one hour when i.p. shot of DMSO (Cohort 8, Supplemental Fig. 1). (holyexperiment.org)
STEM-37-1629-s008.tif (8.4M) GUID:?758377F7-A1CF-43D9-B4E5-CC83CDDFE34A Amount S9 Mcl1 expression in Dcx neuroblasts and in Sox2 NSCs located within Boc-NH-C6-amido-C4-acid 30?m cells of the ventricle from the V\SVZ extracted from nontumor\bearing sham\treated feminine mice. (holyexperiment.org)
Mean numbers of cells per NS were estimated to be 1183 in mice, 5360 in rats, and 685 in humans. (johnshopkins.edu)
The demonstration of what could happen was great, and they used mice because it's a more tractable system, but what we cared about were humans. (medscape.com)

I believe that the reprogramming errors are not the only cause of these low rates of cloning: the mammalian SCNT fails with a very high frequency mainly due to the damage that the technique itself inflicts in the egg and the somatic nucleus, and the very few successful cases occur only when the damage is not significant. (sibi.org)
SCNT is a method of cloning mammalian cells that can be used to create personalized embryonic stem cells from an adult animal or human. (news-medical.net)
In 2013, scientists reported a successful SCNT procedure by modifying the protocol for specific human oocyte biology. (news-medical.net)
This was the first successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into embryonic stem cells using a cloning technique, SCNT. (news-medical.net)
Another successful attempt at human SCNT was made using cells from two adult males. (news-medical.net)

All cestodes cycle through 3 stages-eggs, larvae, and adults. (msdmanuals.com)

Dermal fibroblasts were taken from a 35-year old male and a 75-year-old male and used to create embryonic stem cells. (news-medical.net)
Consistent with the different origins of dorsal and ventral dermal cells, our results demonstrate both conserved and divergent roles ofβ-catenin/Wnt signaling in dermal development. (biologists.com)

In February 2018, the Institute of Integrative Biology collaborated with Anika Therapeutics, Inc., to develop an injectable mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for the treatment of osteoarthritis. (medgadget.com)
With a industrial web at Princeton, Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology welcomes amount cells from the Departments of Molecular Biology, Engineering, Physics and Genomics that owe a new doubt in funneling courses of major , direct factors and page. (cutechabeads.com)
At the core of the network reside Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog, into embryonic stem cells [1,2,3,4,5], have made major inroads which form a self-organized core of the TFs maintaining into stem cell biology. (lu.se)

Everolimus-mediated apoptosis was also associated with an upregulation of p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA-α) proteins, an increase in Bax proteins and downregulation of Bcl-x(L) proteins in all tested HTLV-I-positive and -negative malignant cell lines. (edu.lb)
Systematic analysis and nomenclature of mammalian F-box proteins. (nih.gov)
The analysis of phenotypic similarities and differences among patients has led scientists to elucidate the roles of these PM proteins in humans. (bvsalud.org)

Why Cloning in Non-Human Mammalians Fail? (sibi.org)
The cloning method is based on the fact that cytoplasmic factors in mature, metaphase II oocytes are able to reset the identity of a transplanted adult cell nucleus to an embryonic state. (news-medical.net)
Retrieved on December 04, 2023 from https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/Cloning-Human-Cells.aspx. (news-medical.net)
To date, some 35 countries have adopted laws forbidding human cloning. (who.int)
Elaboration of an international convention against reproductive cloning of human beings has been under consideration in the United Nations since December 2001 when the subject was included in the agenda of the fifty- sixth session as a supplementary agenda item at the request of France and Germany. (who.int)

However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)

This mechanism of transmission contrasts with that of the two subspecies of African trypanosomes that cause human disease, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense , which are transmitted via the saliva of their vectors, and with the mechanism by which a nonpathogenic trypanosome found in the Americas, Trypanosoma rangeli , is transmitted to its mammalian hosts. (medscape.com)
T cruzi can also be transmitted when mammalian hosts ingest infected insects, and this mechanism of transmission may play a major role in maintaining the sylvatic cycle. (medscape.com)

Because clinical samples from the 2 patients were negative for all pathogens tested, urine and throat swab specimens were added to epithelial cells, and virus isolates detected were characterized by molecular analysis and electron microscopy. (cdc.gov)
B. burgdorferi , fever a causative agent of Lyme disease, and B. hermsii , a causative a Borrelia burgdorferi, B. garinii, and B. afzelii are known human pathogens. (cdc.gov)

The infective forms of T cruzi are contained in the feces of the insect vectors and gain entry into its mammalian hosts through contamination. (medscape.com)
The trypomastigote is the infective flagellated form of the parasite found in the blood of the mammalian hosts (blood trypomastigote) and in the hindgut of vectors (metacyclic trypomastigote). (medscape.com)

Dr. Aradhya aims to understand molecular aspects regulating the development of mesodermal derivatives both in Drosophila and mammalian counterparts. (amrita.edu)
This is a pity, since this basic scientific endeavour has played positively into a wide range of fields of interest to all of us, including human and animal toxicology, assisted human reproduction, livestock breeding, and the molecular basis of disease. (scitizen.com)

Inside the V\SVZ reside type B neural stem cells (NSCs) and type A neuroblasts. (holyexperiment.org)
Neurosphere formation is commonly used as a surrogate for neural stem cell (NSC) function but the relationship between neurosphere-initiating cells (NICs) and NSCs remains unclear. (elifesciences.org)

The ciliary body could be a source of cells for transplantation in experimental rodent eyes and for autotransplantation in human eyes. (johnshopkins.edu)

Yamanaka claimed that Gurdon's work in reprogramming mature cells in frogs ( Xenopus ) in 1962 influenced his own work in reprogramming differentiated cells. (asu.edu)
Recent breakthroughs in reprogramming differentiated cells loops. (lu.se)

Indeed, a 5-year survival rate of advanced stage malignant melanoma is less than 10% and resistance to chemotherapy, most likely due to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), is the major cause of treatment failure [ 1 - 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)

term pre-GEPCOT cells (based on an acronym of the markers used to isolate the cells), were long-lived and quiescent, but they lacked the ability to form colonies in culture. (elifesciences.org)
The identification of undifferentiated pre-GEPCOT and GEPCOT cells will make it possible to directly study the properties of these cells inside the mouse brain, and to isolate live cells to test how they function. (elifesciences.org)

Embryonic brains show increased and disorganized radial glia: interkinetic nuclear migration occurs in mutants, however there are increased basally positioned cells and abventricular mitoses. (bvsalud.org)

Similarly, new mammalian reoviruses, such as BYD1, JP, and BYL, were isolated from throat swab specimens of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
Similarly, Melaka virus ( 11 ), Kampar virus ( 12 ), and HK23629/07 virus ( 13 ) were isolated from adults with acute respiratory infection. (cdc.gov)
Takahashi and Yamanaka's 2006 and 2007 experiments showed that scientists can prompt adult body cells to dedifferentiate, or lose specialized characteristics, and behave similarly to embryonic stem cells (ESCs). (asu.edu)

However, though BC is emerging as a potential organ transplant option, challenges regarding organ size scalability, immune system incompatibilities, long-term maintenance, potential evolutionary distance, or unveiled mechanisms between donor and host cells remain. (frontiersin.org)
This large collection of genetic mutants, still used to this day, was crucial to understand fundamental mechanisms of vertebrate development as well as human Mendelian genetic disease. (biologists.com)
First, they elucidated the mechanisms by which trophoblast stem cells and megakaryoblasts are developmentally programmed to differentiate into nonproliferating polyploid cells via 'endoreplication' , a process in which mitosis is bypassed and a second S-phase ensues. (nih.gov)
Determining which cell types in CB-MNC enhance brain tissue repair, and the mechanisms by which they do so, will optimize decisions on dosing, route of administration, treatment frequency, and other critical clinical and regulatory parameters. (biorxiv.org)

The morphological maturation of this cell population is crucial for the establishment of appropriate afferent connections from the perforant pathway. (biomedcentral.com)

The sweet taste receptor (T1R2/T1R3) can be found in various extra-oral organs throughout the human body such as the brain, heart, kidney, bladder, nasal respiratory epithelium and more. (wikipedia.org)
These cells are shown to synapse upon the chorda tympani nerves to send their signals to the brain, although some activation of the glossopharyngeal nerve has been found. (wikipedia.org)
It was long thought that the adult human brain produces no new nerve cells. (sciencedaily.com)
In each case, green cells from the modified mouse turned up in the blood of the other mouse in the pair, as might be expected, but virtually never in the brain of the non-modified mouse. (sciencedaily.com)
Clearly, some other substances besides cells from each mouse's blood were affecting its partner's brain. (sciencedaily.com)
We model central nervous system development using organoids, and select three histone modifications as proxies for dynamic epigenetic change and validate our findings in a primary developing human brain. (researchgate.net)
Crimson club = 50?M. B) H&E of GBM tumor situated in human brain pursuing 5 consecutive times of TMZ? (holyexperiment.org)
The neurosphere-forming cells, named GEPCOT cells, were short-lived and highly proliferative in the brain. (elifesciences.org)
Cord blood (CB) mononuclear cells (MNC) are being tested in clinical trials to treat hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injuries. (biorxiv.org)
The protective activities were largely mediated by factors secreted by CB-MNC, as direct cell-to-cell contact between the injured brain slices and CB cells was not essential. (biorxiv.org)
Many preclinical studies suggest that CB-MNC protect the brain after HI by releasing neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory factors that stimulate repair by host cells [ 8 , 9 ]. (biorxiv.org)
However, what factors mediate brain repair, the CB-MNC cell types that contribute, and the host cells with which they interact are unclear. (biorxiv.org)

HA392 trade name] is indicated in combination with another antiretroviral agent for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in adults, adolescents and children weighing over 25 kg. (who.int)

Adult Human RPE can be activated into a multipotent stem cell that produces mesenchymal derivatives. (ny.gov)

Anatomy71

Organisms21

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs65

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes62

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science4

Health Care2

Embryos9

Target of rapamycin3

Pluripotent17

Tissues9

Embryo4

Regeneration18

Proliferation4

Neurons10

Postnatal6

Abstract1

Infect4

Species7

Vitro4

Gene12

Vivo4

Differentiation10

Flow cytometry2

Stem Cell Res2

Protein6

Therapeutic9

Embryonic stem cell prope2

Regulate1

Induces1

Therapies9

Molecules5

Neurogenesis5

Progenitor cells6

Genes7

Nuclei7

Single-cell RNA1

Somatic cell6

Replication5

Peripheral4

Cellular6

Cardiac3

Regenerative medicine4

Endothelial cells1

Specification2

Terminally differentiated1

Diseases8

Methods2

Myocardial infarction4

Mammals6

Describe2

Contrast3

Developmental biology1

Umbilical2

Post-mitotic1

Neuronal3

Mice11

SCNT5

Eggs1

Dermal2

Biology3

Proteins3

Cloning5

Nucleus1

Mechanism2

Pathogens2

Hosts2

Molecular2

NSCs2

Transplantation1

Reprogramming differentiated cells2

Failure1

Isolate2

Glia1

Similarly3

Mechanisms4

Maturation1

Brain12

Infection in Adults1

Mesenchymal1