• Housekeeping genes are included in the MLST scheme. (cdc.gov)
  • Concatemers of sequences included in the MLST scheme. (cdc.gov)
  • In all the samples, 50 E. coli strains were isolated and then assigned to serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility test, detection of antimicrobial resistance genes and the Class 1 integrons, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (hindawi.com)
  • MLST analysis showed that 32 sequence types (STs) were identified, while ST46 was the predominant genotype among all isolates. (hindawi.com)
  • Isolate relatedness was determined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (who.int)
  • The isolates appear clonally unrelated with MLST, revealing a diversity of clonal types among the Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates. (who.int)
  • Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was carried out with seven housekeeping genes and 19 sequence types (ST) were detected, with none of them having been previously reported for atypical EPEC. (unileon.es)
  • The aim of this study was to perform a genotyping analysis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa -resistant isolates by the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) method at the university teaching hospital in Iran. (advbiores.net)
  • Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) is a strain-typing system that focuses strictly on conserved housekeeping genes. (advbiores.net)
  • For further characterization of isolates, serotyping, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of seven housekeeping genes (aroC, thr. (metu.edu.tr)
  • We describe here the development of a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for S. uberis to help address these issues. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We identify a set of 2,882 core genes clusters based on 73 publicly available Salmonella enterica genomes and evaluate their value as typing targets, comparing whole genome typing and traditional methods such as 16S and MLST. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Today, the most widely used typing methods for bacterial genomes include multilocus sequence typing (MLST), pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), sequencing of 16S rRNA genes, and multilocus variable-number of tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA). (biomedcentral.com)
  • A multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme based on seven housekeeping genes was used to investigate the epidemiology and population structure of Enterococcus faecalis. (uax.es)
  • MLST of 110 isolates from different sources and geographic locations revealed 55 different sequence types that grouped into four major clonal complexes (CC2, CC9, CC10, and CC21) by use of eBURST. (uax.es)
  • iron acquisition) by PCR and sequencing and submitted to multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (biomedcentral.com)
  • the other isolates did not match any type available in the MLST database. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 9 ] proposed multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). (biomedcentral.com)
  • These genes were further analyzed by sequencing, and the strains were compared by MLST of seven housekeeping genes ( adk , aroA , deoD , gdhA , g6pD , mdh , and pgi ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was applied to 75 Candida albicans isolates, including 2 that were expected to be identical, 48 that came from diverse geographical and clinical sources, and 15 that were sequential isolates from two patients. (ox.ac.uk)
  • DNA fragments ( approximately 500 bp) of eight genes encoding housekeeping functions were sequenced, including four that have been described before for C. albicans MLST, and four new gene fragments, AAT1a, AAT1b, MPI, and ZWF1. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In total, 87 polymorphic sites were found among 50 notionally different isolates, giving 46 unique sequence types, underlining the power of MLST to differentiate isolates for epidemiological studies. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Reference strain SC5314 and a derived mutant, CAF2, gave identical MLST types. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our data validate and extend previous MLST results for C. albicans, and we propose an optimized system based on sequencing eight gene fragments for routine MLST with this species. (ox.ac.uk)
  • From multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis, the phylogenetic tree hinted that cross contamination within herds, point mutation of the housekeeping genes at period persisted in a herd, and sharing routes of supply chain between farms. (chula.ac.th)
  • A multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme was developed from six housekeeping gene fragments, and revealed relatively high levels of genetic diversity and a significant impact of recombination on S. hominis population structure. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Among the 40 sequence types (STs) identified by MLST, three STs (ST2, ST16 and ST23) were S. hominis subsp. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Another approach that we have used in the past, is multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • MLST uses the sequences of internal fragments of seven essential, single-copy, housekeeping genes - i.e. genes required for processes that are essential for cell operation - to characterise isolates. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • However, one of the issues with MLST is the cost of the sequencing required. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • In recent years, advances in sequencing technology have led to what is known as "next-generation sequencing" becoming much more affordable and available, paving the way to whole genome sequencing of bacterial isolates as a more cost-effective means than MLST for comparing isolates of the same species, and this is now our preferred approach, for a number of different reasons. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • Number 1 MLST (Multi Locus Sequence Typing) analysis Dabigatran of The phylogenetic tree was generated in Bionumerics v 6.6 (Applied Maths NV) with the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean) method on cathegorical numeric data based … Bacterial growth and biochemical identificationAll strains were stored at ?70C, plated about sheep blood agar (Columbia blood agar, Oxoid, UK) and cultivated at 30C over night. (buyresearchchemicalss.net)
  • The most common approach to typing is multilocus sequence typing (MLST) that defines an ST based on seven to nine housekeeping loci. (readthedocs.io)
  • Availability of whole-genome sequencing has allowed increased resolution in MLST by incorporating more loci into the scheme. (readthedocs.io)
  • While these super-MLST schemes provide substantially higher resolution, the classical analysis of whole genome sequence entails substantial downstream bioinformatics analyses before the ST can be determined. (readthedocs.io)
  • STing correctly assigns sequence types with 100% accuracy in traditional MLST and near 100% accuracy in rMLST and cgMLST. (readthedocs.io)
  • Based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) using genes dnaX, mdh, icdA, and proA, five representative isolates were identified as Pectobacterium carotovorum (Cheers F1 and Hippo F1), while two were identified as Pectobacterium versatile (Hippo F1) and Pectobacterium odoriferum (Hippo F1), respectively, indicating the presence of diverse Pectobacterium species even in combined infection in the same field. (ac.rs)
  • Introduction Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) is a molecular typing technique used in microbiology and genetics to classify and differentiate bacterial strains based on their genetic diversity. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • In this study, multilocus sequence typing was used to characterise the genetic diversity and population structure of 24 avian origin C. albicans isolates collected from different birds with candidiasis and compared to human isolates. (springer.com)
  • A total of 110 clinical isolates of A. baumannii , collected in a recent 2-year period, were tested for carbapenem antibiotic susceptibility, followed by a molecular analysis of carbapenemase genes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Genetic relatedness of the isolates was characterized by multilocus sequence typing. (frontiersin.org)
  • Sixty-seven of the 110 isolates (60.9%) were resistant to carbapenems, 80.60% (54/67) of which carried the bla OXA-23 gene. (frontiersin.org)
  • Most of these CRAB isolates (77.62%) were classified as clone complex 92 (CC92), and sequence type (ST) 92 was the most prevalent STs, followed by ST195, ST136, ST843, and ST75. (frontiersin.org)
  • All 29 fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were positive for the aac(6')-Ib-cr gene but negative for qepA , except SD001. (researchsquare.com)
  • In addition, only 6 (20.69%, 6/29) isolates harbored the qnr gene, including two with qnrB (6.90%, 2/29) and four with qnrS (13.79%, 4/29). (researchsquare.com)
  • Our analysis includes the antimicrobial resistance profiles, the molecular characterization of the mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones, virulence gene profiles and the molecular characterization of S. dysenteriae isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (researchsquare.com)
  • Ceftazidime-resistant (CAZ res ) isolates with a positive double-disc synergy test were screened for the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-encoding genes. (advbiores.net)
  • All the five typed isolates were ST235. (advbiores.net)
  • The sequences of seven housekeeping gene fragments from each of 160 United Kingdom milk isolates of S. uberis were determined. (ox.ac.uk)
  • All of the isolates in the ST-5 lineage carried hasA, a gene that is essential for capsule production. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The multilocus sequence typing scheme used previously for phylogenetic analysis of Escherichia coli was applied to 107 clinical isolates of Shigella flexneri. (uea.ac.uk)
  • DNA sequencing of 3423 bp throughout seven housekeeping genes identified eight new allele types and ten new sequence types among the isolates. (uea.ac.uk)
  • In addition, the conserved genes in general appear to evolve more slowly, and can be used for determining relationships among bacterial isolates [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PCR for the gene pfh A was positive for all five HP isolates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This model is useful for studying the pathogenicity of other P. multocida type A isolates in the specific pig host. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mortality rates for patients with Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) infections have improved only modestly in recent decades and S. aureus infections remain a major clinical challenge This study investigated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of erevacycline (erava) against clinical S. aureus isolates from China, as well as the heteroresistance frequency of erava and sequence types (STs) represented in the sample. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Erava exhibited excellent in vitro activity (MIC 50 ≤ 0.25 mg/L) against MRSA and MSSA, including isolates harboring Tet specific resistance genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Of EAEC strains from Nigeria, 10 independent antimicrobial-resistant isolates belonged to the multilocus sequence type 69 clonal complex, to which uropathogenic E. coli clonal group A belongs. (cdc.gov)
  • If several different strains are present in a manufacturing facility - and this could easily be the case with many of the more common environmental isolates - investigation results may be misleading or inconclusive if strain typing and comparison have not been undertaken. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • 16S sequencing is quite a flexible approach and sequencing the full 16S gene, rather than just the first 500 bp, provides additional data that is sometimes required for accurate species-level identification, but can also be useful for highlighting differences between bacterial isolates. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • It is generally undertaken by Sanger sequencing - in other words, the same sequencing technology used for 16S microbial identification of isolates. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • The present study was taken up to explore 16S rRNA gene sequence to develop methods that can be used for preliminary identification and can supplement the existing methods for identification of clinically-relevant isolates of the genus Streptococcus . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using recA sequencing and multilocus sequence typing, B. cenocepacia isolates can be subdivided into four distinct lineages, IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, and IIID. (panafrican-med-journal.com)
  • Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) performed with concatenated sequences of four housekeeping genes (proA, dnaX, icdA, and mdh) and constructed a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree enabled insight into the phylogenetic position of the Serbian cabbage Pectobacterium isolates. (ac.rs)
  • Additional multilocus sequence analysis, including sequences of the housekeeping genes rpoA , recA , pyrH , gyrB and ftsZ , and DNA-DNA hybridization experiments indicated that the strains were distinct from currently known species of the genus Vibrio and confirmed the clustering of the three isolates. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Genetic typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) resulted in 57 patterns which grouped in 24 clusters. (unileon.es)
  • We collected draft genome sequence data and associated metadata data on 76 N. gonorrhoeae strains from around the globe and searched for known determinants of antibiotics resistance within the strains. (peerj.com)
  • The main goal of the present study was to investigate the genes coding for iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) in T. cruzi strains from an evolutionary perspective. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The FeSOD-A and FeSOD-B genes of 35 T. cruzi strains, belonging to six discrete typing units (Tcl-TcVI), from different hosts and geographical regions were amplified by PCR and sequenced using the Sanger method. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Phylogenetic inference supported the presence of two functional variants of each FeSOD type across the T. cruzi strains. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Phylogenetic trees revealed a monophyletic group of FeSOD genes of T. cruzi TcIV strains in both distinct genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The strains were considered atypical EPEC organisms, carrying the eae gene without harboring the pEAF plasmid. (unileon.es)
  • Rapid and reliable sub-typing of bacterial pathogens is important for identification of outbreaks and monitoring of trends in order to establish population structure and to study the evolution among bacterial genomes especially within and between the outbreak strains. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The low and nonpathogenic strains did not contain the genes tps B2 and pfh A2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A deletion of four bases was observed in the pfh A gene in the low pathogenic strain, and an insertion of 37 kb of phage DNA was observed in the nonpathogenic strains. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The HP strains can cause necrotic bronchopneumonia, fibrinous pleuritis and pericarditis in pigs and can be identified by PCR amplification of the gene pfh A2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, the objective of the present study was to investigate the capacity of eight P. multocida type A field strains to cause disease in healthy pigs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Subjects infected with East-Asian-type- cagA strains with a 6-bp deletion had significantly lower inflammation and atrophy scores in the corpus than those infected with Western-type- cagA strains (both P = 0.02). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using 16 control strains, which represented 12 antigenically distinct H-types verified at reference centers, we could associate a specific H antigen with 10 of these RFLP patterns. (cdc.gov)
  • Markers of well-characterized aggregative adherence plasmids, present in typical EAEC strains, are aggregative adherence regulator gene aggR , anti-aggregative protein or dispersin gene aap, and empiric plasmid probe (CVD432) that represents part of the aat secretion system operon ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Different strains of the same bacterial species show enough variation within each of these housekeeping genes i.e. at each of the seven loci, to create a vast number of distinct allelic profiles. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • Strains are identified by comparing the sequence profiles obtained with previously published data. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • Their comparative analysis demonstrated a relatively high level of intraspecific variability in F. graminearum and F. sporotrichioides, but no correlation between the sequence polymorphism and the geographic origin of the strains or their chemotype was found. (actanaturae.ru)
  • However, the food contaminating strain NVH1032, displayed by a unique sequence type (ST8), was distantly related Dabigatran to all other strains. (buyresearchchemicalss.net)
  • GPS™ also provide genetic typing services for authentication of strains. (geneticpcr.com)
  • On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the three strains formed a cluster within the genus Vibrio and were most closely related to Vibrio pectenicida DSM 19585 T (97.9 % similarity). (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • 11 The common genetic loci are invasion plasmid antigen H ( ipaH ), invasion plasmid antigen genes ( ipaBCD) and invasion associated locus ( ial ). (researchsquare.com)
  • Statistical comparisons between the maximum-likelihood trees constructed by using the seven housekeeping gene fragments showed that the congruence was no better than that between each tree and trees of random topology, indicating there had been significant recombination within these loci. (ox.ac.uk)
  • EAEC are heterogeneous, and the distribution of known virulence genes rarely correlates with phylogeny based on housekeeping loci ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • We recently identified 2 loci, involved in iron acquisition, that are distributed among EAEC in a manner that correlates with multilocus enzyme electrophoresis typing based on 20 housekeeping enzymes ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • While Sanger technology is well suited to sequencing part, or all, of a single gene, when multiplied up to the requirement to sequence seven distinct loci, it does become a more expensive option. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • Additional typing information was obtained by detecting variations in size at the transcribed spacer region of the 25S rRNA gene and tests for homozygosity at the mating type-like (MTL) locus. (ox.ac.uk)
  • At NCIMB, our microbial identification identifies bacteria by sequencing the first 500 bp of the 16S rRNA gene and searching for matches using the MicroSEQ database. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • The genus has been divided into different groups based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The markers generated exploring 16S rRNA gene sequences provided useful tool that can be further used for identification of different species of the genus Streptococcus . (biomedcentral.com)
  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing has proved to be one of the most powerful tools for the classification of microorganisms [ 38 ] and has been used for identification of clinically relevant microbes [ 39 , 40 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whole-genome sequencing for surveillance of fluoroquinolone resistance in rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis in a rural district of Shanghai: A 10-year retrospective study. (cdc.gov)
  • Technological advances in high throughput genome sequencing are making whole genome sequencing (WGS) available as a routine tool for bacterial typing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The price and time for whole genome sequencing will soon be in the same range as the traditional typing methods mentioned above. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whole genome re-sequencing provides powerful data for population genomic studies, allowing robust inferences of population structure, gene flow and evolutionary history. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For the most variable core genes, the variance in amino acid sequences is higher than for the corresponding nucleotide sequences, suggesting that there is a positive selection towards mutations leading to amino acid changes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Genomic variation within the core genome is useful for investigating molecular evolution and providing candidate genes for bacterial genome typing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conserved genes are present across bacterial genomes of the same species (or genus). (biomedcentral.com)
  • A fraction of these genes--those conserved in all (or most) of the genomes of a given bacterial taxonomic group--is called the 'core-genome' of that group. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Currently there are more than a hundred bacterial species for which sufficient genomic data are available to estimate the species core-genome (that is, there are at least three genomes sequenced from the same species) [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The phylogenetic analysis of housekeeping gene sequences is a robust and unequivocal approach for bacterial species identification from pure cultures. (geneticpcr.com)
  • GPS™ counts with 30 years' experience in the field of bacterial phylogenetic studies ( see link for publications ) and a recognized reputation in genetic analysis typing methods. (geneticpcr.com)
  • Identification of bacterial sequence type (ST) is of utmost importance for molecular epidemiology and outbreak control. (readthedocs.io)
  • Length of fragments included in the sequence analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • Concatemers of virulence gene fragments. (cdc.gov)
  • Concatemers of 7 housekeeping and 3 virulence gene fragments. (cdc.gov)
  • The seven fragments sequenced are each approximately 450 - 500 base pairs long - so around the same length as the section of the 16S gene that we sequence for identification purposes. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • First insights into the evolution of Streptococcus uberis: a multilocus sequence typing scheme that enables investigation of its population biology. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Predicts STs of a read sample based on an index built from a species-specific locus-based typing scheme (allelic profile table and sequences of observed alleles). (readthedocs.io)
  • In a study on the polymorphism of QRDR of gyrA/B and parC/E genes, we identified two mutations in gyrA (Ser83→Leu and Asp87→Asn) and parC (Ser80→Ile and Ser83→Leu), respectively. (researchsquare.com)
  • To determine flagellin types, we used an Rsa I-based PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) protocol. (cdc.gov)
  • The intra- and interspecific polymorphism of partial sequences of the translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF1α) gene and two genes from the trichothecene cluster TRI5 and TRI14 was studied. (actanaturae.ru)
  • Molecular epidemiologic studies have mainly focused on candidiasis in humans, but rarely in animals, thus in-depth investigations on molecular typing and evolutionary relationships are still lacking. (springer.com)
  • Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in China Reveals the Key Gene Features Involved in Epidemic Transmission and Adaptive Evolution. (cdc.gov)
  • Many molecular typing methods have already been used to be able to characterize the populace structure within spp and family. (buyresearchchemicalss.net)
  • The core genes--the genes that are conserved in all (or most) members of a genus or species--are potentially good candidates for investigating genomic variation in phylogeny and epidemiology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • S. dysenteriae possesses diverse virulence genes, located on both the chromosome and/or the plasmid. (researchsquare.com)
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and sequencing was used to determine the presence of β-lactamase encoding genes (bla) including bla NDM-1 and plasmid-mediated quinolone and aminoglycoside resistance determinants. (who.int)
  • Our results showed that farmed minks could be reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli with Class 1 integron cassettes and resistance genes, which were likely to pose a threat to public health. (hindawi.com)
  • A previous study also demonstrated that E. coli can carry resistance plasmids and can easily acquire resistance transfer genes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • E. coli WZ33 and WZ51 exhibited discrepant-level resistance to most clinically frequent used antimicrobials, but still susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, amikacin, fosfomycin, tigecycline and polymyxin B. E. coli WZ33 and WZ51 were positive for bla NDM-1 determined by PCR and DNA sequencing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • HAYSTAC: A Bayesian framework for robust and rapid species identification in high-throughput sequencing data. (cdc.gov)
  • Partial TRI14 sequences from 9 out of 12 species were determined for the first time. (actanaturae.ru)
  • The study surveyed genomic population structure heterogeneity by analysing 100 kbp windows and identified four types of evolutionary dynamics, whereby population structure is governed by species, geography, 2L a inversion genotype or 2R b inversion genotype [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The sequences were cut off to start and finish an analysis with the first and third codon positions, respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • Identification of genes with different degrees of variation is important especially in trend analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Creates the indexes (databases) required to execute a locus-based typing analysis and detect genes. (readthedocs.io)
  • We describe a new method to visualize and expedite the analysis of data from genome re-sequencing projects that sample hundreds to thousands of individuals from diverse collection sites. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Between 5 and 17 alleles were obtained per locus, giving the potential to discriminate between 1.3 x 10(7) sequence types. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Occurrence and sequence type of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella spp" by Pakpoom Tadee, Prapas Patchanee et al. (chula.ac.th)
  • Occurrence and sequence type of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella spp. (chula.ac.th)
  • One nonsynonymous mutation in gyrB, scored with a novel SNP typing assay, had a perfect association with the novobiocin-resistant phenotype. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Eppinger M , Rosovitz MJ , Fricke WF , Rasko DA , Kokorina G , Fayolle C , The complete genome sequence of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis IP31758, the causative agent of Far East scarlet-like fever. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, the Shigella enterotoxin genes set1A, set1B ( ShET-1 ), sen ( SHET-2 ) and Shiga toxin gene stx were also reported to be responsible for initial watery diarrhea. (researchsquare.com)
  • The acquisition of resistance genes through a mechanism involving mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids and transposons, is considered a major contributor to antimicrobial resistance [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • 8 , 9 Furthermore, the accelerating accumulation and transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) among multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens pose major difficulties in treating infections. (researchsquare.com)
  • The genes encoding these carbapenemases are commonly located on large mobile plasmids with other determinants conferring resistance to other class antimicrobials, which facilitates the transfer of MDR to other organisms [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Multilocus sequence typing and further genetic characterization of the enigmatic pathogen, Staphylococcus hominis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • shortening the time required to progress from field sampling to the identification of genes and genomic regions under unique evolutionary processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • EPIYT sequences were more prevalent than EPIYA sequences (P = 0.01) in the EPIYA-B motif of all types of cagA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Heterozygous polymorphisms were found in at least one isolate for all but 16 (18.4%) of the variable nucleotides, and 35 (41%) of the 87 individual sequence changes generated nonsynonymous amino acids. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Laukkanen-Ninios R , Didelot X , Jolley KA , Morelli G , Sangal V , Kristo P , Population structure of the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis complex according to multilocus sequence typing. (cdc.gov)
  • In this study, we investigated the occurrence of Salmonella circulating in local organic pig farms in northern Thailand and typed isolated clones to better understand the population structure and transmission dynamics of the underlying Salmonella contamination. (chula.ac.th)
  • genes that reflect their population structure similarities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results suggest that T. cruzi FeSOD types are members of distinct families. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These gene clusters of various sizes correspond predominantly to low recombination genomic regions such as inversions and centromeres, and also to recent selective sweeps. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cloning and restriction digestion of a gene fragment containing heterozygous polymorphisms indicated that the heterozygosity was genuine and not the result of sequencing errors. (ox.ac.uk)
  • and tbpA and hgbB, transferrin-binding protein and hemoglobin-binding protein genes involved in iron acquisition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Central databases have been established, to which users can submit strain information and new allele sequences. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • In addition, the prevalence of the PMQR determinant genes was also investigated. (researchsquare.com)
  • CM, Palmer M, Schvarcz E, Aman J: Prevalence of urinary tract symptoms in long-standing type 1 diabetes mellitus. (inhibitorkit.com)
  • Herein we provide a successful approach to the study of gene/protein families as potential drug targets. (biomedcentral.com)
  • IHRC-GIT ABiL's tool STing (Sequence Typing) is an ultrafast utility that that identifies an ST directly from raw sequencing reads using a novel, alignment-free algorithm. (readthedocs.io)